JP5495596B2 - 重合体の製造方法、重合体、熱可塑性組成物及び成形体 - Google Patents
重合体の製造方法、重合体、熱可塑性組成物及び成形体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5495596B2 JP5495596B2 JP2009075529A JP2009075529A JP5495596B2 JP 5495596 B2 JP5495596 B2 JP 5495596B2 JP 2009075529 A JP2009075529 A JP 2009075529A JP 2009075529 A JP2009075529 A JP 2009075529A JP 5495596 B2 JP5495596 B2 JP 5495596B2
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- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001955 polyphenylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FZYCEURIEDTWNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-1-en-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1.CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 FZYCEURIEDTWNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012712 reversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- GEKDEMKPCKTKEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCS GEKDEMKPCKTKEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl benzoate Chemical class C=COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Description
また、本発明は、前記方法により得られる重合体である。
これらの単量体の中でも、耐熱性の観点から、R1がメチル基であるメタクリル酸シアノフェニルが好ましく、単量体の合成の観点から、R2がパラ位に結合したシアノ基である(メタ)アクリル酸−4−シアノフェニルが好ましい。更に、これらの単量体の中でも、R1がメチル基で、R2がパラ位に結合したシアノ基であるメタクリル酸−4−シアノフェニルがより好ましい。これらの単量体(a)は、1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
(1)単量体(a)の同定
測定には、1H−NMR(機種名「JNM−EX270」、日本電子(株)製)を用いた。
(2)重合溶液の均一性
重合溶液の均一性を、以下のような指標で、目視により確認した。
△:重合体が析出し濁っている
×:重合体の沈殿物が確認できる
(3)重合体の組成比
測定には、1H−NMR(機種名「JNM−EX270」、日本電子(株)製)を用いた。
(4)数平均分子量及び分子量分布
得られた重合体の数平均分子量(Mn)及び分子量分布(Mw/Mn)を、ポリスチレンをスタンダードとして、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)を用いて、以下の条件で測定した。
カラム :TSK GUARD COLUMN SUPER H−H(東ソー(株)製、4.6×35mm)、TSK−GEL SUPER HZM−H(東ソー(株)製、6.0×150mm)、2直列接続
溶離液 :ジメチルホルムアミド
測定温度 :40℃
流速 :0.6ml/分
サンプル濃度 :0.1%
サンプル注入量:10μl
(5)ガラス転移温度
測定には、示差走査熱量計(機種名「DSC220C」、セイコーインスツル(株)製)を用いた。
(6)1%質量減少温度
測定には、熱重量・示差熱分析計(機種名「TG/DTA6300」、セイコーインスツル(株)製)を用いた。
(7)成形体の機械強度
重合体の溶融成形後、金型から成形体を剥離した後、成形体に割れが生じるか、以下の指標で確認した。
△:成形体に割れが生じる時がある
×:成形体に割れが生じる
(8)成形体の外観
成形体の外観を、目視により、以下のような指標で確認した。
△:僅かに着色・白濁が確認できる
×:着色・白濁があり、発泡が確認できる
[製造例1]メタクリル酸−4−シアノフェニル(a1)の合成
窒素雰囲気下、三口フラスコに、4−シアノフェノール21.2g(178mmol)を加え、ジクロロメタン100mLとトリエチルアミン21.9g(216mmol)に溶解させ、溶液を調製した。その後、調製した溶液に、メタクリロイルクロリド22.6g(216mmol)を滴下添加し、25℃で24時間反応させた。得られた反応溶液を水で3回洗浄し、ジクロロメタンを留去した後、メタノールで再結晶を行い、白色の粉末を得た。
1.26(s、6H),1.31(s、6H),1.65(m、2H),1.89(d、2H),1.93(s、3H),4.83(s、2H),5.11(m、1H),5.54(s、1H),6.08(s、1H),7.34(m、5H)
[実施例1]
三口フラスコに、製造例1で得られた単量体(a1)50部(35mol%)、メタクリル酸メチル(b1)50部(65mol%)、n−オクチルメルカプタン1.2部、メチルエチルケトン310部を加え、単量体混合物溶液を調製し、窒素バブリングを30分行った。次いで、2、2’−アゾビスイソブチロニトリル0.2部を加え、フラスコを75℃のオイルバスに浸漬させ、重合を開始させた。7時間後、内容物をメタノールに注ぎ、沈殿物を得た。得られた沈殿物をアセトンに溶解させ、メタノールに注ぎ沈殿物を得る操作を3回繰り返し、沈殿物を乾燥させ、白色の粉末を得た。
[実施例2〜4、比較例1〜4]
単量体混合物溶液を表1とした以外は、実施例1と同様に行った。
[比較例5]
三口フラスコに、製造例1で得られた単量体(a1)50部(35mol%)、メタクリル酸メチル(b1)50部(65mol%)、n−オクチルメルカプタン1.2部を加え、60℃に昇温し、単量体混合物を調製した後、窒素バブリングを30分行った。次いで、2、2’−アゾビスイソブチロニトリル0.2部を加え、フラスコを75℃のオイルバスに浸漬させ、重合を開始させた。7時間後、白色の固体を得た。
MMA :メタクリル酸メチル
n−OM :n−オクチルメルカプタン
MEK :メチルエチルケトン
DMF :N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド
実施例1〜4では、重合体のガラス転移温度及び1%質量減少温度、成形体の外観及び機械強度が、いずれも優れた。特に、有機溶媒にメチルエチルケトンを用いた実施例1及び2は、重合体の1%質量減少温度が顕著に高かった。比較例1では、メタクリル酸−4−シアノフェニル(a1)を用いなかったため、重合体のガラス転移温度が低かった。比較例2〜4では、連鎖移動剤を用いなかったため、重合体の1%質量減少温度が低く、成形体の外観が劣った。比較例5では、有機溶媒を用いなかったため、単量体成分の重合が完結せず、また、得られた重合体の精製が困難であり、重合体の1%質量減少温度が顕著に低く、成形体の外観は劣った。
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