JP5513864B2 - 原子炉炉内構造物およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
原子炉炉内構造物およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- DGXKDBWJDQHNCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(oxo)titanium nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni++].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O DGXKDBWJDQHNCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 alkoxide compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002822 niobium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical group [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti].[Ni] Chemical compound [Ti].[Ni] HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- PMTRSEDNJGMXLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium zirconium Chemical compound [Ti].[Zr] PMTRSEDNJGMXLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007749 high velocity oxygen fuel spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
- C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/1204—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material inorganic material, e.g. non-oxide and non-metallic such as sulfides, nitrides based compounds
- C23C18/1208—Oxides, e.g. ceramics
- C23C18/1216—Metal oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/1229—Composition of the substrate
- C23C18/1241—Metallic substrates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/02—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid
- F04F5/10—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid displacing liquids, e.g. containing solids, or liquids and elastic fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
- F04F5/46—Arrangements of nozzles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C1/00—Reactor types
- G21C1/04—Thermal reactors ; Epithermal reactors
- G21C1/06—Heterogeneous reactors, i.e. in which fuel and moderator are separated
- G21C1/08—Heterogeneous reactors, i.e. in which fuel and moderator are separated moderator being highly pressurised, e.g. boiling water reactor, integral super-heat reactor, pressurised water reactor
- G21C1/084—Boiling water reactors
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- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/24—Promoting flow of the coolant
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- G21C19/307—Arrangements for introducing fluent material into the reactor core; Arrangements for removing fluent material from the reactor core with continuous purification of circulating fluent material, e.g. by extraction of fission products deterioration or corrosion products, impurities, e.g. by cold traps specially adapted for liquids
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- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
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- G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
- G21C17/02—Devices or arrangements for monitoring coolant or moderator
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- G21C17/0225—Chemical surface treatment, e.g. corrosion
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Description
また、水ジェット洗浄を行うことで付着堆積したクラッドを取り除くことも提案されているが、その費用は極めて高価であり、実用的ではない。
この課題を解決するために、従来、ジェットポンプ部材の表面に各種の皮膜を形成することによりクラッドの付着を抑制することが提案されていた(特許文献1〜4)。しかしながら、これらの技術は、いずれも、皮膜形成によるクラッドの付着抑制効果が十分でなく、また、皮膜形成のために高価な装置が必要であり、皮膜形成部材の大きさ、形状に制限があるなどの課題があった。
図1は外部再循環方式によるジェットポンプシステムを採用した沸騰水型原子炉の概略構成を示す縦断面図、図2は沸騰水型原子炉のジェットポンプの要部拡大図である。
ジェットポンプ11へのクラッドの付着を抑制するために、ジェットポンプ11を構成するジェットポンプ部材の表面の少なくとも一部、特にクラッドの付着の著しい部位に、酸化ニオブ、チタン酸ジルコニウムまたはチタン酸ニッケルからなるコーティング皮膜を形成する。これにより炉水中に存在するクラッドがジェットポンプ部材表面に付着、堆積することを抑制し、ジェットポンプ11の初期の性能を長期間に亘って維持することができる。
この熱処理により、ジェットポンプ部材の表面に酸化ニオブ、チタン酸ジルコニウムまたはチタン酸ニッケルからなるコーティング皮膜が形成される。
試験片として、ステンレスSUS304Lを40mm×5mm×1mmの短冊状に加工したものを用意する。
このコーティング皮膜を形成した試験片に対し、実機を模擬したクラッド付着特性試験を行った。
チタンとジルコニウムに原子比率が1:1であるチタン−ジルコニウム系アルコキシドを5重量%含むイソプロピルアルコール溶液を用いた他は実施例1と同じ方法、条件でコーティング皮膜を形成した。試験片上に形成されたコーティング皮膜はアモルファスのチタン酸ジルコニウムからなるものであった。
チタンとニッケルの原子比率が1:1であるチタン−ニッケル系アルコキシド5重量%含むブタノール溶液を用いた他は実施例1と同じ方法、条件でコーティング皮膜を形成した。試験片上に形成されたコーティング皮膜はアモルファスのチタン酸ニッケルからなるものであった。
比較例1として、コーティング皮膜を形成しないSUS304L基材からなる試験片についても実施例1と同じ方法でクラッド付着特性試験を行った。その結果、目視、または顕微鏡観察により試験片表面に顕著なクラッド付着が観察され、また顕著な重量増も認められた。
Claims (12)
- 沸騰水型原子炉を構成する原子炉炉内構造物の表面の少なくとも一部に、酸化ニオブ、チタン酸ジルコニウムまたはチタン酸ニッケルからなるコーティング皮膜を形成したことを特徴とする原子炉炉内構造物。
- 前記チタン酸ジルコニウムのチタンとジルコニウムの原子比率が1:1であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の原子炉炉内構造物。
- 前記チタン酸ニッケルのチタンとニッケルの原子比率が1:1であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の原子炉炉内構造物。
- 前記コーティング皮膜は、膜厚が、0.01μm以上、10μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3いずれかに記載の原子炉炉内構造物。
- 前記原子炉炉内構造物が、インレットミキサーを構成するジェットポンプ部材であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4いずれかに記載の原子炉炉内構造物。
- 沸騰水型原子炉を構成する原子炉炉内構造物の表面の少なくとも一部にニオブ化合物を含む溶液を塗布する工程と、前記溶液を塗布した原子炉炉内構造物の表面を熱処理して酸化ニオブからなるコーティング皮膜を形成する工程とを有することを特徴とする原子炉炉内構造物の製造方法。
- 沸騰水型原子炉を構成する原子炉炉内構造物の表面の少なくとも一部にチタン及びジルコニウムの錯体を含む溶液、チタン及びジルコニウムのアルコキシド化合物を含む溶液又はチタン及びジルコニウムの塩を含む溶液を塗布する工程と、前記溶液を塗布した原子炉炉内構造物の表面を熱処理してチタン酸ジルコニウムからなるコーティング皮膜を形成する工程とを有することを特徴とする原子炉炉内構造物の製造方法。
- 前記溶液のチタンとジルコニウムの原子比率が1:1であることを特徴とする請求項7記載の原子炉炉内構造物の製造方法。
- 沸騰水型原子炉を構成する原子炉炉内構造物の表面の少なくとも一部にチタン及びニッケルの錯体を含む溶液、チタン及びニッケルのアルコキシド化合物を含む溶液又はチタン及びニッケルの塩を含む溶液を塗布する工程と、前記溶液を塗布した原子炉炉内構造物の表面を熱処理してチタン酸ニッケルからなるコーティング皮膜を形成する工程とを有することを特徴とする原子炉炉内構造物の製造方法。
- 前記溶液のチタンとニッケルの原子比率が1:1であることを特徴とする請求項9記載の原子炉炉内構造物の製造方法。
- 前記熱処理は、80℃以上、600℃以下の温度で行うことを特徴とする請求項6ないし10いずれかに記載の原子炉炉内構造物の製造方法。
- 前記コーティング皮膜は、膜厚が、0.01μm以上、10μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項6ないし11いずれかに記載の原子炉炉内構造物の製造方法。
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