JP5716173B2 - 病原性因子産生抑制剤 - Google Patents
病原性因子産生抑制剤 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Landscapes
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Description
1. 病原性細菌の増殖を阻害することなく、当該病原性細菌による病原性因子の産生を抑制するための、抗菌作用を有しない医薬・農薬組成物であって、
有効成分として1)レブリン酸及びその塩、2)タングステン酸及びその塩、3)ベンゾイルアセトン、4)ポリリン酸及びその塩及び5)アセチルアセトンの少なくとも1種を含む病原性因子産生抑制剤。
2.pHが6〜8である、請求項1に記載の病原性因子産生抑制剤。
3. 病原性細菌が、クオラムセンシングを有するものである、請求項1に記載の病原性因子産生抑制剤。
中和したレブリン酸の抗菌作用について調べた。緑膿菌に対するレブリン酸の最小発育阻止濃度(MIC)は1.5mg/mlであることが知られている。しかし、これはレブリン酸を中和せずに用いた結果であるため、酸としての効果でレブリン酸自体に抗菌活性はないことも考えられる。実際に投与する際には、患部に刺激性を与えないように中和する必要があるため、中和したレブリン酸(pH7.0)の抗菌作用を調べた。レブリン酸を純水50mLに溶解した後、濃度2Nの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を滴下することによってpH7.0に調節した。中和したレブリン酸を50mM(5.8mg/ml)、100mM(11.6mg/ml)となるようにLuria−Bertani medium(LB培地)を調製し、緑膿菌を接種してから48時間、37℃で培養した。培養終了後、吸光度(490nm)を測定し菌体量とした。レブリン酸無添加の培地と比較した結果を表1に示す。
病原性細菌として緑膿菌を用いて、その病原性因子産生抑制効果を調べた。
実施例1と同様にしてレブリン酸又はタングステン酸ナトリウムの水溶液をpH7.0に調製し、100mMまでの濃度になるようにLB培地を作製し、緑膿菌(Pseudomonas
aeruginosa)を37℃で96時間培養した。培養後、菌体増殖量を吸光光度計(波長490nm)で測定した。また、緑膿菌から産生される病原性因子であるピオシアニンの量は、遠心分離によって菌体を除去し、得られた上澄み液をクロロホルムで抽出した後、0.2M HCl中に溶出させた溶液の吸光度(波長570nm)を測定して求めた。その結果を表2に示す。
レブリン酸は、従前より抗菌性を有すること自体は既に知られているが、実施例1及び2からも明らかなように、酸性度の高いレブリン酸を中和して投与すると抗菌活性は消失していることがわかる。つまり、従来技術としてのレブリン酸の利用は、酸として抗菌作用を発現させるものであるのに対し、本発明では病原性因子産生抑制作用を発現させていることがわかる。
レブリン酸及びタングステン酸ナトリウムの両者を併用したほかは、実施例2と同様にして実験を行った。その結果を表3に示す。
黄色ブドウ球菌での効果を調べた。黄色ブドウ球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)をLB培地で培養した後、遠心分離によって得た培養上清を用い、溶血活性(毒素)を測定した。代表例としてレブリン酸を用いた結果を表4に示す。
ベンゾイルアセトンの機能について下記の方法によってそれぞれ調べた。ポリリン酸の合成は、ポリリン酸キナーゼ(PPK)という酵素が行っており、この酵素はマグネシウムを要求する。ベンゾイルアセトンにはマグネシウムを奪い去る性質があるため、ポリリン酸キナーゼ活性を抑制し、細胞内のポリリン酸蓄積量を低下させることが期待され、ひいてはオートインデューサー合成の抑制効果も期待される。そこで、ベンゾイルアセトンの機能について下記の実験を実施した。
黄色ブドウ球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)をTSB培地(トリプチックソイブロス)で低細胞密度(吸光度600nm=0.9)まで培養した後、遠心分離によって菌体を回収した後、ベンゾイルアセトンを含むTSB培地に懸濁し、高細胞密度(吸光度600nm=1.8)となるように調製した。ベンゾイルアセトンの添加は、100ミリモル/リットル(以下 mMと略す)となるように蒸留水に溶解し、2モル/リットルの水酸化ナトリウムによってpH=7.0に調製し、最終濃度が10mMとなるように添加して行った。その後3時間培養を行った後、細胞内ポリリン酸蓄積量の増加量を測定した。その結果を図1に示す。図1の結果からも明らかなように、ベンゾイルアセトンは、大幅に細胞内ポリリン酸蓄積量を減少させることがわかる。
上記の実験で、実際にオートインデューサーの合成も抑制されていることを確かめることにした。オートインデューサー合成関連遺伝子(agrB)が読み取られてmRNA(メッセンジャーRNA)に転写され、転写されたmRNAがタンパク質に変換されるので、このmRNA量の減少は、実際にオートインデューサーの合成量が減少していることを意味している。そこで、オートインデューサー合成関連遺伝子(agrB)のmRNA量を定量的PCR(real−time PCR)法によって調べた。その結果を図2に示す。ベンゾイルアセトはオートインデューサー合成関連遺伝子のmRNAの転写も明らかに抑制していた。つまり、ベンゾイルアセトは細胞内に蓄積するポリリン酸量を減少させることによってオートインデューサーの合成を抑制していることが示され、これが毒素産生抑制効果をもたらすことがわかる。
実施例5において、病原性因子産生抑制剤として期待できるベンゾイルアセトン、アセチルアセトン及びポリリン酸(以下これらを「阻害剤」と総称する。)の機能について調べた。
BHI培地(Brain Heart Infusion)にリステリア菌を接種し、37℃で3時間培養した。その後、培養液中の阻害剤濃度が1mMとなるように調製し、遠心分離(7500rpm、4℃、5分)を4回繰り返し集菌した。回収した菌体に、L−グルタミンを添加してあるRPMI1640培地20mLと阻害剤が1mMになるように加え、さらに37℃で2時間培養を行った。培養終了後、培養液を遠心分離(7500rpm、4℃、10分)し、上清をCellulose Acetateメンブレンフィルター(ポアサイズ0.2μm)で限外濾過し、1mLに濃縮した。この溶液を用いて溶血活性を測定した。その結果を表5に示す。
ポリリン酸(トリリン酸)の濃度が50mMあるいは100mM(pH7.0)となるように培地に添加した。その他の方法は実施例2と同様にして行った。その結果を表6に示す。
Claims (3)
- 病原性細菌の増殖を阻害することなく、当該病原性細菌による病原性因子の産生を抑制するための、抗菌作用を有しない医薬・農薬組成物であって、
有効成分として1)レブリン酸及びその塩、2)タングステン酸及びその塩、3)ベンゾイルアセトン、4)ポリリン酸及びその塩及び5)アセチルアセトンの少なくとも1種を含む病原性因子産生抑制剤。 - pHが6〜8である、請求項1に記載の病原性因子産生抑制剤。
- 病原性細菌が、クオラムセンシングを有するものである、請求項1に記載の病原性因子産生抑制剤。
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