JP5770471B2 - α−1,6−フコシルトランスフェラーゼ(FUT8)遺伝子発現を不活性化するための方法および組成物 - Google Patents
α−1,6−フコシルトランスフェラーゼ(FUT8)遺伝子発現を不活性化するための方法および組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Description
適用可能な引照なし。
これらの実施形態のいずれかにおいて、F3はRSDNLST(配列番号20)またはRSDHLSQ(配列番号24)を含み得る。
方法の実施、ならびに本明細書中に開示される組成物の調製は、別記しない限り、分子生物学、生化学、クロマチンの構造および分析、コンピューター化学、細胞培養、組換えDNAおよび当業者の知識の範囲内であるような関連分野における慣用的技法を用いる。これらの技法は、文献中で十分に説明されている(例えばSambrook et al. MOLECULAR CLONING: A LABORATORY MANUAL,第2版, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1989および第3版, 2001;Ausubel et al., CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1987および定期的更新;シリーズMETHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY, Academic Press, San Diego;Wolffe, CHROMATIN STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION, 第3版, Academic Press, San Diego, 1998;METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY, Vol. 304, ”Chromatin”(編者:P.M. Wassarman およびA.P. Wolffe), Academic Press, San Diego, 1999;およびMETHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, Vol. 119, ”Chromatin Protocols”(編者:P.B. Becker) Humana Press, Totowa, 1999参照)。
「核酸」、「ポリヌクレオチド」および「オリゴヌクレオチド」という用語は、互換的に用いられ、線状または環状立体配置の、且つ一本鎖または二本鎖形態の、デオキシリボヌクレオチドまたはリボヌクレオチド重合体を指す。本開示の目的のために、これらの用語は、重合体の長さに関して限定するよう意図されない。当該用語は、天然ヌクレオチドの既知の類似体、ならびに塩基、糖および/またはリン酸塩部分(例えばホスホロチオエート主鎖)において修飾されるヌクレオチドを包含し得る。概して、特定ヌクレオチドの類似体は同一塩基対合特異性を有する;すなわち、Aの類似体はTと塩基対合する。
FUT8遺伝子の不活性化のために用いられ得る亜鉛フィンガーヌクレアーゼ(ZFN)が本明細書中に記載される。ZFNは、亜鉛フィンガータンパク質(ZFP)およびヌクレアーゼ(切断)ドメインを含む。
亜鉛フィンガー結合ドメインは、選択配列と結合するよう工学処理され得る(例えば、Beerli et al. (2002) Nature Biotechnol. 20: 135-141;Pabo et al. (2001) Ann. Rev. Biochem. 70: 313-340;Isalan et al. (2001) Nature Biotechnol. 19: 656-660;Segal et al. (2001) Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 12: 632-637;Choo et al., (2000) Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 10: 411-416参照)。工学処理亜鉛フィンガー結合ドメインは、天然生成亜鉛フィンガータンパク質と比較して、新規の結合特異性を有し得る。工学処理方法としては、合理的設計および種々の型の選択が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。合理的設計としては、例えば三重(または四重)ヌクレオチド配列および個々の亜鉛フィンガーアミノ酸配列を含むデータベースの使用が挙げられるが、この場合、各三重または四重鎖ヌクレオチド配列は、特定の三重および四重鎖配列を結合する亜鉛フィンガーの1つまたは複数のアミノ酸配列と会合される(例えば共有米国特許第6,453,242号および第6,534,261号参照)(これらの記載内容は参照により本明細書中で援用される)。
ZFNは、ヌクレアーゼ(切断ドメイン、切断半ドメイン)も含む。本明細書中に開示される融合タンパク質の切断ドメイン部分は、任意のエンドヌクレアーゼまたはエキソヌクレアーゼから得られる。切断ドメインが由来する例示的エンドヌクレアーゼとしては、制限エンドヌクレアーゼおよびホーミング・エンドヌクレアーゼが挙げられるが、これらに限定されない(例えば、2002-2003 Catalogue, New England Biolabs, Beverly, MA;およびBelfort et al. (1997) Nucleic Acids Res. 25: 3379-3388参照)。DNAを切断するさらなる酵素が知られている(例えば、S1ヌクレアーゼ;緑豆ヌクレアーゼ;膵臓DNアーゼI;小球菌ヌクレアーゼ;酵母HOエンドヌクレアーゼ;編者;Linn et al. Nucleases, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1993も参照)。これらの酵素(またはその機能的断片)のうちの1つまたは複数は、切断ドメインおよび切断半ドメインの供給源として用いられ得る。
FUT8遺伝子中に標的部位を有する任意のヌクレアーゼが、本明細書中に開示される方法に用いられ得る。例えば、ホーミング・エンドヌクレアーゼおよびメガヌクレアーゼは長い認識配列を有し、そのいくつかは、統計学に基づいて、ヒトサイズのゲノム中に1回存在すると思われる。FUT8遺伝子中に独自の標的部位を有する任意のこのようなヌクレアーゼは、FUT8遺伝子における標的化切断のために、亜鉛フィンガーヌクレアーゼの代わりに、またはそれに加えて、用いられ得る。
本明細書中に記載されるZFNは、任意の適切な手段により標的細胞に送達され得る。適切な細胞としては、真核生物および原核生物の細胞および/または細胞株が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。このような細胞または細胞株の非限定例としては、COS、CHO(例えば、CHO−S、CHO−K1、CHO−DG44、CHO−DUXB11、CHO−DUKX、CHOK1SV)、VERO、MDCK、WI38、V79、B14AF28−G3、BHK、HaK、NS0、SP2/0−Ag14、HeLa、HEK293(例えば、HEK293−F、HEK293−H、HEK293−T)、およびperC6細胞、ならびに昆虫細胞、例えばハスモンヨウ近種ヨウトガ(Sf)、または真菌細胞、例えば出芽酵母、ピキア酵母および分裂酵母が挙げられる。
開示された方法および組成物は、FUT8ゲノム配列の不活性化のために用いられ得る。上記のように、不活性化は、細胞中のFUT8遺伝子発現の部分的または完全抑圧を包含する。FUT8遺伝子の不活性化は、例えば単一切断事象により、切断とその後の非相同末端結合により、2つの部位での切断とその後の2つの切断部位間の配列を欠失するための結合により、コード領域中へのミスセンスまたはナンセンスコドンの標的化組換えにより、遺伝子または調節領域を破壊するための、遺伝子またはその調節領域中への無関連配列(すなわち、「スタッファー」配列)の標的化組換えにより、あるいは転写物のミススプライシングを引き起こすためのイントロン中へのスプライス受容体配列の組換えをターゲッティングすることにより、達成され得る。
α−2およびα−6フコシルトランスフェラーゼ中に保存された3つのモチーフは、Fut8の酵素活性とその後の組換え的に産生された抗体治療薬のフコシル化に関与する(Ihara et al. (2007) Glycobiology 17: 455-66参照)。これらのモチーフは、ハムスター(モンゴルキヌゲネズミ)配列で容易に同定可能であった(Oriol et al. (1999) Glycobiology 9: 323-34;Java(登録商標)ud et al. (2000) Mol Biol Evol 17: 1661-72参照)。特に、ハムスターFUT8 FutモチーフII(図4)はウシおよびヒトモチーフと同一であり、ブタおよびマウスからのモチーフとは1つのアミノ酸のみが異なる(Java(登録商標)ud et al. (2000) Mol Biol Evol 17: 1661-72)。さらに、ハツカネズミおよびドブネズミFUT8ゲノムDNA配列のアラインメントは、ハムスターのFUT8遺伝子のイントロン9が容易にクローン化可能であるほど十分に小さい、ということを示唆した。
FUT8標的化ZFNが予測どおり内因性FUT8遺伝子座を修飾したか否かを確定するために、本質的にメーカーの使用説明書(Trangenomic SURVEYOR(登録商標))に従ってCel−1ミスマッチアッセイを実施した。要するに、適切なZFNプラスミド対をCHO K−I細胞中にトランスフェクトした。CHO K−I細胞をAmerican Type Culture Collectionから入手して、10%規格ウシ胎仔血清(FCS、Hyclone)を補足したF−12培地(Invitrogen)中で推奨されたように増殖させた。TrypLE Select(登録商標)プロテアーゼ(Invitrogen)を用いて、細胞をプラスチック容器から引き離した。トランスフェクションのために、100万個のCHO K−1細胞を1μgの各亜鉛フィンガーヌクレアーゼおよび100μlのAmaxa溶液Tと混合した。プログラムU−23を用いてAmaxa NucleofectorII(登録商標)中で細胞をトランスフェクトし、1.4mLの温F−12培地+10%FCS中に回収した。
FUT8欠失クローンも、遺伝子レベルで解析した。二重突然変異体クローンを迅速に同定するために、レクチン レンズマメ アグルチニン(LCA、Vector Laboratories)に対するフコシル化欠陥CHO細胞の耐性に基づいた表現型スクリーンを用いた。CHO細胞株Lec13は、野生型CHO細胞より50倍高いLCAの濃度でそれを増殖させるフコース生合成遺伝子GMDにおける突然変異を含有する(例えばRipka et al. (1986) Somat Cell Mol Genet 12: 51-62;Ohyama et al. (1998) J Biol Chem 273: 14582-7参照)。FUT8−/−細胞は、蛍光標識LCAを結合できない(Yamane-Ohnuki et al. (2004) Biotechnol Bioeng 87: 614-22参照)。したがって、FUT8−/−細胞もLCA中での増殖に耐性である、とわれわれは推論した。
イントロンZFN対ZFN12029/12030およびエキソン対ZFN12172/12176の同時トランスフェクションにより、FUT8におけるより大きな欠失(FUT8の1300bp、エキソン10の大部分を含む)も作製した。特に、ZFN 12029、12030、12172および12176の各々1μgを、上記のようにCHO K−I細胞中にトランスフェクトした。トランスフェクションの2日後に細胞を収穫し、ゲノムDNAを精製した。DNAをEcoR IおよびXmn Iで消化して、野生型染色体を破壊し、オリゴGJC 71F:GCTTGGCTTCAAACATCCAG(配列番号4)およびGJC 91R:TGTTACTTAAGCCCCAGGC(配列番号7)を用いてPCR増幅した。
FUT8および付加的遺伝子が不活性化された細胞株も作製した。特に、DHFRおよびGSに向けられる亜鉛フィンガーヌクレアーゼを、米国特許公開番号2006/0063231および米国特許2008/015164に記載されたように設計し、構築した。DHFRおよびGS標的化ZFNを、実施例2に記載したようにCHO細胞中に導入し、GS-/-/DHFR-/-CHO細胞株を作製した。
FUT8のZFN修飾を有するいくつかのCHO細胞は、それらの野生型Fut8活性の分画を保持し得る。このような細胞は、初期スクリーンを実施するために用いられる相対的に低濃度のLCA(50μg/mL)に耐性であり得るが、しかしより高濃度のLCAに対しては依然として感受性である。
Claims (19)
- ヌクレアーゼドメインが、少なくとも1つの切断ドメインまたは少なくとも1つの切断半ドメインを含む、請求項1に記載の融合タンパク質。
- 前記切断半ドメインが野生型FokI切断半ドメインである、請求項2に記載の融合タンパク質。
- 前記切断半ドメインが工学処理FokI切断半ドメインである、請求項2に記載の融合タンパク質。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のタンパク質のいずれかをコードするポリヌクレオチド。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のタンパク質のいずれか、または請求項5に記載のポリヌクレオチドを含む単離細胞。
- Fut8が部分的に不活性化される、請求項6に記載の細胞。
- Fut8が完全に不活性化される、請求項6に記載の細胞。
- 1つ以上の付加的遺伝子が部分的にまたは完全に不活性化される、請求項6〜8のいずれか1項に記載の細胞。
- ジヒドロ葉酸レダクターゼ(DHFR)およびグルタミンシンセターゼ(GS)が不活性化されている、請求項9記載の細胞。
- Fut8が、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の融合タンパク質によって部分的にまたは完全に不活性化される細胞株。
- 細胞中の内因性細胞性FUT8遺伝子を不活性化する方法であって、以下:
(a)第一ポリヌクレオチドを細胞中に導入するステップであって、ここで、前記第一ポリヌクレオチドが請求項5に記載のポリヌクレオチドであり、前記第一ポリヌクレオチドによって発現される第一タンパク質が、標的部位と結合して、FUT8遺伝子を切断するステップを包含する方法。 - 第二タンパク質をコードする核酸を導入することをさらに包含する、請求項12に記載の方法であって、前記第二タンパク質が以下の:
(i)前記FUT8遺伝子中の第二標的部位と結合するよう工学処理される亜鉛フィンガーDNA結合タンパク質;および
(ii)切断ドメイン
を含み、したがって前記第二タンパク質が細胞中で発現され、それにより前記第一及び第二タンパク質がそれらのそれぞれの標的部位と結合して、FUT8遺伝子を切断するステップを包含する方法。 - 前記第一および第二タンパク質が同一核酸によりコードされる、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記第一および第二タンパク質が異なる核酸によりコードされる、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 宿主細胞における対象とする組換えタンパク質の産生方法であって、以下の:
(a)内因性FUT8遺伝子を含む宿主細胞を提供するステップ;
(b)請求項12〜15のいずれかに記載の方法により宿主細胞の内因性FUT8遺伝子を不活性化するステップ;ならびに
(c)当該タンパク質をコードする配列を含む導入遺伝子を含む発現ベクターを宿主細胞中に導入し、それにより組換えタンパク質を産生するステップ
を包含する方法。 - 対象とするタンパク質が抗体を含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- Fut8が部分的にまたは完全に不活性化される細胞株であって、以下:
(a)請求項12〜15のいずれかに記載の方法に従って細胞中のFut8を不活性化すること;ならびに
(b)Fut8が部分的にまたは完全に不活性化される細胞株を生成するのに適した条件下で細胞を培養すること
により産生される細胞株。 - 前記細胞が、COS細胞、CHO細胞、VERO細胞、MDCK細胞、WI38細胞、V79細胞、B14AF28−G3細胞、BHK細胞、HaK細胞、NS0細胞、SP2/0−Ag14細胞、HeLa細胞、HEK293細胞およびperC6細胞からなる群から選択される哺乳類細胞である、請求項18に記載の細胞株。
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EP2527435A2 (en) | 2012-11-28 |
AU2008275649A1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
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CN101883850A (zh) | 2010-11-10 |
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JP2010532995A (ja) | 2010-10-21 |
EP2171052A2 (en) | 2010-04-07 |
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