JP5653775B2 - Nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus, nonwoven fabric manufacturing method, and nonwoven fabric - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus, a nonwoven fabric manufacturing method, and a nonwoven fabric.

  If the fiber diameter of the fibers that make up the nonwoven fabric is small, the fiber diameter of the fibers that make up the nonwoven fabric is excellent because it has excellent performance such as separation performance, liquid retention performance, wiping performance, concealment performance, insulation performance, or flexibility. Is preferably small. As a method for producing a nonwoven fabric composed of fibers having such a small fiber diameter, the spinning solution is discharged from a nozzle, an electric field is applied to the discharged spinning solution, the spinning solution is stretched, and the diameter of the spinning solution is reduced. A so-called electrospinning method is known in which a non-woven fabric is directly collected. According to this electrospinning method, a nonwoven fabric made of fibers having an average fiber diameter of 1 μm or less can be produced. However, the electrospinning method has a low productivity due to the limited amount of spinning solution discharged.

  As a spinning device that can be expected to improve the productivity, as shown in FIG. 17, “a device for forming a non-woven mat of nanofibers by using a compressed gas flow is a first (12) having parallel spacing, It includes a second (22) and a third (32) member, each having a supply end (14, 24, 34) and an opposing outlet end (16, 26, 36), the second member (22). Adjacent to the first member (12) The outlet end (26) of the second member (22) extends beyond the outlet end (16) of the first member (12). The 2 (22) member defines a first supply slit (18) and the third member (32) is the first member (12) on the opposite side of the first member (12) from the second member (22). The first (12) and third (32) members define a first gas slit (38); The exit ends (16, 26, 36) of the 1 (12), 2 (22) and 3 (32) members define a gas jet space (20) of the nanofiber by using a compressed gas flow. A method of forming a non-woven mat is also included "(Patent Document 1). Since this apparatus does not need to apply a high voltage, it can be expected that productivity can be improved. However, in this apparatus, since the flat plate-like first, second and third members are provided in parallel, the gas jet acts on the sheet-like spinning solution, so that it is difficult to form a fiber shape. Therefore, it was considered that only a thick fiber could be formed even if the fiber shape was obtained.

  As a similar spinning device, “a center tube, a first supply tube located concentrically and spaced apart from the center tube, an intermediate gas tube located concentrically and spaced apart from the first supply tube, and concentric and separated from the intermediate gas tube. The center tube and the first supply tube form a first annular column, the intermediate gas tube and the first supply tube form a second annular column, and the intermediate gas tube and the first supply tube are spaced apart from each other. 2 supply tubes form a third annular column, a first gas jet space is formed at the downstream end of the center tube and the first supply tube, and a second gas jet space is downstream of the intermediate gas tube and the second supply tube. A nanofiber manufacturing apparatus using compressed gas, which is positioned so as to be formed at the side end portion ”has been proposed (Patent Document 2).Since this manufacturing apparatus does not need to apply a high voltage, it can be expected that productivity can be improved. However, even in this apparatus, since the gas jet acts on the spinning solution discharged in an annular shape, the spinning is unstable, the fiber shape is difficult to be formed, and many droplets are contained.

  In addition, “a polymer solution dissolved in a predetermined solvent is conveyed to a yarn discharging nozzle, and compressed air is jetted to the lower portion of the yarn discharging nozzle while discharging the polymer solution through the yarn discharging nozzle to which a high voltage is applied. A method for producing nanofibers including a step of threading a polymer solution onto a grounded intake collector under the threading nozzle has been proposed (Patent Document 3). In this production method, since a high voltage and compressed air are applied to the polymer solution, the amount of the polymer solution discharged can be increased, and it can be expected that productivity can be improved. However, the method of jetting compressed air disclosed in Patent Document 3 uses knife-edge air nozzles on both sides of the yarn output nozzle, or uses air nozzles that surround the yarn discharge nozzle in a circular shape. It was unstable and hardly formed into a fiber shape, and contained many droplets.

  Therefore, the applicant of the present application added, “In addition to a spinning device that has a liquid discharge portion that can discharge a spinning solution and a gas discharge portion that is located upstream of the liquid discharge portion and can discharge gas, and that satisfies the following conditions: Non-woven fabric manufacturing apparatus provided with a fiber collector (1) having a liquid columnar hollow portion (Hl) with the liquid discharge portion as an end portion, (2) gas column shape with the gas discharge portion as an end portion (3) The liquid virtual columnar part (Hvl) obtained by extending the liquid columnar hollow part (Hl) and the gas virtual columnar part (Hvg) obtained by extending the gas columnar hollow part (Hg). (5) The columnar hollow part for liquid (H1) and the central axis in the discharge direction of the columnar hollow part for gas (Hg) are parallel to each other, (5) The columnar hollow part for gas ( Hg) When cutting along a plane perpendicular to the central axis of Hg), the cut surface of the gas columnar hollow (Hg) Circumference and liquid columnar hollow for the distance shortest straight line between the outer periphery of the cut surface of (Hl), has proposed a "can be drawn only one (Patent Document 4). According to this non-woven fabric manufacturing apparatus, a non-woven fabric made of thin fibers can be manufactured. However, since the nonwoven fabric manufactured by this nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus has a dense structure because the fiber diameter is thin, fibers that float without accumulating unless a high static pressure gas suction device that can sufficiently suck gas is used. Therefore, there is a problem in that the texture of the nonwoven fabric is deteriorated, and it adheres to the liquid discharge portion of the spinning device and hinders continuous nonwoven fabric production. In particular, when the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus is scaled up, or when trying to manufacture a nonwoven fabric with a high basis weight, the amount of floating fibers tends to increase unless a gas suction device with a higher static pressure is used. It was strong. However, a high static pressure gas suction device has a large energy consumption and is expensive, which has been an obstacle to scaling up a nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus or manufacturing a high-weight nonwoven fabric.

  In addition to the above methods, a melt blow method is conventionally known as a method for producing a nonwoven fabric composed of fibers having a small fiber diameter. Also in this melt-blowing method, since the heated gas is used to fiberize the spinning solution, it has exactly the same problem as the above-described nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus.

JP 2005-515316 A (summary, Table 1, etc.) US Pat. No. 6,520,425 (summary, FIG. 2 etc.) JP-T-2005-520068 (Claim 1, paragraph number 0014, paragraph number 0015, etc.) JP 2009-287138 A (Claims 1 and 2)

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object thereof is to provide an apparatus capable of continuously producing a nonwoven fabric excellent in texture, energy efficient and inexpensive, a method for producing the nonwoven fabric, and the nonwoven fabric. And

  The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is as follows: “(a) A liquid discharge part capable of discharging a spinning liquid and a gas discharge part capable of discharging a gas capable of acting on the spinning liquid discharged from the liquid discharge part. (B) a porous collector capable of collecting fibers spun by the spinning device, movable in one direction, and (c) a side opposite to the fiber collecting surface of the porous collector. The first suction device, and (d) lower than the first suction device, which is located on the side opposite to the fiber collection surface of the porous collector and on the upstream side of the first suction device. A non-woven fabric manufacturing apparatus comprising a second suction device having a static pressure and a high flow rate, and a collection surface of a porous collector in which a central axis in a liquid discharge direction from the spinning device corresponds to a suction port of the first suction device And a reaching point A that reaches the central axis of the liquid discharge direction and the reaching point A Even so that the angle between the collection surface of the downstream side is at an acute angle, characterized in that the spinning device is disposed, a nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus. ".

  Invention of Claim 2 of this invention is "the manufacturing method of a nonwoven fabric using the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus of Claim 1."

  The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is “nonwoven fabric manufactured by the manufacturing method of claim 2”.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the second suction device has a lower static pressure and a higher flow rate than the first suction device, so that the gas acting on the spinning solution can be sucked easily. 2 The static pressure and flow rate is higher than that of the suction device, and the spun fibers discharged from the liquid discharge portion fly toward the collection surface of the porous collector corresponding to the suction port of the first suction device. Therefore, the first suction device can easily suck the fibers. As described above, the fiber suction and the gas suction are performed relatively separately, and it is not necessary to permeate the nonwoven fabric having a dense structure to suck the gas. Since it is difficult to generate fibers, a nonwoven fabric with excellent texture can be produced continuously. Moreover, since the 1st suction apparatus and the 2nd suction apparatus which have the minimum required suction | attraction capability can be used, it is an energy efficient and cheap nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus.

  In addition, the angle formed between the central axis of the liquid discharge direction from the spinning device and the collection surface downstream of the point A reaching the collection surface of the porous collector in the central axis of the liquid discharge direction is an acute angle. Since the spinning device is arranged and the fiber collection range can be widened, it is difficult to reduce the suction capacity of the first suction device, and the porous collector moves gradually to collect the fiber. Therefore, a nonwoven fabric with excellent texture can be produced.

  Since the invention concerning Claim 2 of this invention is a manufacturing method of the nonwoven fabric which uses the said nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus, it is a method which can manufacture continuously the nonwoven fabric which is excellent in energy efficiency and cheaply.

  Since the invention concerning Claim 3 of this invention is a nonwoven fabric manufactured with the manufacturing method of the said nonwoven fabric, it is a nonwoven fabric excellent in texture.

(A) Schematic perspective view of spinning unit tip (b) Cut view at plane C in (a) Schematic perspective view of another spinning unit tip (A) An example of a cut plan view when cut along a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the gas columnar hollow (cutting plan view along plane C in FIG. 2) (b) The central axis of the gas columnar hollow (C) Other example of cutting plan view when cut along a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the columnar hollow portion for gas (d) For gas Other examples of cutting plan view when cut along a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the columnar hollow part (e) Others of cutting plan view when cut along a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the columnar hollow part for gas Example (A) An example of a cut plan view when cutting along a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the gas columnar hollow part (b) Cutting when cutting along a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the gas columnar hollow part Other examples of plan views (c) Other examples of cut plan views when cut along a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the columnar hollow for gas (A) Schematic perspective view of the tip of another spinning unit (b) Cutaway view at plane C in (a) Partial schematic cutaway view of spinning device Partial schematic cutaway view of another spinning device Further, a schematic cutaway view of another spinning device Further, a schematic cutaway view of another spinning device Further, a schematic cutaway view of another spinning device (A) Explanatory perspective view showing the spinning device disassembled (b) Side view of the spinning device in the A direction (c) Bottom view of the spinning device in the B direction Perspective view of gas hollow part forming wall material that can be used in spinning apparatus (A) Explanatory perspective view showing another spinning device disassembled (b) Side view in direction A of spinning device (c) Bottom view in direction B of spinning device (A) Explanatory perspective view showing another spinning device disassembled (b) Side view in direction A of spinning device (c) Bottom view in direction B of spinning device Schematic cross-sectional explanatory drawing of the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus of the present invention Explanatory drawing of the relationship between the central axis of the liquid discharge direction from the spinning device and the collection surface of the porous collection body Cross-sectional view of a conventional spinning device

  FIG. 1A is a schematic perspective view of the tip of a spinning unit of a spinning device that can constitute the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a C plane cut view in FIG. A description will be given based on (b).

The spinning unit of the spinning device in FIG. 1 acts on a liquid discharge nozzle Nl having a liquid discharge part El that can discharge the spinning liquid at one end, and the spinning liquid discharged from the liquid discharge part El. The outer wall surface of one gas discharge nozzle Ng having a gas discharge portion Eg capable of discharging a gas that can be discharged at one end is in contact with the gas discharge portion Eg of the gas discharge nozzle Ng at a position upstream of the liquid discharge portion El. is there. The liquid discharge nozzle Nl has a liquid columnar hollow portion Hl surrounded by a wall material (liquid discharge nozzle) with the liquid discharge portion El as an end, and the gas discharge nozzle Ng includes the gas discharge portion Eg. It has a columnar hollow Hg for gas surrounded by a wall material (gas discharge nozzle) as an end. The liquid virtual columnar part Hvl extending the liquid columnar hollow part Hl and the gas virtual columnar part Hvg extending the gas columnar hollow part Hg are the wall thickness of the liquid discharge nozzle Nl and the wall of the gas discharge nozzle Ng. They are in close proximity to each other by a distance corresponding to the sum of the thicknesses. In addition, the liquid discharge direction central axis Al of the liquid columnar hollow portion Hl and the gas discharge direction central axis Ag of the gas columnar hollow portion Hg are parallel to each other. Further, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), which is a sectional view cut along a plane C perpendicular to the central axis of the gas columnar hollow portion Hg, the outer shape of the cut surface of the gas columnar hollow portion Hg, the liquid columnar shape a circular contour both of the cut surface of the hollow portion Hl, pulling against the outer periphery of the cut surface of the columnar hollow for gas (Hg), the shortest straight line L ₁ is the distance from the outer periphery of the cut surface of the columnar hollow Hl for liquid a one point can be, for liquid that can be drawn against the outer periphery of the cut surface of the columnar hollow for gas (Hg), the shortest straight line L ₁ is the distance from the outer periphery of the cut surface of the columnar hollow Hl for liquid The outer peripheral length Cl of the cut surface of the columnar hollow portion Hl is 50% or less of the outer peripheral length of the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow portion Hl.

  Therefore, when the spinning solution is supplied to the liquid discharge nozzle Nl of the spinning unit as shown in FIG. 1 and the gas is supplied to the gas discharge nozzle Ng, the spinning solution passes through the liquid columnar hollow portion Hl and from the liquid discharge portion El to the liquid columnar shape. At the same time as being discharged in the axial direction of the hollow part Hl, the gas passes through the gas columnar hollow part Hg and is discharged from the gas discharge part Eg in the axial direction of the gas columnar hollow part Hg. The discharged gas and the discharged spinning solution are close to each other, and the gas discharge direction and the spinning liquid discharge direction are parallel to each other, and the discharged gas and the discharged spinning yarn are on plane C. The point closest to the liquid is one point, that is, the spinning liquid is subjected to shearing action by a gas and an accompanying air flow in a straight line, and flies in the axial direction of the liquid columnar hollow portion Hl while being reduced in diameter to become a fiber. To do. In addition, if a means capable of applying an electric field to the spinning solution is provided, the spinning solution that is not easily stretched by the shearing action of the gas and tends to become droplets is stretched by the action of the formed electric field. Turn into. In addition, the fibers are charged by the action of the electric field and repel each other, so that the fibers are not bound to form a fiber bundle and are collected in a dispersed state.

The liquid discharge nozzle Nl only needs to be capable of discharging the spinning solution, and the shape of the liquid discharge part El is not particularly limited, but the shape of the liquid discharge part El is, for example, circular, oval, elliptical, Although it can be a square (for example, a triangle, a quadrangle, a hexagon), it is preferably a circular shape so that the shearing action of the gas and the accompanying airflow is received in one straight line and it is difficult to generate droplets. In addition, when the shape of the liquid discharge part El is a polygon, by arranging one corner of the polygon so as to be on the gas discharge nozzle Ng side, the shearing action of the gas and the accompanying airflow is one straight line. It becomes difficult to form droplets. That is, when the gas columnar hollow portion Hg is cut along a plane C perpendicular to the central axis of the gas columnar hollow portion Hg, the distance between the outer periphery of the cut surface of the gas columnar hollow portion Hg and the outer periphery of the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow portion Hl is Only _one shortest straight line L1 can be drawn, and the discharged spinning solution is subjected to the shearing action of the gas and the accompanying airflow in a single straight line, and is unlikely to generate droplets.

Although not limited to particular also the size of the liquid delivery unit El, is preferably from 0.0025～3000Mm ^2, more preferably from 0.04～500Mm ^2, is 0.1 to 3 mm ² Is more preferable. If it is less than 0.0025 mm ² , it tends to be difficult to discharge a spinning solution having a high viscosity, and if it exceeds 3000 mm ² , it becomes difficult to uniformly apply a shearing action to the entire discharged spinning solution. This is because shots and beads (particle-shaped resin) tend to be easily generated.

  The liquid discharge nozzle Nl may be made of metal or resin, and the material is not particularly limited. A metal or resin tube can also be used. If the liquid discharge nozzle Nl is made of metal, an electric field can be applied to the spinning liquid by applying a voltage to the liquid discharge nozzle Nl. Further, in FIG. 1, a cylindrical liquid discharge nozzle Nl is shown, but an acute angle nozzle having a tip cut with an inclination may be used. This acute angle nozzle is effective when the spinning solution has a high viscosity. When such an acute angle nozzle is used, if the sharp side is the gas discharge nozzle side, it is easy to be subjected to the shearing action of the gas and the accompanying airflow, and can be stably fiberized.

The gas discharge nozzle Ng only needs to be capable of discharging gas, and the shape of the gas discharge portion Eg is not particularly limited, but the shape of the gas discharge portion Eg is, for example, circular, oval, elliptical, polygonal (For example, a triangle, a quadrangle, and a hexagon) can be used, but a circular shape is preferable in order to facilitate the shearing action of the gas and the accompanying airflow. In addition, when the shape of the gas discharge part Eg is a polygon, it arrange | positions so that one corner | corner of a polygon may become the liquid discharge nozzle Nl side, and shear of gas and an accompanying airflow in one linear form The action becomes easier to work. That is, when the gas columnar hollow portion Hg is cut along a plane C perpendicular to the central axis of the gas columnar hollow portion Hg, the distance between the outer periphery of the cut surface of the gas columnar hollow portion Hg and the outer periphery of the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow portion Hl is Only _one shortest straight line L1 can be drawn, and the discharged spinning solution is subjected to the shearing action of the gas and the accompanying airflow in a single straight line, and is unlikely to generate droplets.

Although not limited to particular also the size of the gas discharge portion Eg, is preferably from 0.0025～4000Mm ^2, more preferably from 0.04～800Mm ^2, is 0.5 to 5 mm ² Is more preferable. When 0.0025 mm ² smaller than the discharged spinning solution entirety becomes difficult to exert a shearing action, stable at because it tends to be difficult to fiberizing by the shearing action exceeds 4000 mm ² This is because a sufficient wind speed is required to make it work and a large amount of gas is required, which is uneconomical. The size of the gas discharge part Eg is preferably the same as or larger than the size of the liquid discharge part El. This is because the shearing action of the gas and the accompanying airflow is easy to work.

  The gas discharge nozzle Ng may be made of metal or resin, and its material is not particularly limited. In addition, a tube made of metal or resin can be used instead of the gas discharge nozzle.

  Since the gas discharge nozzle Ng is disposed at a position where the gas discharge portion Eg is upstream (spinning liquid supply side) from the liquid discharge portion El, it is possible to prevent the spinning solution from winding up around the liquid discharge portion. Therefore, it is possible to perform spinning for a long time without polluting the liquid discharge part El. The distance between the gas discharge part Eg and the liquid discharge part El is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 mm or less, and more preferably 5 mm or less. This is because if it exceeds 20 mm, the shearing force of the gas and the accompanying airflow with respect to the spinning solution becomes insufficient, and there is a tendency that it is difficult to be fiberized. The lower limit of the difference in distance between the gas discharge part Eg and the liquid discharge part El is not particularly limited, and it is preferable that the gas discharge part Eg and the liquid discharge part El do not match.

  The liquid columnar hollow portion Hl is a passage for spinning liquid and forms a shape when the spinning solution is discharged, and the gas columnar hollow portion Hg is a passage passage for gas and forms a shape when discharging the gas.

  The liquid imaginary columnar part Hvv extending the liquid columnar hollow part Hl is a flight path immediately after the discharge of the spinning solution discharged from the liquid discharge part El, and the gas imaginary columnar part Hvg extending the gas columnar hollow part Hg. Is an ejection path immediately after ejection of the gas ejected from the gas ejection section Eg. The distance between the liquid virtual columnar part Hvl and the gas virtual columnar part Hvg corresponds to the sum of the wall thickness of the liquid discharge nozzle Nl and the wall thickness of the gas discharge nozzle Ng, but this distance is preferably 2 mm or less. More preferably, it is 1 mm or less. This is because if it exceeds 2 mm, the shearing force of the gas and the accompanying airflow hardly acts, and it tends to be difficult to be fiberized.

The liquid virtual columnar part Hvl and the gas virtual columnar part Hvg are both columnar solid. For example, when the cylindrical liquid imaginary part is covered with a hollow cylindrical gas imaginary part, or the cylindrical gas imaginary part is covered with a hollow cylindrical liquid imaginary part, the gas columnar hollow part Hg of when cut along a plane perpendicular C with respect to the central axis, with respect to the outer periphery of the cut surface of the columnar hollow for gas (Hg), the shortest straight line L ₁ is the distance from the outer periphery of the cut surface of the columnar hollow Hl for liquid The outer peripheral length Cl of the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow H1 that can be drawn is 100% of the outer peripheral length of the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow H1, and gas and accompanying airflow are present at various points in the spinning solution. This is because the shearing force acts, and the fiberization becomes insufficient and the number of droplets increases. This “virtual columnar portion” is a portion formed by extending the inner wall surface of the nozzle.

Furthermore, the liquid discharge direction central axis Al of the liquid columnar hollow portion Hl and the gas discharge direction central axis Ag of the gas columnar hollow portion Hg are parallel to each other. A gas and an accompanying airflow act and can form a fiber stably. For example, these central axes are such that a cylindrical liquid hollow portion is covered with a hollow cylindrical gas hollow portion, or a cylindrical gas hollow portion is covered with a hollow cylindrical liquid hollow portion. Are equal to each other, when the gas columnar hollow part Hg is cut along a plane C perpendicular to the central axis of the gas columnar hollow part Hg, the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow part Hl is located on the outer periphery of the gas columnar hollow part Hg. can be the distance from the outer periphery pulls the shortest straight line L _1, the length Cl of the outer periphery of the cut surface of the columnar hollow Hl for the liquid is, becomes 100% of the circumferential length of the cut surface of the columnar hollow Hl for the liquid, spinning The shearing force of the gas and accompanying airflow acts on various points of the liquid, resulting in insufficient fiberization and an increase in droplets. In addition, when these central axes are in a crossing or twisting position, the shearing force due to the gas and the accompanying airflow does not act or even if it acts, the fibers cannot be formed stably. “Parallel” means that the central axis Al of the liquid columnar hollow H1 in the liquid discharge direction and the central axis Ag of the gas columnar hollow Hg in the gas discharge direction can be located on the same plane. It means that. Further, the “ejection direction central axis” is a straight line formed by connecting the center of the ejection part and the center of the cross section of the virtual columnar part.

One aspect of the spinning unit that can be used as the spinning device of the present invention is that, as shown in FIG. 1B, when the gas columnar shape is cut along a plane C perpendicular to the central axis of the gas columnar hollow portion Hg. the shortest straight line L ₁ distance between the outer periphery of the cut surface of the outer peripheral and the liquid columnar hollow for Hl of the cut surface of the hollow portion Hg, can be drawn only one. The gas discharged from the gas columnar hollow part Hg and the accompanying airflow act in a straight line on the spinning solution discharged from the liquid columnar hollow part Hl, exhibiting a shearing action, Generation of droplets can be suppressed and spinning can be stably performed.

  Although not shown in FIG. 1A, when the spinning solution is obtained by dissolving a polymer in a solvent, the liquid discharge nozzle Nl is provided with a spinning solution storage device (for example, a syringe, a stainless tank, a plastic). A gas discharge nozzle Ng is connected to a gas supply device (for example, a compressor, a gas cylinder, a blower, etc.), or a tank or a resin bag made of vinyl chloride resin or polyethylene resin. Further, when the spinning solution is obtained by heating and melting a polymer, the liquid discharge nozzle Nl is connected to a supply device such as an extruder or a metal syringe heated by a heater, and the gas discharge nozzle Ng is connected to a heater. Connected to supply devices such as compressors, gas cylinders and blowers.

  In addition, when an electric field is applied to the spinning liquid, the liquid discharge nozzle Nl may be connected to a voltage application device. Or what is necessary is just to insert a conductive wire in a liquid discharge nozzle and to connect a conductive wire to a voltage application apparatus so that a voltage can be applied with respect to the spinning liquid in the liquid discharge nozzle Nl.

  In the spinning unit of FIG. 1, the liquid discharge nozzle Nl and the gas discharge nozzle Ng are in a fixed state, but are not limited to the mode of FIG. For example, a mechanism that can freely adjust the position of the liquid discharge part El of the liquid discharge nozzle Nl and / or the gas discharge part Eg of the gas discharge nozzle Ng can be provided. Moreover, the columnar hollow part H1 for liquid and the columnar hollow part Hg for gas may be perforated with respect to the base material which has a level | step difference.

  The spinning device that can be used in the present invention may be composed of one spinning unit as shown in FIG. 1, or may be composed of two or more spinning units. If it is composed of two or more spinning units, the productivity of the nonwoven fabric can be increased.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along a plane C in FIG. 2 and FIG. 2, which is an enlarged perspective view of a spinning unit having two liquid discharge portions and one gas discharge portion for another spinning unit of the spinning device that can be used in the present invention. This will be described with reference to FIG.

The spinning unit includes a first liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₁ having a first liquid discharge part El ₁ capable of discharging the spinning liquid at one end and a second liquid discharge part El ₂ capable of discharging the spinning liquid at one end. The second liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₂ has an outer wall surface in contact with the gas discharge nozzle Ng having a gas discharge portion Eg that can discharge gas at one end, and the gas discharge portion Eg of the gas discharge nozzle Ng. Is at a position on the upstream side of both the first liquid discharge part El ₁ and the second liquid discharge part El ₂ . The first liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₁ has a first liquid columnar hollow part Hl ₁ surrounded by a wall material (first liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₁ ) having the first liquid discharge part El ₁ as an end. The second liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₂ has a second liquid columnar hollow part Hl ₂ surrounded by a wall material (second liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₂ ) having the second liquid discharge part El ₂ as an end, and gas discharge The nozzle Ng has a gas columnar hollow Hg with the gas discharge part Eg as an end. Further, wherein the first liquid columnar hollow for the first liquid virtual columnar portion Hvl ₁ and extended gas virtual columnar portion Hvg the columnar hollow Hg for the gas extending the Hl _1, the first liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₁ It is in a state close to a distance corresponding to the sum of the wall thickness of the wall and the gas discharge nozzle Ng, second liquid virtual columnar portion Hvl ₂ and for the gas extending the columnar hollow Hl ₂ for the second liquid the columnar hollow gas virtual columnar portion Hvg which extended Hg, is in a state close to a distance corresponding to the sum of the wall thicknesses of the second liquid wall thickness of the discharge nozzle Nl ₂ and the gas discharge nozzle Ng. Moreover, the first liquid columnar hollow part Hl ₁ has a relationship in which the first liquid discharge direction central axis Al ₁ and the gas columnar hollow part Hg of the gas discharge direction central axis Ag are parallel to each other, and the second liquid columnar shape a hollow portion Hl second liquid ejection direction center axis Al ₂ gas discharging direction center axis of the columnar hollow for gas (Hg) of ₂ Ag is in a parallel relationship. Further, when the gas columnar hollow part Hg is cut along a plane C perpendicular to the central axis Ag of the gas columnar hollow part Hg, the outer shape of the cut surface of the gas columnar hollow part Hg is circular, and the liquid columnar hollow parts Hl ₁ , Hl outer shape of the _second cutting plane one is circular, with respect to the outer periphery of the cut surface of the columnar hollow for gas (Hg), the shortest straight line L1 distance from the outer periphery of the first liquid for the cut surface of the columnar hollow Hl ₁ a one point can be drawn, with respect to the outer periphery of the cut surface of the columnar hollow for gas (Hg), the distance from the outer periphery of the first liquid for the cut surface of the columnar hollow Hl ₁ pulls the shortest straight line L1 the length of the first liquid columnar hollow for the outer periphery of the cut surface of Hl _1, which can is 50% or less of the outer peripheral length of the first liquid for the cut surface of the columnar hollow Hl _1. Similarly, with respect to the outer periphery of the cut surface of the columnar hollow for gas (Hg), the distance from the outer periphery of the second liquid cutting surface of the columnar hollow Hl ₂ can draw a shortest straight line L2 is 1 point , the outer peripheral cutting surface of the columnar hollow for gas (Hg), the second liquid columnar hollow for Hl distance from the outer periphery of the second liquid cutting surface of the columnar hollow Hl ₂ can draw a shortest straight line L2 the length of the outer periphery of the _second cutting plane is 50% or less of the outer peripheral length of the second liquid cutting surface of the columnar hollow Hl _2.

Therefore, when the spinning liquid is supplied to the first liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₁ and the second liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₂ of the spinning unit as shown in FIG. 2 and the gas is supplied to the gas discharge nozzle Ng, the spinning liquid is a columnar shape for the first liquid. The first liquid discharge hollow part El ₁ and the second liquid discharge part El ₂ pass through the hollow part H _{1 1} and the second liquid columnar hollow part Hl ₂ , respectively, and the first axial direction of the first liquid columnar hollow part Hl ₁ , simultaneously discharged respectively to two liquid for the second axial direction of the columnar hollow Hl _2, gas is discharged in the axial direction of the gas columnar hollow for Hg from the street ejecting gas Eg the columnar hollow for gas (Hg). The discharged gas and each discharged spinning solution are close to each other, and in the immediate vicinity of each of the liquid discharging portions El ₁ and El ₂ , the central axis Ag of the discharged gas and each discharged spinning solution The liquid discharge direction central axes Al ₁ and Al ₂ are both in a parallel relationship, and on the C plane, the discharged gas and the discharged spinning liquid are at the closest point in any combination at one place. since there, that is subjected to any of the spinning solution also shearing action of the gas and the accompanying airstream on one straight line shape, diameter reduction while the first solution for a first axis direction of the columnar hollow Hl _1, columnar for the second fluid Each of the hollow parts Hl ₂ flies in the second axial direction to be fiberized. As described above, the spinning unit in FIG. 2 can spin two spinning solutions into a fiber by one gas flow, and can reduce the amount of gas, so that it is easy to prevent the generation of floating fibers. Further, when a means capable of applying an electric field to the spinning solution is provided, the spinning solution that is not drawn by the shearing action of the gas and tends to become droplets is drawn and fiberized by the action of the electric field. In addition, the fibers are charged by the action of the electric field and repel each other, so that the fiber bundles are not formed, and the individual fibers are collected in a dispersed state. Nonwoven fabric can be manufactured.

The first liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₁ and the second liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₂ need only be capable of discharging the spinning liquid, and the outer shapes of the first liquid discharge part El ₁ and the second liquid discharge part El ₂ are not particularly limited. For example, the shape may be a circle, an oval, an ellipse, or a polygon (for example, a triangle, a quadrangle, or a hexagon). A circular shape is preferable so that droplets are not easily generated. That is, when the outer shapes of the first liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₁ and the second liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₂ are circular, when the gas columnar hollow portion Hg is cut along a plane C perpendicular to the central axis Ag of the gas discharge direction, It is possible to draw only one straight line L1, L2 having the shortest distance between the outer periphery of the cut surface of the gas columnar hollow portion Hg and the outer periphery of the liquid columnar hollow portions Hl ₁ and Hl ₂ in any combination. Since it is easy to be in a ready state, the discharged spinning solution is subjected to the shearing action of the gas and the accompanying airflow in a single straight line, and is unlikely to generate droplets. Note that the outer shape of the first liquid discharge unit El ₁ and the second liquid discharge unit El ₂ may be the same or different, but both are preferably circular.

When the shapes of the first liquid discharge unit El ₁ and the second liquid discharge unit El ₂ are polygons, the gas and the accompanying liquid are arranged by arranging one corner of the polygon on the gas discharge nozzle Ng side. It is preferable that the shearing action of the air current is received in a single straight line to make it difficult for droplets to form. That is, when the gas columnar hollow part Hg is cut along a plane C perpendicular to the central axis Ag of the gas columnar hollow part Hg, the outer periphery of the cut surface of the gas columnar hollow part Hg, the first liquid columnar hollow part Hl ₁ , and the second liquid use columnar hollow distance shortest straight line between the outer periphery of the cut surface of Hl ₂ (FIG. 3 (b), (d) , (e) in the L1, L2) and, in any combination, be drawn only one When the first liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₁ and the second liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₂ are arranged so as to be able to perform, the spinning liquid is subjected to the shearing action of the gas and the accompanying airflow in a single straight line, and can be stably spun and droplets It becomes difficult to occur.

Further, although not the size of the first liquid ejection unit El ₁ and the second liquid ejection unit El ₂ is also limited particularly, but is preferably either a 0.0025～3000Mm ^2, is 0.04～500Mm ² More preferably, it is 0.1-3 mm < ² >. If it is smaller than 0.0025 mm ² , it tends to be difficult to discharge a spinning solution having a high viscosity, and if it exceeds 3000 mm ² , it becomes difficult to uniformly apply a shearing action to the entire discharged spinning solution. This is because shots and beads (particle-shaped resin) tend to occur. The size of the first liquid ejection unit El ₁ and the size of the second liquid ejection unit El ₂ may differ even for the same. If they are the same size, it is easy to spin fibers with a uniform fiber diameter.

The first liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₁ and the second liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₂ may be made of metal or resin, and the material is not particularly limited. A metal or resin tube can also be used. If the first liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₁ or the second liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₂ is made of metal, a voltage is applied to the first liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₁ or the second liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₂ so that the spinning liquid On the other hand, an electric field can be applied. Further, in FIG. 2, the cylindrical first liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₁ and the second liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₂ are illustrated, but it is also possible to use an acute angle nozzle whose tip is cut with an inclination. This acute angle nozzle is effective when the spinning solution has a high viscosity. When such an acute angle nozzle is used, if the sharp side is the gas discharge nozzle side, it is easy to be subjected to the shearing action of the gas and the accompanying airflow, and can be stably fiberized.

In FIG. 2, two of the first liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₁ and the second liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₂ are illustrated, but the number of liquid discharge nozzles is not necessarily two, and three or more. (See FIG. 4). The greater the number of liquid discharge nozzles, the more efficiently the gas can be used and the nonwoven fabric can be produced with good productivity.

The gas discharge nozzle Ng only needs to be capable of discharging gas, and the shape of the gas discharge portion Eg is not particularly limited. For example, a circle, an oval, an ellipse, a polygon (for example, a triangle, a rectangle, a hexagon) However, no matter how the liquid discharge parts El ₁ and El ₂ are arranged with respect to the gas discharge part Eg, the spinning liquid discharged from the liquid discharge parts El ₁ and El ₂ The circular shape is preferred so that the gas discharged from the gas discharge portion Eg and the shearing force generated by the accompanying airflow are each applied in a straight line, and the thinned fiber can be easily spun. When the gas discharge portion Eg has a polygonal shape, one corner of the polygon is on the first liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₁ side, and the other corner is on the second liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₂ side. By arranging in, the shearing action of gas and accompanying airflow becomes easy to work. That is, as described above, when the gas columnar hollow part Hg is cut along the plane C perpendicular to the central axis Ag of the gas columnar hollow part Hg, the outer periphery of the cut surface of the gas columnar hollow part Hg and the first liquid columnar hollow part Hl ₁ , straight L1, L2 is the shortest distance between the outer periphery of the second liquid cutting surface of the columnar hollow Hl _2, in any combination, so that the state can be drawn only one first liquid discharge nozzle Nl _{1. When} the second liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₂ is disposed (see FIGS. 3C to 3D), the spinning liquid is subjected to the shearing action of the gas and the accompanying air flow in one straight line, and is unlikely to generate droplets. Become.

Although not limited to particular also the size of the gas discharge portion Eg, is preferably from 0.0025～4000Mm ^2, more preferably from 0.04～800Mm ^2, is 0.5 to 5 mm ² Is more preferable. If less than 0.0025 mm ^2, it becomes difficult to exert a shearing action across the spinning solution discharged, stabilized with because it tends to be difficult to fiberizing, when more than 4000 mm ² Shear This is because a sufficient wind speed is necessary to make the action work, and a large amount of gas is required, so that floating fibers are easily generated.

  The gas discharge nozzle Ng may be made of metal or resin, and its material is not particularly limited. In addition, a tube made of metal or resin can be used instead of the gas discharge nozzle.

The gas discharge nozzle Ng is disposed at a position where the gas discharge portion Eg is located upstream of the first liquid discharge portion El ₁ and the second liquid discharge portion El ₂ (spinning liquid supply side). It is possible to prevent the spinning solution from winding up around the part El ₁ and the second liquid discharge part El ₂ . Therefore, it is possible to perform spinning for a long time without soiling the liquid discharge portions El ₁ and El ₂ . The distance between the gas discharge part Eg and the first liquid discharge part El ₁ or the second liquid discharge part El ₂ is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 mm or less and preferably 5 mm or less. More preferred. This is because if it exceeds 20 mm, the shear force of the gas and the accompanying airflow in the first liquid discharge part El ₁ or the second liquid discharge part El ₂ becomes insufficient, and it tends to be difficult to be fiberized. The lower limit of the distance between the gas discharge part Eg and the first liquid discharge part El ₁ and the second liquid discharge part El ₂ is not particularly limited, and the gas discharge part Eg, the first liquid discharge part El ₁ and the second liquid discharge are not limited. It is preferable that the part El ₂ does not match.

The distance between the gas discharge part Eg and the first liquid discharge part El ₁ or the second liquid discharge part El ₂ may be the same or different, but if they are the same, the same for each spinning liquid. A shearing force of a certain degree can be applied, and spinning is possible stably.

First liquid columnar hollow for Hl ₁ and the second liquid columnar hollow for Hl ₂ is a passing path of the spinning solution, the shape at the time of discharge of the spinning liquid to shape, the columnar hollow for gas (Hg) in the passage path of the gas There is a shape when gas is discharged. In the spinning unit of FIG. 2, any of the first liquid columnar hollow part Hl ₁ , the second liquid columnar hollow part Hl ₂ , and the gas columnar hollow part Hg can form a columnar spinning liquid or gas. The shearing action of the accompanying airflow can be sufficiently applied to each spinning solution and can be made into fibers.

The first liquid virtual columnar part Hvl ₁ extending from the first liquid columnar hollow part Hl ₁ is a flight path immediately after the discharge of the spinning solution discharged from the first liquid discharge part El ₁ , and the second liquid columnar part The second liquid virtual columnar part Hvl ₂ extending the hollow part Hl ₂ is a flight path immediately after the spinning liquid discharged from the second liquid discharge part El _{2 is} discharged, and the gas virtual columnar part extending the gas columnar hollow part Hg. Part Hvg is an ejection path immediately after ejection of the gas ejected from the gas ejection part Eg. The first liquid distance between the virtual columnar portion Hvl ₁ and the gas virtual columnar portion Hvg corresponds to the sum of the wall thicknesses of the first liquid ejection wall thickness of the nozzle Nl ₁ and the gas discharge nozzle Ng, second liquid virtual columnar portion Hvl ₂ is equivalent to the sum of the wall thickness of the second liquid discharge nozzle Nl _{2 and} the wall thickness of the gas discharge nozzle Ng, but the distance is preferably 2 mm or less. The following is more preferable. This is because if it exceeds 2 mm, the shearing force of the gas and the accompanying airflow hardly acts, and it tends to be difficult to be fiberized.

All of the first liquid virtual columnar part Hvl ₁ , the second liquid virtual columnar part Hvl ₂ , and the gas virtual columnar part Hvg have a solid columnar shape. For example, the gas is such that the cylindrical first liquid imaginary part is covered with a hollow cylindrical gas imaginary part or the cylindrical gas imaginary part is covered with a hollow cylindrical first liquid imaginary part. When cut along a plane C perpendicular to the central axis Ag of the virtual columnar part Hvg, the outer periphery of the cut surface of the first liquid columnar hollow part Hl ₁ is separated from the outer periphery of the cut surface of the gas columnar hollow part Hg. distance can be drawn the shortest straight line L1, the length of the outer periphery of the first liquid for the cut surface of the columnar hollow Hl ₁ is 100% of the outer circumference length of the first liquid for the cut surface of the columnar hollow Hl ₁ If so, the shearing force of the gas and the accompanying airflow acts on various points of the spinning solution, resulting in insufficient fiberization and an increase in the number of droplets.

Further, the gas discharge direction central axis Ag of the first liquid ejection direction central axis Al ₁ and gas columnar hollow for Hg of columnar hollow Hl ₁ for the first fluid is parallel, also, columnar hollow for the second fluid since the gas discharge direction central axis Ag of hl ₂ second liquid ejection direction center axis Al ₂ gas columnar hollow for Hg are parallel, the gas and the accompanying airstream to any of the spinning liquid discharged 1 It acts on the straight line of the book and can form fibers stably. For example, the cylindrical first liquid hollow portion is covered with a hollow cylindrical gas hollow portion, or the cylindrical gas hollow portion is covered with a hollow cylindrical first liquid hollow portion. When these central axes coincide with each other, when the gas columnar hollow part Hg is cut along a plane C perpendicular to the central axis of the gas columnar hollow part Hg, the first liquid columnar hollow with respect to the outer periphery of the cut surface of the gas columnar hollow part Hg can be drawn the shortest straight line L1 is a distance from the outer periphery of the cut surface of parts Hl _1, the length of the outer periphery of the first liquid for the cut surface of the columnar hollow Hl ₁ is a columnar hollow Hl ₁ for the first liquid It becomes 100% of the outer peripheral length of the cut surface, the shearing force of the gas and accompanying airflow acts on various points of the spinning solution, the fiberization becomes unstable, and the number of droplets increases. In addition, when these central axes are in a crossing or twisting position, the shearing force due to the gas and the accompanying airflow does not act or even if it acts, the fibers cannot be formed stably.

When the spinning units 2 taken along a plane perpendicular C with respect to the central axis Ag of the columnar hollow for gas (Hg), the cut surface of the columnar hollow for gas (Hg) outer periphery and the columnar hollow Hl ₁ for the first liquid the distance between the outer periphery of the cut surface can draw the shortest straight line L1 only one, the distance between the outer periphery of the outer periphery cut surface of the second liquid columnar hollow for Hl ₂ of the cut surface of the columnar hollow for gas (Hg) Can draw only one straight line L2. Such columnar hollow gas and the accompanying airstream is discharged from the Hg gas is first liquid columnar hollow for Hl spinning solution discharged from the ₁ and the spinning liquid discharged from the second liquid columnar hollow for Hl ₂ Any one of these can act in a straight line, exhibit a shearing action, suppress the generation of droplets, and can stably spin.

Although not shown in FIG. 2, when the spinning solution is obtained by dissolving a polymer in a solvent, the first liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₁ and the second liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₂ are provided with a spinning liquid storage device ( For example, it is connected to a syringe, a stainless steel tank, a plastic tank, or a resin bag made of vinyl chloride resin, polyethylene resin or the like, and the gas discharge nozzle Ng is a gas supply device (for example, a compressor, a gas cylinder, a blower). Etc.). When the spinning solution is obtained by heating and melting the polymer, the first liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₁ and the second liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₂ are connected to a supply device such as an extruder and a metal syringe heated by a heater. The gas discharge nozzle Ng is connected to a supply device such as a compressor, a gas cylinder, or a blower connected to the heater.

Further, if the first liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₁ and the second liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₂ of the spinning unit are connected to a voltage application device, an electric field can be applied to the fiber. Alternatively, in the first liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₁ and / or the second liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₂ so that a voltage can be applied to the spinning liquid in the first liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₁ and / or the second liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₂ . Even if a conductive wire is inserted into the wire and the conductive wire is connected to a voltage application device, an electric field can be applied to the fiber.

In FIG. 2, the first liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₁ , the second liquid discharge nozzle Nl ₂ , and the gas discharge nozzle Ng are fixed, but the present invention is not limited to the mode of FIG. For example, the first liquid ejection unit El ₁ of the first liquid discharge nozzle Nl _1, the second liquid ejection unit El ₂ of the second liquid discharge nozzle Nl _2, and / or the position of the exit for ejecting gas (Eg) of the gas discharge nozzle Ng free You may provide the mechanism which can be adjusted to. Alternatively, the first liquid columnar hollow part Hl ₁ , the second liquid columnar hollow part Hl _2, and the gas columnar hollow part Hg may be perforated on a substrate having a step.

  The spinning device that can be used in the present invention can be composed of one spinning unit as shown in FIG. 2, or can be composed of two or more spinning units. If the spinning device has two or more spinning units, the productivity of the nonwoven fabric can be further enhanced.

  FIG. 5A is a schematic perspective view of the spinning unit and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along the plane C in FIG. 5A with respect to yet another spinning unit of the spinning device that can be used in the present invention. It explains based on.

  The spinning unit in FIG. 5 includes a liquid discharge nozzle Nl1 having a liquid discharge part El that can discharge a spinning liquid at one end, and a gas discharge nozzle Ng1 having a gas discharge part Eg that can discharge a gas at one end. The outer wall surface abuts, and the gas discharge portion Eg of the gas discharge nozzle Ng is at a position upstream of the liquid discharge portion El. The liquid discharge nozzle Nl has a liquid columnar hollow portion Hl with the liquid discharge portion El as an end, and the gas discharge nozzle Ng has a gas columnar hollow portion Hg with the gas discharge portion Eg as an end. doing. The liquid virtual columnar part Hvl extending the liquid columnar hollow part Hl and the gas virtual columnar part Hvg extending the gas columnar hollow part Hg are the wall thickness of the liquid discharge nozzle Nl and the wall of the gas discharge nozzle Ng. They are in close proximity to each other by a distance corresponding to the sum of the thicknesses. In addition, the liquid discharge direction central axis Al of the liquid columnar hollow portion Hl and the gas discharge direction central axis Ag of the gas columnar hollow portion Hg are parallel to each other. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), which is a sectional view cut along a plane C perpendicular to the central axis of the gas columnar hollow portion Hg, the outer shape of the cut surface of the gas columnar hollow portion Hg, the liquid columnar shape The outer shape of the cut surface of the hollow portion Hl is a quadrangle (square), and two or more (infinite) straight lines having the shortest distance between the outer circumferences can be drawn. Further, as can be seen from the cut view cut along the plane C perpendicular to the central axis of the gas columnar hollow part Hg in FIG. 5B, the liquid is applied to the outer periphery of the cut surface of the gas columnar hollow part Hg. The length of the outer periphery of the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow portion Hl (Cl in FIG. 5B) that can draw a straight line having the shortest distance from the outer periphery of the cut surface of the columnar hollow portion H1 is the liquid columnar hollow. It is 25% of the outer peripheral length of the cut surface of the portion Hl.

  Therefore, when the spinning solution is supplied to the liquid discharge nozzle Nl of the spinning unit as shown in FIG. 5 and the gas is supplied to the gas discharge nozzle Ng, the spinning solution passes through the liquid columnar hollow portion Hl and from the liquid discharge portion El to the liquid columnar shape. At the same time as being discharged in the axial direction of the hollow part Hl, the gas passes through the gas columnar hollow part Hg and is discharged from the gas discharge part Eg in the axial direction of the gas columnar hollow part Hg. Since the discharged gas and the discharged spinning liquid are in close proximity to each other, and the gas discharge direction and the spinning liquid discharge direction are in a parallel relationship, the spinning liquid is subjected to a shearing action due to the accompanying air flow, and has a small diameter. The liquid columnar hollow portion Hl flies in the axial direction while being converted into a fiber.

  In the spinning unit as shown in FIG. 5, two or more straight lines having the shortest distance between the outer periphery of the cut surface of the gas columnar hollow portion Hg and the outer periphery of the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow portion Hl (innumerable) ) Since the spinning solution can be subjected to shearing action due to the accompanying airflow at two or more places, it can be used for gas when cut along a plane C perpendicular to the central axis of the gas columnar hollow Hg. The length Cl of the outer periphery of the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow portion Hl that can draw a straight line having the shortest distance from the outer periphery of the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow portion Hl with respect to the outer periphery of the cut surface of the columnar hollow portion Hg. However, when spinning is actually performed in the case where the outer peripheral length of the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow H1 is 50% or less, generation of droplets can be suppressed and spinning can be stably performed.

  Since the gas discharge portion Eg is located upstream of the liquid discharge portion El, the inventors of the present invention have a columnar shape from the square column state while the gas discharged from the gas discharge portion Eg reaches the liquid discharge portion El. Alternatively, it is considered that the spinning solution that diffuses in the shape of an elliptical column and is similarly discharged from the liquid discharge unit El becomes a hemispherical shape from the square column state due to the action of surface tension and gravity. Thus, the accompanying airflow of a cylindrical or elliptical column gas acts on the hemispherical spinning solution, that is, the accompanying airflow continuously acts on the spinning solution in a state close to one place. Therefore, it is considered that stable spinning can be achieved by suppressing the generation of droplets.

  Thus, it is possible to draw two or more (innumerable) straight lines having the shortest distance between the outer periphery of the cut surface of the gas columnar hollow portion Hg and the outer periphery of the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow portion Hl. As shown in FIG. 5, both the cut surface of the gas columnar hollow portion Hg and the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow portion Hl may be square (rectangular) and excellent in workability. The number of spinning units can be increased, and as a result, the spinning device can be excellent in productivity.

  The liquid discharge nozzle Nl only needs to be capable of discharging the spinning solution, and the shape of the liquid discharge part El is not particularly limited, but the shape of the liquid discharge part El is, for example, circular, oval, elliptical, It can be a square (eg, triangle, square, hexagon). Among these, a quadrangular shape is preferable because it is particularly excellent in processability and can increase the number of spinning units per unit length.

Although not limited to particular also the size of the liquid delivery unit El, is preferably from 0.0025～3000Mm ^2, more preferably from 0.04～500Mm ^2, is 0.1 to 3 mm ² Is more preferable. If it is smaller than 0.0025 mm ² , it tends to be difficult to discharge a spinning solution having a high viscosity, and if it exceeds 3000 mm ² , it becomes difficult to uniformly apply a shearing action to the entire discharged spinning solution. This is because shots and beads (particle-shaped resin) tend to occur.

  In addition, it is preferable that contactable length (Cl in FIG.5 (b)) with the gas of the spinning liquid discharged from the liquid discharge part El is 0.05-3000 mm. If it is shorter than 0.05 mm, it tends to be difficult to discharge a spinning solution having a high viscosity, and machining to form the liquid discharge portion El tends to be difficult. On the other hand, if the thickness exceeds 3000 mm, it is difficult to apply a shearing action uniformly to the entire discharged spinning solution, which tends to cause shots and beads (particle-shaped resin).

  The liquid discharge part El in the spinning unit of FIG. 5 is a region completely surrounded by the wall material, a region incompletely surrounded by the wall material (including a region not completely surrounded by the wall material), and Means the boundary part of

  The liquid discharge nozzle Nl may be made of metal or resin, and the material is not particularly limited. If the liquid discharge nozzle Nl is made of metal, an electric field can be applied to the spinning liquid by applying a voltage to the liquid discharge nozzle Nl. Further, in FIG. 5, the prismatic liquid discharge nozzle Nl is illustrated, but an acute angle nozzle whose tip is cut with an inclination may be used. This acute angle nozzle is effective when the spinning solution has a high viscosity. When such an acute angle nozzle is used, it is preferable that the sharp side is the gas discharge nozzle side so that the gas does not directly act on the spinning solution. This is because when gas acts directly on the spinning solution, droplets are likely to be generated.

  The gas discharge nozzle Ng only needs to be capable of discharging gas, and the shape of the gas discharge portion Eg is not particularly limited, but for example, a circle, an oval, an ellipse, a polygon (for example, a triangle, a quadrangle, a six, etc.) Square). Among these, a quadrangular shape is preferable because it is particularly excellent in processability and can increase the number of spinning units per unit length.

Although not limited to particular also the size of the gas discharge portion Eg, is preferably from 0.0025～4000Mm ^2, more preferably from 0.04～800Mm ^2, is 0.5 to 5 mm ² Is more preferable. If less than 0.0025 mm ^2, tend to be difficult to exert a shearing action to the whole discharged spinning solution, stable at because it tends to be difficult to fiberizing by more than 4000 mm ² This is because a sufficient wind speed is required to make the shearing action work, a large amount of gas is required, and floating fibers are likely to be generated.

  In addition, the contactable length (Cg in FIG. 5B) of the gas discharged from the gas discharge unit Eg with the spinning solution may be longer than the contactable length of the spinning solution gas (Cl). There is no particular limitation.

  The gas discharge portion Eg in the spinning unit of FIG. 5 includes a region completely surrounded by the wall material and a region incompletely surrounded by the wall material (including a region not surrounded by the wall material at all). It means the boundary part.

  The gas discharge nozzle Ng may be made of metal or resin, and its material is not particularly limited.

  Since the gas discharge nozzle Ng is disposed at a position where the gas discharge portion Eg is upstream of the liquid discharge portion El, it is possible to prevent the spinning solution from winding up around the liquid discharge portion. Therefore, it is possible to perform spinning for a long time without polluting the liquid discharge part El. In addition, since the gas discharge part Eg is arranged on the upstream side of the liquid discharge part El, the discharged gas becomes a columnar shape or an elliptical column shape, and the accompanying airflow of the gas can act on the spinning solution. Therefore, it is considered that the generation of droplets can be suppressed and spinning can be performed.

  The distance between the gas discharge part Eg and the liquid discharge part El is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 mm or less, and more preferably 5 mm or less. This is because if the thickness exceeds 20 mm, the shearing force of the accompanying airflow with respect to the spinning solution becomes insufficient, and it tends to be difficult to form fibers. The lower limit of the difference in distance between the gas discharge part Eg and the liquid discharge part El is not particularly limited, and it is preferable that the gas discharge part Eg and the liquid discharge part El do not match. Thus, since the gas discharge part Eg is located upstream from the liquid discharge part El, the discharge direction of the spinning liquid is always between the gas discharge part Eg and the liquid discharge part El in the discharge direction of the spinning liquid. Means that there is a wall material extending to Since the spinning solution and the gas are discharged in parallel, the accompanying airflow of the cylindrical or elliptical columnar gas acts on the spinning solution, so that stable spinning can be performed.

  The liquid columnar hollow portion Hl is a passage for spinning liquid and forms a shape when the spinning solution is discharged, and the gas columnar hollow portion Hg is a passage passage for gas and forms a shape when discharging the gas. Each of the liquid columnar hollow portion Hl and the gas columnar hollow portion Hg is formed by being surrounded by a wall material. In FIG. 5, each of the liquid columnar hollow portion Hl and the gas columnar hollow portion Hg is made of a wall material made of one material, but the wall material may be made of two or more materials. it can.

  The liquid imaginary columnar part Hvv extending the liquid columnar hollow part Hl is a flight path immediately after the discharge of the spinning solution discharged from the liquid discharge part El, and the gas imaginary columnar part Hvg extending the gas columnar hollow part Hg. Is an ejection path immediately after ejection of the gas ejected from the gas ejection section Eg. The distance between the liquid virtual columnar part Hvl and the gas virtual columnar part Hvg corresponds to the sum of the wall thickness of the liquid discharge nozzle Nl and the wall thickness of the gas discharge nozzle Ng, but this distance is preferably 2 mm or less. More preferably, it is 1 mm or less. This is because if the thickness exceeds 2 mm, the shearing force of the accompanying airflow is less likely to act and the fiber is less likely to be fiberized.

  The liquid virtual columnar part Hvl and the gas virtual columnar part Hvg are both columnar solid. For example, when a prismatic liquid imaginary part is covered with a hollow prismatic gas imaginary part, or a prismatic gas imaginary part is covered with a hollow prismatic liquid imaginary part, the entire spinning solution On the other hand, the shearing force of the accompanying airflow acts from the outer periphery or the inner periphery, and the number of shots and beads (particle-shaped resin) increases.

  Further, the central axis Al of the liquid columnar hollow H1 in the liquid discharge direction and the central axis Ag of the gas columnar hollow Hg in the gas discharge direction are parallel and not directly to the discharged spinning solution but indirectly. Since the accompanying airflow can be applied, stable spinning can be performed. For example, if these central axes are at the position of crossing or twisting, the shearing force due to the accompanying airflow does not act, or even if it acts, it is non-uniform, so that the fibers cannot be spun stably.

  When the spinning unit in FIG. 5 is cut along a plane (C) perpendicular to the central axis of the gas columnar hollow part Hg, the outer periphery of the cut surface of the gas columnar hollow part Hg and the liquid columnar hollow part Hl Two or more (infinite) straight lines having the shortest distance from the outer periphery of the cut surface can be drawn. Even in this case, stable spinning can be performed. Since the gas discharge portion Eg is located upstream of the liquid discharge portion El, the inventors of the present invention have a columnar shape from the square column state while the gas discharged from the gas discharge portion Eg reaches the liquid discharge portion El. Alternatively, it is considered that the spinning solution that diffuses in the shape of an elliptical column and is similarly discharged from the liquid discharge unit El becomes a hemispherical shape from the square column state due to the action of surface tension and gravity. Thus, the accompanying airflow of a cylindrical or elliptical column gas acts on the hemispherical spinning solution, that is, the accompanying airflow continuously acts on the spinning solution in a state close to one place. Therefore, it is considered that stable spinning can be achieved by suppressing the generation of droplets.

  Thus, it is possible to draw two or more (innumerable) straight lines having the shortest distance between the outer periphery of the cut surface of the gas columnar hollow portion Hg and the outer periphery of the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow portion Hl. As shown in FIG. 5, both the cut surface of the gas columnar hollow portion Hg and the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow portion Hl may be square (rectangular). In this way, since the square shape is excellent in workability, the number of spinning units per unit length can be increased, and as a result, a spinning device excellent in productivity can be obtained.

  The spinning unit in FIG. 5 has a liquid columnar hollow portion with respect to the outer periphery of the cut surface of the gas columnar hollow portion Hg when cut along a plane (C) perpendicular to the central axis of the gas columnar hollow portion Hg. The perimeter length Cl of the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow H1 that can draw a straight line having the shortest distance from the outer perimeter of the H1 cut surface is 50% or less of the outer perimeter of the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow H1. It is. That is, when the shearing action by the gas is 50% or less of the outer peripheral length of the spinning solution, the spinning solution is partially subjected to the shearing action by the gas and can be stably spun without generating shots or beads. In addition, with respect to the outer periphery of the cut surface of the gas columnar hollow portion Hg, the length of the outer periphery that can draw a straight line having the shortest distance from the outer periphery of the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow portion Hl is shown in FIG. Corresponds to Cl. For example, a liquid columnar hollow part so that a cylindrical liquid virtual part is covered with a hollow cylindrical gas virtual part or a cylindrical gas virtual part is covered with a hollow cylindrical liquid virtual part When the outer peripheral length Cl that can draw a straight line having the shortest distance from the outer periphery of the Hl cut surface is 100% of the outer peripheral length of the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow Hl, the liquid discharge unit El discharges the liquid. As shown in Fig. 5, the shearing force of the accompanying airflow acts discontinuously from the outer or inner periphery of the spinning solution, and the number of shots and beads tends to increase. If so, spinning can be performed without generating shots or beads.

  Although not shown in FIG. 5, when the spinning solution is obtained by dissolving a polymer in a solvent, the liquid discharge nozzle Nl is provided with a spinning solution storage device (for example, a syringe, a stainless steel tank, a plastic tank, or Is connected to a resin bag made of vinyl chloride resin, polyethylene resin or the like, and the gas discharge nozzle Ng is connected to a gas supply device (for example, a compressor, a gas cylinder, a blower, etc.). Further, when the spinning solution is obtained by heating and melting a polymer, the liquid discharge nozzle Nl is connected to a supply device such as an extruder or a metal syringe heated by a heater, and the gas discharge nozzle Ng is connected to a heater. Connected to supply devices such as compressors, gas cylinders and blowers.

  FIG. 5 shows a spinning unit having one liquid discharge part El and one gas discharge part Eg, but a spinning unit having two or more liquid discharge parts with respect to one gas discharge part Eg. Also good. In this case, since it can spin efficiently, the productivity of a nonwoven fabric improves.

  When the spinning device of the present invention has a spinning unit as shown in FIG. 5, the number of spinning units may be one, but when there are two or more, the productivity of the nonwoven fabric is excellent. For example, the distance between the spinning units is preferably 10 mm or less. Since the liquid discharge part El and the gas discharge part Eg in the spinning unit are non-circular, such as a quadrangle, because the processability is excellent, the distance between the spinning units can be 10 mm or less. The distance between the spinning units may be regular or irregular, but if the distance is regular, the fibers can be accumulated in a uniformly dispersed state, and as a result, a nonwoven fabric with excellent texture can be produced. Note that the “inter-spinning unit distance” refers to the distance between the centers of the gas discharge portions Eg in adjacent spinning units.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic cutaway view of a part of the spinning device that can be used in the present invention, cut along a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the gas columnar hollow Hg, as in FIG. 5B. A brief description will be given based on FIG.

FIG. 6 shows a spinning device having a plurality of spinning units Nu corresponding to two square columnar hollow portions Hl ₁ and Hl ₂ for one square columnar gas hollow portion Hg. In this spinning apparatus, since the two liquid columnar hollow portions Hl ₁ and Hl ₂ are the corresponding spinning units Nu for one gas columnar hollow portion Hg, the nonwoven fabric can be manufactured with high productivity. . In the spinning unit Nu of FIG. 6, two columnar hollow portions for liquid Hl ₁ and Hl ₂ are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the length direction L of the spinning device.

FIG. 7 is a spinning device having a plurality of spinning units Nu corresponding to two square columnar hollow portions for liquid Hl ₁ and Hl _{2 with} respect to one square columnar hollow portion for gas Hg, as in FIG. The difference is that two spinning column-shaped hollow portions Hl ₁ and Hl ₂ are arranged in the same direction as the length direction L of the spinning device in the spinning unit Nu. Even with the spinning device as shown in FIG. 7, a nonwoven fabric can be produced with high productivity.

FIG. 8 is similar to FIG. 7 except that the spinning unit Nu is arranged, but the two liquid columnar hollow portions Hl ₁ and Hl _{2 having a} circular cross section correspond to one gas columnar hollow portion Hg having a small cross section. The difference is that a plurality of spinning units Nu are provided. Thus, it is not necessary to be a combination of squares. Even with the spinning device as shown in FIG. 8, a nonwoven fabric can be produced with high productivity. In the spinning unit Nu of FIG. 8, when the gas columnar hollow part Hg is cut along a plane C perpendicular to the central axis of the gas columnar hollow part Hg, the liquid columnar shape with respect to the outer periphery of the cut surface of the gas columnar hollow part Hg. the length of the outer periphery of the cut surface of the hollow portion Hl ₁ or liquid columnar hollow for liquid columnar hollow for Hl distance from the outer periphery of the cut surface of Hl ₂ can draw a shortest straight line ₁ or the liquid columnar hollow for Hl ₂ This is 50% of the outer peripheral length of the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow part Hl ₁ or the liquid columnar hollow part Hl ₂ in any of the liquid columnar hollow parts Hl ₁ and Hl ₂ . Even in such a case, it has been experimentally confirmed that spinning is possible.

FIG. 9 shows a spinning device having a plurality of spinning units Nu corresponding to four quadrangular liquid columnar hollow portions Hl ₁ , Hl ₂ , Hl ₃ , and Hl ₄ for one square gas columnar hollow portion Hg. In this spinning device, the four liquid columnar hollow portions Hl ₁ , Hl ₂ , Hl ₃ , and Hl ₄ correspond to one gas columnar hollow portion Hg, so that the productivity is further improved. Nonwoven fabrics can be manufactured.

FIG. 10 shows a spinning having a spinning unit Nu corresponding to one square columnar hollow portion for gas Hg and six square columnar hollow portions for liquid Hl ₁ , Hl ₂ , Hl ₃ , Hl ₄ , Hl ₅ , Hl _6. Device. In this spinning device, for each gas columnar hollow portion Hg, four liquid columnar hollow portions Hl ₁ , Hl ₂ , Hl ₃ , Hl ₄ , Hl ₅ , and Hl ₆ are corresponding spinning units Nu. Therefore, the nonwoven fabric can be produced with higher productivity. In the spinning unit Nu of FIG. 10, each liquid columnar hollow part Hl ₁ , Hl ₂ , Hl ₃ and each liquid columnar hollow part Hl ₄ , Hl ₅ , Hl ₆ are provided via the gas columnar hollow part Hg. Although they are arranged to face each other, they do not have to face each other, and they may be arranged regularly or irregularly like a staggered pattern. By disposing in this way, the fibers spun through the liquid columnar hollow portions Hl ₁ , Hl ₂ , Hl ₃ and the liquid columnar hollow portions Hl ₄ , Hl ₅ , Hl ₆ Since the spun fibers do not completely overlap, it is easy to collect the fibers in a dispersed state, and as a result, it is easy to produce a nonwoven fabric with excellent texture.

  For better understanding of the spinning device that can be used in the present invention, FIG. 11 (a) is an exploded perspective view showing the spinning device, FIG. 11 (b) is a side view of the spinning device in the direction A, and the spinning device. A description will be given with reference to FIG.

  The spinning device in FIG. 11 has a structure in which a spinning liquid storage member Ss, a liquid hollow portion forming wall material Wl, a hollow portion forming wall material Wa, a gas hollow portion forming wall material Wg, and a gas storage member Sg are laminated in this order.

  The spinning solution storage member Ss is connected to a spinning solution supply device (not shown) and supplied with the spinning solution. Since the spinning solution storage member Ss has a storage portion Sr formed of a hollow portion having an oval cross section at the center, the supplied spinning solution is stored in the entire storage portion, and then uniformly applied by applying pressure evenly. The spinning solution can be supplied to the columnar hollow for liquid. Further, the lower part (on the drawing) of the spinning solution storage member Ss is a smooth surface without a hollow portion or the like, and acts as one wall surface of the liquid columnar hollow portion.

  The liquid hollow portion forming wall material Wl is formed with a slit S extending from one end of the liquid hollow portion forming wall material Wl so that a liquid columnar hollow portion can be formed. By forming the slit S, the wall surface in the thickness direction of the liquid hollow portion forming wall material Wl can act as the wall surface of the liquid columnar hollow portion. Note that the upper end of the slit S opens in a circular shape. Therefore, the spinning solution can be uniformly supplied from the spinning solution storage member Ss to the columnar hollow portion for liquid through the opening.

  The hollow portion forming wall material Wa is a flat plate having a smooth surface without a hollow portion or the like, and acts as one wall surface of the liquid columnar hollow portion. Thus, the liquid columnar hollow portion can be formed by being surrounded by the lower smooth surface of the spinning solution storage member Ss, the thickness direction wall surface of the liquid hollow portion forming wall member Wl, and the smooth surface of the hollow portion forming wall member Wa. Thus, in the embodiment of FIG. 11, the slit S is inserted into the liquid hollow portion forming wall material Wl, and the liquid hollow portion forming wall material Wl is sandwiched between the spinning solution storage member Ss and the hollow portion forming wall material Wa. Since the liquid columnar hollow portion can be formed, the distance between the liquid discharge portions can be extremely shortened. Therefore, a nonwoven fabric can be manufactured with high productivity. Further, since it is only necessary to enter the slit S in the liquid hollow portion forming wall material Wl, the positional relationship between the liquid columnar hollow portion and the gas columnar hollow portion can be easily adjusted. Furthermore, after spinning, each member can be disassembled, and each member can be cleaned, so that maintenance is excellent.

  The gas storage member Sg is connected to a gas supply device (not shown) and supplied with gas. Since the gas storage member Sg has a storage part consisting of a hollow part having an oval cross section at the center, the supplied gas is stored in the entire storage part, and then the gas is uniformly applied by applying pressure evenly. It can supply to the columnar hollow part for gas. Further, the lower side (on the drawing) of the gas storage member Sg is a smooth surface having no hollow portion or the like, and acts as one wall surface of the gas columnar hollow portion.

The gas hollow portion forming wall member Wg is formed with a slit S extending from one end of the gas hollow portion forming wall member Wg so that a gas columnar hollow portion can be formed. By forming the slit S, the wall surface in the thickness direction of the gas hollow portion forming wall material Wg can act as the wall surface of the gas columnar hollow portion. Note that the upper end of the slit S opens in a circular shape. Therefore, gas can be uniformly supplied from the gas storage member Sg through the opening. In addition, since the height (on the paper surface, vertical direction) of the gas hollow portion forming wall material Wg is lower than the liquid hollow portion forming wall material Wl, it is higher than the liquid discharge portions El ₁ , El ₂ , El ₃ , El _4. Gas discharge portions Eg ₁ , Eg ₂ , Eg ₃ , Eg ₄ can be arranged on the upstream side. Further, the central axis of the slit S of the gas hollow portion forming wall member Wg is such that the gas can efficiently act on the spinning solution. Are parallel to each other.

As described above, the hollow portion forming wall material Wa is a flat plate having a smooth surface without a hollow portion, and also functions as one wall surface of the columnar hollow portion for gas. Thus, the gas columnar hollow portion can be formed by being surrounded by the lower smooth surface of the gas storage member Sg, the thickness direction wall surface of the gas hollow portion forming wall member Wg, and the smooth surface of the hollow portion forming wall member Wa. As described above, in the embodiment of FIG. 11, the gas S is simply formed by inserting the slit S in the gas hollow portion forming wall member Wg and sandwiching the gas hollow portion forming wall member Wg between the gas storage member Sg and the hollow portion forming wall member Wa. Since the columnar hollow portion can be formed, the distance between the gas discharge portions can be made very short. Therefore, a nonwoven fabric can be manufactured with high productivity. The spinning unit Nu in the spinning device of FIG. 11 is, as shown in FIG. 11C, in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the spinning device, gas discharge sections Eg ₁ , Eg ₂ , Eg ₃ , Eg _The liquid discharge portions El ₁ , El ₂ , El ₃ , and El ₄ are each opposed to one place.

In the spinning device of FIG. 11, the gas hollow portion forming wall material Wg having a slit S is used, but the gas hollow portion forming wall material Wg does not need to be the slit S. For example, as shown in FIG. 12, the lower part of the gas hollow portion forming wall material Wg may be punched into a rectangle. When the gas hollow portion forming wall material Wg of FIG. 12 is used, similarly to FIG. 10, the square liquid discharge portions El ₁ , El ₂ , El ₃ , El ₄ 4 for one square gas discharge portion Eg. One of the spinning devices has a corresponding spinning unit Nu.

  Further, in the spinning device of FIG. 11, although the liquid hollow portion forming wall material Wl and the gas hollow portion forming wall material Wg are used, the liquid hollow portion forming wall material Wl and / or the gas hollow portion are used. The part forming wall material Wg can be omitted. This aspect will be described with reference to FIG.

  The spinning device in FIG. 13 has a structure in which a spinning solution storage member Ss, a hollow portion forming wall material Wa, and a gas storage member Sg are laminated in order.

  The spinning solution storage member Ss of FIG. 13 has a groove d that extends from the lower end of the spinning solution storage member Ss to the storage portion Sr below (on the drawing) the spinning solution storage member Ss of FIG. The point is different. The groove d constitutes a part of the liquid columnar hollow.

  The hollow portion forming wall material Wa is a flat plate having a smooth surface without a hollow portion or the like, and acts as one wall surface of the liquid columnar hollow portion. Thus, the liquid columnar hollow portion can be formed by surrounding the groove d below the spinning solution storage member Ss with the smooth surface of the hollow portion forming wall material Wa. As described above, in the embodiment of FIG. 13, the liquid columnar hollow portion can be formed simply by forming the groove d in the spinning solution storage member Ss and bringing it into contact with the hollow portion forming wall material Wa. The distance can be very short. Therefore, a nonwoven fabric can be manufactured with high productivity. In addition, as shown in FIG.13 (c), the shape of the liquid columnar hollow part does not need to be the same, and a shape which is different for every liquid columnar hollow part may be sufficient.

  On the other hand, the gas storage member Sg in FIG. 13 is different from the gas storage member Sg in FIG. 11 in that a groove is provided below the spinning solution storage member Ss (on the drawing) from the lower end of the gas storage member Sg to the storage portion. To do. This groove forms part of the columnar hollow for gas.

  The hollow portion forming wall material Wa is a flat plate having a smooth surface without a hollow portion or the like, and also functions as one wall surface of the columnar hollow portion for gas. Thus, the columnar hollow portion for gas can be formed by surrounding the groove below the gas storage member Sg with the smooth surface of the hollow portion forming wall material Wa. As described above, in the embodiment of FIG. 13, a gas columnar hollow portion can be formed simply by forming a groove in the gas storage member Sg and abutting against the hollow portion forming wall material Wa. Can be very short. Therefore, a nonwoven fabric can be manufactured with high productivity. As shown in FIG. 13C, the shape of the gas columnar hollow portion is not necessarily the same, and may be different for each gas columnar hollow portion. In FIG. 13, grooves are formed in both the spinning solution storage member Ss and the gas storage member Sg, but the groove is formed in only one of them, and the other is the same for the liquid or gas as in FIG. 11. The columnar hollow portion for liquid or the columnar hollow portion for gas can also be formed by sandwiching the hollow portion forming wall materials Wl and Wg.

In the spinning device of FIG. 13, a gas storage member Sg having a groove is used, but the gas storage member Sg does not need to be a groove. For example, as shown in FIG. 14, the lower part of the gas storage member Sg may have an opening having a rectangular cross section connected to an oval hollow part. When the gas storage member Sg of FIG. 14 is used, as in FIG. 10, four square liquid discharge portions El ₁ , El ₂ , El ₃ , El ₄ correspond to one square gas discharge portion Eg. The spinning device has a unit Nu.

  In the spinning device that can be used in the present invention, the shape and / or size of the liquid discharge portion El and / or the gas discharge portion Eg may be the same or different between the spinning units. When the shape and size of the liquid discharge portion El and the shape and size of the gas discharge portion Eg are the same in any spinning unit Nu, fibers having a uniform fiber diameter can be spun. Similarly, the distance between the liquid discharge portion El and the gas discharge portion Eg may be the same or different between the spinning units. When the distance between the liquid discharge part El and the gas discharge part Eg is the same in any spinning unit Nu, fibers having a uniform fiber diameter can be spun.

  6 to 14, the spinning units Nu are arranged in a straight line, but the spinning units Nu do not have to be arranged in a straight line. For example, the same effect can be obtained even if the spinning units Nu are arranged in a curved line, a wavy line, a circular shape, an X shape, a U shape, a spiral shape, a triangular shape, a quadrangular shape, or a combination thereof.

  Further, a mechanism capable of moving the spinning device itself back and forth and / or left and right can be provided. By providing such a mechanism, it is possible to uniformly disperse the fibers, and thus it is easier to produce a nonwoven fabric with a uniform texture.

  The spinning device that can be used in the present invention has been described above. However, the spinning device of the present invention is not limited to the spinning device as described above, and any conventionally known melt-blowing device can be used.

  The non-woven fabric production apparatus of the present invention comprises (b) a spinning device that can collect fibers spun by the spinning device in addition to (a) the spinning device as described above, and (c) a porous collector that can move in one direction. A first suction device located on the side opposite to the fiber collection surface of the porous collection body, and (d) a side opposite to the fiber collection surface of the porous collection body, and upstream from the first suction device. And a second suction device having a lower static pressure and a higher flow rate than the first suction device, and the spinning device has a specific arrangement. The nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 15 which is a schematic cross-sectional explanatory diagram of an example of the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.

The nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus of FIG. 15 is connected to the liquid discharge nozzle Nl of the spinning apparatus 1 in addition to the spinning apparatus 1 as described above, and is capable of collecting the spun fibers, the power supply 2 that can apply a voltage to the liquid discharge nozzle Nl. A porous collector 3 that can move in one direction, a first suction device 4 ₁ that is located on the opposite side of the fiber collection surface of the porous collector 3 and sucks mainly spun fibers; located upstream from the opposite side, and the first suction device 4 ₁ and the fiber collection surface of Atsumaritai 3, primarily to suck the gas, the first suction device 4 _first low static pressure and high flow than the 2 suction device 4 _2, the opposite side to the fiber collection surface of the porous collecting member 3, and is disposed on the first suction device 4 _first suction Prompt, grounded conductive electrically aspirated spun fibers body group 5, the spinning device 1, power supply 2, the porous collecting member 3, the first and second suction device _{4 1} 4 2 and spinning the container 6 can hold conductor group ₅ comprises the spinning chamber 6 a predetermined relative humidity vessel for a gas supply device which gas can be supplied to, and an exhaust system capable of exhausting the gas in the spinning container 6. Further, the spinning device 1 is connected to a spinning solution supply device that can supply the spinning solution to the solution discharge nozzle Nl, and is connected to a spinning gas supply device that can supply a gas to the gas discharge nozzle Ng. In addition, as FIG. 16 shows an explanatory diagram of the relationship between the central axis Al of the liquid discharge direction from the spinning device 1 and the collection surface of the porous collector 3, the central axis Al of the liquid discharge direction from the spinning device 1 is the first. together with the reaching point a to reach the collection surface of the porous collecting member 3 corresponding to the suction device 4 _first suction port, the collecting surface of the downstream side of the reach point a and the liquid discharge direction central axis Al The spinning device 1 is tilted so that the formed angle α is an acute angle.

In the case of such a nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus, the spinning solution is supplied to the liquid discharge nozzle Nl by the spinning solution supply device, and at the same time, the gas is supplied to the gas discharge nozzle Ng by the spinning gas supply device. At the same time, an electric field can be applied to the spinning liquid by applying a voltage to the liquid discharge nozzle Nl by the power source 2, so that the spinning liquid discharged from the liquid discharge nozzle Nl was discharged from the gas discharge nozzle Ng. drawn by the shearing action of the gas, as well as fiberization is not drawn by the shearing action of the gas tends spinning solution becomes droplets into fibers is stretched by the action of an electric field, the suction and conductor by the first suction device 4 ₁ by electrical attraction force by the group 5, it flies toward the first suction device 4 _1. In addition, the fibers are charged by the action of the electric field and repel each other, so that the fiber bundles are not formed, and the individual fibers are collected in a dispersed state. Nonwoven fabric can be manufactured. Since the conductor group 5 is located on the side opposite to the fiber collection surface of the porous collection body 3, it does not interfere with fiber accumulation. At this time, gas is sucked into the second suction device 4 ₂ low static pressure and high flow than the first suction device 4 _1, since the occurrence of the stray fibers can be suppressed, it can be produced a nonwoven fabric excellent in texture At the same time, since the suspended fiber adheres to the liquid discharge nozzle Nl and the like of the spinning device 1 and is not contaminated, the nonwoven fabric can be manufactured continuously. As described above, the fiber collecting action and the gas sucking action can be separated, and it is not necessary to suck the gas through the non-woven fabric having a dense structure. order to prevent a fiber, since it is possible to continuously manufacture a nonwoven fabric having excellent texture can be used first suction device 4 _first and second suction device 4 ₂ having a minimum necessary suction capacity, It is an inexpensive non-woven fabric manufacturing device with excellent energy efficiency. Furthermore, since the spinning device 1 is spinning fibers by the action of gas, even when the viscosity of the spinning solution is high, spinning can be stably performed. Furthermore, the fiber can be spun by the action of gas, and can be spun at a voltage lower than that of the conventional electrospinning method, and the individual fibers can be accumulated in a dispersed state. It is possible to produce a nonwoven fabric that is bulkier than the produced nonwoven fabric.

In addition, since the spinning device 1 is inclined, the fiber collection range can be widened. Therefore, it is difficult to lower the first suction device 4 _first suction capacity, also by the porous collecting member 3 moves, for gradually trapped, it is possible to produce a nonwoven fabric having excellent texture. That is, in the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus of FIG. 15, the porous collecting member 3 on paper, but is movable from right to left, on paper, in a region corresponding to the right end of the first suction device 4 _first suction port Since the fibers gradually accumulate as the accumulated fibers move to the left, a nonwoven fabric with excellent texture can be produced. At this time, the gas is to be sucked onto the paper, by the second suction device 4 ₂ positioned on the right side, hardly affected the gas, the fibers can be integrated with, formation of the nonwoven fabric is not disturbed.

Further, in the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus of FIG. 15, the spinning device 1, the power source 2, the porous collector 3, the first and second suction devices 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ and the conductor group 5 are housed in the spinning container 6 and closed. Since it is a space, when a solvent is included as the spinning solution, scattering of the solvent volatilized from the spinning solution can be prevented, and in some cases, the solvent can be recovered and reused.

In addition, since an exhaust device that can exhaust the gas in the spinning vessel 6 is connected to the spinning vessel 6 separately from the first and second suction devices 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ , when a solvent is included as the spinning solution, Variations in fiber diameter can be reduced. That is, when spinning is performed, the solvent vapor concentration in the spinning vessel 6 gradually increases, and as a result of suppressing the evaporation of the solvent, there is a tendency that the fiber diameter is likely to vary, and it is difficult to be fiberized. These phenomena can be suppressed by exhausting the gas with the exhaust device.

  Further, since a container gas supply device capable of supplying gas adjusted in temperature and humidity is connected to the spinning container 6, when a solvent is included as the spinning solution, the solvent vapor concentration in the spinning container 6 is stabilized, and the fiber The variation in diameter can be reduced.

  The power source 2 in FIG. 15 is not particularly limited as long as it can apply a voltage to the spinning solution. For example, a DC high voltage generator or a Van de Graf electromotive machine can be used. The applied polarity may be positive or negative, and is appropriately set while confirming the dispersion state of the fibers. In the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus in FIG. 15, the power source 2 is connected to the liquid discharge nozzle Nl of the spinning apparatus 1. However, if it can be applied to the spinning liquid, it is applied to the wire inserted into the liquid discharge nozzle Nl. You may do it.

  The potential difference generated between the liquid discharge nozzle Nl and the conductor group 5 by the application of the power source 2 is preferably a potential difference that can suppress the generation of droplets. This potential difference varies depending on the spinning conditions such as the type of spinning liquid, the distance between the liquid discharge nozzle Nl and the conductor group 5, the temperature and humidity, and is not particularly limited, but is 0.05 to 1.5 kV / cm. Preferably there is. When the potential difference exceeds 1.5 kV / cm, the spinning by the electric field is dominant, as in the electrostatic spinning method, rather than the spinning by the gas shearing action, but the tendency of the nonwoven fabric to deteriorate due to the action of the gas. Because there is. On the other hand, if it is less than 0.05 kV / cm, the electric charge of the fiber is insufficient or weak even though an electric field is applied, and there is a tendency that the fiber cannot be sufficiently formed.

In the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, since the gas is used to spin the fibers, the collector is porous so that the gas is sucked and the accumulated fibers are not floated by the gas. Examples of such a porous collector 3 include a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, and a net. The porous collector 3 of the present invention may be conductive or non-conductive. However, if it is conductive, an electric field is generated between the liquid discharge nozzle Nl and the porous collector 3. As a result, the porous collector 3 is non-conductive because the pattern of the porous collector 3 tends to be transferred when the fibers are electrically attracted and collected on the porous collector 3. Is preferred. This “non-conductive” refers to an insulator having a volume resistivity of 10 ¹² Ω · cm or more. Examples of such non-conductive materials include mica, porcelain, alumina porcelain, titanium oxide porcelain, soda glass, quartz glass, resins (phenol resin, urea resin, polyester resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, etc.), polyethylene, Polystyrene, soft vinyl chloride, hard vinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polytetrafluoroethylene, raw rubber, soft rubber, ebonite, butyl rubber, neoprene, silicone rubber and the like can be mentioned.

  In the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, a porous collector 3 that can move in one direction is used. Therefore, a nonwoven fabric can be manufactured continuously. In FIG. 15, the porous collector 3 is movable in the Td direction (on the paper, leftward). Moreover, in FIG. 15, although the conveyor-shaped porous collector 3 is used, it does not need to be a conveyor shape and may be a roller shape.

In Figure 15, the fiber collection surface of the porous collecting member 3 on the opposite side, and a first suction device 4 _1. In the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus, and movement point A to reach the collection surface of the porous collecting member 3 is liquid-ejection direction central axis Al from the spinning device 1 corresponding to the first suction device 4 _first suction port are therefore, the suction effect of the first suction device 4 _1, fibers with suction, it is possible to integrate the fibers to the fiber collection surface of the porous collecting member 3.

Further, in FIG. 15, the opposite side to the fiber collection surface of the porous collecting member 3, and on the upstream side of the first suction device 4 _1, low static pressure and high flow than the first suction device 4 ₁ and a second suction device 4 _2. This second suction device 4 _2, it is possible to suck the gas discharged from the gas discharge portion Eg, it is possible to prevent the floating of fibers collected by the gas, without disturbing the formation of the nonwoven fabric, also The suspended fiber does not adhere to the liquid discharge part El or the like and prevent continuous production. In this manner, since the first suction device 4 ₁ collecting the fibers, and then sucking the gas by the second suction device 4 _2, there is no need to pass through the nonwoven fabric with a dense structure for sucking the gas, energy efficient, the first suction device 4 _1, the second suction device 4 _2, it is possible to use a conventional suction device, it can be manufactured inexpensively scaled up or high basis weight of the nonwoven fabric.

Incidentally, as the second suction device 4 ₂ is positioned on the downstream side of the first suction device 4 _1, a nonwoven fabric formed by integrating the porous collector body 3 over the second suction device 4 ₂ can not be sufficiently exhibited suction effect of the second suction device 4 _2, also, since the second suction device 4 ₂ is a high flow rate, there is a tendency that formation is disturbed nonwoven by suction action, the second suction device 4 _{by 2} is positioned upstream of the first suction device 4 _1, since non-woven fabric formed by integrating the porous collecting member 3 is prevented from passing over the second suction device 4 _2, second the suction action of the suction device 4 ₂ can be sufficiently exhibited, also, nor disturb the formation of the nonwoven fabric. Thus, the “upstream side” means the side opposite to the movable direction of the porous collector 3, and in FIG. Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 15, the second suction device 4 ₂ but need not be placed in contact it is preferably arranged in contact with the first suction device 4 _1.

The second suction device 4 ₂ of the present invention is to allow preferentially sucking the gas, a low static pressure and high flow than the first suction device 4 _1. The first suction device 4 _first and second static pressure and flow rate required to a suction device 4 _2, the intended physical properties of the nonwoven fabric to manufacture (e.g., basis weight, fiber diameter, thickness, etc.) by different order, in particular limited It is not a thing. However, the first suction device 4 ₁ static pressure, the load on the pressure loss of the nonwoven fabric is applied to the first suction device 4 _1, having the ability to suction at a constant air flow rate by the pressure above the pressure loss of the nonwoven fabric is preferred. Further, the static pressure second suction device 4 _2, than the first suction device 4 ₁ is positioned on the upstream side, because it is arranged at a position where the pressure loss of the nonwoven fabric is not affected, the first suction device 4 ₁ A suction device having a lower static pressure (a suction capability (flow rate is reduced when a pressure loss is applied)) can be used.

As shown in FIG. 15, if the housing the spinning apparatus 1 such as the spinning container 6, as the second suction device 4 ₂ can preferentially sufficiently suck the gas during spinning, the flow first suction 4 greater than ₁ flow rate, preferably at 6 times the first suction device 4 _first flow rate is more preferably 3 times or less. When the flow rate of the second suction device 4 ₂ is not more than the flow rate and the same amount of the first suction device 4 _1, airflow is generated in the spinning chamber 6, the airflow in the spinning chamber 6, to adjust the temperature and humidity This is because the gas supplied to the fiber and the spinning space between the spinning device 1 and the porous collector 3 are affected, making it difficult to produce a nonwoven fabric with excellent texture. On the other hand, the flow rate of the second suction device 4 ₂ exceeds 6 times the first suction device 4 _first flow requires humidity controlled gas more than necessary, and, in order to obtain a non-woven fabric, energy more than necessary This is because there is a tendency to require.

Such first suction device 4 _1, the second suction device 4 _2, for example, a blower, Roots-type blowers, turbo blowers, dust collector, turbofan, air foil fan, and the like can be illustrated sirocco fan, the as second suction device 4 ₂ can also be appropriately selected and used having a low static pressure and high flow from the first suction device 4 _1. The gas sucked by the first suction device 4 ₁ and the second suction device 4 ₂ can be exhausted or returned again into the spinning container and circulated. Further, the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus in FIG. 15, the first suction device 4 ₁ that two of the suction device of the second suction device 4 ₂ is disposed, need not be two, suction three or more A device can also be arranged. As described above, when three or more suction devices are arranged, the suction device located on the upstream side is lower in static pressure and higher than the suction device located adjacent to the downstream side, as in the case of FIG. It is preferable to arrange so as to satisfy the relationship of flow rate in any adjacent combination. By arranging in this way, the gas can be mainly sucked by the suction device located on the upstream side. When three or more suction devices are arranged in this way, the arrival point A at which the central axis in the liquid discharge direction from the spinning device, which will be described later, reaches the collection surface of the porous collector is the suction located in the uppermost stream. The spinning device is arranged so as to exist on the collecting surface of the porous collecting body corresponding to the suction port other than the device.

In FIG. 15 which is the nonwoven fabric production apparatus of the present invention, the liquid discharge direction central axis Al from the spinning device 1 and the collection surface of the porous collection body 3 have a relationship as shown in FIG. That, together with the arrival point A to reach the collection surface of the porous collecting member 3 corresponding to (i) a liquid discharge direction central axis Al is first suction device 4 _first suction port from the spinning device 1, (ii ) The spinning device 1 is arranged so that the angle α formed between the central axis Al of the liquid discharge direction from the spinning device 1 and the collecting surface downstream of the arrival point A is an acute angle. For the liquid discharge direction central axis Al from the spinning device 1 of the former (i) is that substantially matches the flying direction of the spun fibers, the liquid discharge direction central axis Al is equivalent to the first suction device 4 _first suction port to that having reached point a to reach the collection surface of the porous collecting member 3, it means that the fibers flying is directed to the first suction device 4 _1, fibers suction by the first suction device 4 ₁ Easy to be. This “collection surface of the porous collector corresponding to the suction port of the first suction device” means a porous collection surface facing the region where the suction port of the first suction device is projected onto the porous collector 3. This is the area of the collection surface of the collection 3. In the case where two or more liquid ejecting portions in the spinning device 1 is present, none of the arrival point A, present in the collection surface of the porous collecting member 3 corresponding to the first suction device 4 _first suction port It is preferable to do this. In FIG. 15, but this goal A is located substantially at the center of the collection surface of the porous collecting member 3 corresponding to the first suction device 4 _first suction port, the position of the arrival point A , The height of the spinning device 1, the angle α formed between the central axis Al of the liquid discharge direction and the collection surface downstream of the arrival point A, the spinning conditions (discharge amount, gas amount, gas flow rate, temperature and humidity, etc.), non-woven fabric Since the optimum position differs depending on the desired physical properties (weight per unit area, thickness, pressure loss, etc.), there is no particular limitation.

The latter (ii) the spinning device 1 is arranged so that the angle α formed between the central axis Al of the liquid discharge direction from the spinning device 1 and the collecting surface downstream of the arrival point A is an acute angle. This means that the spinning device 1 and the porous collector 3 are relatively inclined and can be understood from FIG. Normally, when spinning, it expands in a conical shape as it flies, and as can be seen from FIG. 15, fibers having a relatively short flight distance to fibers having a relatively long flight distance accumulate on the porous collector. Become. Therefore, the fibers are accumulated in a wider range than when the spinning device 1 is arranged at right angles to the porous collector 3. Thus, the fact that the fibers are concentrated in a broad range, if the discharge amount of the spinning liquid is the same, fibers accumulation amount per unit area is reduced, because the lower density of the first suction device 4 ₁ It is difficult to reduce the suction ability. In addition, since the porous collection body 3 is movable, since the fibers are gradually collected by the movement of the porous collection body 3, a dense nonwoven fabric having excellent texture can be manufactured.

In the present invention, “the angle formed between the central axis Al of the liquid discharge direction and the collection surface downstream of the arrival point A is an acute angle” means a straight line extending in the width direction of the porous collection body 3 passing through the arrival point A. Means that the angle formed by the central axis Al of the liquid discharge direction and / or the straight line extending in the moving direction Td of the porous collector 3 passing through the arrival point A and the central axis Al of the liquid discharge direction is an acute angle. To do. In particular, the angle formed by the straight line extending in the width direction of the porous collector 3 passing through the arrival point A and the central axis Al of the liquid discharge direction is a right angle, and the straight line extending in the moving direction Td of the porous collector 3 passing through the arrival point A. When the angle formed between the central axis Al and the liquid discharge direction central axis Al is an acute angle (FIG. 16), it is particularly preferable because fibers can be uniformly accumulated in the width direction of the porous collector 3. The acute angle is preferably 30 ° to 60 °. If the acute angle exceeds 60 °, the diffusion range of fiber disperses conically from the spinning device 1 becomes narrower, focused and easily integrated into a particular suction region of the first suction device 4 _1. Therefore, the spinning gas in the first suction device 4 _first suction capacity or airflow, the accompanying airstream associated therewith for will reach the porous collecting member 3, it will airflow staying without being sucked prone This is because it affects the spinning space between the spinning device 1 and the porous collector 3 and makes it difficult to produce a nonwoven fabric with excellent texture. On the other hand, if the acute angle is less than 30 °, the diffusion range of fiber disperses conically widens from the spinning device 1, fiber and spinning gas tends to fly to a second suction device 4 _second suction region . The second suction device 4 ₂ because the static pressure is low, the suction capacity (suction amount) is significantly decreased, the gas and the accompanying airstream associated therewith for spinning can not be sufficiently, be due to the floating fibers is likely to occur . A more preferable acute angle is 40 ° to 50 °. In addition, when two or more liquid discharge parts exist in the spinning device 1, it is preferable that all of the angles are acute angles, and it is preferable that both are 30 ° to 60 °, and all are 40 ° to More preferably, it is 50 °. Further, it is particularly preferable that the angles are the same because fibers can be uniformly accumulated. In FIG. 16, the angle formed by the straight line extending in the moving direction Td of the porous collector 3 passing through the arrival point A and the central axis Al of the liquid discharge direction is expressed as α.

  In the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus of FIG. 15, the discharge direction from the liquid discharge nozzle Nl is a direction that intersects with the action direction of gravity, but as long as the spinning device 1 and the porous collector 3 satisfy the above-described relationship, The discharge direction from the liquid discharge nozzle Nl may be the same direction as the gravity direction, the opposite direction, or the direction orthogonal to the gravity direction, and is not particularly limited.

In the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus in FIG. 15, grounded conductor 5 present the (conductor group 5), because of the arrangement above the first suction device 4 _first suction port, the suction by the first suction device 4 ₁ In addition to the action, the spun fibers are efficiently guided to the porous collector 3 by the action of the electric field generated between the applied liquid discharge nozzle Nl and the conductor group 5, and the porous collector 3 A nonwoven fabric can be formed by accumulating fibers on top. Thus, an electric field can be formed by the power supply 2 and the grounded conductor group 5.

  The grounded conductor preferably has a smooth surface. When having two or more liquid discharge nozzles Nl having a smooth surface, the distance between the liquid discharge nozzle Nl and the conductor can be made the same, and substantially the same electric field can be applied. This is because fibers having uniform diameters can be spun and a nonwoven fabric with excellent texture can be produced. The grounded conductor only needs to extend in the width direction of the porous collector 3, but when there are two or more liquid discharge nozzles Nl, the distance between the liquid discharge nozzle Nl and the conductor is the same, In order to form a uniform electric field, it is preferable to extend linearly in the direction parallel to the width direction of the porous collector 3, that is, in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction Td of the porous collector 3. In addition, the conductor forms an electric field between the liquid discharge nozzles Nl and exerts the action of attracting the fibers. Therefore, the length of the conductor in the direction across the porous collector 3 is substantially the same as the desired width of the nonwoven fabric. A slightly longer length is preferred.

  Such a conductor can be, for example, rod-shaped or plate-shaped, but is preferably rod-shaped. This is because the plate shape tends to reflect gas and disturb the texture of the nonwoven fabric. In the case of a rod shape, the cross section is preferably circular so that a uniform electric field is formed and gas flow is not hindered. Further, although five conductors are used in FIG. 15, it is not necessary to use five conductors. When two or more are provided, it is preferable to arrange the conductors apart from each other so as not to disturb the texture of the nonwoven fabric.

The grounded conductor group 5 may be in contact with the surface opposite to the fiber collection surface of the porous collection body 3 or may be separated. The conductor means that the volume resistivity is 10 ⁻⁴ Ω · cm or less, for example, a metal such as iron, aluminum, gold, silver, or copper, an alloy of these metals, a highly conductive plastic, or the like. can do.

  The shortest distance between the liquid discharge portion El and the arrival point A is not particularly limited because it varies depending on the discharge amount of the spinning solution and the gas flow rate, but a spinning solution in which a polymer is dissolved in the spinning solution is used. In this case, the thickness is preferably 100 to 500 mm, and when the spinning solution is obtained by heating and melting the polymer, it is preferably 200 to 500 mm. When a spinning solution in which a polymer is dissolved in a spinning solution is used, if the length is less than 100 mm, the solvent of the spinning solution is accumulated in a state that does not sufficiently evaporate, and the fiber shape cannot be maintained after the accumulation. This is because the spinning solution is less than 200 mm when the spinning solution is obtained by heating and melting the polymer, and the fibers accumulated on the porous collector are melted under the influence of gas or the like. This is because the fibers tend to be trapped or welded together. On the other hand, if the spinning solution is in any case, if it exceeds 500 mm, the gas flow is disturbed, and the fibers tend to break and scatter easily.

  Examples of the container gas supply device include a propeller fan, a sirocco fan, an air compressor, and a blower. In FIG. 15, the gas is supplied from the upper wall surface of the spinning container 6, but the gas can also be supplied from the side wall surface. However, it is preferable to supply gas from a position where gas can be supplied efficiently to the spinning space where the fibers fly, and so as not to affect the fiber accumulation state.

Further, the exhaust device is not particularly limited, but can be a fan installed at the exhaust port, for example. As shown in FIG. 15, when the gas is supplied to the spinning container 6 by the container gas supply device, the same amount of gas as the supply amount can be discharged simply by providing an exhaust port. Not necessary. In the case of exhausting with the exhaust device as shown in FIG. 15, it is preferable that the exhaust amount is the same as or slightly larger than the gas supply amount from the spinning gas supply device and the container gas supply device. This is because, when the spinning solution contains a solvent, if the supply amount and the exhaust amount are different, the pressure in the spinning container 6 changes, so that the evaporation rate of the solvent changes and the fiber diameters are likely to vary. Further, by slightly increasing the displacement and making the inside of the spinning container have a negative pressure, it is possible to prevent the solvent from leaking out of the spinning container. Further, unlike the embodiment shown in FIG. 15, the exhaust port to the exhaust device can be provided not on the bottom wall surface of the spinning vessel 6 but on the side wall surface. The first suction device 4 _1, can also be combined with exhaust system to the second suction device 4 _2.

  As the spinning solution supply device, when the spinning solution is obtained by dissolving a polymer in a solvent, for example, a syringe, a stainless steel tank, a plastic tank, or a resin product such as a vinyl chloride resin or a polyethylene resin is used. A bag etc. can be mentioned, When a spinning solution is what melt | dissolved the polymer by heating, the metal syringe etc. which were heated with the extruder and the heater can be mentioned. Examples of the gas supply device for spinning include a compressor, a compressor connected to a heater, a gas cylinder, and a blower.

In the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus of FIG. 15, only one spinning device 1 is arranged, but it is not necessary to have one spinning device, and two or more spinning devices can be arranged. By arranging two or more, the productivity of the nonwoven fabric can be increased. In the case of arranging the two or more spinning apparatus, so as to satisfy the aforementioned relationship, with disposing the first suction device 4 _first and second suction device 4 _2, the positional relationship between the spinning device and the porous collecting member Is preferably arranged so as to satisfy the aforementioned relationship.

  Moreover, in the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus of FIG. 15, the apparatus for couple | bonding a fiber is not especially arrange | positioned, However, The apparatus for couple | bonding a fiber can be arrange | positioned. For example, a device for applying and drying a binder, a heat treatment device capable of fusing fibers, a entanglement device capable of tangling fibers, and the like can be disposed.

As mentioned above, although the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus of this invention was demonstrated based on FIG. 15 which has arrange | positioned the conductor group 5 earth | grounded, the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus of this invention is the thing by which the conductor group 5 earth | grounded was arrange | positioned. It is not limited. For example, the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus which has not arrange | positioned the conductor may be sufficient. By being arranged conductor group 5 which is grounded, it is electrically and is sucked fibers but flies toward the first suction device 4 _1, the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, the spinning apparatus 1 liquid for ejection direction central axis Al has reached point a to reach the collection surface of the porous collecting member 3 corresponding to the first suction device 4 _first suction port, the first suction without placing a conductor since the fiber is likely to be collected on the collection surface of the porous collecting member 3 corresponding to the device 4 ₁ of the suction port, provides the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus same effect in Figure 15. Further, a voltage may be applied to the conductor group 5 so that an electric field can be applied to the spinning solution. Even if it is such an aspect, there exists an effect similar to the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus of FIG.

  The nonwoven fabric manufacturing method of the present invention is a method using the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus. In particular, the flow rate of 100 m / sec. It is preferable to discharge the above gas. From the gas discharge part Eg, a flow rate of 100 m / sec. This is because by discharging the gas described above, the generation of liquid droplets can be suppressed, and a non-woven fabric including thin fibers with uniform fiber diameters can be efficiently produced. More preferably, the flow rate is 150 m / sec. The above gas is discharged, more preferably a flow rate of 200 m / sec. The above gas is discharged. The upper limit of the gas flow rate is not particularly limited as long as it is a flow rate that allows stable spinning.

  A gas having such a flow rate may be supplied from a compressor, for example. In addition, although the kind of gas is not specifically limited, For example, air, nitrogen gas, argon gas etc. can be used, and it is economical if it is air among these. The temperature of the gas varies depending on the spinning solution and is not particularly limited. However, in the case of a spinning solution in which a polymer is dissolved in the spinning solution, it is economically preferable that the temperature is normal, and the polymer is heated and melted. In the case of the spinning solution, the temperature where the accompanying air flow of the gas acts on the spinning solution is 100 ° C. lower than the temperature of the heated and melted polymer, and 100 ° C. higher than the temperature of the heated and melted polymer. It is preferable that the gas has a temperature in the range up to. In the case of a gas having a temperature lower than that of the heat-melted polymer, the solidification of the fiber can be promoted by a cooling action, and in the case of a gas having a temperature higher than that of the heat-melted polymer, the solidification of the polymer is suppressed. In addition, gas can act on the spinning solution for a long time.

  In addition, solidification of a fiber can also be accelerated | stimulated by supplying cooling gas etc. to the spinning space between the spinning apparatus 1 and the porous collection body 3, and cooling a fiber. Moreover, solidification of a fiber can also be suppressed by supplying heated gas to the space between the spinning device 1 and the porous collector 3 to heat and keep the fiber warm.

  When the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus can apply an electric field as shown in FIG. 15, it is preferable to apply the electric field so as to promote fiber formation of the spinning solution. At this time, the potential difference is preferably 0.05 to 1.5 kV / cm.

  Examples of the spinning solution that can be used in the production method of the present invention include, but are not particularly limited to, a solution obtained by dissolving a desired polymer in a solvent and a solution obtained by heating and melting a desired polymer.

  For example, as a spinning solution in which a desired polymer is dissolved in a solvent, for example, polyethylene glycol, partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol, fully saponified polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polylactic acid, polyester, polyglycolic acid, polyacrylonitrile, copolymerized polyacrylonitrile, poly Methacrylic acid, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyamide, polyimide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethersulfone, polysulfone, fluorine resin (polyvinylidene fluoride, copolymerized polyvinylidene fluoride, etc.), polyurethane, para or meta-aramid, Cellulose, silicon oxide sol, aluminum oxide sol, titanium oxide sol, zirconium oxide sol, tin oxide sol, etc. The polymer is water, acetone, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl sulfoxide, 1,4-dioxane, pyridine, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, Examples include acetonitrile, formic acid, toluene, benzene, cyclohexane, cyclohexanone, carbon tetrachloride, methylene chloride, chloroform, trichloroethane, ethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, propylene carbonate and the like dissolved in one or more solvents. .

The spinning viscosity of the spinning solution obtained by dissolving this polymer in a solvent is preferably in the range of 10 to 10000 cP, and more preferably in the range of 20 to 8000 cP. This is because if the viscosity is less than 10 cP, the viscosity is too low and the spinnability is poor, and there is a tendency that the fiber is difficult to be formed. If the viscosity exceeds 10,000 cP, the spinning solution is difficult to be drawn and tends to be a fiber. . Even when the viscosity exceeds 10,000 cP at normal temperature, it can be used as long as it is within the above viscosity range during spinning by heating the spinning solution itself or the spinning device. On the contrary, even if the viscosity is less than 10 cP at room temperature, it can be used as long as it falls within the viscosity range during spinning by cooling the spinning solution itself, the spinning device and the like. The “viscosity” in the present invention refers to a value at a shear rate of 100 s ⁻¹ measured at the same temperature as in spinning using a viscosity measuring device.

  Examples of polymers that can constitute a spinning solution obtained by heating and melting a polymer include polyolefins (polypropylene, polyethylene, polypropylene-polyethylene copolymer, polymethylpentene, etc.), polyesters (aliphatic polyesters, aromatic polyesters), Acrylic (polyacrylonitrile, copolymerized polyacrylonitrile), cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyurethane, polylactic acid, polyamide (nylon 6, nylon 66) , Nylon 12, nylon 610), polyacetal, aramid, polyethersulfone, polysulfone, or fluororesin (polyvinylidene fluoride, copolymer polyvinylidene fluoride) , Polytetrafluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkoxyethylene copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, copolymerized tetrafluoroethylene, etc.), polyphenylene sulfide, polyetheretherketone, etc. Or two or more types can be mixed and used.

The spinning temperature range of the spinning solution in which the polymer is heated and melted is preferably in the range from the melting point of the polymer to a temperature 200 ° C. higher than the melting point, from the temperature 20 ° C. higher than the melting point to the temperature 100 ° C. higher than the melting point. More preferably, it is the range. This is because in the case of a polymer exhibiting temperature dependence, at a temperature higher than a temperature 200 ° C. higher than the melting point, thermal decomposition of the polymer occurs and spinning becomes difficult. Further, the shear rate applied to the polymer during spinning is preferably from 1～10000S ^-1, and more preferably a shear rate 50~5000s ^-1. In the case of a polymer exhibiting pressure dependency, if the shear rate is less than 1 s ⁻¹ , the discharge is not stable, and if it exceeds 10000 s ⁻¹ , a high discharge pressure is required and the discharge tends to be difficult. . In the above temperature range and shear rate range, the polymer spinning viscosity is preferably in the range of 10 to 10000 cP, more preferably in the range of 20 to 8000 cP. This is because if the viscosity is less than 10 cP, the viscosity is too low and the spinnability is poor, and there is a tendency that the fiber is difficult to be formed. If the viscosity exceeds 10,000 cP, the spinning solution is difficult to be drawn and tends to be a fiber. . Even when the viscosity exceeds 10,000 cP at the time of melting, it can be used as long as the spinning viscosity falls within the above-mentioned viscosity range by heating the spinning solution itself or the spinning device. Conversely, even if the viscosity is less than 10 cP at the time of melting, it can be used if the spinning viscosity falls within the above-mentioned viscosity range by cooling the spinning solution itself, the spinning device, and the like.

  The discharge amount of the spinning liquid from the liquid discharge part El is not particularly limited because it varies depending on the viscosity of the spinning liquid and the gas flow rate, but is 0.1 to 100 g / hour / 1 discharge part. preferable. In addition, when it has two or more liquid discharge parts El, the discharge amount between liquid discharge parts may be the same, or may differ. If they are the same, fibers having a uniform fiber diameter can be spun.

Moreover, when it has two or more liquid discharge parts El, the nonwoven fabric in which a different kind of fiber is mixed can be manufactured by discharging a spinning liquid on 2 or more types of discharge conditions and making it fiber. For example, in the spinning device as shown in FIG. 10, the discharge conditions from the liquid columnar hollow portions H ₁ , Hl ₂ and Hl ₃ and the discharge conditions from the liquid columnar hollow portions Hl ₄ , Hl ₅ and Hl ₆ are different. Then, since the gas acting on the discharged spinning solution is the same, different types of fibers can be spun, and as a result, a nonwoven fabric in which different types of fibers are mixed can be manufactured.

  This “two or more types of discharge conditions” means that they are not exactly the same. For example, the shape of the liquid discharge portion El is different, the size of the liquid discharge portion El is different, and the gas discharge portion Eg of the liquid discharge portion El. Different from each other, different spinning fluid discharge amounts, different spinning fluid concentrations, different spinning fluid constituent polymers, different spinning fluid viscosities, different spinning fluid solvents, two or more spinning fluid constituent polymers The blending ratios are different, the composition ratio of the spinning solution is different when there are two or more solvents, the spinning solution temperature is different, and the spinning solution preparation method is different (for example, dissolved in the solvent). The one or two or more of these are different, for example, the spinning solution heated and melted by spinning and the kind and / or amount of the additive added to the spinning solution are different.

  Similarly, when two or more gas discharge portions Eg are provided, a nonwoven fabric in which different types of fibers are mixed can be manufactured by discharging gas under two or more discharge conditions. For example, the shape of the gas discharge portion Eg is different, the size of the gas discharge portion Eg is different, the distance from the liquid discharge portion El of the gas discharge portion Eg is different, the gas discharge amount is different, the gas composition is different, When one or two or more of these, such as different temperatures and different gas discharge flow rates, are different, a nonwoven fabric in which different types of fibers are mixed can be manufactured.

  In the present invention, when a nonwoven fabric is produced by spinning and accumulating fibers, the nonwoven fabric is supplied by supplying powder, fibers, and / or fiber aggregates to the flying fibers and mixing them. A function can be added to the.

  For example, as powder, activated carbon (for example, steam activated carbon, alkali-treated activated carbon, acid-treated activated carbon, etc.), inorganic particles (for example, manganese dioxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, zinc oxide, titanium-containing oxide) Materials, zeolites, catalyst-supporting ceramics, silica, etc.), ion exchange resins, plant seeds, and the like.

  Recycled fibers such as rayon, polynosic and cupra, semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate fibers, nylon fibers, vinylon fibers, vinylidene fibers, polyvinyl chloride fibers, polyester fibers, acrylic fibers, polyethylene fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyurethane fibers, etc. Synthetic fibers, inorganic fibers such as glass fibers and carbon fibers, plant fibers such as cotton and hemp, and animal fibers such as wool and silk.

  Examples of the fiber assembly include the same fiber assembly as described above. The aggregate state of the fiber assembly is not particularly limited. For example, the fiber is entangled, the fibers are bonded, the fibers are fused, the fibers are twisted into a yarn. State, etc.

  The nonwoven fabric of the present invention is a nonwoven fabric produced by the method described above. Accordingly, the fiber diameter is small, the fiber can be continuously manufactured, and the texture is excellent. In addition, although the average fiber diameter of the fiber which comprises a nonwoven fabric is not specifically limited, it can be 50-5000 nm. This average fiber diameter is an arithmetic average value of 300 fiber diameters, and this fiber diameter is a value obtained by calculating from the scale based on a photographic image of the nonwoven fabric surface obtained by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Say.

The basis weight of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention can be 0.1 to 100 g / m ² , the thickness can be 1 to 2000 μm, and the bulk density can be 0.05 to 0.5 g / cm ³ . The basis weight is a value converted from the weight of a 10 cm square nonwoven fabric sample to a weight of 1 m ² , and the thickness is a value measured by a compression elastic thickness gauge. Specifically, a load area of 5 cm ² is 3 mm / s. The value when a load of 100 gf is applied at the speed. The bulk density is a value obtained by dividing the basis weight (unit: g / m ² ) by the thickness (μm).

  Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1
(Preparation of spinning solution)
A spinning solution (viscosity (temperature: 23 ° C.): 600 cP) in which acrylonitrile copolymer was dissolved in N, N-dimethylformamide to a concentration of 13 mass% was prepared.

(Preparation of non-woven fabric production equipment)
As the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus, a nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus as shown in FIG. 15 was prepared.

(A) Spinning device 1;
A spinning device 1 was prepared in which 50 sets of spinning units as shown in FIG. 1 were arranged in a straight line at a pitch of 10 mm on a stainless steel pipe having an inner diameter of 15 mm and an outer diameter of 18 mm. In each spinning unit, the liquid discharge nozzle Nl and the gas discharge nozzle Ng were arranged so as to be orthogonal to the axial direction of the pipe. The configuration of each spinning unit was as follows.
(1) Spinning fluid supply device: gear pump (2) Spinning gas supply device: compressor (3) Liquid discharge nozzle Nl: Metal (3) -1 Liquid discharge portion El: 0.33 mm diameter (cross-sectional area: 0.00) 086 mm ² ) circular shape (3) -2 liquid columnar hollow portion Hl: cylindrical shape with a diameter of 0.33 mm (3) -3 nozzle outer diameter: 0.64 mm
(4) Gas discharge nozzle Ng: Metal (4) -1 Gas discharge portion Eg: 0.33 mm diameter (cross-sectional area: 0.86 mm ² ) circular shape (4) -2 Column hollow portion for gas Hg: 0.33 mm Cylindrical shape (4) -3 nozzle outer diameter: 0.64 mm
(4) -4 Position: Arranged so that the gas discharge part Eg is 3 mm upstream of the liquid discharge part El and the outer wall surface of the nozzle abuts. (5) -1 Liquid virtual columnar part Hvl and gas virtual columnar part Hvg Distance: 0.31mm
(5) -2 Liquid discharge direction central axis Al and gas discharge direction central axis Ag: Parallel (5) -3 Column shape for gas when cut along a plane C perpendicular to the central axis Ag of the columnar hollow portion Hg for gas hollow number distance of the shortest straight line L ₁ of the outer periphery of the cut surface of the outer peripheral and the liquid columnar hollow for Hl of the cut surface of the Hg: 1 present (5) -4 center axis Ag of the columnar hollow for gas (Hg) when cut along a plane perpendicular C for, can be drawn against the outer periphery of the cut surface of the columnar hollow for gas (Hg), the shortest straight line L ₁ is the distance from the outer periphery of the cut surface of the columnar hollow Hl for liquid , Length Cl of the outer periphery of the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow H1: 50% or less of the outer periphery length of the cut surface of the liquid columnar hollow H1 (6) Arrangement of the spinning device 1; from 4 ₁ and the boundary between the second suction device _{4 2,} the first suction device _{4 first} direction (downstream direction) 40 The spinning device 1 is tilted so that the position moved by mm is the arrival point A. Arranged so that the gas discharge part Eg is on the upper side. In any liquid discharge part El, the angle formed by the straight line extending in the width direction of the porous collector 3 passing through the arrival point A and the central axis Al of the liquid discharge direction is 90 °, and the porous collector passes through the arrival point A. The angle α formed by the straight line extending in the moving direction Td of 3 and the central axis Al of the liquid discharge direction is 40 °. In any liquid discharge part El, it arrange | positions so that the acute angle made with the action direction of gravity can discharge at 50 degrees. All of the liquid discharge portions El have a distance from the arrival point A of 150 mm.

(B) Porous collector 3; mesh-type conveyor net made of glass fiber whose surface is coated with fluororesin (movable in one direction).

(C) First suction device 4 ₁ : Roots-type blower, disposed on the opposite side of the fiber collection surface of the porous collection body 3. The static pressure is 5.5 m ³ / min. At 10 kPa. , 5.4 m ³ / min. , Flow rate: 5.5 m ³ / min. The size of the suction port: 0.04 m ² (0.55 m in the width direction of the porous collector 3 × 0.08 m in the direction of travel of the porous collector 3), also used as an exhaust device.

(D) a second suction device 4 _2: dust collector, the fiber collection surface and the opposite surface side of the porous collecting member 3, and the first suction device 4 ₁ and in contact with the first suction device 4 ₁ upstream of the arrangement . The static pressure is 2.0 kPa and 28 m ³ / min. 24 m ³ / min. At 3.9 kPa. , Flow rate: 15 m ³ / min. The size of the suction port: 0.08 m ² (0.55 m in the width direction of the porous collector 3 × 0.15 m in the direction of travel of the porous collector 3), also used as an exhaust device.

(E) Conductor group 5: smooth steel rod having a diameter of 3 mm (cross-sectional shape: circle, length: 1000 mm), four (1) position: opposite side to the fiber collection surface of the porous collection body 3 Arranged to abut. Arranged at a pitch of 20 mm so that the axis of each conductor coincides with the width direction of the porous collector 3. Disposed in the first suction device 4 ₁ suction Prompt.

(F) Application device; high voltage power supply 2 is connected to each liquid discharge nozzle Nl.

(G) Spinning container 6; height 2500 mm × width 2000 mm × depth 3000 mm
(1) The spinning device 1, the power source 2, the porous collector 3, the first suction device 4 ₁ , the second suction device 4 ₂ , and the conductor group 5 are arranged in the spinning container.
(2) Gas supply device for container: An air compressor is connected to the upper wall surface of the spinning container 6.

(Manufacture of non-woven fabric)
Fibers were accumulated on the porous collector under the following conditions to produce a nonwoven fabric (weight per unit: 10 g / m ² , thickness: 0.2 mm, average fiber diameter: 400 nm) without generating floating fibers. The nonwoven fabric having excellent texture could be continuously produced.
(A) Discharge amount from each liquid discharge nozzle Nl: 3 g / hour / 1 nozzle (b) Air discharge flow velocity from each gas discharge nozzle Ng: 253 m / sec.
(C) Air discharge amount from each gas discharge nozzle Ng: 1.3 L / min. / 1 nozzle (d) Discharge air temperature from each gas discharge nozzle Ng: 30 ° C
(E) Applied voltage to each liquid discharge nozzle Nl: 10 kV (potential difference: +0.67 kV / cm)
(F) Movement speed of the porous collector 3: 60 mm / min.
(G) first suction device _{4 1} suction conditions: static pressure: 10 kPa at 5.5 m ³ / min. , 5.4 m ³ / min. , Flow rate: 5.5 m ³ / min. , Size of suction port: 0.04 m ²
(H) a second suction device _{4 second} suction conditions: static pressure at 2.0kPa ^28m 3 / min. 24 m ³ / min. At 3.9 kPa. , Flow rate: 15 m ³ / min. , Size of suction port: 0.08 m ²
(I) Supply conditions for container gas: 20 m ³ / min. Of air at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a humidity of 30%. Supplied with

(Example 2)
No iron rod (conductor) was placed, no voltage was applied to each liquid discharge nozzle Nl, and the moving speed of the porous collector 3 was 30 mm / min. Except that, the fibers were accumulated on the porous collector under the same conditions as in Example 1 to produce a nonwoven fabric (weight per unit: 5 g / m ² , thickness: 0.1 mm, average fiber diameter: 450 nm). The nonwoven fabric excellent in texture could be continuously produced without generating floating fibers.

(Comparative Example 1)
A nonwoven fabric (weight per unit area: 8 g / m ² , thickness: 0.15 mm, average fiber diameter: 400 nm) except that a nonwoven fabric production apparatus having the following arrangement of the spinning device 1 was used. Manufactured. Although the nonwoven fabric could be manufactured somehow, since there were many floating fibers, it adhered to each gas discharge nozzle Ng and each liquid discharge nozzle Nl, and could not be manufactured continuously. In addition, the manufactured nonwoven fabric was unsatisfactory because the fibers once suspended were accumulated on the porous collector 3.

Arrangement of the spinning apparatus 1, from the boundary of the adjacent first suction device 4 ₁ which is disposed between the second suction device 4 _2, position in which the first suction device 4 _first direction to the (downstream) to 40mm movement, reaching respectively The spinning device 1 is arranged so that it becomes a point A. Arranged so that the gas discharge part Eg is on the upstream side. In any liquid discharge part El, the angle formed by the straight line extending in the width direction of the porous collector 3 passing through the arrival point A and the central axis Al of the liquid discharge direction is 90 °, and the porous collector passes through the arrival point A. The angle α formed by the straight line extending in the moving direction Td of 3 and the central axis Al of the liquid discharge direction is 90 °. In any liquid discharge part El, it arrange | positions so that the acute angle made with the action direction of gravity may discharge at 0 degree. All of the liquid discharge portions El have a distance from the arrival point A of 150 mm.

(Comparative Example 2)
Except that the arrangement of the spinning apparatus 1 by using the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus as follows in the same manner as in Example 1, but attempts to produce a nonwoven fabric, the lower second suction device 4 ₂ of static pressure, the fibers Was hardly collected, and a nonwoven fabric could not be produced.

Arrangement of the spinning apparatus 1, from the boundary of the adjacent first suction device is arranged in 4 ₁ and the second suction device 4 _2, positions were 40mm moved to the second suction device 4 _second direction (upstream direction), reach respectively The spinning device 1 is tilted so as to be point A. Arranged so that the gas discharge part Eg is on the upper side. In any liquid discharge part El, the angle formed by the straight line extending in the width direction of the porous collector 3 passing through the arrival point A and the central axis Al of the liquid discharge direction is 90 °, and the porous collector passes through the arrival point A. The angle α formed by the straight line extending in the moving direction Td of 3 and the central axis Al of the liquid discharge direction is 40 °. In any liquid discharge part El, it arrange | positions so that the acute angle made with the action direction of gravity can discharge at 50 degrees. All of the liquid discharge portions El have a distance from the arrival point A of 150 mm.

(Comparative Example 3)
A first suction device 4 _{1 (dust} collector) upstream, the second suction device 4 _{2 (roots} blower) that were placed in contact with the downstream side, and the first suction device 4 ₁ and the second suction device 4 ₂ except that the position of the boundary was 40mm moved to the second suction device 4 _second direction is arranged to be inclined spinning apparatus 1 so as to reach point a, in the same manner as in example 1, attempts to produce non-woven fabric was, but the second suction device 4 ₂ low static pressure, because it was located downstream of the first suction device 4 ₁ high static pressure, the porous collecting member corresponding to the second suction device 4 _second suction port It was not possible to accumulate on the collection surface of the material, floating fibers were generated, and the nonwoven fabric could not be produced.

  Since the nonwoven fabric produced by the nonwoven fabric production apparatus of the present invention is excellent in texture, for example, filter materials for filters such as air filters, liquid filters, blood filters, separators for electrochemical elements such as battery separators, separators for capacitors, It can be suitably used for applications such as electrode materials, membrane supports, semiconductor substrates, flexible display substrates, heat insulating materials, soundproofing materials, cell culture carriers, wound materials, drug delivery system materials, sensor chips, and smart fabrics.

Nl, Nl ₁ , Nl ₂ liquid discharge nozzle Ng gas discharge nozzle El, El ₁ , El ₂ , El ₃ , El ₄ , El ₅ , El ₆ liquid discharge part Eg, Eg ₁ , Eg ₂ , Eg ₃ , Eg ₄ gas Discharge part H1, Hl ₁ , Hl ₂ , Hl ₃ columnar hollow part for liquid Hg, Hg ₁ , Hg ₂ , Hg ₃ gas columnar hollow part Hvl, Hv ₁ , Hvl ₂ , Hvl ₃ liquid virtual columnar part Hvg, Hvg ₁ , Hvg ₂ , Hvg ₃ gas virtual columnar part Al, Al ₁ , Al ₂ , Al ₃ liquid discharge direction central axis Ag, Ag ₁ , Ag ₂ , Ag ₃ gas discharge direction central axis L ₁ Straight line with the shortest distance between the outer circumferences L1 A straight line with the shortest distance between the outer circumferences L2 A straight line with the shortest distance between the outer circumferences C C A plane perpendicular to the central axis of the columnar hollow part for gas Cg The contactable length of the gas discharged from the gas discharge part with the spinning solution The length of the outer periphery of the cut surface of the columnar hollow portion for liquid that can draw a straight line having the shortest distance from the outer periphery of the cut surface of the columnar hollow portion for liquid gas with respect to the outer periphery of the cut surface of the columnar hollow portion for Cl 2 gas Nu Spinning unit L Length direction of spinning device Ss Spinning liquid storage member Sr Storage portion Wl Liquid hollow portion forming wall material S Slit Wa Hollow portion forming wall material Wg Gas hollow portion forming wall material Sg Gas storage member d Groove Td Porous Direction of movement of collector A Reach point A
α Angle formed by a straight line extending in the moving direction of the porous collector passing through the arrival point A and the central axis of the liquid discharge direction 1 Spinning device 2 Power supply 3 Porous collector 4 ₁ First suction device 4 ₂ Second suction device 5 Conductivity Body group 6 Spinning container 12 First member 22 Second member 32 Third member 14, 24, 34 Supply end 16, 26, 36 Opposite exit end 18 First supply slit 38 First gas slit 20 Gas jet space

Claims (3)

(A) a spinning device having a liquid discharge section capable of discharging a spinning liquid and a gas discharge section capable of discharging a gas capable of acting on the spinning liquid discharged from the liquid discharge section;
(B) A porous collector capable of collecting fibers spun by the spinning device and movable in one direction;
(C) a first suction device located on the side opposite to the fiber collecting surface of the porous collector, and (d) a surface opposite to the fiber collecting surface of the porous collector, and the first A second suction device having a lower static pressure and a higher flow rate than the first suction device, located upstream from the first suction device;
And a liquid discharge direction central axis from the spinning device has a reaching point A that reaches the collection surface of the porous collector corresponding to the suction port of the first suction device, and a liquid The nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus, wherein the spinning device is arranged so that an angle formed by a central axis in the discharge direction and a collecting surface downstream of the arrival point A is an acute angle. The manufacturing method of a nonwoven fabric using the nonwoven fabric manufacturing apparatus of Claim 1. A nonwoven fabric produced by the production method according to claim 2.

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