JP5598649B2 - Casting method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a casting method, and more particularly to a casting method suitable for producing a high-quality precision casting.

  Conventionally, as a casting method of the above-described precision casting product, for example, there is a method described in Patent Document 1. In this casting method, molten metal is poured into a mold having a casting space inside, and the molten metal is obtained. Precision casting is obtained by releasing the mold after solidification.

  In this casting method, in order to prevent the formation of defects such as shrinkage cavities due to the shape of the casting space in the mold, a cooling device or a heating device is provided in the vicinity of the mold, and the occurrence of defects due to slow cooling is expected. Is cooled by a cooling device, while a portion where defects are expected to occur due to rapid cooling is heated by a heating device.

JP 2000-301322 A

  However, in the conventional casting method described above, by providing a cooling device or a heating device in the vicinity of the mold, it is possible to prevent defects such as shrinkage cavities due to the shape of the casting space of the mold, but in the vicinity of the mold. There is a problem that the casting equipment is increased in size and the casting cost is increased as much as the cooling device and the heating device are provided, and it has been a conventional problem to solve these problems.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the above-described conventional problems, and provides a casting method capable of obtaining a high-quality cast product without causing an increase in the size of casting equipment and an increase in casting cost. The purpose is that.

  In the casting method according to the present invention, when performing casting by pouring molten metal into a mold having a casting space inside, at least a portion to be cooled is set in the mold, and the cooling of the mold is to be accelerated. It is characterized in that the radiation rate of the part is set to be higher than the radiation rate of the part excluding the part where the cooling is desired to be accelerated, and the casting method of this structure is for solving the conventional problems described above. As a means.

In casting method according to the present invention, the radiation rate of the portion to accelerate the cooling of the mold, to be higher than the radiation rate of the portion except for the portion to expedite this cooling, to the surface of the part to be earlier this cooling, color radiation rate is high, that has a configuration subjected to coloring process, for example black.

In the casting method according to the present invention, the surface of the part where the cooling of the mold is desired to be accelerated is colored so as to increase the radiation rate, so that the radiation rate of the part where the cooling is desired to be accelerated is excluded from the part where the cooling is desired to be accelerated. Since casting is performed using a mold set higher than the radiation rate of the part, solidification of the molten metal poured into the mold proceeds as expected, resulting in shrinkage due to the shape of the casting space of the mold. The occurrence of defects such as nests can be avoided.
At this time, since it is not necessary to locally cool or warm by installing a cooling device or a heating device around the mold, it is possible to avoid an increase in the size of casting equipment and an increase in casting cost.

  In the casting method according to the present invention, since it has the above-described configuration, it is possible to obtain a high-quality cast product free from defects such as shrinkage cavities after realizing downsizing of the casting equipment and reduction of the casting cost. This is a very good effect.

It is sectional explanatory drawing which shows the arrangement | positioning condition in the heating furnace of the casting_mold | template used with the unidirectional solidification casting method which concerns on one Example of this invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective explanatory view (a) of a mold used in the unidirectional solidification casting method shown in FIG. 1 and a partially enlarged explanatory view (b) of a cast product in a circled portion. It is a perspective explanatory view (a) showing a defect occurrence position of a cast product manufactured by a normal unidirectional solidification casting method, and a partial enlarged explanatory view (b) in a circle of FIG. 3 (a). FIG. 4 is an overall perspective explanatory view from the front direction of the mold model used for the simulation for analysis for confirming the effect of the unidirectional solidification casting method according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 6C is a cut cross-sectional explanatory view (c) of a mold model showing temperature measurement points. It is the temperature curve figure (a) which shows the simulation analysis result of the unidirectional solidification casting method which concerns on one Example of this invention, and the temperature curve figure (b) which shows the simulation analysis result of a normal casting method.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2 show an embodiment of a casting method according to the present invention. In this embodiment, unidirectional solidification for producing a turbine blade made of a heat-resistant superalloy using the casting method according to the present invention as a precision cast product is shown. A case where the present invention is applied to a casting method will be described as an example.

As shown in FIG. 1, this unidirectionally solidified casting method is a casting method in which a mold 1 having a casting space inside is housed in a heating furnace 2 to prevent oxidation contamination of the molten heat-resistant superalloy. In addition, the inside of the heating furnace 2 is kept in a vacuum or an inert gas atmosphere.
An upper end opening (not shown) of the casting space of the mold 1 is a gate, and a lower opening (not shown) of the casting space is fixed in contact with the water cooling plate 3. The water cooling plate 3 can be moved up and down at an appropriate speed by a drive mechanism (not shown), and the mold 1 moves between the heating furnace 2 and the cooling zone 4 located below the heating furnace 2.
Further, the mold 1 is subjected to radiant heating in the heating furnace 2 so that the molten metal poured into the casting space does not solidify, and is maintained at a solidification start temperature of the heat-resistant superalloy or higher. Yes.

  In this unidirectional solidification casting method, first, the mold 1 is fixed on the water-cooled plate 3 in the lowered position so that the lower end opening is in contact therewith, and then the water-cooled plate 3 is raised by a drive mechanism, The mold 1 is set and radiant heating is started (state shown in FIG. 1).

  Next, when the mold 1 on the water-cooled plate 3 is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the solidification temperature of the molten metal, the molten metal is poured from the upper gate of the mold 1 and the molten metal in the mold 1 is soaked or intentionally heated. Maintain radiant heating for temperature gradient setting.

  Then, when a predetermined time has elapsed, as shown by an arrow in FIG. 1, the water cooling plate 3 is lowered by the drive mechanism, and the mold 1 is drawn downward from the heating furnace 2 at a predetermined speed, and the casting space of the mold 1 is reduced. The molten metal is solidified sequentially from bottom to top.

  In the above-described unidirectional solidification casting method, by controlling the drawing speed of the mold 1 from the heating furnace 2 by the driving mechanism, a turbine blade with good quality can be manufactured in most cases, but as shown in FIG. In the base convex portion Ba (simply shown) called the Christmas tree of the turbine blade B, a defect NG such as a shrinkage nest may occur due to the complexity of the shape. Note that the position where such a defect NG occurs is predicted based on an evaluation criterion such as a new mountain parameter.

In order to avoid the occurrence of such a defect, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), a portion where the occurrence of a defect in the mold 1 is predicted is set as a portion 1a where the cooling is desired to be accelerated, A black coloring process is applied to the surface of the portion 1a where the cooling is desired to be accelerated.
That is, the radiation rate of the part 1a where the cooling of the mold 1 is desired to be accelerated is made higher than the radiation rate of the part excluding the part 1a where the cooling is desired to be accelerated.

  Thus, in the above-described unidirectional solidification casting method, casting is performed using the mold 1 in which the radiation rate of the portion 1a that is desired to be cooled is set higher than the radiation rate of the portion other than the portion 1a that is desired to be cooled. Therefore, the solidification form of the molten metal poured into the mold 1 can be controlled as expected, and therefore, the risk of defects occurring in the convex portion Ba at the root of the turbine blade B as shown in FIG. Will be reduced.

  At this time, since it is not necessary to arrange a cooling device or a heating device around the mold 1 to perform local cooling or local heating, it is possible to prevent the casting facility from becoming large and the casting cost from increasing. It becomes.

  Therefore, in order to confirm the effect of the above-described unidirectional solidification casting method, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the front surface 12a of the plate-shaped mold body 12 is subjected to black coloring processing. A mold model 11 in which the radiation rate of 12a was higher than the radiation rate of other parts including the back surface 12b of the mold body 12 was set, and unidirectional solidification casting simulation was performed. At the same time, a mold model 11 that is not black-colored on the front surface 12a of the mold body 12 is set, and a simulation of a normal unidirectional solidification casting method is also performed.

In these simulations, the temperature in the heating furnace is about 1500 ° C., the drawing speed of the mold model 11 from the heating furnace is about 150 mm / h, and the radiation rate (analysis set value) of the part subjected to the black coloring process in the mold model 11 1.0, and the emissivity (analysis set value) of the part excluding the part subjected to the black coloring process in the mold model 11 was set to 0.5.
Further, as shown in FIG. 4C, in the mold model 11, two points A-1 and B-1 on the back surface 12b side of the mold body 12 and two points A-2 and B-2 on the front surface 12a side. The temperature measurement point A-1 on the back surface 12b side and the temperature measurement point A-2 on the front surface 12a side are the same height, and the temperature measurement point B-1 on the back surface 12b side and the front surface 12a side are the same. The temperature measurement point B-2 was also the same height.

  In the temperature curve diagram by the simulation analysis result of the normal unidirectional solidification casting method shown in FIG. 5B, there is almost no difference in the measured temperature at the temperature measurement points of the same height on the front surface 12a side and the back surface 12b side of the mold body 12. Has not occurred.

  On the other hand, in the temperature curve diagram by the simulation analysis result of the unidirectional solidification casting method according to this embodiment shown in FIG. 5A, the temperature measurement points at the same height, that is, the temperature measurement points A-1 and A -2 and the temperature measurement points B-1 and B-2, the measurement temperature at the temperature measurement points A-2 and B-2 on the side where the emissivity is increased is about 30 ° C. From these analysis results, it was proved that the unidirectional solidification casting method according to the present example can locally cool the mold as compared with the normal unidirectional solidification casting method.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the casting method according to the present invention is applied to the unidirectionally solidified casting method for manufacturing the turbine blade has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and a normal atmospheric casting method is used. It can also be applied to.
Further, the configuration of the casting method according to the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment.

1 Mold 1a Part to be cooled faster 2 Heating furnace B Turbine blade (Precision casting)

Claims (1)

When casting a molten metal into a mold having a casting space inside,
In the mold, at least a portion where the cooling is desired is set, and the surface of the portion where the cooling is desired to be accelerated is subjected to a coloring process capable of increasing the radiation rate, so that the radiation rate of the portion where the cooling is desired is increased. The casting method is characterized by being set to be higher than the radiation rate of the portion excluding the portion where the cooling is desired to be accelerated.

Images