JP5517332B2 - 人工呼吸器及びその作動方法 - Google Patents
人工呼吸器及びその作動方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5517332B2 JP5517332B2 JP2009197889A JP2009197889A JP5517332B2 JP 5517332 B2 JP5517332 B2 JP 5517332B2 JP 2009197889 A JP2009197889 A JP 2009197889A JP 2009197889 A JP2009197889 A JP 2009197889A JP 5517332 B2 JP5517332 B2 JP 5517332B2
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- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 59
- 230000003434 inspiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 28
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000010496 Heart Arrest Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010038669 Respiratory arrest Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000747 cardiac effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910000652 nickel hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036387 respiratory rate Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003519 ventilatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/021—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes operated by electrical means
- A61M16/022—Control means therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/20—Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
- A61M16/201—Controlled valves
- A61M16/202—Controlled valves electrically actuated
- A61M16/203—Proportional
- A61M16/204—Proportional used for inhalation control
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/20—Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
- A61M16/201—Controlled valves
- A61M16/202—Controlled valves electrically actuated
- A61M16/203—Proportional
- A61M16/205—Proportional used for exhalation control
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/20—Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
- A61M16/208—Non-controlled one-way valves, e.g. exhalation, check, pop-off non-rebreathing valves
- A61M16/209—Relief valves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor
- A61M16/0063—Compressors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/06—Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
- A61M2016/0015—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors
- A61M2016/0018—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors electrical
- A61M2016/0021—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors electrical with a proportional output signal, e.g. from a thermistor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/50—General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers
- A61M2205/502—User interfaces, e.g. screens or keyboards
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/58—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/82—Internal energy supply devices
- A61M2205/8206—Internal energy supply devices battery-operated
- A61M2205/8212—Internal energy supply devices battery-operated with means or measures taken for minimising energy consumption
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/82—Internal energy supply devices
- A61M2205/8262—Internal energy supply devices connectable to external power source, e.g. connecting to automobile battery through the cigarette lighter
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
Description
上記マスクは、患者に装着されるためのものである。上記リザーバタンクは、吸気用気体を貯留する。上記弁機構は、上記マスクと上記リザーバタンクとの間に接続され、第1の状態と第2の状態とを有する。上記第1の状態は、上記リザーバタンク内の上記吸気用気体を上記マスクに送出する。上記第2の状態は、上記マスクから排出される上記患者の呼気を解放する。上記制御部は、上記第1の状態と上記第2の状態とを交互に切り替え可能である。上記制御部は、上記第1の状態が第1の時間維持され、上記第2の状態が上記第1の時間以上の長さを有する第2の時間維持されるように上記弁機構の駆動を制御する。上記加圧ポンプは、上記リザーバタンクに接続され、上記第1の時間で消費された上記吸気用気体を上記第2の時間内に補充する。
これにより、所定の定置場所への人工呼吸器の設置、及び定置場所からの人工呼吸器の移動を容易に行うことが可能となる。
これにより、医療従事者以外の一般市民による人工呼吸器の操作が可能となる。
G1=換気量×圧力=0.5×104.26=52.13kPa・L …(1)
となる。この換気が1.66秒で行われるので、ガス流量Q1は、
Q1=(G1/1.66)×60
=(52.13/1.66)×60=1884kPa・L/min …(2)
となる。1気圧20℃に換算すると、
1884/101.3=18.6L/min …(3)
となる。0℃、1気圧の標準状態にすると、
18.6×(273/293)=17.33NL/min …(4)
となる。この流量を満足できる加圧ポンプの消費電力は、ポンプの構造、駆動モータの効率により大きく変わるが、30W〜50W程度であり、駆動のための蓄電池は大きなものを用意する必要がある。
G1=(5/60)×Q2 …(5)
となる。(1)式より、
Q2=625.56kPa・L/min …(6)
20℃、1気圧に換算すると、
625.56/101.3=6.17L/min …(7)
となる。これを0℃、1気圧の標準状態とすると、
6.17×(273/293)=5.75NL/min …(8)
となる。上記の計算により、リザーバタンクを使用することで、リザーバタンクを使用しない場合と比較すると、(4)式より、17.33NL/minの加圧ポンプから、5.75NL/minの加圧ポンプへと小型化できる。
G−G1+Q2×(1.66/60) …(9)
となる。なお、呼気終了時のガス量は、吸気終了時のガス量にQ2×(3.33/60)が加えられたものとなる。従って、吸気終了時のリザーバタンクのガス量低下(ΔQ)は、(9)式より、34.83kPa・Lとなる。図4に、時間に対するリザーバタンクのガス量変化を示す。
P=G/V …(10)
で示される。ここで、リザーバタンク容量を1L、初期圧力を141.3kPa(40kPaG)とした場合の圧力変化を図5に示す。吸気ガスが消費されることによる圧力変化は、
ΔP=G/V=34.83/1=34.83kPa
となり、吸気終了時の圧力は、141.26−34.83=106.43kPaとなり、最低吸気圧力104.26kPaを満足できる。
4…リザーバタンク
5…吸気用電磁弁
6…減圧弁
8…呼気用電磁弁
15…マスク
17…制御部
18…表示部
19…スピーカ
20…蓄電池
23…筐体
100…人工呼吸器
Claims (5)
- 患者に装着されるマスクと、
予め加圧された吸気用気体を貯留するリザーバタンクと、
前記リザーバタンク内の前記吸気用気体を前記マスクに送出する第1の状態と、前記マスクから排出される前記患者の呼気を解放する第2の状態とを有する、前記マスクと前記リザーバタンクとの間に接続された弁機構と、
前記第1の状態と前記第2の状態とを交互に切り替え可能であり、前記第1の状態が第1の時間維持され、前記第2の状態が前記第1の時間以上の長さを有する第2の時間維持されるように前記弁機構の駆動を制御する制御部と、
前記リザーバタンクに接続された加圧ポンプと、
前記加圧ポンプと前記リザーバタンクとの間に取り付けられ、前記リザーバタンクから前記加圧ポンプへの前記吸気用気体の逆流を防止する逆止弁と
を具備し、
前記制御部は、使用時に、前記加圧ポンプを一定回転数で連続運転させることで前記第1の時間で消費された前記吸気用気体を前記第2の時間内に前記リザーバタンクへ補充させ、かつ、使用終了時に、前記リザーバタンクを加圧した状態で前記加圧ポンプを停止させる
人工呼吸器。 - 請求項1に記載の人工呼吸器であって、
前記弁機構、前記制御部及び前記加圧ポンプにそれぞれ電力を供給する蓄電池と、
前記蓄電池、前記マスク、前記リザーバタンク、前記弁機構、前記制御部、前記逆止弁及び前記加圧ポンプをそれぞれ収容する筐体とをさらに具備する
人工呼吸器。 - 請求項2に記載の人工呼吸器であって、
前記人工呼吸器の操作手順を音声又は映像にて案内する案内手段をさらに具備する
人工呼吸器。 - 制御部が、マスクへ、予め加圧されたリザーバタンク内の吸気用気体を第1の時間送出するように前記弁機構を制御する第1の工程、
前記第1の工程に続き、前記制御部が、前記リザーバタンクと前記マスクとの連通を前記第1の時間以上の長さを有する第2の時間遮断するように前記弁機構を制御し、前記リザーバタンクに接続された加圧ポンプを前記第1の時間から前記第2の時間にわたって一定回転数で連続運転させることにより、前記第1の時間で消費された前記吸気用気体を前記第2の時間内に前記リザーバタンクに補充させる第2の工程、
前記第2の工程に続き、前記制御部が、前記マスクへ、予め加圧された前記リザーバタンク内の吸気用気体を前記第1の時間送出するように前記弁機構を制御する第3の工程の各工程からなる
人工呼吸器の作動方法。 - 請求項4に記載の人工呼吸器の運転方法であって、
前記第1及び第3の工程では、さらに、前記加圧ポンプと前記リザーバタンクとの間に取り付けられた逆止弁が、前記リザーバタンクから前記加圧ポンプへの、前記予め加圧された吸気用気体の逆流を防止する
人工呼吸器の作動方法。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2009197889A JP5517332B2 (ja) | 2009-08-28 | 2009-08-28 | 人工呼吸器及びその作動方法 |
US13/203,369 US20120118292A1 (en) | 2009-08-28 | 2010-08-02 | Artificial Respirator and Operation Method Thereof |
PCT/JP2010/004858 WO2011024383A1 (ja) | 2009-08-28 | 2010-08-02 | 人工呼吸器及びその運転方法 |
EP10811442.2A EP2389971A4 (en) | 2009-08-28 | 2010-08-02 | FAN AND OPERATING METHOD THEREFOR |
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JP2009197889A JP5517332B2 (ja) | 2009-08-28 | 2009-08-28 | 人工呼吸器及びその作動方法 |
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JP2011045625A JP2011045625A (ja) | 2011-03-10 |
JP5517332B2 true JP5517332B2 (ja) | 2014-06-11 |
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US (1) | US20120118292A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2389971A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5517332B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011024383A1 (ja) |
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WO2007035804A2 (en) | 2005-09-20 | 2007-03-29 | Lutz Freitag | Systems, methods and apparatus for respiratory support of a patient |
WO2007142812A2 (en) | 2006-05-18 | 2007-12-13 | Breathe Technologies, Inc. | Tracheotomy method and device |
WO2008019102A2 (en) | 2006-08-03 | 2008-02-14 | Breathe Technologies, Inc. | Methods and devices for minimally invasive respiratory support |
WO2008144589A1 (en) | 2007-05-18 | 2008-11-27 | Breathe Technologies, Inc. | Methods and devices for sensing respiration and providing ventilation therapy |
EP2200686A4 (en) | 2007-09-26 | 2017-11-01 | Breathe Technologies, Inc. | Methods and devices for providing inspiratory and expiratory flow relief during ventilation therapy |
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CA2734296C (en) | 2008-08-22 | 2018-12-18 | Breathe Technologies, Inc. | Methods and devices for providing mechanical ventilation with an open airway interface |
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US9132250B2 (en) | 2009-09-03 | 2015-09-15 | Breathe Technologies, Inc. | Methods, systems and devices for non-invasive ventilation including a non-sealing ventilation interface with an entrainment port and/or pressure feature |
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BR112013006931A2 (pt) | 2010-09-30 | 2016-07-12 | Breathe Technologies Inc | métodos, sistemas e dispositivos para umidificação de trato respiratório |
JP5930149B2 (ja) * | 2011-07-14 | 2016-06-08 | 株式会社アルバック | 人工呼吸器 |
JP5839354B2 (ja) * | 2011-07-14 | 2016-01-06 | 株式会社アルバック | 人工呼吸器 |
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EP1171182B1 (de) * | 1999-04-07 | 2008-11-19 | eVent Medical Limited | Beatmungsgerät |
US6546577B1 (en) * | 1999-11-08 | 2003-04-15 | James Chinn | Mobile medical emergency and surgical table |
JP4387137B2 (ja) * | 2003-07-30 | 2009-12-16 | 帝人株式会社 | 呼吸用気体供給装置 |
EP1718355A1 (en) | 2004-02-26 | 2006-11-08 | Sekos, Inc. | Self-contained micromechanical ventilator |
US7121276B2 (en) * | 2005-02-09 | 2006-10-17 | Vbox, Incorporated | Personal oxygen concentrator |
US20070221221A1 (en) * | 2006-02-23 | 2007-09-27 | Cooke Richard H | Ventilator for Rapid Response to Respiratory Disease Conditions |
JP5064772B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-01 | 2012-10-31 | テルモ株式会社 | 酸素吸入装置 |
-
2009
- 2009-08-28 JP JP2009197889A patent/JP5517332B2/ja active Active
-
2010
- 2010-08-02 US US13/203,369 patent/US20120118292A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-08-02 WO PCT/JP2010/004858 patent/WO2011024383A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2010-08-02 EP EP10811442.2A patent/EP2389971A4/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
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US20120118292A1 (en) | 2012-05-17 |
EP2389971A1 (en) | 2011-11-30 |
EP2389971A4 (en) | 2014-10-01 |
JP2011045625A (ja) | 2011-03-10 |
WO2011024383A1 (ja) | 2011-03-03 |
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