JP5500764B2 - Fracture membrane module detector for filtration equipment - Google Patents
Fracture membrane module detector for filtration equipment Download PDFInfo
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- JP5500764B2 JP5500764B2 JP2007081670A JP2007081670A JP5500764B2 JP 5500764 B2 JP5500764 B2 JP 5500764B2 JP 2007081670 A JP2007081670 A JP 2007081670A JP 2007081670 A JP2007081670 A JP 2007081670A JP 5500764 B2 JP5500764 B2 JP 5500764B2
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 162
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 99
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
上下水道などのろ過処理に用いられるろ過装置の破断した膜モジュールを検出する装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a device for detecting a broken membrane module of a filtration device used for filtration processing such as water and sewage.
ろ過流量の低下を用いて膜の破断を検知するろ過装置として、精密ろ過膜もしくは限外ろ過膜を使用した上水道用ろ過装置において、透過膜を前後２段に構成し、この際、後段の透過膜は、前段の透過膜と同等もしくは大きな膜孔径を有する透過膜とし、前段の透過膜の損傷時に、後段の透過膜の一次側の圧力の急上昇もしくは後段透過膜のろ過水量の急低下により、前段の透過膜の損傷を検知するとともに、損傷した前段の透過膜から漏出した不純物を後段の透過膜で阻止することを特徴とする上水道用ろ過装置が知られている（特許文献１）。
また、音を検出して膜の破断を検知するろ過装置として、膜ろ過処理を行う膜モジュールの一次側及び二次側のいずれか一方に加圧空気を供給する加圧空気供給手段と、膜モジュールの一次側及び二次側のいずれか他方に設けられた音響センサと、該音響センサで集音した音に基づいて膜破断の有無を判定する判定手段とを備えていることを特徴とするものが知られている（特許文献２）。
他にも、音を用いて膜の破断を検知するろ過装置として、分離膜によって原液室と透過液室とに区画された膜モジュールを用いて、透過水あるいは濃縮水を得る膜分離装置において、原液室の原液を排出する手段と、透過液室の透過液を吸引し減圧する手段と、膜モジュール内に発生する音波を検知する手段とを設けたことを特徴とする膜分離装置が知られている（特許文献３）。
さらに他にも、音を用いて膜の破断を検知する方法として、中空繊維ろ過モジュールの完全性をチェックし、かつ、完全にまたは部分的に破損した繊維からの漏れを検知するための方法であって、この方法は、
(1)ろ過モジュールのメンブレンの一方の側に配置されるエミッターによりノイズまたは音響信号を発すること；
(2)メンブレンの他の側で、破損した繊維が液体の流れに晒されていてもいなくても、この破損した繊維から生じるノイズまたは音響信号を検知すること；
(3)この様にして得られたノイズ信号を増幅すること； 及び
(4)結果として増幅された信号を閾値ノイズレベルと、同じ周波数レンジ内で比較すること、
に特徴を有する方法が知られている（特許文献４）。即ち、この方法は、音の発信源から発せられた音を、膜で隔てられた場所で集音し、この音の減衰特性を検知、比較している。
Further, as a filtration device that detects sound and detects membrane breakage, a pressurized air supply means that supplies pressurized air to either the primary side or the secondary side of a membrane module that performs membrane filtration processing, and a membrane An acoustic sensor provided on either the primary side or the secondary side of the module, and a determination unit that determines the presence or absence of film rupture based on the sound collected by the acoustic sensor One is known (Patent Document 2).
In addition, as a filtration device that detects membrane breakage using sound, in a membrane separation device that obtains permeate or concentrated water using a membrane module partitioned into a stock solution chamber and a permeate chamber by a separation membrane, A membrane separation apparatus characterized by comprising means for discharging the stock solution in the stock solution chamber, means for sucking and depressurizing the permeate in the permeate chamber, and means for detecting sound waves generated in the membrane module is known. (Patent Document 3).
Yet another method for detecting membrane breakage using sound is to check the integrity of the hollow fiber filtration module and to detect leaks from completely or partially broken fibers. And this method is
(1) emitting noise or acoustic signals by an emitter located on one side of the membrane of the filtration module;
(2) on the other side of the membrane, detecting noise or acoustic signals arising from the broken fiber, whether or not the broken fiber is exposed to a liquid flow;
(3) amplifying the noise signal thus obtained; and
(4) comparing the resulting amplified signal with a threshold noise level within the same frequency range;
There is known a method having the characteristics (Patent Document 4). That is, this method collects sound emitted from a sound source at a place separated by a film, and detects and compares the sound attenuation characteristics.
しかしながら、特許文献１の発明は、膜を二重に用いるため高価である問題点があった。
また、特許文献２および３の発明は、加圧空気を供給または減圧するので、破断検知中はろ過を継続できないという問題点があった。
また、特許文献４の発明は、膜モジュール内に気泡がある場合、音が気泡により減衰するため、誤検知するという問題点がある。
However, the invention of Patent Document 1 has a problem that it is expensive because the film is used twice.
In addition, the inventions of Patent Documents 2 and 3 have a problem in that filtration cannot be continued during break detection because pressurized air is supplied or decompressed.
In addition, the invention of Patent Document 4 has a problem of erroneous detection because sound is attenuated by bubbles when there are bubbles in the membrane module.
そこで、本発明は、膜破断による水流変化を検知することで、容易に破断した膜モジュールを特定できる破断膜モジュール検出装置を提供する事を目的とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a ruptured membrane module detection device that can easily identify a ruptured membrane module by detecting a change in water flow due to membrane rupture.
本発明は、膜エレメントを収納した膜モジュールと、前記膜モジュールに原水を供給する原水供給配管と、前記膜モジュールから流出したろ過水が通流するろ過水配管とを備えたろ過装置の破断膜モジュール検出装置において、前記膜エレメントは同数同形状のものが２群あり、前記各膜エレメント群からの配管圧損が同じになる平衡部位の一箇所に設けられ、前記各膜エレメント群に通流する原水の流量、又は各膜エレメント群から流出するろ過水の流量の流量バランスを、少なくとも羽根の動き、又は羽根車の回転に基づいて検出する流量バランス検出部と、前記流量バランス検出部から出力される流量バランスの変化を示す信号値（以下、流量バランス信号という。）が上限閾値より大きい場合に上限警報を発信し、さらに、前記流量バランス信号が下限閾値より小さい場合に下限警報を発信する制御部とを備え、さらに、２つの前記膜エレメント群を別々の膜モジュールに収納し、前記膜モジュールを前記原水供給配管に並列に配置し、前記流量バランス検出部を、原水供給配管の前記各膜モジュールへ分岐する分岐部位に設けたことを特徴とする（請求項１）。 The present invention relates to a rupture membrane of a filtration device comprising a membrane module containing a membrane element, a raw water supply pipe for supplying raw water to the membrane module, and a filtered water pipe through which filtered water flowing out of the membrane module flows. In the module detection apparatus, there are two groups of the same number and the same shape of the membrane elements, and the membrane elements are provided at one place of an equilibrium portion where the pipe pressure loss from each membrane element group is the same, and flow to each membrane element group A flow rate balance detection unit that detects the flow rate of raw water or the flow rate of filtered water flowing out from each membrane element group based on at least the movement of the blades or the rotation of the impeller, and is output from the flow rate balance detection unit. that the signal value indicating the change of the flow balance (hereinafter, referred to as flow balance signal.), by delivering high alarm is larger than the upper limit threshold value, further, the flow And a control unit lance signal originates a lower limit alarm is smaller than the lower threshold, further two of said membrane element group is housed in a separate membrane modules, arranged in parallel to the membrane module to the raw water supply pipe The flow rate balance detection unit is provided at a branch portion of the raw water supply pipe that branches to each of the membrane modules (Claim 1).
また、本発明は、膜エレメントを収納した膜モジュールと、前記膜モジュールに原水を供給する原水供給配管と、前記膜モジュールから流出したろ過水が通流するろ過水配管とを備えたろ過装置の破断膜モジュール検出装置において、前記膜エレメントは同数同形状のものが２群あり、前記各膜エレメント群からの配管圧損が同じになる平衡部位の一箇所に設けられ、前記各膜エレメント群に通流する原水の流量、又は各膜エレメント群から流出するろ過水の流量の流量バランスを、少なくとも羽根の動き、又は羽根車の回転に基づいて検出する流量バランス検出部と、流量バランス信号が上限閾値より大きい場合に上限警報を発信し、さらに、前記流量バランス信号が下限閾値より小さい場合に下限警報を発信する制御部とを備え、さらに、２つの前記膜エレメント群を別々の膜モジュールに収納し、前記膜モジュールからろ過水を取り出した後１つに集水するろ過水配管を備え、前記流量バランス検出部を、ろ過水配管の集水する集水部位に設けたことを特徴とする（請求項２）。 The present invention also relates to a filtration apparatus comprising a membrane module containing a membrane element, a raw water supply pipe for supplying raw water to the membrane module, and a filtrate water pipe through which filtered water flowing out of the membrane module flows. In the ruptured membrane module detection device, there are two groups of the same number and the same shape of the membrane elements, and the membrane elements are provided at one place of an equilibrium portion where the pipe pressure loss from each membrane element group is the same. A flow rate balance detection unit that detects the flow rate balance of the raw water flowing or the flow rate of filtered water flowing out from each membrane element group based on at least the movement of the blades or the rotation of the impeller, and the flow rate balance signal is the upper limit threshold value A control unit that issues an upper limit alarm when larger, and further emits a lower limit alarm when the flow rate balance signal is smaller than a lower limit threshold, and The two membrane element groups are housed in separate membrane modules, and are equipped with filtered water piping that collects the filtered water from the membrane module and collects it into one, and the flow rate balance detection unit is connected to the filtered water piping. characterized by providing a water collecting site (claim 2).
さらに、本発明は、膜エレメントを収納した膜モジュールと、前記膜モジュールに原水を供給する原水供給配管と、前記膜モジュールから流出したろ過水が通流するろ過水配管とを備えたろ過装置の破断膜モジュール検出装置において、前記膜エレメントは同数同形状のものが２群あり、前記各膜エレメント群からの配管圧損が同じになる平衡部位の一箇所に設けられ、前記各膜エレメント群に通流する原水の流量、又は各膜エレメント群から流出するろ過水の流量の流量バランスを、少なくとも羽根の動き、又は羽根車の回転に基づいて検出する流量バランス検出部と、流量バランス信号が上限閾値より大きい場合に上限警報を発信し、さらに、前記流量バランス信号が下限閾値より小さい場合に下限警報を発信する制御部とを備え、さらに、前記各膜エレメント群のろ過水側は中間連通配管を介して直列に接続され、前記ろ過水配管は、前記各膜エレメント群の両端のろ過水側からろ過水を取り出した後、配管圧損が同じになる部位で１つに集水し、前記流量バランス検出部を、中間連通配管に設けたことを特徴とする（請求項３）。 Furthermore , the present invention relates to a filtration device comprising a membrane module containing a membrane element, a raw water supply pipe for supplying raw water to the membrane module, and a filtered water pipe through which filtered water flowing out from the membrane module flows. In the ruptured membrane module detection device, there are two groups of the same number and the same shape of the membrane elements, and the membrane elements are provided at one place of an equilibrium portion where the pipe pressure loss from each membrane element group is the same. A flow rate balance detection unit that detects the flow rate balance of the raw water flowing or the flow rate of filtered water flowing out from each membrane element group based on at least the movement of the blades or the rotation of the impeller, and the flow rate balance signal is the upper limit threshold value A control unit that issues an upper limit alarm when it is larger, and further issues a lower limit alarm when the flow rate balance signal is smaller than the lower limit threshold. The filtered water side of each membrane element group is connected in series via an intermediate communication pipe, and the filtered water pipe has a pipe pressure loss after taking filtrate from the filtered water side at both ends of each membrane element group. Water is collected into one at the same site, and the flow rate balance detection unit is provided in the intermediate communication pipe (claim 3 ).
また、本発明は、請求項３に記載のろ過装置の破断膜モジュール検出装置において、２つの前記膜エレメント群を別々の膜モジュールに収納したことを特徴とする（請求項４）
また、本発明は、請求項１ないし４のいずれか一項に記載のろ過装置の破断膜モジュール検出装置において、前記ろ過水配管に閉止弁を備え、前記制御部は、前記上限警報または下限警報を発信した場合、前記閉止弁を閉めることを特徴とする（請求項５）。
Moreover, the present invention is characterized in that, in the broken membrane module detection device for a filtration device according to claim 3 , the two membrane element groups are housed in separate membrane modules (claim 4 ).
Further, the present invention provides a rupture membrane module detector filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a shut-off valve to the filtered water piping, wherein, the limit alarm or lower limit alarm Is transmitted, the closing valve is closed (Claim 5 ).
本発明によれば、膜を二重に設けることなく、簡単な構成により、ろ過運転を行いながら膜破断の監視を行なうことができる。そして、請求項５の発明によれば、上限警報、または、下限警報が発信された時に、ろ過水配管に備えた閉止弁を閉じるので、ろ過水に原水が混入することを防止できる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to monitor membrane breakage while performing a filtration operation with a simple configuration without providing double membranes. According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, when the upper limit alarm or the lower limit alarm is transmitted, the shutoff valve provided in the filtrate water pipe is closed, so that raw water can be prevented from being mixed into the filtrate water.
本発明にかかるろ過装置の破断膜モジュール検出装置は、膜モジュールに収納した膜エレメントと、膜エレメントに原水を供給する原水供給配管と、膜エレメントから流出したろ過水が通流するろ過水配管とを備えており、さらに、膜エレメントは同数同形状のものが２群あり、各膜エレメント群からの配管圧損が同じになる平衡部位の一箇所に設けられ、前記各膜エレメント群に通流する原水の流量、又は各膜エレメント群から流出するろ過水の流量の流量バランスを、少なくとも羽根の動き、又は羽根車の回転に基づいて検出する流量バランス検出部と、前記流量バランスが上限閾値より大きい場合に上限警報を発信し、さらに、前記流量バランスが下限閾値より小さい場合に下限警報を発信する制御部とを備えることとする。 The breakable membrane module detection device of the filtration device according to the present invention includes a membrane element housed in a membrane module, a raw water supply pipe for supplying raw water to the membrane element, a filtrate water pipe through which filtered water flowing out from the membrane element flows In addition, there are two groups of membrane elements having the same number and shape, provided at one place of an equilibrium region where the pipe pressure loss from each membrane element group is the same, and flows through each membrane element group A flow rate balance detection unit that detects a flow rate balance of raw water flow rate or flow rate of filtrate water flowing out from each membrane element group based on at least the movement of the blades or the rotation of the impeller, and the flow rate balance is greater than the upper limit threshold value. And a control unit that issues a lower limit alarm when the flow rate balance is smaller than the lower limit threshold.
図１は、実施例１、２にかかる破断膜モジュール検出装置の配置図である。 FIG. 1 is a layout diagram of the breakable membrane module detection apparatus according to the first and second embodiments.
流量バランス検出部が３ａにある場合、２つの膜エレメント群１を別々の膜モジュール２に収納し、膜モジュールを原水供給配管４に並列に配置し、流量バランス検出部３ａが、原水供給配管の前記各膜モジュールへ分岐する分岐部位にある。図２に流量バランス検出部３ａの構造を示す。流量バランス検出部３ａは、羽根２０と固定子２１を備え、羽根２０は、固定子２１を軸として回転運動可能に設置されている。従って、羽根２０は、水流の多い方向に向く特性がある。さらに、ろ過水配管５の集水部位より下流に閉止弁７を備え、流量バランス検出部３ａの信号を受けた制御部が、上限警報または下限警報を発信した場合、閉止弁７を閉めることとするのがより望ましい。 When the flow rate balance detection unit is in 3a, the two membrane element groups 1 are housed in separate membrane modules 2, the membrane modules are arranged in parallel with the raw water supply pipe 4, and the flow rate balance detection unit 3a is connected to the raw water supply pipe. It exists in the branch part branched to the said each membrane module. FIG. 2 shows the structure of the flow rate balance detection unit 3a. The flow rate balance detection unit 3 a includes a blade 20 and a stator 21, and the blade 20 is installed so as to be capable of rotating about the stator 21. Therefore, the blade 20 has a characteristic that it is directed in a direction where the water flow is large. Furthermore, when the control part which provided the closing valve 7 downstream from the water collection site | part of the filtrate water piping 5, and received the signal of the flow volume detection part 3a transmitted the upper limit alarm or the lower limit alarm, closing the closing valve 7; It is more desirable to do.
また、図３に示すように、２つの膜エレメント群１を別々の膜モジュール２に収納し、膜モジュール２からろ過水を取り出した後１つに集水するろ過水配管５を備え、流量バランス検出部３ｂを、ろ過水配管５の集水する集水部位に設置しても良い。この場合の流量バランス検出部３ｂの構造を図４に示した。図２と同様に流量バランス検出部３ｂは、羽根２０と固定子２１を備え、羽根２０は、固定子２１を軸として回転運動可能に設置されている。羽根２０は、水流の多い配管側（破断側）の流路幅が大きくなるように動く特性がある。 Further, as shown in FIG. 3, two membrane element groups 1 are housed in separate membrane modules 2, and filtered water pipes 5 for collecting filtered water from the membrane module 2 and collecting them into one are provided. You may install the detection part 3b in the water collection site | part which collects the water of the filtrate water piping 5. FIG. The structure of the flow rate balance detection unit 3b in this case is shown in FIG. As in FIG. 2, the flow rate balance detection unit 3 b includes a blade 20 and a stator 21, and the blade 20 is installed so as to be able to rotate about the stator 21. The blade 20 has a characteristic of moving so that the flow path width on the pipe side (fracture side) with a large water flow becomes large.
図５は、本発明の別の態様にかかる破断膜モジュール検出装置の配置図である。
各膜エレメント群１のろ過水側は中間連通配管８を介して直列に接続され、ろ過水配管５は、各膜エレメント群の両端のろ過水側からろ過水を取り出した後、配管圧損が同じになる部位で１つに集水し、流量バランス検出部３ｃは、中間連通配管８に配置することとしてもよい。
FIG. 5 is a layout diagram of a broken membrane module detection device according to another aspect of the present invention.
The filtered water side of each membrane element group 1 is connected in series via the intermediate communication pipe 8, and the filtered water pipe 5 has the same pipe pressure loss after the filtered water is taken out from the filtered water side at both ends of each membrane element group. It is good also as arrange | positioning in one in the site | part which becomes and the flow volume balance detection part 3c arrange | positioning in the intermediate | middle communication piping 8. FIG.
いずれの膜エレメントも破断していない時は、ろ過水側の圧損は膜エレメント両端方向に対称になるので、中間連通配管８に備えた流量バランス検出部３ｃのろ過水は、ほとんど移動しない。一方、どちらかの膜エレメントが破断した時は、破断した膜エレメント側のろ過水流量が増えるので、破断した部位から中間連通配管８の方向にろ過水が流れる。
このことから、流量バランスが変化した膜モジュールは、破断が発生したことを検知できる。図１のように、ろ過水配管５の集水部位より下流に閉止弁７を備え、流量バランス検出部３ｃの信号を受けた制御部が、上限警報または下限警報を発信した場合、閉止弁７を閉めることとするとより望ましい。
図６，７，８，９，１０に流量バランス検出部３ｃの具体例を示した。図６の流量バランス検出部３ｃは、軸受け部１０と、羽根車１１と、テーパー部９を備えている。水流が発生すると羽根車が回転し、水流方向と水流強度が判明する。テーパー部９を備えることとすると流路が狭まり、より少ない水流でも羽根車１１が感知できるようになる。図６は、水車型の羽根車の例である。羽根車の回転数を検知する方法は、軸受け部１０に備えた磁石とコイルで生じる電磁変化を検出する方法や、図７，８に示すように羽根車の音を測定する方法も行える。図８の回転軸は、前記羽根車に連動しており、その周囲に突起部１３を備えている。そして、板状の弾性体は、この突起部１３に引っかかるように設置されている。羽根車が回転すると、弾性体１４が曲げられ、さらに羽根車が回転すると、弾性体１４は突起部１３から外れ、隣の突起部１３に衝突し、衝突音を発生させる。この衝突音により、羽根車が回転していることを検知することができる。そして、図９に示すように、音響センサ１５ａ，１５ｂにより音を測定する。弾性体１４から発生する音は、特定の周波数を持っているため、音響センサから得られた音の信号を、フィルター回路で処理することにより、雑音から弾性体１４から発生した音の信号を容易に抽出することができる。水流方向の検出は、音響センサ１５ａ，１５ｂの信号を比較し、ドップラー効果による音の周波数変化により検出する。
図１０には、光を用いて羽根車の回転を検出する方法を示す。羽根車の回転軸の延長線上にレーザー発振器などの光源１７を取り付け、羽根車に向けて光を照射する。羽根車の軸には、光源１７から発射された光の方向に対して僅かに傾けた状態で鏡１６を取り付けておく。この鏡１６によって反射された光は、羽根車の回転に伴って発振器の周りを回転する。羽根車の回転方向および回転速度は、受光器１８，１８ａ，１８ｂ，１８ｃにより検出する。羽根車の回転方向および回転速度が判れば、水の流れる方向およびろ過水の流速を知ることができる。
When none of the membrane elements is broken, the pressure loss on the filtrate side is symmetrical in the direction of both ends of the membrane element, so the filtrate of the flow rate balance detection unit 3c provided in the intermediate communication pipe 8 hardly moves. On the other hand, when one of the membrane elements breaks, the filtrate flow rate on the side of the broken membrane element increases, so the filtrate flows from the broken portion toward the intermediate communication pipe 8.
From this, it can be detected that the membrane module whose flow rate balance has changed is broken. As shown in FIG. 1, when the control unit that includes the closing valve 7 downstream from the water collection site of the filtrate pipe 5 and receives the signal from the flow rate balance detection unit 3 c issues an upper limit alarm or a lower limit alarm, the closing valve 7 It is more desirable to close.
Specific examples of the flow rate balance detection unit 3c are shown in FIGS. The flow rate balance detection unit 3 c in FIG. 6 includes a bearing unit 10, an impeller 11, and a taper unit 9. When a water flow occurs, the impeller rotates, and the water flow direction and water flow strength are determined. If the tapered portion 9 is provided, the flow path is narrowed, and the impeller 11 can be sensed even with less water flow. FIG. 6 is an example of a water wheel type impeller. As a method of detecting the rotational speed of the impeller, a method of detecting an electromagnetic change caused by a magnet and a coil provided in the bearing unit 10 and a method of measuring the sound of the impeller as shown in FIGS. The rotating shaft of FIG. 8 is interlocked with the impeller and has a protrusion 13 around it. The plate-like elastic body is installed so as to be caught by the protruding portion 13. When the impeller rotates, the elastic body 14 is bent, and when the impeller further rotates, the elastic body 14 is detached from the protrusion 13 and collides with the adjacent protrusion 13 to generate a collision sound. It is possible to detect that the impeller is rotating based on the collision sound. Then, as shown in FIG. 9, sound is measured by the acoustic sensors 15a and 15b. Since the sound generated from the elastic body 14 has a specific frequency, the sound signal generated from the acoustic body is easily processed from noise by processing the sound signal obtained from the acoustic sensor with a filter circuit. Can be extracted. The detection of the water flow direction is performed by comparing the signals of the acoustic sensors 15a and 15b and detecting the change in sound frequency due to the Doppler effect.
FIG. 10 shows a method for detecting the rotation of the impeller using light. A light source 17 such as a laser oscillator is attached on the extension line of the rotating shaft of the impeller, and light is emitted toward the impeller. A mirror 16 is attached to the shaft of the impeller while being slightly inclined with respect to the direction of the light emitted from the light source 17. The light reflected by the mirror 16 rotates around the oscillator as the impeller rotates. The rotational direction and rotational speed of the impeller are detected by the light receivers 18, 18a, 18b, 18c. If the rotation direction and rotation speed of the impeller are known, the direction of water flow and the flow rate of filtrate water can be known.
図１１では、図５の構成をした多数の膜モジュールを接続したろ過装置の構成図である。膜モジュールＡ，Ｂ，Ｃ，Ｄの中に膜エレメント１が収納され、中間連通配管８でろ過水側が連通されている。そして、中央の中間連通配管部分に流量バランス検出部３ｃを備えている。そして、膜モジュールの両端のろ過水配管に閉止弁７を備え、ろ過中は、閉止弁７は開いている。制御部６は、前記上限警報または下限警報を発信する場合、膜破断した膜モジュールの閉止弁のみを閉める。 In FIG. 11, it is a block diagram of the filtration apparatus which connected many membrane modules which comprised the structure of FIG. The membrane element 1 is accommodated in the membrane modules A, B, C, and D, and the filtrate side is communicated with the intermediate communication pipe 8. And the flow balance detection part 3c is provided in the center intermediate | middle communication piping part. And the stop valve 7 is provided in the filtrate piping of the both ends of a membrane module, and the close valve 7 is open during filtration. When the upper limit alarm or the lower limit alarm is transmitted, the control unit 6 closes only the shut-off valve of the membrane module whose membrane has been broken.
図１１の構成とすれば、破断した膜モジュールが判明するのみならず、流量バランス検出部３ｃのどちら側の膜エレメントが破断したか判明するため、破断した膜エレメントの特定が速やかにできるという効果がある。 With the configuration of FIG. 11, not only the broken membrane module is identified, but also the membrane element on the side of the flow rate balance detection unit 3c is identified, so that the broken membrane element can be quickly identified. There is.
１ 膜エレメント群
２ 膜モジュール
３，３a，３b，３c 流量バランス検出部
４ 原水供給配管
５ ろ過水配管
６ 制御部
７ 閉止弁
８ 中間連通配管
９ テーパー部
１０ 軸受け部
１１，１２ 羽根車
１３ 突起部
１４ 弾性体
１５ａ，１５ｂ 音響センサ
１６ 鏡
１７ 光源
１８，１８ａ，１８ｂ，１８ｃ 受光器
２０ 羽根
２１ 固定子
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Membrane element group 2 Membrane module 3, 3a, 3b, 3c Flow rate balance detection part 4 Raw water supply pipe 5 Filtration water pipe 6 Control part 7 Stop valve 8 Intermediate communication pipe 9 Taper part 10 Bearing part 11, 12 Impeller 13 Protrusion part 14 Elastic body 15a, 15b Acoustic sensor 16 Mirror 17 Light source 18, 18a, 18b, 18c Light receiver 20 Blade 21 Stator
Claims (5)
前記膜エレメントは同数同形状のものが２群あり、前記各膜エレメント群からの配管圧損が同じになる平衡部位の一箇所に設けられ、前記各膜エレメント群に通流する原水の流量、又は各膜エレメント群から流出するろ過水の流量の流量バランスを、少なくとも羽根の動き、又は羽根車の回転に基づいて検出する流量バランス検出部と、前記流量バランス検出部から出力される流量バランスの変化を示す信号値（以下、流量バランス信号という。）が上限閾値より大きい場合に上限警報を発信し、さらに、前記流量バランス信号が下限閾値より小さい場合に下限警報を発信する制御部とを備え、さらに、２つの前記膜エレメント群を別々の膜モジュールに収納し、前記膜モジュールを前記原水供給配管に並列に配置し、前記流量バランス検出部を、原水供給配管の前記各膜モジュールへ分岐する分岐部位に設けたことを特徴とするろ過装置の破断膜モジュール検出装置。 In a ruptured membrane module detection device for a filtration device, comprising: a membrane module containing a membrane element; a raw water supply pipe for supplying raw water to the membrane module; and a filtrate water pipe through which filtrate water flowing out of the membrane module flows. ,
There are two groups of the same number and the same shape of the membrane elements, and the flow rate of raw water flowing through each membrane element group is provided at one place of an equilibrium portion where the pipe pressure loss from each membrane element group is the same, or A flow rate balance detection unit that detects a flow rate balance of the filtrate water flowing out from each membrane element group based on at least the movement of the blades or the rotation of the impeller, and a change in the flow rate balance output from the flow rate balance detection unit A control unit that issues an upper limit alarm when a signal value indicating the flow rate balance signal (hereinafter referred to as a flow rate balance signal) is larger than an upper limit threshold, and further issues a lower limit alarm when the flow rate balance signal is smaller than a lower limit threshold , Further, the two membrane element groups are housed in separate membrane modules, the membrane modules are arranged in parallel with the raw water supply pipe, and the flow rate balance detection The breaking membrane module detecting device of the filtration device, characterized in that provided in the branch portion where the branch to the membrane module of the raw water supply pipe.
前記膜エレメントは同数同形状のものが２群あり、前記各膜エレメント群からの配管圧損が同じになる平衡部位の一箇所に設けられ、前記各膜エレメント群に通流する原水の流量、又は各膜エレメント群から流出するろ過水の流量の流量バランスを、少なくとも羽根の動き、又は羽根車の回転に基づいて検出する流量バランス検出部と、流量バランス信号が上限閾値より大きい場合に上限警報を発信し、さらに、前記流量バランス信号が下限閾値より小さい場合に下限警報を発信する制御部とを備え、さらに、２つの前記膜エレメント群を別々の膜モジュールに収納し、前記膜モジュールからろ過水を取り出した後１つに集水するろ過水配管を備え、前記流量バランス検出部を、ろ過水配管の集水する集水部位に設けたことを特徴とするろ過装置の破断膜モジュール検出装置。 In a ruptured membrane module detection device for a filtration device, comprising: a membrane module containing a membrane element; a raw water supply pipe for supplying raw water to the membrane module; and a filtrate water pipe through which filtrate water flowing out of the membrane module flows. ,
There are two groups of the same number and the same shape of the membrane elements, and the flow rate of raw water flowing through each membrane element group is provided at one place of an equilibrium portion where the pipe pressure loss from each membrane element group is the same, or A flow rate balance detection unit that detects the flow rate balance of the filtrate water flowing out from each membrane element group based on at least the movement of the blades or the rotation of the impeller, and an upper limit alarm when the flow rate balance signal is greater than the upper limit threshold value A control unit that transmits a lower limit alarm when the flow rate balance signal is smaller than a lower limit threshold, and further stores the two membrane element groups in separate membrane modules, and supplies filtered water from the membrane module. comprising a filtered water piping collecting one after taking out, the flow balance detector, over features and to Carlo that provided in the water collecting portion for collecting water filtered water piping Rupture membrane module detecting device location.
前記膜エレメントは同数同形状のものが２群あり、前記各膜エレメント群からの配管圧損が同じになる平衡部位の一箇所に設けられ、前記各膜エレメント群に通流する原水の流量、又は各膜エレメント群から流出するろ過水の流量の流量バランスを、少なくとも羽根の動き、又は羽根車の回転に基づいて検出する流量バランス検出部と、流量バランス信号が上限閾値より大きい場合に上限警報を発信し、さらに、前記流量バランス信号が下限閾値より小さい場合に下限警報を発信する制御部とを備え、さらに、前記各膜エレメント群のろ過水側は中間連通配管を介して直列に接続され、前記ろ過水配管は、前記各膜エレメント群の両端のろ過水側からろ過水を取り出した後、配管圧損が同じになる部位で１つに集水し、前記流量バランス検出部を、中間連通配管に設けたことを特徴とするろ過装置の破断膜モジュール検出装置。 In a ruptured membrane module detection device for a filtration device, comprising: a membrane module containing a membrane element; a raw water supply pipe for supplying raw water to the membrane module; and a filtrate water pipe through which filtrate water flowing out of the membrane module flows. ,
There are two groups of the same number and the same shape of the membrane elements, and the flow rate of raw water flowing through each membrane element group is provided at one place of an equilibrium portion where the pipe pressure loss from each membrane element group is the same, or A flow rate balance detection unit that detects the flow rate balance of the filtrate water flowing out from each membrane element group based on at least the movement of the blades or the rotation of the impeller, and an upper limit alarm when the flow rate balance signal is greater than the upper limit threshold value And further comprising a control unit that issues a lower limit alarm when the flow rate balance signal is smaller than a lower limit threshold, and the filtered water side of each membrane element group is connected in series via an intermediate communication pipe, The filtrate water pipe collects the filtrate water from the filtrate water side at both ends of each membrane element group, collects the water at one part where the pipe pressure loss is the same, and detects the flow rate balance. The breaking membrane module detecting device characteristics and to Carlo over device that is provided in the intermediate communication pipe.
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