JP5678364B2 - Printed material capable of authenticating authenticity, manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method thereof, authentication apparatus for printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity and authentication method thereof - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity for valuable printed matter such as securities, various certificates and important documents for the prevention of counterfeiting, an apparatus for manufacturing the same, a manufacturing method thereof, an authentication apparatus for printed matter capable of determining authenticity, and It relates to the authentication method.

  Countermeasures against counterfeiting and alteration are important elements in printed materials such as securities, various certificates and important documents. As a main forgery and alteration prevention measure, there is a method of embedding invisible information into a printed material by some means and reading the invisible information by some means.

  Today, there are various methods and means depending on the sensor for reading. As a mechanical reading inspection method for printed matter, there are mainly used functional inks such as magnetic ink, infrared reflection absorption ink and fluorescent ink, and detection of materials such as fibers, materials and chemicals forming a printing medium. However, these technologies are caused by specific electromagnetic waves that cannot be detected by humans. Many of these technologies depend on the material suitability for producing printed matter, and are only applied to products that are economical in terms of production cost. I can't.

  On the other hand, as a method not particularly considering the production cost of the printed matter, there is an optical reading method for a pattern on the printed matter to which a printing material such as a visible general printing ink can be applied. As comparatively easy optical reading methods, OCR, OMR, barcode, two-dimensional code, etc. are known, but the figures used in these optical reading methods do not have any design properties and are not available in existing products. When used, it is required to change the design and specifications.

  In addition, these optical reading methods are also widely available in the market, and since the codes can be seen as printed lines, there is a risk of decoding and tampering. It is enough.

  Furthermore, there is a series of techniques generally called electronic watermarks as a method for providing reading information without changing the design such as the design by the optical reading method. The electronic watermark is also referred to as a concealed image or a digital watermark, and is a technology for embedding copyright information in a document file or a printed material in a copy technology or a DTP technology with advanced functions. As a well-known representative technique for printed materials, there is a method called frequency utilization type.

  Electronic watermarks are said to have little deterioration in frequency characteristics even in duplicates. Recently, digital watermarks are often applied to digital images distributed on the Internet for the purpose of copyright protection. In addition, since it has an effect on printed matter, it is often used for posters.

  It is a continuous gradation (photographic gradation) pattern that an electronic watermark can exert the most effect. Since the continuous tone (photo gradation) pattern is multi-valued image data, there is sufficient redundancy, so not only the frequency-based type but also the pixel replacement type, the pixel space usage type, the quantization error diffusion type, etc. A method is proposed, and there are many literatures and patent applications.

  However, since many electronic watermarks are designed for image resolution of general commercial printing, there is a feature that the original information is copied as it is in the duplicate, and as a measure to show the copyright of the duplicate Is suitable, but the original and the copy cannot be distinguished, and it is insufficient as a technique for authenticating the article.

  Therefore, the present inventors have described "a printed matter and a discrimination method capable of determining authenticity and a method for embedding information in the printed matter" (Patent Document 1), "a printed matter and a discrimination method capable of determining authenticity, and the printed matter." According to the “embedding method of information” (patent document 2) and “printed material and authentication method of the printed material” (patent document 3), a print image line composed of a free curve group such as a background pattern and a colored pattern is mechanically generated. There has already been filed a printed matter characterized by identification. However, since these inventions are techniques applied to a chromatic pattern by line expression, they cannot be applied to a continuous gradation (photographic gradation) pattern.

JP 2003-200367 A JP 2006-246134 A WO2006 / 106677

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the present invention is a level in which human beings cannot visually recognize high-brightness color components constituting the printed material in valuable printed materials such as securities, various certificates and important documents. The purpose of this is to give predetermined information to be embedded without impairing the artistic effect on the printed matter. In addition, in order to strengthen the signal of information used in the conventional information embedding / reading technology, a true regularity is achieved by giving a highly regular image line a concentric image line structure with high regularity. It is an object of the present invention to provide a printed material that can be falsely identified, an apparatus for producing the printed material, a method for producing the printed material, an authentication apparatus for the printed material that is capable of authenticating the authenticity, and an authentication method thereof.

  The printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity of the present invention is a printed image composed of a plurality of line images composed of different color elements, and the plurality of line images have a color element with high brightness and a color element with low brightness, A frequency component corresponding to the information to be embedded when frequency analysis is performed on a line image composed of color elements with high brightness among a plurality of line images. The color components of a plurality of line images have different hues, and line images composed of color elements with high brightness extract frequency components according to the information to be embedded. A line image made of a dye having a lower brightness than a line image made of a color element having a high brightness is formed by at least one region in which concentric circles having a predetermined interval set to be arranged are arranged. Different from Wherein the image line groups forming the Jo is formed by at least one region is arranged.

  The interval between the lines of concentric circles in the printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity according to the present invention is selected from a plurality of preset intervals set for each piece of information to be embedded.

  The printed matter according to the present invention is characterized in that the image area ratio of concentric circles is 5% or more and less than 96%, and is formed with a uniform image area ratio.

  The printed matter according to the present invention can be used to represent black and white gradations by continuously varying the thickness or thinness of a plurality of line drawings. It is characterized by being.

  The printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity according to the present invention is characterized in that a line image composed of color elements having low brightness has an image line shape in which dot patterns or lines and dots are mixed.

  In the printed matter of the present invention, the area where the concentric circles are arranged is divided into a plurality of areas, and each of the divided areas is formed with a concentric circle line sharing the same center point. The interval between the drawn lines of the concentric circles in each region is different for each region.

  In the printed matter capable of determining authenticity of the present invention, the region where the concentric circles are arranged is divided into a plurality of regions, and each of the divided regions has a different center point for each region, and concentric circles are formed. The interval between the lines of concentric circles in each of the divided areas is different for each area.

  In the printed matter of the present invention, the region where the concentric circles are arranged is divided into a plurality of ring shapes, and each of the divided regions is formed with concentric circles sharing the same center point. In the boundary of each of the divided areas, an interpolation area is provided which is composed of an average value of the interval between concentric circles provided in one adjacent area and the interval between concentric circles provided in the other area. It is characterized by the continuity of concentric lines.

  The printed matter capable of determining authenticity of the present invention is characterized in that the interval between the lines of concentric circles is 50 μm to 350 μm.

  An apparatus for producing a printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity according to the present invention, comprising: information input means for inputting information on concentric lines having a predetermined interval set so that frequency components corresponding to information to be embedded are extracted; Information on concentric circles having a predetermined interval set so that a frequency component corresponding to information to be embedded is extracted is input by the information input means, and generates the concentric circle line data, Image synthesizing means for generating concentric circle line data as a document file, and output means for outputting the document file from a document file by overlapping with a predetermined color ink.

  The authenticity can be determined according to any one of claims 1 to 9, using the apparatus for producing a printed matter capable of determining authenticity, comprising the information input means, information embedding means, image composition means, and output means of the present invention. A method for producing printed matter, comprising: inputting information on concentric lines having a predetermined interval set so that a frequency component corresponding to information to be embedded is extracted by information input means; and by information embedding means Generating concentric circle line data from the extracted information, writing the concentric circle line data to a document file by an image synthesis means, and outputting the document file from the document file to a substrate with a predetermined color ink by an output means. It has the step which outputs by overprinting, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  The interval between the lines of concentric lines in the method for producing a printed matter capable of authenticity determination according to the present invention is selected from a plurality of preset intervals set for each piece of information to be embedded.

  An authentication apparatus for printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity according to the present invention, comprising: a reading unit that reads a print image in which predetermined information to be embedded is embedded as a color image; and a gray color element having high brightness from the read color image. Color separation means for extracting a scale image, conversion means for Fourier transforming the extracted gray scale image to generate an FFT pattern, analysis means for extracting a frequency component from the FFT pattern, and memory for storing authenticity determination data And a determination means for authenticating a printed matter that can be determined as authenticity by comparing and comparing the frequency component and the authenticity determination data stored in the storage means.

  The authenticity according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the authenticating apparatus for authenticating printed matter comprising the reading means, color separation means, conversion means, analysis means, storage means and determination means of the present invention is used. A method of authenticating a printed matter that can be falsely determined, comprising: a step of reading a print image in which predetermined information to be embedded is embedded as a color image by a reading unit; and a step of reading brightness from a color image read by a color separation unit. A step of extracting a gray scale image of a high color element, a step of generating an FFT pattern by Fourier transforming the extracted gray scale image by a conversion unit, and a step of extracting a frequency component from the FFT pattern by an analysis unit; The frequency component extracted by the determination unit is compared with the authenticity determination data stored in the storage unit. Wherein the authenticity discrimination possible prints is authenticated by matching.

  According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, information to be embedded is determined in advance in a color component having high brightness that constitutes a printed matter that can be determined as authenticity so that it cannot be recognized by human vision. It is possible to detect the embedded information in a digital device such as a scanner or a copying machine, and by performing operations such as extraction of a predetermined color component, Fourier transform, and extraction of a specific frequency on the digital device. It becomes possible to analyze the embedded information.

  Further, in the image line used in the present invention, it is impossible to recognize the information embedded in the printed matter that can be determined as authenticity by human vision. It is possible to give information to any subject without reducing the image.

  In addition, since the interval between the lines of the concentric circles in the present invention is 50 μm to 350 μm, it is not visually recognized by the naked eye, and exhibits an anti-counterfeit effect even in a color copying machine or the like. Moreover, the level which cannot be visually recognized with the naked eye of the drawing line of a concentric circle line improves by making the line drawing line formed on the drawing line of a concentric circle line into a color element with low brightness. Furthermore, by making the line drawing line formed on the drawing line of the concentric circle line with a low-brightness color element and a drawing line that rises from the printing surface, it cannot be seen with the naked eye of the drawing line of the concentric circle line. The level is further improved.

  Furthermore, compared to the technology that embeds and reads invisible information described in the background art, the signal strength of the information is very high because a highly regular image line is given a highly concentric image line configuration. It becomes large, and it becomes possible to give information with excellent readability.

  Because of these effects, the present invention provides an action such as reading invisible information given to valuable prints such as securities, various certificates and important documents by a digital device and stopping the operation of the digital device based on the information. It becomes effective to start.

It is a comparison figure of an RGB color image and the image of a line drawing state. It is the figure where the line composition of line image C1 and line image C2 was shown. It is the figure where the printed image 2 obtained by printing the line image C1 and the line image C2 on the base material with each arbitrary color ink was shown. It is the figure which showed the RGB pattern of the printed image of this invention, and the FFT pattern in the frequency analysis. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view showing an image line configuration of one high-lightness color ink in the present invention, and a partial enlarged view showing an image line configuration of another high-lightness color ink. It is the figure where the image which consists of low brightness color ink and the image which consists of high brightness color ink printed on the base material with each color ink, and was reconstructed on printed matter. It is the figure in which one printed image in this invention and the FFT pattern in the frequency analysis were shown. It is the figure where the other printed image in this invention and the FFT pattern in the frequency analysis were shown. It is the figure where the drawing line structure comprised by the three types of area | region where the center point of each concentric circle line is arrange | positioned equally is shown. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an image line configuration constituted by three types of regions in which the center points of the respective concentric circles are equal and the area of the regions is evenly arranged. It is the figure where the drawing line structure comprised by three types of area | regions which the center point P of each concentric circle line differs and has the same area | region area is shown. It is the figure where the center point P of each concentric circle line is equal, and the drawing line structure comprised by three types of area | regions arrange | positioned at ring shape was shown. It is a block diagram of a manufacturing apparatus in the present invention. It is the flowchart in which the preparation process step in this invention was shown. It is a block diagram of the authentication apparatus in this invention. It is the flowchart in which the authentication process step in this invention was shown. It is a data table in which information to be embedded is registered.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings based on examples. FIG. 1A is a 24-bit RGB color image having a resolution of 400 dpi of 21.7 mm × 21.7 mm. A line image C1 shown in FIG. 1B is obtained by reconstructing the original image 1 into a line drawing state using a line screen having a screen angle of 45 degrees obliquely, for example. That is, the line image C1 shown in FIG. 1 (b) expresses the black and white gradation of the original image 1 shown in FIG. 1 (a) by continuous differences in thickness or thinness of a plurality of line drawings. Is.

In the line image C1 shown in FIG. 2A, as shown in the partial enlarged view (in a circle), continuous gradation is constituted by the difference in the line width. On the other hand, the line image C2 shown in FIG. 2 (b) is composed of a plurality of concentric circles as predetermined information to be embedded. As shown in the partial enlarged view (inside the circle), it is constituted by a graphic area A arranged in concentric circles having an interval d _{1 of} 80 μm. The line area ratio of the line image C2 is about 50%. The line area ratio of the graphic region A of the line image C2 is 5% or more and less than 96%, and the line area ratio is not limited in that range. The printed image 2 is obtained by printing the line image C1 and the image C2 in an overlapping manner.

  FIG. 3 shows a printed image 2 obtained by overlapping the line image C1 shown in FIG. 2A and the line image C2 shown in FIG. It is shown. The brightness of the line image C2 is higher than that of the line image C1. Thereby, it is camouflaged by the line image C1 that the print image 2 is composed of concentric circles. In order to prevent the line image C2 from being visually recognized by the naked eye, it is preferable to overprint the line image C1 on the line image C2. For example, it is appropriate to use low-lightness color ink such as black, brown, or moss green for the line image C1. On the other hand, for the line image C2, it is appropriate to use color inks of high brightness such as yellow, ocher, and light purple. Further, although it is desirable that the color inks used for the line image C1 and the image C2 have different hues, it is not always necessary to be different. The level at which the line image C2 is not visually recognized by the naked eye is further improved by making the line image C1 a swelled image line. It is preferable that the height of the raised line of the line drawing C1 is 3 μm to 150 μm. The printing method of the swelled image line is not particularly limited, and is not particularly limited, such as intaglio printing, screen printing, offset printing, and printer. In the case of forming a raised image line of the line image C1, intaglio printing and screen printing are preferable. The low brightness described above preferably has an L value of L * a * b * color table system of 70 or more. The high brightness described above means that the L value of L * a * b * color table system is 50. The following is preferred. However, this is only a guideline, and it is desirable that the color ink of low lightness and color ink of high lightness should have a sufficient effect if the L value of the L * a * b * color table system is at least 20 or more apart. Further, the printing method of the line image C2 is not particularly limited. Furthermore, it is preferable that the space | interval of the drawing line of a concentric circle line is 50 micrometers-350 micrometers so that line drawing C2 may not be visually recognized with the naked eye.

Graphic region A of the line image C2 that are on the printed material is arranged in concentric line screen consisting distance d ₁ of 80 [mu] m, concentric parallel line constituting a graphic region A is printed in subfraction line and high lightness color inks Therefore, it cannot be visually recognized that it is composed of concentric lines. Furthermore, since the line images C1 having low brightness are overprinted, they become a camouflage pattern, and the concentric circles constituting the graphic area A are not visually recognized.

The print image 2 shown in FIG. 3 is inputted with a resolution of 1200 dpi by an optical scanner, and a 24-bit RGB image composed of 1024 × 1024 pixels shown in FIG. 4A is generated. Region A of the line image C2 in the printed matter on shown in FIG. 2 (b), are arranged in a concentric line screen consisting distance d ₁ of 80 [mu] m, is concentric parallel line constituting the region A and subfraction lines, brightness Since it is printed with high color ink, it cannot be visually recognized that it is composed of concentric circles. Furthermore, since the line images C1 having low brightness are simultaneously overprinted, they become a camouflage pattern, and the concentric circles constituting the area A are not visually recognized. The line image C1 is formed by a group of image lines having a shape different from that of the concentric circular line composed of frequency components different from the frequency component of the concentric circular line forming the line image C2. FIG. 4B is an FFT pattern obtained by Fourier transform of the B channel in the RGB image shown in FIG. In addition, in order to explain the feature of the spatial frequency in an easy-to-understand manner, a frequency intensity graph is superimposed and displayed in the fourth quadrant of the FFT pattern in FIG. As shown in frequency intensity graph of FIG. 4 (b), the inverse spatial distance q _d1 intensity peaks are observed. This is the distance d ₁ as shown in FIG. 2 (b) appeared on the reciprocal space. For inverse spatial distance of the intensity peaks on FFT patterns, various parameters relating to image input, i.e., when a 80μm spacing d ₁ of included in the area A located on printed matter shown in FIG. 2 (b) was the actual spatial distance If the number of pixels on one side of the image and the resolution of the image are known, the following equation 1 can be used for easy calculation.

Since the RGB image in FIG. 4A includes the region A shown in FIG. 2B, the inverse spatial distance q _{d1 of the} intensity peak caused by the interval d ₁ between the lines of the concentric lines in the region A is provided. Appears at a position of 271 pixels from the center of the FFT pattern as shown in FIG.

FIG. 5A is a partially enlarged view (in a circle) showing the image line configuration of the line image C2 ′. Line image C2 'is equal to the image line area ratio of the line image C2 of FIG. 2 (b), a region A arranged in concentric line screen consisting distance _{d 1} of 80 [mu] m, concentric Over 70 consisting of spacing _{d 2} of 100μm It is comprised by the area | region B arrange | positioned with the line. On the other hand, FIG. 5B is a partially enlarged view (in a circle) showing the line drawing configuration of the line image C2 ″. The line image C2 ″ is the line area ratio of the line image C2 in FIG. And a region A arranged by concentric circles having a spacing d _{1 of} 80 μm, a region B arranged by concentric circles having a spacing d _{2 of} 100 μm, and a concentric circles having a spacing d _{3 of} 130 μm. It is comprised by the area | region C arrange | positioned. Moreover, there is no restriction | limiting in the arrangement | positioning of each area | region, The position of the center of a concentric circle line may be different. Further, the line area ratios of the line image C2 ′ and the line image C2 ″ are about 50%. The line area ratios of the graphic area A, the graphic area B, and the graphic area C are equal, and the line area ratio is It is 5% or more and less than 96%, and there is no restriction on the image area ratio in that range.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state in which each line image is printed on a base material with low-brightness color ink and high-brightness color ink and reconstructed on a printed matter. FIG. 6A shows a printed image 3 obtained by printing the line image C1 shown in FIG. 3 and the line image C2 ′ shown in FIG. It is shown. On the other hand, FIG. 6B shows a printed image 4 obtained by overlaying the line image C1 shown in FIG. 3 and the line image C2 ″ shown in FIG. 5B on the substrate with the respective color inks. Is shown.

The print image 3 shown in FIG. 6A is input by an optical scanner at a resolution of 1200 dpi, and a 24-bit RGB image consisting of 1024 × 1024 pixels shown in FIG. 7A is generated. . The area A of the image made of high-intensity color ink on the printed material shown in FIG. 5A is arranged by concentric circles having an interval d _{1 of} 80 μm, and the area B is made of an interval d _{2 of} 100 μm. The concentric circles arranged in concentric circles and constituting the regions A and B are thin lines and printed with color ink with high brightness, so that it is not visually recognized that they are constituted by concentric circles. Further, since the line images C1 having low brightness are simultaneously overprinted, they become a camouflage pattern, and the concentric circles constituting the areas A and B are not visually recognized. The line image C1 is formed by a straight line, a curved line, a free curve, a point, and / or a dot pattern (halftone dot) composed of frequency components different from the frequency components of the concentric circles forming the line image C2 ′. . FIG. 7B is an FFT pattern obtained by Fourier transforming the B channel in the RGB image shown in FIG. As in FIG. 4, in order to explain the feature of the spatial frequency in an easy-to-understand manner, a frequency intensity graph is superimposed on the fourth quadrant of the FFT pattern in FIG. 7B. As shown in the frequency intensity graph of FIG. 7B, the inverse spatial distance q _d1 and the inverse spatial distance q _d2 of the intensity peak can be seen.

As shown in the calculation of Equation 1, since the RGB image in FIG. 7A includes the area A shown in FIG. 5A, the interval between the lines of concentric lines in the area A is as follows. The inverse spatial distance q _d1 of the intensity peak caused by d ₁ appears at a position of 271 pixels from the center of the FFT pattern, as shown in FIG. 7B. Furthermore, because it includes also the region B to the RGB images shown in FIGS. 5 (a) of FIG. 7 (a), the inverse of the intensity peaks resulting spacing d ₂ of streaking concentric parallel line provided in the region B The spatial distance q _d2 appears at a position of 217 pixels from the center of the FFT pattern as shown in FIG.

On the other hand, the printed image 4 shown in FIG. 6B is input with a resolution of 1200 dpi by an optical scanner, and a 24-bit RGB image consisting of 1024 × 1024 pixels shown in FIG. 8A is generated. Is done. Region A of the line image C2 "that is on the printed matter shown in FIG. 5 (b), are arranged in a concentric line screen consisting distance _{d 1} of 80 [mu] m, region B is a concentric line screen consisting distance _{d 2} of 100μm are arranged, the region C are arranged in concentric line screen consisting distance d ₃ of 130 .mu.m, the area a, the concentric parallel line constituting the regions B and C, are printed in subfraction line and high lightness color inks Therefore, it cannot be visually recognized that it is composed of concentric lines, and since the line images C1 with low brightness are simultaneously printed, they form a camouflage pattern, which constitutes the areas A, B, and C. A concentric circle is not visually recognized. The line image C1 includes a straight line, a curved line, a free curve, a point and / or a frequency line having a frequency component different from the frequency component of the concentric line forming the line image C2 ″. Or dot pad Formed by over emissions (dot). FIG. 8B is an FFT pattern obtained by Fourier transforming the B channel of the RGB image shown in FIG. As in FIG. 4, in order to explain the feature of the spatial frequency in an easy-to-understand manner, a frequency intensity graph is superimposed on the fourth quadrant of the FFT pattern in FIG. 8B. As shown in the frequency intensity graph of FIG. 8B, the inverse spatial distance _qd1 , the inverse spatial distance _qd2, and the inverse spatial distance _qd3 of the intensity peak are seen.

As shown in the calculation of Equation 1, since the RGB image in FIG. 8A includes the area A shown in FIG. 5B, the interval between the lines of the concentric lines in the area A The inverse spatial distance q _d1 of the intensity peak caused by d ₁ appears at a position of 271 pixels from the center of the FFT pattern, as shown in FIG. 8B. Furthermore, because it includes also the region B to the RGB image shown in FIG. 5 (b) in FIG. 8 (a), the inverse of the intensity peaks resulting spacing d ₂ of streaking concentric parallel line provided in the region B The spatial distance _qd2 appears at a position of 217 pixels from the center of the FFT pattern as shown in FIG. 8B. Furthermore, because it also contains regions C shown in FIG. 5 (b) in the RGB image of FIG. 8 (a), the intensity peaks resulting interval d ₃ streaks concentric parallel line provided in the region C The inverse spatial distance q _d3 appears at a position of 167 pixels from the center of the FFT pattern as shown in FIG.

  Thus, by including concentric circles in an arbitrary region, the characteristics of the spatial frequency of the concentric circles are shown as intensity peaks in the FFT pattern. Note that the position of the intensity peak varies depending on the interval between the drawing lines of the concentric circles. The difference in the pattern can be identified as information by the difference in the position of the intensity peak in the FFT pattern.

  Thus, by including a concentric circle in a region having a high lightness color element, the spatial frequency of the concentric circle that is camouflaged by another region having a low lightness color element and emphasized by a specific color filter These features are shown as intensity peaks in the FFT pattern. Note that the position of the intensity peak varies depending on the interval between the drawing lines of the concentric circles. The difference in pattern can be identified by the difference in the position of the intensity peak in this FFT pattern. In addition, as long as the area | region which has a color element with high lightness, and the other area | region which has a color element with low lightness satisfy | fill the conditions that a hue differs, each color will not be limited at all. Further, the line shape of the line image C2, line image C2 ′, or line image C2 ″ can be seen in a normal printed matter even if it is a black and white gradation due to a continuous difference in thickness or thinness of a plurality of line drawings. Even if it is a dot pattern, it may be a line shape in which lines and dots are mixed, and the line shape is not limited in any way.

  In the above description, a concentric circle is formed with a predetermined color element having the highest brightness, and a dot pattern is formed with the remaining color elements, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described configuration, Among the color elements, a predetermined color element having the highest brightness is extracted, and concentric circles having predetermined intervals set so that a frequency component corresponding to information to be embedded in an image composed of the predetermined color elements is extracted. The image may be formed by at least one region in which lines are arranged, and an image composed of the remaining color elements is arranged with an image line group having a shape different from that of the concentric circles. The image line group in which the image composed of the remaining color elements has a shape different from that of the concentric circle lines is preferably formed by at least one of a direct image line and a dot pattern. Moreover, it is preferable that the space | interval of the drawing line of a concentric circle line is 50 micrometers-350 micrometers. The same applies to the printed materials of the first and second embodiments described below that can authenticate authenticity.

The interval between the lines of concentric circles in the printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity of the present invention is selected from a plurality of preset intervals for each piece of information to be embedded.
For example, as shown in the data table of FIG. 17, Code 1 is applied as data for obtaining the FFT pattern shown in FIG. 4B, and the FFT pattern shown in FIG. Code 2 is applied as data for obtaining, and Code 3 is applied as data for obtaining the FFT pattern shown in FIG. The more information that should be embedded in this data table is registered, the more information for authenticity determination can be utilized.

  The present invention has a concentric line in the area of surface expression, that is, a plurality of fine lines having regularity, so that it can be identified in a high-resolution input image by a digital device such as a scanner or a copying machine. By adding fine and regular parts that are difficult for humans to visually recognize, analyzing the correlation of the intervals between line drawings for securities on the digital device, and identifying the information embedded in the printed material The authenticity can be determined, and an action such as operation stop of a digital device such as a copying machine used for counterfeiting can be performed based on the information.

  Embodiments 1 and 2 are shown below. Embodiments 1 and 2 are modifications of the line image C2 described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 described above. The concentric line images shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 9, FIG. 10, FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 are color inks of high brightness such as yellow, ocher, and light purple that are the composition of the line image C2 shown in FIG. The L value of the L * a * b * color table system is preferably 50 or less, the interval between the lines of concentric circles is 50 μm to 350 μm, and the area ratio of the line is The composition which is 5% or more and less than 96% is the same. Further, the line image C1 formed by overlapping the line images shown in FIGS. 5, 9, 10, 11, and 12 is the same as that described above, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

(1) Embodiment 1
In the first embodiment, the shape of the region including the concentric circles and the position of the concentric circles will be described. The first embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 9 is composed of three types of regions. Line image C2 shown in FIG. 5 (b) essentially "has the same configuration as that. 5 line image C2 of (b)" are arranged in concentric circles line screen consisting distance d ₁ of 80μm Region A, a region B arranged with concentric circles having a spacing d _{2 of} 100 μm, and a region C arranged with concentric circles having a spacing d _{3 of} 130 μm. As shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 9, the center points P of the concentric circles of the regions A, B and C are equal, and the regions A and B are arranged on the left side of the drawing, respectively. C is arranged. Even in this case, the characteristics of the spatial frequencies of the regions A, B, and C can be clearly identified.

Also, FIG. 10 is composed of three types of regions, as in the schematic diagram of FIG. 9, and is arranged with concentric circles having an interval d _{1 of} 80 μm, like the line image C2 ″ in FIG. 5B. A, a region B arranged with concentric circles having a spacing d _{2 of} 100 μm, and a region C arranged with concentric circles having a spacing d _{3 of} 130 μm, as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. As shown, the center points P of the concentric circles in each of the regions A, B, and C are equal, and each of the regions A, B, and C is equally spaced from the center point P of the concentric circles. Even in this case, the spatial frequency characteristics of the region A, the region B, and the region C can be clearly identified.

  That is, in the printed matter using the concentric circle lines shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the region where the concentric circles are arranged is divided into a plurality of regions, and each of the divided regions has the same center point. A common concentric circle is formed, and the interval between the lines of the concentric circles in each of the divided regions is different for each region.

Further, like FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the FIG. 11 is composed of three types of regions, and is arranged with concentric circles having an interval d _{1 of} 80 μm, like the line image C2 ″ in FIG. 5B. a region a that is, 100 [mu] m and the region B arranged in a concentric line screen consisting distance d _2, and is configured by a region C that are arranged in a concentric line screen consisting distance d ₃ of 130 .mu.m. FIG. 11 As shown in the schematic diagram, the center points P of the concentric circles of the regions A, B, and C are different, and the regions A, B, and C are arranged with the same region area. Even in this case, the spatial frequency characteristics of the regions A, B, and C can be clearly identified.

  That is, in the printed matter using the concentric circles shown in FIG. 11, the region where the concentric circles are arranged is divided into a plurality of regions, and each of the divided regions has a different center point for each region. Thus, concentric circles are formed, and the interval between the lines of the concentric circles in each of the divided regions is different for each region.

(2) Embodiment 2
The second embodiment describes a positional relationship in which a plurality of regions are arranged in a ring shape, and the concentric circles provided in each region have natural continuity at the boundary between the regions. is there. The second embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Since the concentric circles provided in the region of the present invention are printed with high-intensity color inks such as yellow, ocher, and light purple, the shape of the image line can be obtained even if the overall continuous tone is visible to the naked eye. It cannot be identified. However, it can be further prevented from being identified by the positional relationship of the image lines. Although FIG. 12 looks like a concentric circle formed at the same distance from the center point P, it is actually composed of three types of regions as in the schematic diagrams of FIGS. 9, 10 and 11. . 5 as with (b) line image C2 for ", the region A arranged in concentric line screen consisting distance _{d 1} of 80 [mu] m, and the region B arranged in a concentric line screen consisting distance _{d 2} of 100 [mu] m, 130 .mu.m It is constituted by a region C that are arranged in a concentric line screen consisting distance d ₃ of the.

In the schematic diagram of FIG. 12A, the center points P of the concentric circles of the regions A, B and C are equal, and the regions A, B and C are arranged in a ring shape in this order from the center point P. It is a thing. First, the region A is a concentric circle formed at a distance d ₁ from the center point P. Outside the region A, interpolation interval X ₁ consisting of the average value of the distance d ₂ between concentric parallel line spacing d ₁ and the region B of concentric parallel line region A is a region B provided are arranged in a ring. Region B is a concentric line screen formed with a spacing d _2. Outside the region B, region C interpolation interval X ₂ is provided consisting of the average value of the distance d ₂ and spacing d ₃ concentric parallel line region C concentric parallel line area B are arranged in a ring. Region C is a concentric line screen formed with a spacing d _3.

On the other hand, in the schematic diagram of FIG. 12B, the center points P of the concentric circles in the regions C, B, and A are equal, and the center point P, the region C, the region B, and the region A are in a ring shape in this order. It is arranged. First, the region C is a concentric circle formed with a distance d ₃ from the center point P. Outside the region C, an interpolation interval X ₂ consisting of an average value of the interval d ₃ between concentric circles in the region C and the interval d ₂ between concentric circular lines in the region B is provided, and the region B is arranged in a ring shape. Region B is a concentric line screen formed with a spacing d _2. Outside the region B, the region A interpolation interval X ₁ is provided consisting of the average value of the distance d ₁ between concentric parallel line distance d ₂ and the region A concentric parallel line area B are arranged in a ring. Region A is a concentric circle formed with a distance d ₁ .

  As a result, the image line configurations in FIGS. 12A and 12B are arranged in such a manner that the concentric circles are naturally formed at the boundaries of the respective regions even though the regions A, B, and C are sequentially arranged in a ring shape. Continuity is maintained. Also, the image line configurations in FIGS. 12A and 12B are the same, and the spatial frequency characteristics of the regions A, B, and C can be clearly identified.

  That is, in the printed matter using the concentric circle lines in FIG. 12, the region where the concentric circles are arranged is divided into a plurality of rings, and each of the divided regions has the same center point. A common concentric circle is formed, and at the boundary of each of the divided areas, an average value of the interval between the concentric circles provided in one adjacent region and the interval between the concentric circles provided in the other region An interpolation area is provided, and continuity of concentric circles is maintained at the boundary.

(3) Embodiment 3
As described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 described above, the present invention provides predetermined information to be embedded to a continuous tone image. In Embodiment 3, a manufacturing apparatus is provided. A manufacturing method will be described.

  As shown in the block diagram of FIG. 13, the manufacturing apparatus according to the third embodiment includes information input means M1, output means M2, display means M3, editing means M4, and communication interface M5. The editing unit M4 includes an information embedding unit 4Ma and an image synthesis unit M4b.

  The information input means M1 inputs information on concentric circles having a predetermined interval set so that frequency components corresponding to information to be embedded are extracted. For example, input from a keyboard or the like, a database (not shown) in which information registered in the same personal computer as a format database to be described later is input, an external in which information to be embedded predetermined by a communication interface is input Information can be obtained from a database server (not shown). Note that a database in which information registered in the same personal computer is input is provided in storage means (not shown), and has a predetermined interval set so that frequency components corresponding to information to be embedded are extracted. Information on concentric lines is stored.

  The output means M2 writes out to a document file, and the format of the document file is not particularly limited.

  The display means M3 is not particularly limited, such as a personal computer monitor or a dedicated monitor.

  The information embedding unit M4a receives concentric line information having a predetermined interval set so that frequency components corresponding to information to be embedded are extracted by the information input unit M1, and generates concentric line data.

  The image composition means M4b generates concentric circle line data as a document file. When a printed matter capable of determining authenticity of the present invention is produced by a printer, the image composition means M4b combines the concentric circle line data and the line image data of the line image C1 shown in FIG. -The file is written out.

  The communication interface M5 is RS-232C, IEEE1394, or the like, and is not particularly limited.

  The manufacturing method according to the third embodiment is executed by the processing steps shown in the flowchart of FIG. 14 using the manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG.

  First, in step f1, information on concentric circles having a predetermined interval set so that a frequency component corresponding to information to be embedded is extracted by the information input means M1 is input. For example, the input information may be input from a keyboard or the like, a database (not shown) in which information registered in the same personal computer as the format database is input, and / or an external database in which information is input in advance by a communication interface Information can be obtained from a server (not shown). Note that a database in which information registered in the same personal computer is input is provided in storage means (not shown), and has a predetermined interval set so that frequency components corresponding to information to be embedded are extracted. Information on concentric lines is stored.

  Further, in step f2, concentric circle line data is generated by the information embedding unit M4a included in the editing unit M4 shown in FIG. For example, a concentric circle line pattern defined by the input information to be embedded is generated and applied in step f3.

  Next, the image composition means M4b included in the editing means M4 shown in FIG. 13 writes the document file in step f4. When a printed matter capable of determining authenticity of the present invention is produced by a printer, the image composition means M4b combines the concentric circle line data and the line image data of the line image C1 shown in FIG. -The file is written out. The document file generated in this way is printed on the base material with the respective color inks, so that a color printed matter in which information is embedded can be obtained.

(4) Embodiment 4
As described in the first embodiment or the second embodiment, the present invention provides information to a continuous tone image. In the fourth embodiment, an authentication apparatus and an authentication method will be described. .

  A printed matter authentication apparatus according to the fourth embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 15, the apparatus includes a reading unit M6 including an optical scanner, an input unit M7 including an operation panel, a display unit M8 including a CRT, a liquid crystal panel, a printer, a communication interface M9, and a storage unit. M11 is further provided with a calculation means M10 having a color separation means M10a, a conversion means M10b, an analysis means M10c, and a determination means M10d.

  The calculation means M10 performs all the calculations necessary for the authenticity determination process, and includes a color separation means M10a, a conversion means M10b, an analysis means M10c, and a determination means M10d. The computing means M10 is connected to the storage means M11, the communication interface M9, the reading means M6, the input means M7, and the display means M8. The color separation means M10a extracts a grayscale image in which the color ink constituting the line image C2, line image C2 ′ or line image C2 ″ has the highest contrast from the color image. The conversion means M10b extracts The gray scale image is Fourier transformed to generate an FFT pattern, the analysis unit M10c extracts a frequency component from the FFT pattern, and the determination unit M10d compares the frequency component with the authenticity determination data stored in the storage unit By doing so, authentication of printed matter that can be determined authenticity is performed.

  The reading unit M6 acquires, as a color image, a print image that is printed on a printed material that can be checked for authenticity and in which predetermined information to be embedded is embedded.

  The read color image is transferred to and stored in the storage unit M11 via the calculation unit M10.

  The input means M7 inputs data necessary for authenticity determination processing and transfers it to the calculation means M10.

  The display means M8 displays the data input to the input means M7, the result of the true / false determination performed by the calculation means M10, and the like.

  The communication interface M9 is connected to a computer terminal (not shown) in order to acquire, for example, a reference value related to a genuine printed material when the authenticity determination data is not stored in the storage unit M11. Further, the communication means is not particularly limited, such as RS-232C, IEEE1394.

  The storage unit M11 stores authenticity determination data. Further, various data and determination results given from the calculation means M10 are stored.

  The authentication method according to the present embodiment is executed by the processing steps shown in the flowchart of FIG. 16 using the authentication apparatus shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 16, in step f5, a printing image in which predetermined information to be embedded is embedded is read as a color image (RGB image) by reading means M6 such as a digital camera or an optical scanner. For example, reading is performed as an RGB image with a high resolution of 1200 dpi and an image size of 1024 × 1024 pixels.

  In step f6, the color ink constituting the line image C2, line image C2 ′ or line image C2 ″ from the color image (RGB image) read by the color separation means M10a in step f5 has the highest contrast. A scale image is extracted, for example, a B (blue) channel gray scale image is extracted by the color separation means M10a.

  In step f7, the gray scale image (for example, B (blue) channel) extracted in step f6 is Fourier transformed by the conversion means M10b to generate an FFT pattern.

  In step f8, the frequency component is extracted from the FFT pattern created in step f7 by the analyzing means M10c.

  In step f9, the determination unit M10d authenticates the printed material that can be determined by comparing and comparing the extracted frequency component and the authenticity determination data (frequency component) stored in the storage unit.

  Since the frequency component is a component of a region formed by concentric circles, it is possible to extract a frequency component that is clearer than before, so erroneous recognition of a predetermined frequency component in comparison verification There is nothing to do.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Original image 2 Print image 3 Print image 4 Print image A Graphic area B Graphic area C Graphic area C1 Line image C2 Line image C2 'Line image C2 "Line image d ₁ interval d ₂ interval d ₃ interval M1 Information input means M2 output Means M3 Display means M4 Editing means M4a Information embedding means M4b Image composition means M5 Communication interface M6 Reading means M7 Input means M8 Display means M9 Communication interface M10 Calculation means M10a Color separation means M10b Conversion means M10c Analysis means M10d Determination means M11 Storage means P Center q _d1 inverse spatial distance q _d2 inverse spatial distance q _d3 inverse spatial distance X ₁ interpolation interval X ₂ interpolation interval

Claims (14)

It is a printed image composed of a plurality of line images composed of different color elements, and the plurality of line images have a color element with high brightness and a color element with low brightness, and the color element with high brightness and the brightness of the brightness A true / false component that is formed by overlapping low color elements and that extracts frequency components corresponding to information to be embedded when frequency analysis is performed on the line images composed of the color elements having high brightness among the plurality of line images. Prints that can be identified,
The color elements of the plurality of line images have different hues,
The line image composed of the low-lightness color element is composed of a line drawing line having a bulge from the printing surface,
The line image composed of the color elements having high brightness is formed by at least one region in which concentric lines having a predetermined interval set so that frequency components corresponding to the information to be embedded are extracted are arranged,
A line image composed of a pigment having a lower lightness than a line image composed of a color element having a high lightness is formed by at least one region in which image lines having a shape different from that of the concentric circles are arranged. Printed material that can be detected as authentic.   2. The printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity according to claim 1, wherein the interval between the lines of concentric lines is selected from a plurality of preset intervals for each piece of information to be embedded.   3. The printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity according to claim 1, wherein the concentric circle line has a uniform line area ratio of 5% or more and less than 96%. .   The line image composed of color elements having low brightness is composed of line drawing lines having a rise from the printing surface, and black and white gradation is expressed by continuous differences in thickness or thinness of the plurality of line drawings. The printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   5. The printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity according to claim 1, wherein the line image including color elements having low brightness has a dot pattern or an image line shape in which lines and dots are mixed. The region where the concentric circles are arranged is divided into a plurality of parts,
Each of the divided areas is formed with concentric circles sharing the same center point,
The printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the interval between the lines of concentric lines in each of the plurality of divided regions is different for each region. The region where the concentric circles are arranged is divided into a plurality of parts,
Each of the regions divided into a plurality has concentric circles having different center points for each region,
The printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the interval between the lines of concentric lines in each of the plurality of divided regions is different for each region. The region where the concentric lines are arranged is divided into a plurality of rings,
Each of the divided areas is formed with concentric circles sharing the same center point,
At the boundary of each of the divided regions, an interpolation region is provided that includes an average value of the interval between concentric circles provided in one adjacent region and the interval between concentric circles provided in the other region,
6. The printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity according to claim 1, wherein continuity of concentric circles is maintained at the boundary.   The printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the interval between the lines of the concentric lines is 50 µm to 350 µm. An apparatus for producing a printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
Information input means for inputting information on concentric lines having a predetermined interval set so that a frequency component corresponding to the information to be embedded is extracted;
Means for generating concentric circle line data by inputting information of concentric circle lines having a predetermined interval set so that a frequency component corresponding to information to be embedded is extracted by the information input means;
Image synthesizing means for generating the generated concentric line data as a document file;
An apparatus for producing a printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity, comprising output means for outputting the document file by printing it on a substrate with a predetermined color ink. 10. Production of a printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity according to any one of claims 1 to 9, using an apparatus for producing an authentically distinguishable printed matter comprising an information input means, an information embedding means, an image synthesizing means and an output means. A method,
Inputting information of concentric lines having a predetermined interval set so that a frequency component corresponding to information to be embedded is extracted by the information input means;
Concentric circle line data is generated from the extracted information by the information embedding means,
Writing the concentric line data to a document file by the image composition means;
A method of producing a printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity, comprising the step of outputting the document file by printing on a base material with a predetermined color ink by the output means. 12. The printed material capable of authenticating authenticity according to claim 11, wherein the interval between the lines of the concentric lines is selected from a plurality of preset intervals for each piece of information to be embedded. Method. An apparatus for authenticating printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
Reading means for reading a print image embedded with information to be embedded in advance as a color image;
Color separation means for extracting a grayscale image of a color element having high brightness from the read color image;
Transform means for generating an FFT pattern by Fourier transforming the extracted grayscale image;
Analyzing means for extracting a frequency component from the FFT pattern;
Storage means for storing authenticity determination data;
Authentication of printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity, comprising: determination means for authenticating printed matter capable of authenticating authenticity by comparing and comparing the frequency component and authenticity determination data stored in the storage means apparatus. The authenticity can be determined according to any one of claims 1 to 9, using an authentication device for a printed matter capable of determining authenticity, comprising a reading unit, a color separating unit, a converting unit, an analyzing unit, a storing unit, and a determining unit. A method for authenticating printed materials,
A step of reading, as a color image, a print image in which predetermined information to be embedded is embedded by the reading unit;
Extracting a grayscale image of color elements having high brightness from the read color image by the color separation means;
A step of Fourier transforming the extracted grayscale image by the conversion means to generate an FFT pattern;
Extracting frequency components from the FFT pattern by the analyzing means;
The determination means authenticates a printed material that can be determined by comparing and comparing the extracted frequency component and the authenticity determination data stored in the storage means. To authenticate printed materials.

Images