JP5508275B2 - 骨形態形成タンパク質結合ペプチド - Google Patents
骨形態形成タンパク質結合ペプチド Download PDFInfo
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- JP5508275B2 JP5508275B2 JP2010534048A JP2010534048A JP5508275B2 JP 5508275 B2 JP5508275 B2 JP 5508275B2 JP 2010534048 A JP2010534048 A JP 2010534048A JP 2010534048 A JP2010534048 A JP 2010534048A JP 5508275 B2 JP5508275 B2 JP 5508275B2
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Description
骨芽細胞は、骨髄間質細胞(間葉系幹細胞としても知られている)のプールから誘導される。MSCは多様な組織に存在し、骨髄間質に多くみられる。MSCは多能性であり、骨芽細胞、軟骨細胞、線維芽細胞、筋細胞及び脂肪細胞を含む、軟骨形成(chondrogenic)又は骨形成(osteogenic)細胞に分化し得る。
脱ミネラル化骨マトリックス(DBM)による異所性骨形成の誘導については、すでに記載されている。(Urist, M. R.: Bone: Formation by autoinduction. Science 150:893-899, 1965; Urist, et al., Purification of bovine morphogenetic protein by hydroxyapatite chromatography. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81 :371-375, 1984; Urist, M. R. Emerging concepts of bone morphogenetic protein. In Fundamentals of Bone Growth: Methodology and Applications, Boston C. R. C. Press, pp. 189-198, 1991.)。さらに、特定の精製されたタンパク質分画、骨形態形成タンパク質(bone morphogenic protein)/非コラーゲン性タンパク質(「BMP/NCP」又は「BMP」)の特性についても、すでに記載されている。(Urist, et al. Methods of Preparation and Bioassay of Bone Morphogenetic Protein and polypeptide fragments. Methods in Enzymology. Vol. 146. New York, Academic Press, pp. 294-312, 1987; Urist, et al., Hydroxyapatite affinity, electroelution, and radioimmunoassay for identification of human and bovine bone morphogenetic proteins and polypeptides. Development and Diseases of Cartilage and Bone Matrix. New York, Alan R, Liss, Inc., pp. 149-176, 1987.)。
本発明の一つの応用において、該方法は、骨の局部修復を誘発するために、又は骨粗鬆症のような骨関連障害を治療するために適用することができる。
一つの態様において、本発明は、治療的に有効量のBBP及びBMP又はDBMが含まれている、脊椎動物において該骨形成の速度又は程度を誘発することに使用のための医薬を含むことができる。本発明はさらに、BBPを含んでいるペプチドが含まれている、脊椎動物において該石灰化の速度又は程度を誘発することに使用のための医薬を含むことができる。
多数のBBPの応用がその薬理学的(生物学的活性)特性から示唆される。例えば、BBP単独で、又はBMP−2、BMP−4及びBMP−7のような他のTGFファミリーメンバー又は脱ミネラル化骨マトリックスとの組み合わせを、骨形成を誘発する、骨恒常性を維持する及び/又は骨修復を増強するための臨床又は研究法で使用することができる。BBPは単独で又は組み合わせて、発育性又は恒常性骨疾患(骨粗鬆症のような)、骨損傷(平らな(例えば、膜性)及び長い(例えば、軟骨内)骨の骨折治癒のような[これは等しく応用可能と解釈される])、癒着不能骨折を治療するため、及び再建手術に使用することができる。本発明は、歯周炎治療、歯周組織再生、歯インプラント再構築のための歯槽堤増大術、癒着不能骨折の治療、膝/腰/関節修復の部位又は置換手術にも使用することができる。
本発明で有用なBBP又はTGF−βファミリーメンバーの治療的有効量は、患者に対して正の臨床効果、又は前述のように、石灰化又は骨形成を増強する剤の能力により測定される所望の効果を細胞において有する量である。各剤の治療的有効量は、負の副作用を最少化する一方、所望の臨床効果を達成するように変調することが可能である。剤の用量は、投与経路、疾患の重症度、患者の年齢及び体重、患者が服用している他の医薬、及び主治医により考慮される他の因子に依存し、特定の患者に適した個々の投与計画及び用量レベルを決定する際に選択することができる。
剤形中に含まれている剤の治療的有効量は、選択された剤のタイプ及び投与の経路を考慮することにより選択することができる。剤形は、薬学分野の当業者には公知である、患者への投薬を容易にするための補助剤及び薬学的に許容できる担体が含まれる他の不活性成分と組み合わされた剤を含むことができる。
本発明は、石灰化骨形成を増強するために独立して又はBBPと相乗的に働く追加の剤での治療を含むことができる。例えば、BBPはBMP、ビスホスホネート、エストロゲン受容体変調剤のようなホルモン療法治療、カルシトニン及びビタミンD/カルシウム補給、PTH(フォルテオ又はテリパラチド(Eli Lilly)のような)、フッ化ナトリウム、及びインスリン様増殖因子I及びIl及びTGF−βのような骨に対して正の効果を有する増殖因子と併用することができる。当業者は、標準治療用量パラメーターを使用して各療法についての許容できる用量、あるいはBBPの効果がBBPのような第二の剤と相乗的である場合には、減量した用量を決定することができるであろう。
一つの態様において、本発明は、脊椎動物組織における骨形成の速度又は程度を増強する方法を含むことができ、患者に対し、骨形成が所望される位置の近位に軟骨形成又は骨形成前駆細胞を投与すること;さらにBBPを投与すること;そしてBMP−2のようなTGF−βファミリーメンバーの一つ又は脱ミネラル化骨マトリックスを投与することを含む。
本発明の一つの態様は、固体支持体上に固定化されたBBPを含む製品を含むことができる。該固体支持体はさらに、BMP−2のようなTGF−βファミリーメンバー又は脱ミネラル化骨マトリックスを含むことができる。
図13Bに示されるように、本発明は、インビトロ(コラーゲン又は軟骨細胞培養物のような)、又は骨形成及び/又は石灰化が所望される骨除去、骨折又は他の骨損傷の部位(204)で、骨(202)、インプラント(200)に近接して又は接触した、少なくともBBP含有組成物又はBBP発現細胞(206)のインビボ適用も含むことができる。BBP組成物は、BMP−2、脱ミネラル化骨マトリックス又はコラーゲン培養物のような他の剤と組み合わせて適用することができる。
一つの態様において、本発明は、BBPをコードするDNA又はRNA核酸配列、又は上記修飾されたアミノ酸配列に対応する修飾配列を含む核酸構築物を含むことができる。
本発明は、BBP又は前駆体SSP−24をコードする核酸配列に機能可能であるように連結された発現ベクターも含むことができる。さらに、BBP又はその前駆体SSP−24をコードする核酸構築物を宿主細胞内に導入することにより形質転換体を得ることができる。
方法:NCPは、脱脂、脱ミネラル化ヒト皮質骨粉から、4M GuHCl、0.5M CaCl2、2mM N−エチルマレイミド、0.1mMベンズアミジンHCl及び2mM NaN3にて、6℃で18時間抽出した。残留コラーゲン及びクエン酸可溶性NCPは250mMクエン酸、pH3.1に対して6℃で24時間の透析により抽出した。残渣を遠心分離(10,000xg、6℃で30分)によりペレット化し、1:1(v/v)クロロホルム:メタノールにて23℃で24時間脱脂し、ろ過により集め、22℃で乾燥した。該材料を4M GuHClに再懸濁し、4M GuHCl、0.2%(v/v)トリトンX100、100mMトリス−HCI、pH7.2、に対して6℃で24時間透析し、次ぎに水に対して透析し、10,000xgにて6℃で30分遠心分離した。ペレットを凍結乾燥し、続いてヒドロキシアパタイトクロマトグラフィーにより分離した。
180mMリン酸でヒドロキシアパタイトから溶出したbBMP/NCPの分画をSDS−PAGE電気泳動により分離し、18.5kDのMrを有する物質をMALDI/TOF MS分析にかけた。この物質の主タンパク質成分はSPP−24の断片であることが、該タンパク質の領域と同一の配列を有する六つのペプチドに基づいて決定された(Hu, et al.,Isolation and molecular cloning of a novel bone phosphoprotein related in sequence to the cyatatin family of thiol protease inhibitors. J. Biol. Chem. 270:431-436, 1995.)。これらのペプチドの配列は、表1に示されている。
実施例2:BBPのインビボ活性
方法:材料の骨形成活性は、8〜10週齢の雄 Swiss-Weberマウス(Taconic Farms, Germantown, NY)を使用して試験した。アッセイに先立ち、BBPをアテロコラーゲン2mgに可溶化し、凍結乾燥した。乾燥材料を#5ゼラチンカプセル中に入れ、クロロホルム蒸気に暴露することにより滅菌した。アッセイを実施するため、マウスは小動物麻酔器(VetEquip, Pleasanton, CA)を介し、2l/分の酸素で送達された1%イソフルランを使用して麻酔した。動物を手術板に固定し、後四半部の毛皮を剪毛した。皮膚を70%エタノールで洗浄し、後四半部に隣接する脊椎にわたって正中切開した。はさみによる鈍的切開を使用して一側面の四頭筋を暴露させた。はさみの先端を使用して筋肉に小さな嚢を作製し、試験材料を含有する#5カプセルを嚢内に挿入した。次ぎに3つの11mmマイケル止血鉗子で皮膚を閉じ、モニタリングのため動物をそのケージに戻した。
図4は、BBP500μgを含むアテロコラーゲン(上)又はアテロコラーゲン単独(下)埋め込み21日後の、マウス後四半部のX線写真である。担体と単独で埋め込まれた場合、BBPは石灰化を誘発した。
図7は、5μgのrhBMP−2(左)又は5μgのrhBMP−2+500mgのBBP(右)の埋め込み、9(上)及び12(下)日後のマウス後四半部のX線写真である。rhBMP−2及びBBP両方を含有する9日目のサンプルからのサンプル中の石灰化の出現、しかしBMP−2単独を含有するサンプルからは出現がないことに注目されたい。
方法:rhBMP−2及びBBP間の結合相互作用を、Biacom X 装置(Biacore, Piscataway, NJ)を用いる表面プラズモン共鳴を使用して特徴付けた。該方法のための緩衝液及びチップはBiacore から入手した。rhBMP−2を1mg/mlの濃度で10mM酢酸ナトリウム、pH5.5内へ透析した。この材料は次に、製造元により供給された試薬及び方法を用いてCM−5センサーチップへ結合させた。ランニング緩衝液は、10mM HEPES、pH7.4、150mM NaCl、3mM EDTA、0.005%界面活性剤P20であった。ペプチドを1x10−5M〜1x10−4Mの濃度範囲でランニング緩衝液に溶解した。5〜50μl/分の流速及び20〜100μlの注入量を用いた。再生溶液は、10μMグリシン−HCl、pH2.0であった。
図9は、rhBMP−2(チップに固定されている)と1x10−5M〜1x10−4Mの濃度範囲の環化BBPの相互作用についての表面プラズモン共鳴センサグラムである。該相互作用についての推定解離定数(KD)は3x10−5Mであった。BBPがβ−メルカプトエタノールによる前もっての還元により脱環化された場合、有意な結合は生じなかった。
方法:標識化したrhBMP−2をBBP又はベヒクルと混合し、コラーゲンスポンジに加えた。該スポンジを齧歯動物の筋肉嚢内へ埋め込んだ。所定の時間に(1、3及び7日)インプラントを取り出し、残存するBMPの量を決定した。各群について4匹の動物を使用した。
本明細書は本発明の特定の態様を記述しているが、当業者は発明概念から離れることなく本発明の変形を考案することができる。
方法:実施例5の方法は、5μgのrhBMP−2単独(対照)又は5μgのrhBMP−2+0.05mgのヒトBBP(hBBP)を使用する後四半部異所性骨形成アッセイ法において、8匹のマウスのhBBPの活性を試験するために利用した。4週間後、動物を殺し後四半部を切除した。X線及びDEXA分析を実施した。
埋め込まれた場合、BMPを伴ったhBBPは、BMP単独よりも多い量の石灰化誘発を生じた。
Claims (3)
- 配列番号13のアミノ酸配列からなるペプチド。
- 哺乳動物細胞においてBMP−2による骨形成の程度又は速度を増加させるか、又は、脊椎動物細胞において石灰化の程度又は速度を増加させるために使用される、請求項1記載のペプチド。
- 請求項1又は2記載のペプチドをコードする核酸。
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US20090047360A1 (en) | 2009-02-19 |
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EP2926826A1 (en) | 2015-10-07 |
US9855368B2 (en) | 2018-01-02 |
US8193312B2 (en) | 2012-06-05 |
WO2009067177A3 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
JP2011502534A (ja) | 2011-01-27 |
AU2008326795A1 (en) | 2009-05-28 |
EP2926826B1 (en) | 2019-02-20 |
EP2227242A4 (en) | 2011-08-10 |
US20130095139A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 |
CA2706882A1 (en) | 2009-05-28 |
EP2227242A2 (en) | 2010-09-15 |
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