JP5722742B2 - Fuel cell - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fuel cell configured by laminating a plurality of flat fuel cells.

  A conventional fuel cell, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, is a stacked body in which a plurality of flat fuel cell cells are stacked between a pair of end plates, and in the vicinity of the peripheral portion of the stacked body. A gas supply / exhaust flow path for supplying a reaction gas used for power generation reaction to each fuel cell through the stack in the stacking direction, and a gas for discharging exhaust gas after the power generation reaction from each fuel cell Supply / exhaust flow path, threaded shaft-shaped penetrating member inserted into a through-hole penetrating the peripheral edge of the laminate along the laminating direction, and nut-shaped fixing members provided at both axial ends of the penetrating member And.

  Each of the fuel cells constituting the fuel cell includes a pair of interconnectors positioned on both upper and lower surfaces with the stacking direction of the stacked body as the vertical direction, and a surface positioned between the interconnectors and facing the inner surface of one interconnector. An electrolyte having a fuel electrode formed on the surface opposite to the inner surface of the other interconnector is stacked, and an air chamber is formed between the interconnector and the air electrode. A fuel chamber is formed between the interconnector and the fuel electrode. Then, a reactive gas such as air or hydrogen is supplied to the fuel chamber and the air chamber from the gas supply / discharge flow path, and the exhaust gas after the power generation reaction is discharged from the gas supply / discharge flow path. The gas supply / exhaust flow path includes a vertical hole-shaped main flow path communicating in the stacking direction of the laminate, and a reaction gas is supplied to the fuel chamber and the air chamber of each layer crossing the vertical flow path or the fuel chamber. And a horizontal horizontal branch passage that collects the exhaust gas after the power generation reaction from the air chamber, and the reaction gas is supplied from the outside through a reaction gas supply pipe inserted through the longitudinal main passage, and The exhaust gas is discharged to the outside through the exhaust pipe for exhaust gas inserted through the longitudinal main passage.

The penetrating member has a solid screw shaft shape, and is inserted into four through holes penetrating at least the peripheral corners of the laminated body, and is nut-shaped attached to both ends of the penetrating member in the axial direction. The laminated body is tightened more strongly than both sides in the laminating direction.
Further, the reaction gas supply pipe and the exhaust gas exhaust pipe inserted through the longitudinal main flow path of the gas supply / discharge flow path are located at intermediate positions between the penetrating members and protrude on both sides in the stacking direction of the laminate. A male screw is formed on the outer periphery, and the laminated body is fastened in the laminating direction in the same manner as the fixing member fitted to the penetrating member with a nut fitted to the male screw.

JP 2009-117208 A

  A conventional fuel cell is formed by laminating a total of eight through gas members arranged at the peripheral corners of a laminate and a reaction gas supply pipe and an exhaust gas exhaust pipe arranged at intermediate positions thereof with a fixing member and a nut, respectively. The body is fixed and tightened to suppress gas leakage from the layers. And it is thought that the gas leak from an interlayer can be suppressed by this structure, and the gas leak to the exterior was suppressed substantially in fact.

  However, when the present inventor supplies air at a constant flow rate to the other reaction gas supply pipe with one reaction gas supply pipe closed, the flow of air from both exhaust gas exhaust pipes is slight. As a result, it became clear that gas could leak inside the laminate. Gas leakage inside the laminated body has a harmful effect that leads to a decrease in gas utilization rate, and may cause deterioration of constituent materials due to intrusion of non-standard reactive gas into the air chamber or fuel chamber. Therefore, it is not preferable.

  As a result of investigating the cause of gas leakage inside such a fuel cell, the conventional fuel cell was tightly tightened in a state of surrounding the periphery of the laminate squarely, so that the center was swollen as a whole deformation behavior Thus, the idea that the sealing performance between the layers of the gas supply / exhaust flow path has been lowered due to the deformation.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object thereof is to provide a fuel cell in which no gas leaks to the outside or the inside of the laminate.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention
A laminate formed by laminating a plurality of flat fuel cells, and
The fuel cell is disposed at a peripheral portion of the stacked body and passes through the stacked body in the stacking direction to supply a reaction gas used for a power generation reaction to each of the fuel cells or exhaust gas after the power generation reaction. A gas supply / discharge passage for discharging from the cell;
A rod-like penetrating member inserted into a through-hole penetrating the peripheral edge of the laminate along the laminating direction;
Fixing members provided at both ends in the axial direction of the penetrating member,
The fuel cell in which the stack is clamped from both ends in the stacking direction via the penetrating member and the fixing member,
The penetrating member is
In the peripheral portion of the laminate, the first row is arranged on the outer edge side located outside the peripheral portion, and the second row is arranged in the second row on the inner edge side located inside the outer edge side,
The gas supply / discharge channel is
Provided is a fuel cell that is arranged in a side-by-side position with the penetrating members in the first row or the second row, or in a position between the penetrating members in the first row and the second row.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the gas supply / discharge flow path is arranged at a position between the penetrating members of the first row and the second row, and further from the gas supply / discharge flow path. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the shortest distances to the penetrating members in the first row and the second row are the same.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the gas supply / exhaust flow path is disposed at a position side by side with the first row of penetrating members, and the first row of penetrating members are further inserted. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the gas supply / discharge passage is provided in at least a part of the through hole.

  Further, as described in claim 4, the penetrating members in the first row and the penetrating members in the second row are arranged in a zigzag shape in a plan view in a plane orthogonal to the stacking direction. The fuel cell according to any one of 1 to 3 is provided.

Moreover, as described in claim 5, a laminate formed by laminating a plurality of flat fuel cells, and
The fuel cell is disposed at the periphery of the laminate and passes through the laminate in the stacking direction to supply a reaction gas used for power generation reaction to each of the fuel cells, or exhaust gas after the power generation reaction is supplied to the fuel cell. A gas supply / discharge flow path for discharging more,
A fastening member for fastening the laminate from both ends in the lamination direction;
A fuel cell comprising:
The fastening member is
In the peripheral portion of the laminate, a first facing portion facing one surface of both ends of the laminate in the stacking direction;
In the peripheral portion, a second facing portion facing the other surface at both ends in the stacking direction of the stacked body;
A connecting portion that integrally connects the end portion of the first facing portion and the end portion of the second facing portion to face the side surface of the laminate;
A first row formed in at least one of the first facing portion and the second facing portion and penetrating toward the one surface or the other surface of the stacked body and corresponding to the outer edge side of the stacked body And a plurality of female screw holes formed in a second row corresponding to the inner edge side,
Screwed into the female screw hole, the tip abuts against the one surface or the other surface of the laminate, and is divided into the first row and the second row by tightening into the female screw hole. A plurality of screw members capable of fastening the laminate in the lamination direction,
The gas supply / discharge channel is
A fuel cell is provided that is arranged in a side-by-side position with the screw members in the first row or the second row, or in a position between the screw members in the first row and the second row.

In addition, as described in claim 6, the gas supply / discharge flow path is disposed at a position between the screw members in the first row and the second row, and further along the stacking direction. 6. The fuel cell according to claim 5, wherein when projected onto a plane orthogonal to the stacking direction, the shortest projected distance from the gas supply / discharge flow path to the screw members in the first row and the second row is the same. provide.

  Further, as described in claim 7, the screw members in the first row and the screw members in the second row are arranged in a zigzag shape in a plan view in a plane orthogonal to the stacking direction. A fuel cell according to 5 or 6 is provided.

  In the fuel cell of the present invention, gas leakage to the outside is suppressed by the first row of penetrating members, and gas leakage to the inside is suppressed by the second row of penetrating members. Therefore, there is almost no possibility of causing the reaction gas to flow unnecessarily, and there is almost no risk of deterioration of the constituent materials due to intrusion of the reaction gas outside the specification into the air chamber or the fuel chamber.

  Further, as described in claim 2, the above effect is obtained when the shortest distance from the gas supply / discharge flow path to the penetrating members in the first row and the second row is the same, that is, the gas supply / discharge flow path is the first. It is highest when it is at the center position of the penetrating members in the first and second rows.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the gas supply / exhaust flow path is arranged at a position side by side with the first row of penetrating members, and is formed in at least a part of the through holes into which the first row of penetrating members are inserted. When the gas supply / discharge channel is provided, both the number of manufacturing steps and the number of parts can be reduced as compared with the case where the through hole and the gas supply / discharge channel are provided separately.

  In addition, as described in claim 4, if the penetrating members in the first row and the second row are arranged in a zigzag shape in plan view, it is possible to efficiently prevent external and internal gas leakage with a small number of penetrating members. Can do.

  Further, in addition to the same effect as in the first aspect, the fuel cell according to the fifth aspect can reduce the creep strain and prevent the creep rupture of the element for fixing the laminate. That is, the fastening member of the fuel cell according to claim 5 is attached to the first facing portion and / or the second facing portion by inserting the vicinity of the peripheral portion of the laminate between the first facing portion and the second facing portion. Since the laminated body is tightened in the laminating direction by tightening the screw member, a compressive stress opposite to the tensile stress acting on the penetrating member of claim 1 acts on the screw member. In this way, by using the crest-shaped screw member as a compression field, the creep strain of the screw member can be reduced and the risk of creep rupture can be reduced.

  Further, as described in claim 6, the above effect is obtained when the shortest distance from the gas supply / discharge flow path to the first row and second row screw members is the same, that is, the gas supply / discharge flow path is It is the highest when it is in the center position of the screw members in the first row and the second row.

  In addition, as described in claim 7, if the screw members in the first row and the second row are arranged in a zigzag shape in plan view, gas leakage inside and outside can be efficiently prevented with a small number of screw members. Can do.

It is a perspective view of a fuel cell. It is a top view of a fuel cell. It is a perspective view of a fuel cell. It is a disassembled perspective view of a fuel cell. It is a disassembled perspective view of the fuel battery cell which narrowed down decomposition parts. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which abbreviate | omitted the middle of the fuel cell. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which decomposes | disassembles and shows FIG. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is the BB sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a perspective view of a current collection member. (A) is a perspective view of a spacer, (b) is a perspective view before mounting the spacer of a current collection member. It is a perspective view of the current collection member which shows the modification of FIG.11 (b). It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which abbreviate | omitted the middle of the fuel battery cell which shows a modification. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which abbreviate | omitted the middle of the fuel battery cell which shows a modification. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which abbreviate | omitted the middle of the fuel battery cell which shows a modification. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which abbreviate | omitted the middle of the fuel battery cell which shows a modification. 6 is a plan view of a fuel cell according to Embodiment 2. FIG. 6 is a plan view of a fuel cell according to Embodiment 3. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a fuel cell according to Embodiment 4. FIG. 6 is a plan view of a fuel cell according to Embodiment 4. FIG. FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view in which an intermediate portion of a fuel cell according to Embodiment 4 is omitted. It is a top view of the fuel cell which shows another form.

[Embodiment 1]
Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
Currently, fuel cells are roughly classified according to the material of the electrolyte. The polymer electrolyte membrane is used as a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), the phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC) using phosphoric acid as an electrolyte, and Li- There are four types: a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) using Na / K carbonate as an electrolyte and a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) using ZrO ₂ ceramic as an electrolyte, for example. Each type has a different operating temperature (the temperature at which ions can move through the electrolyte). At present, PEFC is at room temperature to about 90 ° C, PAFC is about 150 ° C to 200 ° C, and MCFC is about 650 ° C to 700 ° C. , SOFC is about 700 ° C to 1000 ° C.

The fuel cell 1 of Embodiment 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 12 is an SOFC using, for example, a ZrO ₂ -based ceramic as an electrolyte 2, for example, hydrogen (hereinafter referred to as “fuel gas”) and air as reaction gases. The fuel cell 1 includes a fuel cell 3 that is a minimum unit of power generation, and a gas supply / discharge channel for supplying air to the fuel cell 3 (hereinafter also referred to as “air supply channel”). 4, a gas supply / exhaust flow path (hereinafter also referred to as “air exhaust flow path”) 5 for exhausting the air after the power generation reaction as exhaust gas to the outside, and also supplying fuel gas to the fuel cell 3 A gas supply / discharge passage (hereinafter also referred to as “fuel supply passage”) 6 for supplying fuel and a gas supply / discharge passage (hereinafter referred to as fuel exhaust passage) for discharging the fuel gas after the power generation reaction as exhaust gas to the outside. , Also referred to as “fuel exhaust passage”), a laminate 8 formed by laminating a plurality of the fuel cells 3, and a fixing means 9 for fastening the laminate 8 in the laminating direction to fix it. Composed.

[Fuel battery cell]
The fuel battery cell 3 is a flat plate having a square shape in plan view as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 3, and a ferritic stainless steel having conductivity in the form of a square plate as shown in an exploded view in FIGS. (* "Up" or "Down" here is based on the description in the drawing, but this is only for convenience of explanation and does not mean absolute top and bottom. The same shall apply hereinafter.) The interconnector 12, the lower interconnector 13, which is also formed of a ferritic stainless steel having a rectangular plate shape, and the upper and lower interconnectors 12, 13, and located above the electrolyte 2 A cell body 20 having an air electrode 14 formed on a surface facing the inner surface (lower surface) of the connector 12 and a fuel electrode 15 formed on a surface facing the inner surface (upper surface) of the lower interconnector 13; An air chamber 16 formed between the interconnector 12 and the air electrode 14, a fuel chamber 17 formed between the lower interconnector 13 and the fuel electrode 15, and an air electrode disposed inside the air chamber 16. 14 and the upper interconnector 12 are electrically connected to the current collecting member 18 on the air electrode 14 side, and the fuel electrode 15 disposed in the fuel chamber 17 is electrically connected to the lower interconnector 13. And a current collecting member 19 on the fuel electrode 15 side.

[Electrolytes]
The electrolyte 2 is made of LaGaO ₃ ceramic, BaCeO ₃ ceramic, SrCeO ₃ ceramic, SrZrO ₃ ceramic, CaZrO ₃ ceramic, etc. in addition to ZrO ₂ ceramic.

[Fuel electrode]
The material of the fuel electrode 15 is made of a metal such as Ni and Fe and a ceramic such as ZrO ₂ ceramic such as zirconia stabilized by at least one kind of rare earth elements such as Sc and Y, and CeO ₂ ceramic. A mixture with at least one of them is mentioned. The material of the fuel electrode 15 may be a metal such as Pt, Au, Ag, Pb, Ir, Ru, Rh, Ni and Fe. These metals may be only one kind, or two or more kinds of alloys. Also good. Furthermore, a mixture (including cermet) of these metals and / or alloys and at least one of each of the above ceramics may be mentioned. Moreover, the mixture etc. of metal oxides, such as Ni and Fe, and at least 1 type of each of the said ceramic are mentioned.

[Air electrode]
As the material of the air electrode 14, for example, various metals, metal oxides, metal double oxides, and the like can be used. Examples of the metal include metals such as Pt, Au, Ag, Pb, Ir, Ru, and Rh, or alloys containing two or more metals. Further, examples of the metal oxide include oxides such as La, Sr, Ce, Co, Mn and Fe (La ₂ O ₃ , SrO, Ce ₂ O ₃ , Co ₂ O ₃ , MnO ₂ and FeO). It is done. As the double oxide, a double oxide containing at least La, Pr, Sm, Sr, Ba, Co, Fe, Mn, etc. (La _1-X Sr _X CoO ₃ -based double oxide, La _1-X Sr _X FeO ₃ -based double oxide, La _1-X Sr _X Co _1-y FeO ₃ -based double oxide, La _1-X Sr _X MnO ₃ -based double oxide, Pr _1-X Ba _X CoO ₃ -based double oxide And Sm _1-X Sr _X CoO ₃ -based double oxide).

[Fuel chamber]
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the fuel chamber 17 surrounds the current collecting member 19 and is installed on the upper surface of the lower interconnector 13 for frame-shaped fuel electrode gas flow path formation insulation. The frame (hereinafter also referred to as “fuel electrode insulating frame”) 21 and a fuel electrode frame 22 which is in the form of a frame and installed on the upper surface of the fuel electrode insulating frame 21 are formed in a square room shape.

[Current collector on the fuel chamber side]
The current collecting member 19 on the fuel chamber 17 side is formed of, for example, a Ni plate material that has been heat-treated in a vacuum at 1000 ° C. for 1 hour and annealed (HV hardness is 200 or less). A connector abutting portion 19a that abuts, a cell body abutting portion 19b that abuts the fuel electrode 15 of the cell body 20, and a U-shaped connecting portion 19c that connects the connector abutting portion 19a and the cell body abutting portion 19b. Are formed in series, and the connector abutting portion 19a and the cell main body abutting portion 19b are urged toward the interconnector 13 and the cell main body 20 by the elasticity of the U-shaped portion of the connecting portion 19c, respectively, and It is possible to flexibly follow the deformation of the cell body 20 due to variations in temperature cycle, fuel pressure, air pressure, and the like.

  Note that the current collecting member 19 on the fuel chamber 17 side may be formed of, for example, a porous metal made of Ni, a metal mesh, or a wire in addition to the case of forming the plate as described above. Further, the current collecting member 19 on the fuel chamber 17 side may be formed of a metal resistant to oxidation such as Ni alloy or stainless steel in addition to Ni.

  The current collecting member 19 is provided in the fuel chamber 17 with several tens to hundreds (of course, depending on the size of the fuel chamber), and these are individually arranged on the interconnector 13 and welded (for example, laser welding or resistance). However, preferably, as shown in FIG. 11B, the plate material is processed into a rectangular flat plate 190 aligned with the fuel chamber 17, and the flat plate 190 is connected to the cell main body contact portion 19b. A cut line 19d corresponding to the portion 19c is formed, and as shown in the enlarged portion of FIG. 10, the connecting portion 19c is bent into a U shape so that the cell body contact portion 19b is located above the connector contact portion 19a. Is covered with a gap s (see the enlarged portion in FIG. 6). Therefore, the perforated flat plate 190 left by bending the cell main body contact portion 19b is an assembly of the connector contact portions 19a. In the first embodiment, the connector contact portion 19a of the flat plate 190 is the lower interconnector 13. Are joined by laser welding or resistance welding.

  The cut line 19d of the current collecting member 19 may have a shape in which the cell main body abutting portion 19b and the connecting portion 19c are grouped as shown in FIG. By doing so, the cell main body contact portion 19b and the connecting portion 19c can be processed efficiently.

[spacer]
The current collecting member 19 is provided with a spacer 58 as shown in FIG. The spacer 58 is disposed in the fuel chamber 17 between the cell body 20 and the lower interconnector 13 so as to separate the connector abutting portion 19a and the cell body abutting portion 19b, and at least the fuel cell operation. Due to the thermal expansion of the spacer 58 in the temperature range, the cell body contact portion 19b and the connector contact portion 19a are brought into contact with each other, that is, the cell body contact portion 19b faces the cell body 20, while the connector contact. In order to be able to press the portion 19a toward the interconnector 13, in the fuel cell operating temperature range of 700 ° C. to 1000 ° C., it is formed with a thickness and material that exceeds the interval s that is expanded by thermal expansion by further thermal expansion. Has been.

  The spacer 58 may have a thickness that exceeds the distance s between the cell main body contact portion 19b and the connector contact portion 19a in the fuel cell operating temperature range, but is preferably room temperature when the fuel cell is not operating. In this state, it is preferable that at least the distance s between the cell main body contact portion 19b and the connector contact portion 19a is set to be substantially the same or slightly larger. By doing so, the contact between the connector abutting portion 19a and the interconnector 13 and the cell main body abutting portion 19b and the cell body 20 can be stabilized by the spacer 58 even during the period from the start of power generation to the operating temperature range. it can.

  The spacer 58 is selected from a material that is more flexible than the current collecting member 19, that is, a material that has a lower repulsive force against the load than the current collecting member 19. By following the movement of the current collecting member 19 against fluctuations, the agile movement of the current collecting member 19 is not hindered.

  The spacer 58 is formed of a material that does not sinter with the current collecting member 19 in the fuel cell operating temperature range. Therefore, the cell main body contact portion 19b and the connector contact portion 19a are in direct contact with each other. Of course, there is no risk of sintering, and there is no risk of the cell body contact portion 19b and the connector contact portion 19a being sintered via the spacer 58.

  As a material of the spacer 58 satisfying the above conditions, any one of mica, alumina, vermiculite, carbon fiber, silicon carbide fiber, and silica may be used as a main component. In addition, it is preferable to use a laminated structure of thin plate-like bodies such as mica because moderate elasticity is imparted to the load in the stacking direction. The thermal expansion coefficient of these materials is larger than the thermal expansion coefficient of a penetrating member 9a described later of the fixing means 9 or the thermal expansion coefficient of the U-shaped main body 91a of the fastening member 90 of the fourth embodiment.

In addition, the current collecting member 19 of the first embodiment has an integral structure connected by the flat plate 190 that is an assembly of the connector contact portions 19a as described above, and the spacer 58 is also coupled to this as shown in FIG. As shown in Fig. 1, one piece of material having a rectangular shape that is substantially the same width as the flat plate 190 and slightly shorter than the flat plate 190 (specifically, one (shorter than the length of the cell main body contact portion 19b + connecting portion 19c)). The portions corresponding to the cell main body contact portion 19b and the connecting portion 19c are cut out from the sheet by one horizontal row and formed in a horizontal lattice shape.
Then, this spacer 58 is overlaid on the flat plate 190 shown in FIG. 11 (b) before processing the current collecting member 19, and in this state, the connecting portion 19c is bent into a U shape as shown in the enlarged portion of FIG. By doing so, the current collecting member 19 in which the spacer 58 is previously incorporated is formed.
By the way, in the enlarged portion of FIG. 10, the cell main body abutting portion 19b is bent in a stepwise manner from the one located at the left corner portion, but this is drawn only for explaining the processing procedure. Therefore, the bending of the cell main body contact portion 19b may be performed all at once, or may be performed in order from the portion convenient for processing.

[Air chamber]
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the air chamber 16 has a rectangular frame shape and a conductive thin metal separator 23 with the electrolyte 2 attached to the lower surface thereof, and the separator 23 and the upper side. A frame-shaped insulating frame for forming an air electrode gas flow path (hereinafter also referred to as “air electrode insulating frame”) 24 that is installed between the interconnector 12 and surrounds the current collecting member 18. It is formed in a shape.

[Current collector on the air chamber side]
The current collecting member 18 on the air chamber 16 side has a long and narrow rectangular shape and is formed of a dense conductive member such as stainless steel, and contacts the air electrode 14 on the upper surface of the electrolyte 2 and the lower surface (inner surface) of the upper interconnector 12. Plural pieces are arranged in parallel and at a constant interval in contact with each other. The current collecting member 18 on the air chamber 16 side may have the same structure as the current collecting member 19 on the fuel chamber 17 side.

  As described above, the fuel cell 3 includes a combination of the lower interconnector 13, the fuel electrode insulating frame 21, the fuel electrode frame 22, the separator 23, the air electrode insulating frame 24, and the upper interconnector 12. To form the fuel chamber 17 and the air chamber 16, partition the fuel chamber 17 and the air chamber 16 with the electrolyte 2 to make them independent from each other, and further, connect the fuel electrode insulating frame 21 and the air electrode insulating frame 24 to the fuel electrode 15 side. The air electrode 14 side is electrically insulated.

  The fuel cell 3 includes an air supply channel 4 that supplies air into the air chamber 16 as described above, an air exhaust channel 5 that exhausts air as exhaust gas from the air chamber 16, and a fuel chamber. A fuel supply passage 6 for supplying fuel gas to the inside of the fuel supply passage 17 and a fuel exhaust passage 7 for discharging fuel gas as exhaust gas from the fuel chamber 17 to the outside are provided.

[Air supply flow path]
The air supply flow path 4 includes an air supply main flow path (hereinafter also referred to as “air supply main flow path”) 29 formed in the vicinity of the corner of the rectangular fuel cell 3 in the vertical direction, and the air supply main flow. An oblong lateral branch passage (hereinafter referred to as “air supply branch passage”) 30 established in the air electrode insulating frame 24 so as to intersect and communicate with the passage 29, the air supply branch passage 30 and the air chamber 16. And an air supply communication part 32 formed by recessing a plurality of upper surfaces of the partition wall 31 that partitions the air supply passage, and an air introduction passage of an air supply pipe 400 to be described later inserted into the air supply main flow path 29 The air is supplied from the outside through 25.

[Air exhaust passage]
The air exhaust flow path 5 is a vertical exhaust main flow path (hereinafter also referred to as “air exhaust main flow path”) that is vertically formed in the vicinity of a corner facing the air supply main flow path 29 of the fuel cell 3. 33, an oblong horizontal branch passage (hereinafter referred to as “air exhaust branch passage”) 34 formed in the air electrode insulating frame 24 so as to cross and communicate with the air exhaust main passage 33, and the air exhaust. An air exhaust communication portion 36 formed by recessing the upper surface of the partition wall 35 partitioning the branch flow path 34 and the air chamber 16 at a plurality of locations, and for air to be described later inserted into the air exhaust main flow path 33. The air after the power generation reaction is discharged to the outside as exhaust gas through the air exhaust passage 26 of the exhaust pipe 500.

[Fuel supply flow path]
The fuel supply flow path 6 is a fuel supply longitudinal main flow path (hereinafter referred to as “fuel supply main flow path”) that is vertically formed in the vicinity of one of the remaining two corners of the square fuel cell 3. 37), a long-hole-shaped horizontal branch passage (hereinafter referred to as “fuel supply branch passage”) 38 opened in the fuel electrode insulating frame 21 so as to communicate with the fuel supply main passage 37, and the fuel supply And a fuel supply connecting portion 40 formed by recessing a plurality of upper surfaces of the partition wall 39 partitioning the branch passage 38 and the fuel chamber 17, and for a fuel to be described later inserted into the fuel supply main passage 37. Fuel gas is supplied from the outside through the fuel introduction passage 27 of the supply pipe 600.

[Fuel exhaust passage]
The fuel exhaust passage 7 is a vertically extending main passage for fuel exhaust (hereinafter also referred to as “fuel exhaust main passage”) formed in the vicinity of a corner facing the fuel supply main passage 37 of the fuel cell 3 in the vertical direction. 41, an oblong horizontal branch passage (hereinafter referred to as “fuel exhaust branch passage”) 42 opened in the fuel electrode insulating frame 21 so as to intersect and communicate with the fuel exhaust main passage 41, and the fuel exhaust. And a fuel exhaust communication portion 44 formed by recessing the upper surface of the partition wall 43 partitioning the branch passage 42 and the fuel chamber 17 at a plurality of locations, and for a later-described fuel inserted into the fuel exhaust main passage 41. The fuel gas after the power generation reaction is discharged to the outside as exhaust gas through the fuel exhaust passage 28 of the exhaust pipe 700.

[Laminate]
The stacked body 8 is formed by stacking a plurality of the fuel cells 3 and sandwiching the upper and lower sides thereof with a pair of end plates 45a, 45b and fixing the periphery thereof with a plurality of fixing means 9, 9,. When a plurality of fuel cells 3 are stacked, the interconnector 12 above the fuel cell 3 positioned below and the interconnector 13 below the fuel cell 3 placed thereon are integrated vertically. The fuel cells 3 and 3 are shared.

[Gas supply / discharge flow path of laminate]
The laminated body 8 is formed by laminating a plurality of the fuel battery cells 3, and therefore the air supply flow path 4 of each fuel battery cell 3 is arranged in the stacking direction (vertical direction) by the air supply main flow path 29 which is a longitudinal main flow path. Similarly, the air exhaust channel 5 communicates in the stacking direction with the air exhaust main channel 29, the fuel supply channel 6 communicates with the fuel supply main channel 37 in the stacking direction, and the fuel exhaust channel 7 communicates with the fuel. The exhaust main flow passage 41 communicates in the stacking direction (vertical direction). Further, an air supply pipe 400, an air exhaust pipe 500, a fuel supply pipe 600, and a fuel exhaust pipe 700 are inserted into the main flow paths 29, 33, 37, 41, respectively.

[Air supply pipe]
The air supply pipe 400 is attached so as to penetrate the through holes (not shown) of the end plates 45 a and 45 b and the air supply main flow path 29 of the laminated body 8 in the vertical direction. The air supply pipe 400 has a hollow screw shaft shape having an air introduction passage 25 whose lower end is closed at the center of the shaft, and is fastened by nuts 11 and 11 via insulating washers 10 and 10. As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 8, the air supply pipe 400 is provided with a horizontal hole 48 that leads to the air supply main flow path 29 in correspondence with each air supply branch flow path 30. Air is supplied from the air introduction passage 25 to the air supply main passage 29 and from the air supply main passage 29 to the air supply branch passage 30.

[Air exhaust pipe]
The air exhaust pipe 500 is attached so as to penetrate through the through holes (not shown) of the end plates 45a and 45b and the air exhaust main flow path 33 of the laminated body 8 up and down. The air exhaust pipe 500 has the same structure as the air supply pipe 400, and has a hollow screw shaft shape having an air exhaust passage 26 having a closed lower end at the center of the shaft, and is provided with insulating washers 10 and 10. As shown in FIG. 8, a lateral hole 49 that is tightened by the nuts 11 and 11 and corresponding to each of the air exhaust branch flow paths 34 is provided to communicate with the air exhaust main flow path 33. The air exhaust branch passage 34 enters the air exhaust main passage 33 and then enters the air exhaust passage 26 from the air exhaust main passage 33 through the lateral hole 49 and is discharged to the outside.

[Fuel supply pipe]
The fuel supply pipe 600 is attached so as to penetrate the through holes (not shown) of the end plates 45a and 45b and the fuel supply main flow path 37 of the stacked body 8 vertically. The fuel supply pipe 600 also has the same structure as the air supply pipe 400 and has a hollow screw shaft shape having a fuel introduction passage 27 whose lower end is closed at the center of the shaft, and a nut through insulating washers 10 and 10. Further, a horizontal hole 50 is provided to be connected to each fuel supply branch flow path 38 and communicated with the fuel supply main flow path 37 as shown in FIG. Fuel is supplied from the introduction passage 27 to the fuel supply main passage 37 and from the fuel supply main passage 37 to the fuel supply branch passage 38.

[Fuel exhaust pipe]
The fuel exhaust pipe 700 is attached so as to penetrate vertically through the through holes (not shown) of the end plates 45a and 45b and the fuel exhaust main flow path 41 of the stacked body 8. The fuel exhaust pipe 700 also has the same structure as the air supply pipe 400 and has a hollow screw shaft shape having a fuel exhaust passage 28 having a closed lower end at the center of the shaft, and a nut through insulating washers 10 and 10. 9 and 11 and a horizontal hole 51 leading to the fuel exhaust main flow path 41 as shown in FIG. 9 corresponding to each fuel exhaust branch flow path 42 is provided. The fuel exhaust branch flow path 42 enters the fuel exhaust main flow path 41 and then enters the fuel exhaust passage 28 from the fuel exhaust main flow path 41 through the lateral hole 51 and is discharged to the outside.

[Fixing means]
A plurality of fixing means 9 for fixing the laminated body 8 includes a bar-like penetrating member 9a inserted into a through hole 46 penetrating the peripheral edge of the laminated body 8 in the laminating direction, as shown in an imaginary line in FIG. 1 and FIG. , And a pair of upper and lower fixing members 9b provided at both ends of the penetrating member 9a in the axial direction.

[Fixing means-penetrating member]
The penetrating member 9a has a screw shaft shape in which a male screw is formed on the outer periphery of a solid round bar, and is made of, for example, a metal such as Inconel 601 made of Ni alloy.
As shown in the plan view of FIG. 2, the penetrating member 9 a has the air supply flow path 4, the air exhaust flow path 5, and the fuel supply flow, which are the above-described four gas supply / discharge flow paths, at the periphery of the stacked body 8. The first row located on the outer edge side of the passage 6 and the fuel exhaust flow path 7 and the second row located inside the gas supply / discharge flow paths 4 to 7 are arranged side by side, in other words, the gas supply The exhaust passages 4 to 7 are arranged between the first row and the second row of penetrating members 9a. In particular, the gas supply / discharge passages 4 to 7 of the first embodiment are located at the center position between the first row and the second row of penetrating members 9a, and are the shortest distance to the first row and the second row of penetrating members 9a. Are the same.
Further, as shown in the plan view of FIG. 2, the penetrating member 9a has a zigzag shape (FIG. 2) in which the first row of penetrating members 9a and the second row of penetrating members 9a are viewed in a plane perpendicular to the stacking direction. When the first row and the second row are overlapped, the second row of penetrating members 9a are positioned between the first row of penetrating members 9a (preferably in the center of the penetrating members 9a). Arranged in a state.

[Fixing means-fixing member]
The fixing member 9b has a nut shape that is screwed into the male screw of the penetrating member 9a, and is formed of a metal such as Inconel 601 made of Ni alloy, for example. The fixing member 9b may be in the form of a nut that can be tightened up and down, or one of the upper and lower sides is fixed to the penetrating member 9a by welding or the like, or one of the upper and lower sides is connected to the penetrating member 9a like a normal bolt. You may form integrally.

[Fixing means-other]
The through member 9 a of the fixing means 9 is thinner than the diameter of the through hole 46, and a gap is formed between the through member 46. Also, insulating washers 10 and 10 are interposed between the fixing member 9b and the end plates 45a and 45b, so that the fixing means 9 and the laminated body 8 are electrically insulated. ing.

  In the fuel cell 1 of the first embodiment having the above configuration, when air is supplied to the air supply pipe 400 at a constant flow rate while the fuel supply pipe 600 is closed, the same amount as that supplied from the air exhaust pipe 500 is obtained. A flow rate of air was detected, while no outflow of air was detected from the fuel exhaust pipe 700. As a result, in the fuel cell 1 of Embodiment 1, it was confirmed that no gas leak occurred either outside or inside the laminate 8.

[Power generation]
Next, when air is supplied to the air supply channel 4 of the fuel cell 1, the air is supplied from the air supply branch channel 30 on the right side of FIG. The gas passes through the gas flow path 56 between the current collecting members 18 in the air chamber 16, and further enters the air exhaust branch flow path 34 from the left air exhaust communication portion 36 and is discharged to the outside.

At the same time, when the fuel gas is supplied to the fuel supply passage 6 of the fuel cell 1, the fuel gas is supplied from the upper fuel supply branch passage 38 in FIG. 9 to the fuel chamber 17 through the fuel supply connecting portion 40. Are diffused between the current collecting members 19, 19... Of the chamber 17, strictly speaking, gas passages 57 between the cell main body contact portions 19 b, 19 b... (See the non-hatched portion in the fuel chamber 17 in FIG. 9). Then, the fuel passes through the fuel exhaust connecting portion 44 and enters the fuel exhaust branch passage 42 and is discharged to the outside.
At this time, if the current collecting member 19 is formed of a porous metal, a metal mesh, or a wire as described above, the surface of the gas flow path 57 becomes uneven, so that the diffusibility of the fuel gas is improved.

  When the temperature of all the fuel cells 3 (stacked body 8) is raised to 700 ° C. to 1000 ° C. while supplying and exhausting such air and fuel gas, the air and the fuel gas are exchanged with the air electrode 14, the electrolyte 2, and the like. In order to cause a reaction through the fuel electrode 15, DC electric energy is generated with the air electrode 14 as a positive electrode and the fuel electrode 15 as a negative electrode. In addition, since the principle which an electrical energy generate | occur | produces in the fuel cell 3 is known, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As described above, the air electrode 14 is electrically connected to the upper interconnector 12 via the current collecting member 18, while the fuel electrode 15 is electrically connected to the lower interconnector 13 via the current collecting member 19. In addition, since the stacked body 8 is in a state in which a plurality of fuel cells 3 are stacked and connected in series, the upper end plate 45a is a positive electrode and the lower end plate 45b is a negative electrode. .

As described above, the fuel cell repeats a temperature cycle in which the temperature rises during power generation and the temperature drops due to power generation stop. Accordingly, thermal expansion and contraction are repeated for all the members constituting the fuel chamber 17 and the air chamber 16 and the fixing means 9, and accordingly, the intervals between the fuel chamber 17 and the air chamber 16 are repeatedly expanded and contracted.
Further, the fuel pressure and air pressure may also fluctuate, and the space between the fuel chamber 17 and the air chamber 16 is expanded or reduced by the deformation of the cell body 20 due to the fluctuation of the pressure.
In the first embodiment, the current collecting member 19 on the fuel chamber 17 side causes the elasticity of the connecting portion 19c and the elasticity and heat of the spacer 58 in the stacking direction to cope with such changes in the expansion direction of the fuel chamber 17 and the air chamber 16. Since the cell body 20 is pressed by the expansion, the electrical connection is stably maintained. Since the pressing of the cell body 20 by the current collecting member 19 also affects the air chamber 16 side, the electrical connection of the air chamber 16 is also stably maintained.
Further, the stress applied to the cell body 20 due to the elasticity of the connecting portion 19c of the current collecting member 19 on the fuel chamber 17 side and the contraction of the spacer 58 is relieved with respect to changes in the shrinking direction of the fuel chamber 17 and the air chamber 16. .

If the current collecting member 19 on the fuel electrode 15 side is Ni or Ni alloy, the cell main body abutting portion 19b is diffused and joined with Ni in the fuel electrode 15 in a high temperature environment during power generation. Therefore, the electrical connection by the current collecting member 19 is more stably maintained.
It is preferable to apply a NiO paste to the fuel electrode 15 to form a bonding layer. By doing so, NiO is changed to Ni by energization in H ₂ , so that the joining property of the current collecting member 19 and the fuel electrode 15 is further improved. The bonding layer may be formed by applying a Pt paste to the fuel electrode 15.

  In the first embodiment, the lower interconnector 13 is welded and joined with the flat plate 190 that is an assembly of the connector contact portions 19a. However, the interconnector 13 and the flat plate 190 are made of a high temperature environment during power generation. If a combination that allows diffusion bonding underneath (for example, Crofer 22H and Ni) or a bonding layer as described above is formed on the inner surface side of the lower interconnector 13, it is possible to operate in a high temperature environment during power generation. The interconnector 13 and the current collecting member 19 can be joined together.

[Modification of current collector]
FIGS. 13 to 16 are longitudinally omitted longitudinal sectional views of the fuel cell 3 showing a modification of the current collecting member 19 of the first embodiment. In the current collecting member 19 of the first embodiment, the connecting portion 19c is bent in a U shape so that the cell body contact portion 19b is disposed above the connector contact portion 19a, and the connector contact portion 19a and the cell body contact portion 19b are arranged. In the modification, the connecting portion 19c is inclined and the vertical position of the connector abutting portion 19a and the cell main body abutting portion 19b are completely different as shown in FIG. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 14, the current collecting member 19 has a substantially Z-shaped cross section and is arranged so that the connector abutting portion 19a and a part of the cell main body abutting portion 19b overlap with each other at different vertical positions. The spacer 58 is disposed so as to separate the contact portion 19a from the cell main body 20 and the cell main body contact portion 19b from the interconnector 13. Further, as shown in FIG. 15, the spacer 58 is interposed so as to separate the connector contact portion 19a from the cell body 20, or the spacer 58 is separated from the cell body contact portion 19b and the interconnector 13 as shown in FIG. It can also be made to intervene.
The difference in configuration between the first embodiment and the modification is as described above, and the other points are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.

[Embodiment 2]
FIG. 17 is a plan view showing the fuel cell of the second embodiment. As shown in this figure, in the fuel cell 1 of Embodiment 2, the gas supply / discharge channels 4 to 7 and the first row of through members 9a are arranged side by side. In this case, the longitudinal main passages 29, 33, 37, 41 of the gas supply / discharge passages 4 to 7 also serve as the through holes 46, and the air supply pipe 400, the air exhaust pipe 500 inserted through the through holes 46, The fuel supply pipe 600 and the fuel exhaust pipe 700 also serve as the penetrating member 9a, and the upper and lower nuts 11 and 11 also serve as the fixing member 9b.
Since points other than those described above are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted. Moreover, the part or component which attached | subjected the same code | symbol as Embodiment 1 in FIG. 17 is a part or component of the same or the same function as them.

[Embodiment 3]
FIG. 18 is a plan view showing the fuel cell of the third embodiment. As shown in this figure, in the fuel cell 1 of Embodiment 3, the gas supply / discharge passages 4 to 7 and the second row of through members 9a are arranged side by side. Also in this case, the longitudinal main passages 29, 33, 37, and 41 of the gas supply / discharge passages 4 to 7 also serve as the through holes 46, and the air supply pipe 400 and the air exhaust pipe inserted therethrough. The fuel supply pipe 600 and the fuel exhaust pipe 700 also serve as the penetrating member 9a, and the upper and lower nuts 11 and 11 also serve as the fixing member 9b.
Since points other than those described above are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted. Further, in FIG. 18, the parts or parts having the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment are parts or parts having the same or the same function.

[Embodiment 4]
A fuel cell according to Embodiment 4 will be described with reference to FIGS. In the fourth embodiment, the laminated body 8 is fixed by a plurality of (specifically, four) fastening members 90, and fixing means for fixing the laminated body 8 to the first embodiment. 9 and the configuration relating to the through hole 46 through which the penetrating member 9a of the fixing means 9 passes is different. Therefore, the portions not described below are basically the same as those in the first embodiment. 19 to 21, the same reference numerals or parts as those in FIGS. 1 to 16 indicate the same or the same functions or parts as those in the first embodiment.

[Fastening member]
The fastening member 90 for fixing the laminated body 8 includes a U-shaped main body 91a and a screw member 92a as shown in FIGS.

[Fastening member-U-shaped main body]
The U-shaped main body 91a includes a first facing portion 91b that faces the upper surface of the peripheral portion in the stacking direction of the stacked body 8, a second facing portion 91c that faces the lower surface of the peripheral portion of the stacked body 8 in the stacking direction, and a first facing portion. An end portion of the portion 91b and an end portion of the second facing portion 91c are integrally connected to each other with a connecting portion 91d facing each other with an appropriate gap between the side surface of the laminated body 8, for example, an Ni alloy Inconel 601 or the like. In addition, the U-shaped main body 91a has a smooth inner side of the corner portion constituted by the first opposing portion 91b and the connecting portion 91d and an inner side of the corner portion constituted by the second opposing portion 91c and the connecting portion 91d. The curved surface 91e is formed.

The size of one U-shaped main body 91a is slightly smaller than one side of the laminate 8, and as shown in FIG. 20, by combining the four U-shaped main bodies 91a into a square ring shape, FIG. As shown, the periphery of the laminate 8 can be substantially enclosed.
A female screw hole 91 f is formed in the first opposing portion 91 b of the U-shaped main body 91 a so that the central axis is substantially perpendicular to the upper surface of the stacked body 8.

[Tightening member-Screw member]
The screw member 92a is made of, for example, a metal such as Inconel 601 made of Ni alloy, and integrally includes a cylindrical head portion 92c with a hexagonal hole at the top of the male screw shaft 92b. In the screw member 92a, as shown in FIG. 21, the male screw shaft 92b is screwed into the female screw hole 91f, and the tip protruding from the first opposing portion 91b is the upper surface (specifically, the laminate 8). The laminated body 8 can be clamped in a state of being sandwiched between the second facing portion 91c by abutting on the upper surface of the upper end plate 45a and adjusting the tightening condition into the female screw hole 91f.

[Arrangement of female screw holes and screw members]
The female screw hole 91f and the screw member 92a are provided in large numbers with respect to the first facing portion 91b, and the arrangement thereof is a U-shaped main body 91a as shown in FIGS. Is the same as the penetrating member 9a of the first embodiment.

That is, a large number of female screw holes 91f and screw members 92a are arranged on the outer edge side of the four air supply / discharge flow paths, that is, the air supply flow path 4, the air exhaust flow path 5, the fuel supply flow path 6 and the fuel exhaust flow path 7. Are arranged side by side with the second row located inside the gas supply / discharge passages 4-7, in other words, the gas supply / discharge passages 4-7 are connected to the first row and the first row. It arrange | positions between the screw members 92a of 2 rows. In particular, the gas supply / discharge passages 4 to 7 of the fourth embodiment are located at the center position between the first row and the second row screw members 92a, and are the shortest distance to the first row and the second row screw members 92a. Are the same.
Further, as shown in the plan view of FIG. 20, the screw member 92a has a first row of screw members 92a and a second row of screw members 92a that are zigzag in plan view in a plane orthogonal to the stacking direction (FIG. 20). (Refer to the alternate long and short dash line), that is, when the first row and the second row are overlapped, the screw members 92a in the second row are located between the screw members 92a in the first row (preferably in the center of the screw members). Has been placed.

  As shown in FIG. 21, the fuel cell 1 according to the fourth embodiment described above is configured such that the vicinity of the peripheral portion of the stacked body 8 is fitted between the first facing portion 91 b and the second facing portion 91 c of the fastening member 90. By tightening the row and the second row of screw members 92a in the stacking direction, similarly to the first embodiment, it can be firmly fixed to the outside and inside of the stacked body 8 in a state in which gas leakage is difficult.

  In the fourth embodiment, a compressive stress opposite to the tensile stress acting on the penetrating member 9a of the first embodiment is applied to the screw member 92a. Thus, by making the mountain-shaped screw member 92a into a compression field, the creep strain of the screw member 92a can be reduced and the risk of creep rupture can be reduced.

As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated about Embodiment 1-4, of course, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. For example, in the first to fourth embodiments, the first row and the second row of penetrating members 9a or the first row and the second row of screw members 92a are arranged in a zigzag shape, but the first row and the second row of penetrating members. 9a or the first row and the second row of screw members 92a may be arranged side by side in a plan view as shown in FIG. However, in this case, as shown in FIG. 22, the interval L between the penetrating members 9 a or the screw members 92 a is wide in a state of crossing the gas supply / discharge passages 4 to 7. It is necessary to reduce the interval between adjacent penetrating members 9a or adjacent screw members 92a. In other words, if the penetrating members 9a in the first row and the second row or the screw members 92a in the first row and the second row are arranged in a zigzag shape in a plan view, the sealing performance can be improved efficiently with a small number. .
In the fourth embodiment, the screw member 92a is provided only in the first facing portion 91b. However, the screw member 92a may be provided only in the second facing portion 91c, or may be provided in both the first facing portion 91b and the second facing portion 91c. Also good.
In the embodiment, the curved surface 91e of the corner portion of the U-shaped main body 91a is formed on each of the first facing portion 91b and the second facing portion 91c. However, the curved surface 91e may be provided only on one of the corner portions. . In addition, by forming the inside of the corner portion with a smooth curved surface, there is an effect that loosening of the screw member 92a due to heat during power generation is reduced.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fuel cell 3 ... Fuel cell 4 ... Air supply flow path (gas supply / discharge flow path)
5… Air exhaust passage (gas supply / exhaust passage)
6 ... Fuel supply flow path (gas supply / discharge flow path)
7. Fuel exhaust passage (gas supply / exhaust passage)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 8 ... Laminated body 9a ... Penetrating member 9b ... Fixed member 46 ... Through-hole 90 ... Fastening member 91b ... 1st opposing part 91c ... 2nd opposing part 91d ... Connection part 91f ... Female screw hole 92a ... Screw member

Claims (7)

A laminate formed by laminating a plurality of flat fuel cells, and
The fuel cell is disposed at a peripheral portion of the stacked body and passes through the stacked body in the stacking direction to supply a reaction gas used for a power generation reaction to each of the fuel cells or exhaust gas after the power generation reaction. A gas supply / discharge passage for discharging from the cell;
A rod-like penetrating member inserted into a through-hole penetrating the peripheral edge of the laminate along the laminating direction;
Fixing members provided at both ends in the axial direction of the penetrating member,
The fuel cell in which the stack is clamped from both ends in the stacking direction via the penetrating member and the fixing member,
The penetrating member is
In the peripheral portion of the laminate, the first row is arranged on the outer edge side located outside the peripheral portion, and the second row is arranged in the second row on the inner edge side located inside the outer edge side,
The gas supply / discharge channel is
The fuel cell, wherein the fuel cell is arranged at a position side by side with the penetrating members in the first row or the second row, or at a position between the penetrating members in the first row and the second row.   The gas supply / discharge flow path is disposed at a position between the penetrating members of the first row and the second row, and further from the gas supply / discharge flow passage, the first row and the second row. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the shortest distance to the penetrating member is the same.   The gas supply / exhaust flow path is disposed at a position side by side with the first row of through members, and further, the gas supply / exhaust channel is inserted into at least a part of the through holes into which the first row of through members are inserted. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a flow path is provided.   The penetrating member in the first row and the penetrating member in the second row are arranged in a zigzag shape in a plan view on a plane orthogonal to the stacking direction. 2. The fuel cell according to item 1. A laminate formed by laminating a plurality of flat fuel cells, and
The fuel cell is disposed at the periphery of the laminate and passes through the laminate in the stacking direction to supply a reaction gas used for power generation reaction to each of the fuel cells, or exhaust gas after the power generation reaction is supplied to the fuel cell. A gas supply / discharge flow path for discharging more,
A fastening member for fastening the laminate from both ends in the lamination direction;
A fuel cell comprising:
The fastening member is
In the peripheral portion of the laminate, a first facing portion facing one surface of both ends of the laminate in the stacking direction;
In the peripheral portion, a second facing portion facing the other surface at both ends in the stacking direction of the stacked body;
A connecting portion that integrally connects the end portion of the first facing portion and the end portion of the second facing portion to face the side surface of the laminate;
First column corresponding to the outer edge of the first opposing portion and the second is formed into at least one of the opposing portions penetrating toward the one surface or the other surface of the laminate and the laminate And a plurality of female screw holes formed in a second row corresponding to the inner edge side,
Screwed into the female screw hole, the tip abuts against the one surface or the other surface of the laminate, and is divided into the first row and the second row by tightening into the female screw hole. A plurality of screw members capable of fastening the laminate in the lamination direction,
The gas supply / discharge channel is
The fuel cell, wherein the fuel cell is arranged at a position side by side with the screw members in the first row or the second row, or at a position between the screw members in the first row and the second row. The gas supply / discharge flow path is disposed at a position between the screw members of the first row and the second row, and when projected onto a plane perpendicular to the stacking direction along the stacking direction, 6. The fuel cell according to claim 5, wherein the shortest projection distance from the gas supply / discharge flow path to the screw members in the first row and the second row is the same.   The screw member in the first row and the screw member in the second row are arranged in a zigzag shape in a plan view on a plane orthogonal to the stacking direction. Fuel cell.

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