JP5519204B2 - Marine hose - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a marine hose for liquid transportation, for example, for transporting oil such as crude oil from a pipeline facility in the sea to a tanker at sea or from a tanker to a tank on land.

  In general, this type of marine hose is provided with a cylindrical inner rubber layer having oil resistance, a cylindrical main reinforcing layer provided radially outside the inner rubber layer, and a radially outer side of the main reinforcing layer. An oil absorbing layer made of a sponge-like member and formed in a cylindrical shape to prevent leakage of oil that has flowed out of the main reinforcing layer, and a cylindrical auxiliary reinforcing layer provided on the radially outer side of the oil absorbing layer; Further, there is known a conductor that is provided with a conductive wire that is affixed to the outer peripheral surface of the main reinforcing layer and that detects leakage of oil from the main reinforcing layer based on breakage of the conductive wire (see, for example, Patent Document 1). ).

JP 2002-181259 A

  By the way, in the marine hose, when the main reinforcing layer is largely damaged and the oil leaks, the conducting wire is broken and the oil leakage can be detected. When oil flows out from the layer little by little over a long period of time, there is a problem in that the conducting wire may not break and oil leakage may not be detected.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a marine hose that can accurately detect oil leakage.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a hose body provided with at least one pressure-proof reinforcing layer and connecting fittings provided at both ends of the hose body in the axial direction, respectively, and transports predetermined oil. In the marine hose, provided in the radial direction outside the pressure-resistant reinforcing layer in the hose body, the oil absorbing layer capable of absorbing the predetermined oil, provided to contact the oil absorbing layer, and not to contact each other An AC power source comprising four or more conductive members provided in the hose body, and a pair of electrodes connected to two of the four or more conductive members, and an AC power source electrode And a detecting device capable of detecting a potential difference or a resistance value between two conductive members among the conductive members not connected to each other.

  As a result, the oil absorption layer is provided on the outer side in the radial direction than the pressure-resistant reinforcement layer. Therefore, when the pressure-resistant reinforcement layer breaks and oil flows out of the pressure-resistant reinforcement layer, the oil is absorbed by the oil absorption layer. The In addition, four or more conductive members are provided so as to be in contact with the oil absorption layer, and an AC voltage is applied to two of the conductive members, and an electrode of an AC power source is not connected. Since the potential difference or resistance value between the two conductive members is detected, when the oil is absorbed in the oil absorption layer, the conductivity of the oil absorption layer changes and changes to the detected potential difference or resistance value. Appears.

  According to the present invention, when the pressure-proof reinforcement layer is damaged and oil flows out of the pressure-proof reinforcement layer, the detected potential difference or resistance value changes, or the detected capacitance or potential difference changes. For example, even if the pressure-proof reinforcement layer is very small and the oil flows out from the pressure-proof reinforcement layer little by little over a long period of time, it is possible to detect the oil outflow and accurately detect the oil leakage. This is extremely advantageous.

The figure which shows the structure of the marine hose of one Embodiment of this invention. Cross section of the main part of the marine hose A diagram schematically showing the connection of each conductor, AC power supply and detection device Front view of experimental model Graph showing experimental results Graph showing experimental results A diagram schematically showing the connection of each conductor, AC power supply and detection device Graph showing experimental results Graph showing experimental results Main part sectional drawing of a marine hose which shows the modification of this embodiment

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The marine hose includes a hose body 10 and connecting fittings 20 provided at both ends of the hose body 10 in the axial direction. This marine hose is used, for example, to connect a tanker anchored at sea and an onshore tank and feed crude oil from the tanker to the onshore tank.

  The hose body 10 includes a cylindrical inner rubber layer 11 having oil resistance against crude oil, a cylindrical first pressure-resistant reinforcing layer 12 disposed radially outside the inner rubber layer 11, and a first pressure-resistant reinforcing layer 12. Cylindrical buffer layer 13 as an oil absorption layer arranged radially outside, cylindrical second pressure-proof reinforcing layer 14 arranged radially outside buffer layer 13, and diameter of second pressure-proof reinforcing layer 14 The buoyancy material layer 15 disposed on the outer side in the direction, and the cover rubber layer 16 formed so as to cover the inner rubber layer 11, the first pressure-resistant reinforcing layer 12, the buffer layer 13, the second pressure-resistant reinforcing layer 14, and the buoyant material layer 15. (See FIG. 2).

  The inner rubber layer 11 is made of a known oil resistant rubber such as acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, and is provided on the innermost radial direction of the hose body 10. That is, crude oil flows through the inner rubber layer 11 of the hose body 10.

  The first pressure-resistant reinforcing layer 12 includes, for example, a first carcass 12a and a second carcass 12b. Each carcass 12a, 12b is a rubber layer reinforced with nylon cord, polyester cord, metal cord, etc., and has a well-known structure used for marine hoses.

  The buffer layer 13 is formed by forming a sheet-like resin such as urethane foam or foamed rubber or a rubber sponge into a cylindrical shape, and the second pressure-resistant reinforcing layer 14 is damaged by an impact when the first pressure-resistant reinforcing layer 12 bursts. It is provided as a cushioning material so that it does not. Further, the buffer layer 13 is configured to be able to absorb the crude oil by its bubble part. In addition, since carbon powder is apply | coated or kneaded to sponge, this sponge is provided with electroconductivity.

  The second pressure-resistant reinforcing layer 14 is made of a rubber layer (carcass) reinforced with nylon cord, polyester cord, metal cord, or the like, and has a well-known structure used for marine hoses.

  The buoyancy material layer 15 is made of foamed rubber made of natural rubber or the like, foamed resin made of polyethylene or the like, or a sponge made of rubber or resin, and is provided to float the marine hose on the sea.

  The cover rubber layer 16 is made of styrene butadiene rubber, natural rubber, chloroprene rubber or the like.

  In addition, the marine hose which has the inner surface rubber layer 11, the 1st pressure | voltage resistant reinforcement layer 12, the buffer layer 13, the 2nd pressure | voltage resistant reinforcement layer 14, the buoyancy material layer 15, and the cover rubber layer 16 is common, and a buoyancy material is needed as needed. A configuration in which the layer 15 is omitted may be used, and other configurations may be added.

  Each connecting bracket 20 is made of a metal material and is detachably connected to the connecting bracket 20 of another marine hose.

  The first conductive wire CL1, the second conductive wire CL2, the third conductive wire CL3, and the fourth conductive wire CL4 as four conductive members are wound around the outer peripheral surface of the buffer layer 13 of the hose body 10 in a spiral shape. The conductors CL1, CL2, CL3, and CL4 are wound so as not to contact each other, and in the axial direction of the hose body 10, the first conductor CL1, the second conductor CL2, the third conductor CL3, and the fourth conductor CL4 are approximately equal in this order. It is wound so as to be lined up at intervals (see FIG. 1). Each conducting wire CL1, CL2, CL3, CL4 is made of, for example, a tin-plated wire.

  A pair of electrodes of a known AC power supply 30 are connected to the ends of the first conductor CL1 and the third conductor CL3, respectively. The AC power supply 30 is connected to the first conductor CL1 and the third conductor CL3, for example, at an effective value of 1V and 1 kHz. A sinusoidal AC voltage is applied. The ends of the second conductor CL2 and the fourth conductor CL4 are connected to a detection device 40 using a known lock-in amplifier, and the potential difference between the second conductor CL2 and the fourth conductor CL4 is detected by the detector 40. Alternatively, the resistance value is detected.

  Thus, according to this embodiment, since the buffer layer 13 is provided on the radially outer side of the first pressure-resistant reinforcing layer 12, the inner rubber layer 11 and the first pressure-resistant reinforcing layer 12 are damaged, and the crude oil is 1 When the oil flows out of the pressure-resistant reinforcing layer 12, the crude oil is absorbed by the buffer layer 13.

  Also, the four conductors CL1, CL2, CL3, and CL4 are provided so as to contact the buffer layer 13, respectively, and a pair of electrodes of a known AC power source 30 are provided at the ends of the first conductor CL1 and the third conductor CL3. The AC voltage is applied to the first conductor CL1 and the third conductor CL3, respectively, and the potential difference or resistance value between the second conductor CL2 and the fourth conductor CL4 is detected by the detection device 40. . Here, the connection of each of the conductive wires CL1, CL2, CL3, CL4, the AC power supply 30, and the detection device 40 is schematically shown in FIG. Each resistor R in FIG. 3 is a buffer layer 13 disposed between the conductors CL1, CL2, CL3, and CL4. That is, when crude oil is absorbed in the buffer layer 13, the conductivity of the buffer layer 13 changes, and the detected potential difference or resistance value changes. Therefore, for example, even when the first pressure-resistant reinforcing layer 12 is very little damaged and crude oil flows out from the first pressure-resistant reinforcing layer little by little over a long period of time, it is possible to detect the outflow of the crude oil. It is extremely advantageous to perform the above with high accuracy.

  The applicant made a model shown in FIG. 4 and experimented whether or not a crude oil spill could be detected using this model. 4 includes a cylindrical model body 51 made of polyvinyl chloride and having an outer diameter of 165 mm and a length of 1 m, a cylindrical rubber layer 52 wound around the outer side in the radial direction of the model body 51, and a rubber layer 52. A resin sponge layer 53 wound outward in the radial direction, four conductor wires CL1, CL2, CL3, and CL4 wound spirally around the outer peripheral surface of the resin sponge layer 53, and each conductor wire CL1 and CL2 , CL3, CL4 and a resin sponge layer 53 wound around the rubber layer 52, and a polyethylene covering layer 54 covering the rubber layer 52. The ends of the first conductor CL1 and the third conductor CL3 are paired with the AC power supply 30. Are connected to each other, and the detection device 40 detects the potential difference and the resistance value between the second conductor CL2 and the fourth conductor CL4. The resin sponge layer 53 is made of the same sponge material as the buffer layer 13.

  In the experiment, this model resin sponge layer 53 was gradually impregnated with crude oil, and the relationship between the amount of impregnated crude oil and the detection result of the potential difference was obtained (see FIG. 5). In FIG. 5, the potential difference and the resistance value decreased as the amount of the impregnated crude oil increased, and the change rate of the potential difference and the resistance value was about 40% at the maximum in the range of the experiment (see FIG. 6).

  In the present embodiment, a pair of electrodes of the AC power supply 30 is connected to the ends of the first conductor CL1 and the third conductor CL3, respectively, and the potential difference between the second conductor CL2 and the fourth conductor CL4 is detected by the detection device 40. Or the resistance value is shown. That is, in this embodiment, the conducting wires CL1 and CL3 to which the AC power supply 30 is connected are not adjacent, and the conducting wires CL2 and CL4 whose potential difference or resistance value is detected by the detection device 40 are not adjacent. On the other hand, a pair of electrodes of the AC power supply 30 is connected to the ends of the first conductor CL1 and the fourth conductor CL4, respectively, and the potential difference or resistance value between the second conductor CL2 and the third conductor CL3 is detected by the detection device 40. Can also be detected. In this case, the conductors CL1 and CL4 to which the AC power supply 30 is connected are adjacent to each other, and the conductors CL2 and CL3 whose potential difference or resistance value is detected by the detection device 40 are also adjacent to each other. The connection between the AC power supply 30 and the detection device 40 in this case is schematically shown in FIG.

  FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 show an experiment of whether or not crude oil spill can be detected using the model of FIG. That is, the potential difference and the resistance value increased as the amount of the impregnated crude oil increased, and the change rate of the potential difference and the resistance value was about 20% at the maximum in the experimental range.

  That is, a pair of electrodes of the AC power supply 30 is connected to the ends of the first conductor CL1 and the fourth conductor CL4, and the potential difference or resistance value between the second conductor CL2 and the third conductor CL3 is detected by the detection device 40. Even in this case, the same effect as described above can be achieved. However, a pair of electrodes of the AC power supply 30 are connected to the ends of the first conductor CL1 and the third conductor CL3, respectively, and the potential difference or resistance value between the second conductor CL2 and the fourth conductor CL4 is detected by the detection device 40. It is preferable to improve the detection accuracy because the change rate of the potential difference and the resistance value is large as shown in FIG.

  In the present embodiment, four conductors CL1, CL2, CL3, and CL4 are spirally wound around the outer peripheral surface of the buffer layer 13. On the other hand, five or more conductors are spirally wound around the outer peripheral surface of the buffer layer 13 so that they do not contact each other, and each of the pair of electrodes of the AC power supply 30 is connected to two of the conductors and detected. If the device 40 is provided so as to detect a potential difference or a resistance value between two of the conductive wires to which the electrode of the AC power supply 30 is not connected, the same effect as described above can be achieved.

  In the present embodiment, the conductors CL1, CL2, CL3, and CL4 made of tin-plated wires are wound around the outer peripheral surface of the buffer layer 13, but wires made of other metal materials are used as the conductors CL1, CL2, and CL3. , CL4 can also be provided, and a band-shaped member made of a metal material can be provided instead of the conductors CL1, CL2, CL3, CL4. In these cases, the same effect as described above can be achieved. It is.

  In the present embodiment, the conductors CL1, CL2, CL3, and CL4 are spirally wound around the outer peripheral surface of the buffer layer 13, but the conductors CL1, CL2, CL3, and CL4 are wound around the outer periphery of the buffer layer 13. It is also possible to attach to the surface so as to extend in the axial direction of the hose body 10. Even in this case, if the conductors CL1, CL2, CL3, and CL4 are provided so as not to contact each other, the same effect as described above can be achieved.

  In the present embodiment, the conductors CL1, CL2, CL3, and CL4 are in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the buffer layer. However, some or all of the conductors CL1, CL2, CL3, and CL4 are part of the buffer layer 13. It is also possible to provide it so as to be in contact with the inside or the inner peripheral surface of this, and even in this case, the same effect as described above can be achieved.

In the present embodiment, the conductor or the conductive sheet is brought into contact with the buffer layer 13 made of sponge. On the other hand, it is also possible to provide a known cloth material or granular member capable of absorbing crude oil instead of the sponge. Even in this case, as long as the detection device 40 can detect the potential difference based on the applied voltage of the AC power supply 30, the same effect as described above can be achieved.

In the present embodiment, a marine hose having a double carcass structure having the first pressure-resistant reinforcing layer 12 and the second pressure-resistant reinforcing layer 14 is shown. However, as shown in FIG. 10 , a single carcass without the second pressure-resistant reinforcing layer 14 is provided. Even in the case of the structure, it is possible to provide the buffer layer 13 on the outer side in the radial direction of the first pressure-resistant reinforcing layer 12, and to wind the conductors CL1, CL2, CL3, CL4 around the outer peripheral surface of the buffer layer 13, for example. Even in this case, the same effect as described above can be achieved. Furthermore, without providing the buffer layer 13, it is also possible to provide each of the conductors CL 1, CL 2, CL 3, and CL 4 so as to contact the buoyancy material layer 15. In this case, the detection device 40 applies the applied voltage of the AC power supply 30. If the potential difference based on the above can be detected, the same effect as described above can be achieved.

  In the present embodiment, the detection device 40 using the lock-in amplifier is provided. However, a known device capable of detecting a potential difference, a resistance value, or a capacitance can also be used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Hose main body, 11 ... Inner surface rubber layer, 12 ... 1st pressure | voltage resistant reinforcement layer, 13 ... Buffer layer, 14 ... 2nd pressure | voltage resistant reinforcement layer, 15 ... Buoyant material layer, 16 ... Cover rubber layer , 20 ... Connection metal fitting, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 30 ... AC power supply, 40 ... Detection apparatus, 51 ... Model main body, 52 ... Rubber layer, 53 ... Resin sponge layer, 54 ... Covering layer.

Claims (3)

In a marine hose comprising a hose body provided with at least one pressure-proof reinforcing layer and connecting fittings provided at both ends in the axial direction of the hose body, and transporting predetermined oil,
An oil absorption layer provided radially outside the pressure-resistant reinforcing layer in the hose body, and capable of absorbing the predetermined oil;
Each provided with four or more conductive members provided in the hose body so as to be in contact with the oil absorbing layer and not in contact with each other,
An AC power source in which each of a pair of electrodes is connected to two of the four or more conductive members;
A marine hose comprising a detection device capable of detecting a potential difference or a resistance value between two conductive members among conductive members to which an electrode of an AC power source is not connected. The two conductive members connected to the AC power supply are not adjacent to each other, and the potential difference or resistance value between the two conductive members not adjacent to each other is detected by the detection device. The marine hose according to claim 1, wherein The two conductive members to which the AC power supply is connected are adjacent to each other, and the potential difference or resistance value between the two conductive members adjacent to each other is detected by the detection device. The marine hose according to claim 1.

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