JP5477125B2 - Checker bricks and hot stove - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hot stove checker brick installed in a heat storage chamber of a hot stove and a hot stove equipped with the same.

  The hot stove includes a combustion chamber and a heat storage chamber that are in communication with each other, and alternately performs a heat storage step of storing the combustion heat generated in the combustion chamber in the heat storage chamber and a blowing step of blowing hot air from the heat storage chamber. For example, it is a facility for supplying hot air of 1200 to 1400 ° C. to the blast furnace. A large number of checker bricks (also referred to as “gitter bricks”) made of refractory bricks are stacked in a heat storage chamber of the hot stove. The checker brick stores the heat of combustion supplied from the combustion chamber to the heat storage chamber, and also has a heat exchange function of heating air using the heat storage. It is formed penetrating in the direction.

  In the heat storage process, high-temperature combustion exhaust gas sent from the combustion chamber to the upper part of the heat storage chamber flows downward in the gas flow path of the checker brick, but at this time, heat exchange between the exhaust gas and the checker brick The combustion heat is stored in the checker brick. In the blowing process, air (cold air) sent from the lower part of the heat storage chamber flows upward in the gas flow path of the checker bricks stacked in the heat storage region 10. At this time, the air is heated by heat exchange between the heat-stored checker brick and the air, and hot air of 1200 to 1400 ° C. is generated and supplied to the blast furnace.

  The checker bricks used in such a hot stove have been proposed in various shapes as described in Patent Documents 1 to 4, for example, and the basic structure will be described. FIG. 1A is a top view showing a conventional checker brick 20 and FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the checker brick 20 includes a brick main body 21 having a substantially hexagonal column shape, and a plurality of gas flow paths 22 penetrating the brick main body 21 in the vertical direction (axial direction of the hexagonal column shape), A convex dowel 23 provided on the upper surface 25 of the brick main body 21 and a concave dowel 24 provided on the lower surface 26 of the brick main body 21 are provided. The gas flow path 22 of the conventional checker brick 20 is a through hole extending in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface 25 and the lower surface 26 of the brick body 21, and has substantially the same cross-sectional area from the upper surface 25 to the lower surface 26 of the brick body 21. Have. Accordingly, the upper end opening 27 of the gas flow path 22 on the upper surface 25 of the brick body 21 is substantially the same size as the lower end opening 28 of the gas flow path 22 on the lower surface 26 of the brick body 21.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the checker bricks 20 are stacked in multiple stages in the heat storage chamber so that the gas flow paths 22 and 22 of the checker bricks 20 and 20 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction communicate with each other. Thus, by allowing the upper and lower gas flow paths 22 and 22 to communicate with each other, the gas can flow through the gas flow paths having the same diameter passing through the numerous checker bricks 20 stacked in the heat storage chamber in the vertical direction. become.

  By the way, the gas flow path 22 of the checker brick 20 circulates the combustion exhaust gas from the combustion chamber. Therefore, when it is used for a long time, it is caused by adhesion and growth of dust, partial melting of the brick main body 21, inflow of foreign matter, and the like. There is a problem that the middle of the gas flow path is blocked. When the gas flow path is blocked, the heat storage and heat exchange function of the checker brick 20 is hindered, and the thermal efficiency of the hot stove is lowered.

  In order to cope with such a problem of gas channel blockage due to dust adhesion or the like, for example, in Patent Document 1, a bypass channel is formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the checker brick, and the middle of the gas channel inside the brick is blocked. Even in this case, the gas is allowed to flow by bypassing the closed portion. Further, in Patent Document 2, a horizontal canal hole is provided on the upper and lower surfaces of a checker brick, and a plurality of vertical canal holes (corresponding to the gas flow path 22) are communicated with each other, whereby a vertical canal is obtained. Even if the hole is closed at one place, the heat exchange function is prevented from being lost over the entire length of the gas flow path.

Utility Model Registration No. 2563087 JP 2004-315921 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-96046 JP 9-269193 A

  As described above, the conventional techniques described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 provide a plurality of checker bricks by providing bypass flow paths on the upper and lower surfaces of the checker bricks, even when the gas flow paths of the individual checker bricks are blocked. The gas can be distributed as a whole. However, as a result of extensive research by the present inventor, due to the horizontal displacement (hereinafter referred to as lateral displacement) of the checker brick due to thermal expansion, a difference in level between the gas flow paths of the checker bricks adjacent to each other occurs. It has been found that there is a problem that dust adheres and accumulates on the step and the gas flow path is blocked. However, the prior art described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 cannot cope with such a problem, and when the checker brick is laterally displaced due to thermal expansion, it is possible to avoid the adhesion of dust to the step of the joint portion of the gas flow path. I couldn't.

  That is, during the operation of the hot stove, the temperature of a large number of checker bricks stacked in the heat storage chamber is not completely evenly distributed, so that the thermal expansion / heat contraction of each checker brick is biased. For this reason, the checker bricks in the heat storage chamber are laterally displaced from each other due to thermal expansion or the like, so that a step is generated at the joint of the gas flow paths of the checker bricks adjacent to each other in the vertical direction. Therefore, there is a problem in that dust adheres to and accumulates on the level difference of the joint portion of the gas flow path, thereby blocking the gas flow path and reducing the cross-sectional area.

  This principle will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 2, when the checker bricks 20A to 20C are not thermally expanded / contracted, no lateral displacement occurs between the upper checker brick 20A and the lower checker bricks 20B and 20C. For this reason, no lateral deviation occurs between the gas flow path 22A of the upper checker brick 20A and the gas flow paths 22B and 22C of the lower checker bricks 20B and 20C.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, when the upper checker brick 20A undergoes thermal expansion / shrinkage, a lateral shift occurs between the upper checker brick 20A and the lower checker bricks 20B and 20C. Lateral displacement also occurs between the gas flow path 22A and the lower gas flow paths 22B and 22C. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4A, since the lower end opening 28A of the upper gas flow path 22A and the upper end opening 27B of the lower gas flow path 22B are laterally displaced, the upper surface 25B of the lower checker brick 20B is A step 15 is produced by protruding into the flow path. For this reason, when the combustion exhaust gas from the combustion chamber flows downward in the gas flow paths 22A and 22B in the heat storage process, the dust contained in the exhaust gas tends to adhere to and accumulate on the step 15. Therefore, when the dust 16 adhered and deposited on the step 15 grows, there is a problem that the joint portion of the gas flow paths 22A and 22B is blocked or the cross-sectional area of the flow path is reduced.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the object of the present invention is to block the gas flow passage joints and flow passage cross-sectional areas due to the horizontal displacement of the checker brick. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved checker brick and a hot stove capable of preventing shrinkage.

In order to solve the above problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, in a hot stove checker brick stacked in a heat storage chamber of a hot stove, a hexagonal columnar brick body and a plurality of brick bodies penetrating in the vertical direction are provided. A gas flow path, a convex dowel provided on one of the upper surface or the lower surface of the brick body, and a concave dowel provided on the other of the upper surface or the lower surface of the brick body and having a shape that can be fitted to the convex dowel. The upper end opening of the gas flow path on the upper surface of the brick body is larger than the lower end opening of the gas flow path on the lower surface of the brick body, and is adjacent to each other in the vertical direction when a plurality of checker bricks are stacked. The convex dowels and the concave dowels of the checker brick are fitted, and the gas flow paths of the checker bricks adjacent to each other in the vertical direction communicate with each other, in front of the lower checker brick. The upper end opening of the gas flow path, includes the lower end opening of the gas flow path of the upper checker brick, the size difference between the upper end opening and lower end opening of the gas flow path, between the said protruding dowel concave dowel The lower end opening of the gas flow path is formed with a lower end widened part in which the lower end of the gas flow path is partially expanded, and the lower end widened part is formed of the gas flow path. The checker brick is characterized in that a difference in size between the lower end widened portion and the upper end opening of the gas flow path is not less than a margin between the convex dowels and the concave dowels. Provided.

  The gas flow path may comprise a tapered hole that extends from the lower surface side to the upper surface side of the brick body.

  The gas flow path is formed of a through hole having a constant cross-sectional area in the vertical direction, and an upper end widening portion is formed in the upper end opening of the gas flow path, which partially expands the upper end of the gas flow path. You may be allowed to.

  A part of the gas flow path is formed at a position corresponding to the concave dowel, and a lower end opening of the gas flow path formed at a position corresponding to the concave dowel is smaller than the concave dowel. Also good.

  Each of the convex dowels and the concave dowels may be provided on the top or bottom surface of the brick body.

  In order to solve the above problems, according to another aspect of the present invention, in a hot stove comprising a heat storage chamber in which a plurality of the checker bricks described above are stacked and a combustion chamber communicating with the heat storage chamber, The convex dowels and the concave dowels of the checker bricks adjacent to each other in the direction are fitted, and the gas flow paths of the checker bricks adjacent to each other in the vertical direction communicate with each other, so that the gas flow of the lower checker bricks The upper end opening of the passage includes the lower end opening of the gas flow path of the upper checker brick, and in the step of storing heat in the heat storage chamber, the gas flowing from the combustion chamber to the upper portion of the heat storage chamber is In the step of flowing down the gas flow path communicating with the heat storage chamber and sending hot air from the heat storage chamber, the air flowing in from the lower portion of the heat storage chamber flows upward in the gas flow path communicating with each other. Wherein the hot air furnace is provided.

  The plurality of checker bricks may be stacked in a multistage manner in the heat storage chamber so that the odd-numbered checker bricks and the even-numbered checker bricks are arranged to be shifted in the horizontal direction.

  According to the above configuration, when a plurality of checker bricks are stacked in the heat storage chamber of the hot stove, the checker bricks of the checker bricks adjacent to each other in the vertical direction are fitted and the checker bricks adjacent to each other in the vertical direction. The gas flow paths communicate with each other. The upper end opening of the gas flow path of the lower checker brick and the lower end opening of the gas flow path of the upper checker brick are joined, and the upper end opening includes the lower end opening. Therefore, even when the checker bricks adjacent to each other in the vertical direction are displaced in the horizontal direction due to the thermal expansion of the checker brick, the lower end opening is accommodated in the upper end opening. Can be prevented. Therefore, it is possible to prevent dust from adhering to the joint portion of the gas flow path and reducing the cross-sectional area of the flow path.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the gas channel joints from being blocked and the channel cross-sectional area from being reduced due to the horizontal displacement of the checker brick.

It is the top view (a) and AA sectional view (b) which show the conventional checker brick. It is the top view (a) and BB sectional view (b) which show the structure where the conventional checker brick was wrapped. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which the conventional checker brick shifted laterally. It is an expanded sectional view of the part shown by the wavy circle of FIG. It is a schematic structure figure showing a hot stove concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is the top view (a) and CC sectional view (b) which show the checker brick which concerns on the same embodiment. It is the top view (a) and DD sectional view (b) which show the structure which piled up the checker brick which concerns on the same embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which the checker brick based on the embodiment shifted laterally. It is an expanded sectional view of the part shown with the wavy line circle of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the checker brick which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a partial expanded sectional view which shows the junction part of the upper and lower gas flow path which concerns on the same embodiment. It is the top view (a) and EE sectional view (b) which show the checker brick concerning the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is the top view (a) and FF sectional view (b) which show the structure which piled up the checker brick which concerns on the embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which the checker brick based on the embodiment shifted laterally. It is an expanded sectional view of the part shown with the wavy circle of FIG. It is the EE sectional view taken on the line which shows the checker brick which concerns on the example of a change of the embodiment. It is the FF sectional view taken on the line which shows the structure which piled up the checker brick which concerns on the example of a change of the embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which the checker brick based on the embodiment shifted laterally. It is an expanded sectional view of the part shown with the wavy circle of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the checker brick which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded sectional view of the joined part of the gas channel concerning the embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of a change of the method of stacking checker bricks.

  Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, in this specification and drawing, about the component which has the substantially same function structure, duplication description is abbreviate | omitted by attaching | subjecting the same code | symbol.

<1. First Embodiment>
First, the hot stove according to the first embodiment of the present invention and the checker bricks provided in the hot stove will be described.

[1.1. Overall configuration of hot stove]
First, the overall configuration of the hot stove according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the hot stove 1 according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the hot stove 1 is equipment for producing hot air of, for example, 1200 to 1400 ° C. sent to a blast furnace (not shown). The hot stove 1 includes a combustion chamber 4 and a heat storage chamber 3, a heat storage process in which fuel gas is burned in the combustion chamber 4 to store heat in the heat storage chamber 3, and air that blows hot air exchanged in the heat storage chamber 3 to the blast furnace The steps are performed alternately. Usually, for example, three to four hot stoves 1 are installed per one blast furnace, and these hot stoves 1 are operated by alternately switching between a heat storage process and a blowing process, so that hot air is sent to the blast furnace. Feed continuously.

  In the present embodiment, the hot stove 1 will be described with respect to an example of the external combustion type hot stove 1 in which the combustion chamber 4 and the heat storage chamber 3 are separated, but the present invention is not limited to such an example, and the combustion chamber The present invention can be applied to any type of hot stove such as an internal combustion hot stove in which a heat storage chamber is integrally formed, or a top hot stove in which a combustion chamber is provided at the top of the heat storage chamber.

  The external combustion type hot stove 1 shown in FIG. 5 has a structure in which a heat storage chamber 3, a combustion chamber 4, and a chimney 5 are separated. The heat storage chamber 3 is a cylindrical heat storage facility provided on the foundation 2, and a number of checker bricks 30 made of refractory bricks (see FIG. 6) are provided in the heat storage region 10 in the outer cylinder of the heat storage chamber 3. Are stacked in multiple stages, and the stacked height reaches, for example, about 30 m. The checker brick 30 has a heat exchange function of storing heat (combustion heat) of exhaust gas supplied from the combustion chamber 4 to the heat storage chamber 3 and generating hot air by heating the cold air with the heat. A large number of through holes are formed in the checker brick 30 as gas flow paths 32 in the vertical direction. Details will be described later.

  The upper part of the heat storage chamber 3 communicates with the combustion chamber 4, and the lower part of the heat storage chamber 3 communicates with the chimney 5. The combustion chamber 4 is a cylindrical combustion facility provided side by side on the side of the heat storage chamber 3, and includes a burner 8 for mixing and burning fuel gas and air therein. A gas pipe 6 and an air pipe 7 are connected to the lower part of the combustion chamber 4, and the upper part of the combustion chamber 4 and the upper part of the heat storage chamber 3 are connected by a connecting pipe 9. The chimney 5 is erected on the foundation 2 adjacent to the heat storage chamber 3, and discharges the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas outlet 11 of the heat storage chamber 3 to the outside.

  Next, operation | movement of the hot stove 1 of the said structure is demonstrated. The hot stove 1 operates so as to alternately repeat the heat storage process and the air blowing process.

  First, in the heat storage process, the combustion chamber 4 mixes the fuel gas supplied from the gas pipe 6 and the combustion air supplied from the air pipe 7 and burns them by the burner 8. High-temperature exhaust gas (for example, 1300 to 1500 ° C.) obtained by combustion in the combustion chamber 4 is sent from the upper portion of the combustion chamber 4 to the heat storage chamber 3 through the connecting pipe 9 and stacked in the heat storage region 10 of the heat storage chamber 3. Further, the gas flows in the downward direction in the gas flow paths 32 of the checker bricks 30. At this time, the combustion heat is stored in the checker brick 30 by heat exchange between the exhaust gas and the checker brick 30. The exhaust gas that has passed through the heat storage region 10 is discharged to the chimney 5 through the exhaust gas outlet 11 at the bottom of the heat storage chamber 3.

  Thereafter, in the blowing process, combustion in the combustion chamber 4 is stopped, and air (cold air) is sent into the heat storage chamber 3 from the cold air inlet 12 provided on the lower side of the heat storage region 10 of the heat storage chamber 3. The air flows upward in the gas flow path 32 of the checker brick 30 stacked in the heat storage region 10. At this time, by the heat exchange between the stored checker brick 30 and the air, the air is heated to produce hot air of 1200 to 1400 ° C. The hot air passes from the upper part of the heat storage chamber 3 through the connecting pipe 9 and the combustion chamber 4, is discharged from the hot air outlet 13, and is sent to the blast furnace.

  In the hot stove 1 having the above-described structure, in the heat storage process, the high-temperature exhaust gas flowing from the combustion chamber 4 to the upper portion of the heat storage chamber 3 moves downward in the gas flow path 32 of the checker brick 30 in the heat storage chamber 3. Circulate. On the other hand, in the air blowing process, low-temperature air (cold air) flowing in from the lower part of the heat storage chamber 3 flows upward in the gas flow path 32 of the checker brick 30. Thus, in the gas flow path 32 of the checker brick 30, gas flows in the opposite directions in the heat storage process and the air blowing process, whereby the checker brick 30 stores the heat of the exhaust gas and uses the heat. It exhibits a heat exchange function that heats the air.

[1.2. Structure of checker brick]
Next, with reference to FIG. 6, the structure of the checker brick 30 which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 6 is a top view (a) and a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of the checker brick 30 according to the present embodiment (b).

  As shown in FIG. 6, the checker brick 30 includes a brick main body 31 having a hexagonal column shape and a plurality of tapered through holes penetrating the brick main body 31 in the vertical direction (axial center direction of the hexagonal column shape). The gas channel 32, the plurality of convex dowels 33 provided on the upper surface of the brick main body 31, the plurality of concave dowels 34 provided on the lower surface of the brick main body 31, and the plurality formed vertically on the side surface 39 of the brick main body 31. The groove-shaped gas flow paths 40 and 41 are provided.

  The brick body 31 is made of refractory bricks and has a compressive strength that is not destroyed even when a large number of checker bricks 30 are stacked one above the other. A plurality of gas flow paths 32 are formed through the brick body 31 in the vertical direction. However, if the number of the gas flow paths 32 is excessively increased or the cross-sectional area of the gas flow paths 32 is excessively large, the press capability at the time of manufacturing the checker brick 30 is insufficient, and it is uniform in the height direction. However, there is a problem that the strength of the checker brick 30 is insufficient. In general, the checker brick 30 has a width of 180 to 320 mm and a height of 120 to 180 mm. The stacked height of the checker brick 30 in the heat storage chamber 3 reaches about 30 to 40 m. Therefore, considering the load applied to the checker brick 30 and the stress at the time of thermal expansion, the compressive strength is preferably 40 MPa or more empirically. For example, when the number of installed gas flow paths 22 per checker brick 30 of the above size is 37 or more, sufficient compression strength of the brick body 31 cannot be obtained. Therefore, it is preferable to appropriately determine the number of installed gas flow paths 32 and the distance between the flow paths according to the material and size of the brick body 31.

  Therefore, the brick main body 31 of the checker brick 30 according to the present embodiment has 19 through-hole-shaped gas flow paths 32 forming a complete flow path as a gas flow path, and a groove-shaped gas flow having a ½ cross section. Twelve passages 40 and three groove-like gas passages 41 having a 1/3 cross section are provided. Further, the cross-sectional areas and the distances between the gas flow paths 32, 40, 41 are appropriately set according to the material and size of the brick body 31.

  The gas flow path 32 is a through hole that penetrates the brick body 31 in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface 35 and the lower surface 36 of the brick body 31. The cross-sectional shape of the gas flow path 32 according to the present embodiment is a circular shape from the viewpoint of ease of molding, but is not limited to this example, for example, a polygon such as a rectangle or a triangle, an ellipse, a star, or the like Any cross-sectional shape may be used. The horizontal sectional shape of the groove-like gas flow paths 40 and 41 is also the same.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the gas flow path 22 of the conventional checker brick 20 generally has the same inner diameter and cross-sectional area in the vertical direction of the brick body 21. In contrast, as shown in FIG. 6, the gas flow path 32 of the checker brick 30 according to the present embodiment is a tapered hole that extends from the lower surface 36 side to the upper surface 35 side of the brick body 31. Yes.

That is, the gas flow path 32 of the checker brick 30 according to the present embodiment is a tapered hole that expands from the lower surface 36 side to the upper surface 35 of the brick body 31, so The area has been expanded. Therefore, the upper end opening 37 of the gas channel 32 on the upper surface 35 of the brick body 31 is larger than the lower end opening 38 of the gas channel 32 on the lower surface 36 of the brick body 31. That is, the flow path diameter φ ₂ of the upper end opening 37 of the gas flow path 32 is larger than the flow path diameter φ ₁ of the lower end opening 38. Therefore, on the horizontal projection plane obtained by projecting the gas flow path 32 onto the horizontal plane, a circle (diameter φ ₂ ) that forms the outer edge of the upper end opening 37 of the gas flow path 32 and a circle (diameter φ ₁ ) that forms the outer edge of the lower end opening 38 are formed. The former circle (diameter φ ₂ ) is arranged concentrically, and surrounds the latter circle (diameter φ ₁ ) with a certain annular gap. As a result, even if the upper and lower checker bricks 30 are laterally displaced due to thermal expansion, the upper end opening 37 of the lower gas flow path 32 can include the lower end opening 38 of the upper gas flow path 32. Details will be described later. (See FIG. 9).

  Thus, in this embodiment, although the gas flow path 32 penetratingly formed inside the brick main body 31 is a taper hole, similarly, the groove-shaped gas flow path 40 formed in the side surface 39 of the brick main body 31 is used. , 41 are also tapered grooves extending from the lower surface 36 to the upper surface 35 of the brick body 31. When the checker brick 30 having the tapered gas flow path 32 is molded using a mold, a core provided with a taper corresponding to the gas flow path 32 is placed on the upper side of the checker brick 30. If a die structure is used, the checker brick 30 having the gas flow path 32 can be easily molded.

  Further, in the checker brick 30 according to the present embodiment, for example, three convex dowels 33 project from the upper surface 35 of the brick main body 31, and for example, three concave dowels 34 sink into the lower surface 36 of the brick main body 31. ing. The convex dowels 33 and the concave dowels 34 have shapes that can be fitted to each other, and the planar shapes of the convex dowels 33 and the concave dowels 34 in the illustrated example are circular. The convex dowels 33 and the concave dowels 34 are provided at positions corresponding to each other on the upper surface 35 and the lower surface 36 of the brick body 31. The convex dowels 33 and the concave dowels 34 have a function of preventing a large lateral shift of the checker brick 30 by fitting with each other when the plurality of checker bricks 30 are stacked one above the other.

Further, the gas flow path 32 is not only in a position where the convex dowels 33 and the concave dowels 34 are not provided on the upper surface 35 and the lower surface 36 of the brick body 31 but also in a position corresponding to the three convex dowels 33 and the concave dowels 34. Are also formed. The centers of the gas flow paths 32 formed at positions corresponding to the convex dowels 33 and the concave dowels 34 coincide with the centers of the convex dowels 33 and the concave dowels 34. The inner diameter (flow path diameter φ ₂ ) of the upper end opening 37 of the gas flow path 32 is smaller than the outer diameter of the convex dowel 33, and the inner diameter (flow path diameter φ ₁ ) of the lower end opening 38 of the gas flow path 32 is also the same. The inner diameter of the concave dowel 34 is smaller. As described above, the gas flow paths 32 are also formed at positions overlapping the convex dowels 33 and the concave dowels 34, so that the plurality of gas flow paths 32 can be evenly arranged in the entire brick body 31. Of course, a plurality of gas flow paths 32 may be arranged only at positions that do not overlap the convex dowels 33 and the concave dowels 34.

  In the illustrated example, the convex dowels 33 are provided on the upper surface 35 of the checker brick 30 and the concave dowels 34 are provided on the lower surface 36. However, the convex dowels 33 are provided on the lower surface 36 of the checker brick 30 and the concave dowels 34 are provided on the upper surface 35. It is also possible. Further, when stacking a plurality of checker bricks 30 vertically (see FIG. 22B), the convex dowels 33 and the concave dowels 34 are arranged at arbitrary positions on the upper surface 35 and the lower surface 36 of the checker brick 30. It becomes possible.

[1.3. Stacked structure of checker bricks]
Next, a structure in which a plurality of checker bricks 30 having the above configuration are stacked in the heat storage chamber 3 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7: is the top view (a) and DD sectional view (b) which show the structure which piled up the checker brick 30 which concerns on this embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the plurality of checker bricks 30 are lapped so that the plurality of gas flow paths 32, 40, 41 formed in each checker brick 30 communicate with each other vertically. The lap stacking is a method in which the checker bricks 30 are stacked in multiple stages so that the odd-numbered checker bricks 30 and the even-numbered checker bricks 30 are arranged to be shifted in the horizontal direction.

  In this lap stacking, as shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of checker bricks 30B, 30C, 30D,. In each stage, a certain fine gap 39a is provided between the side surfaces 39, 39 of the checker bricks 30, 30 adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction. Further, on the plurality of checker bricks 30B, 30C, 30D... Constituting the first stage, the plurality of checker bricks 30B, 30C, 30D. A plurality of checker bricks 30 </ b> A are stacked at a position to constitute the second stage. At this time, the center of the second-stage checker brick 30A is arranged on the center of gravity of an equilateral triangle having the centers of the three adjacent first-stage checker bricks 30B, 30C, 30D. Further, a plurality of checker bricks 30A are stacked on the plurality of checker bricks 30A... Constituting the second stage at the same horizontal position as the plurality of checker bricks 30B, 30C, 30D constituting the first stage. Configure the steps.

  By repeating such a stacking method, for example, a large number of checker bricks 30 are stacked in multiple stages up to a stacking height of 30 to 40 m. Accordingly, the checker bricks 30 can be stably stacked in a state where the centers of the odd-numbered checker bricks 30 and the centers of the even-numbered checker bricks 30 are alternately shifted in the horizontal direction.

  When a large number of checker bricks 30 are lap-stacked as described above, the checker bricks 30 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction are connected to each other, and the checker bricks 30 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction are connected to each other. Thirty convex dowels 33 and concave dowels 34 are fitted together. As described above, the gas flow paths 32 and 32 of the checker bricks 30 and 30 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction are communicated with each other, thereby forming a plurality of gas flow paths penetrating the stacked checker bricks 30 in the vertical direction. it can. Further, by fitting the convex dowels 33 and the concave dowels 34 of the checker bricks 30 and 30 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, the checker bricks 30 stacked up and down are mutually restrained, and a large lateral displacement between the checker bricks 30 is achieved. Can be prevented.

  As shown in FIG. 6, in the checker brick 30 according to the present embodiment, three convex dowels 33 and concave dowels 34 are arranged at equal intervals for each central angle of 120 ° on the upper surface 35 and the lower surface 36 of the brick body 31. Has been. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 7, when the plurality of checker bricks 30 are lap-stacked, three concave dowels 34A formed on the lower surface 36A of the upper checker brick 30A, and the lower checker bricks 30B, 30C, It is possible to fit a total of three convex dowels 33B, 33C, and 33D formed on the upper surfaces 35B, 35C, and 35D of 30D. Note that six convex dowels 33 and concave dowels 34 may be provided at equal intervals for each central angle of 60 ° on the upper surface 35 and the lower surface 36 of the brick main body 31, respectively. Even in this case, when the plurality of checker bricks 30 are lap-stacked, the convex dowels 33 and the concave dowels 34 of the upper and lower checker bricks 30 can be fitted.

  By the way, the convex dowels 33 and the concave dowels 34 of the checker brick 30 are not closely fitted together without a gap, but in order to absorb a small lateral shift due to the thermal expansion of the checker brick 30, the convex dowels 33 and the concave dowels 34. For example, a margin allowance D (thermal expansion allowance) of 2.5 mm to 5 mm is provided. That is, the margin D is a horizontal allowance when the convex dowel 33 and the concave dowel 34 are fitted. The inner diameter of the concave dowel 34 is obtained by adding the margin D to the outer diameter of the convex dowel 33. Size. If the margin D is not provided, the convex dowels 33 or the concave dowels 34 may be damaged when there is a difference in thermal expansion between the upper and lower checker bricks 30. On the other hand, by providing a margin D between the convex dowel 33 and the concave dowel 34, the thermally expanded checker brick 30 can move in the horizontal direction by the margin D at the maximum. A horizontal shift (lateral shift) of the margin D (for example, a maximum of 5 mm) occurs between the checker bricks 30 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction.

[1.4. Structure of gas channel joint]
Here, with reference to FIG.8 and FIG.9, the lateral displacement of the checker brick 30 which concerns on this embodiment is explained in full detail. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the upper checker brick 30A is laterally shifted to the right with respect to the lower checker bricks 30B and 30C due to thermal expansion or the like. FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion indicated by a wavy circle in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 8, when the upper checker brick 30A is thermally expanded, the upper checker brick 30A has a margin D between the convex dowel 33 and the concave dowel 34 with respect to the lower checker bricks 30B and 30C. The side shifts within the range of. For this reason, a lateral shift occurs within the margin D between the gas flow path 32A of the upper checker brick 30A and the gas flow paths 32B and 32C of the lower checker bricks 30B and 30C.

  In the conventional checker brick, as shown in FIG. 3, when a lateral shift (for example, a maximum of 5 mm) within the range of the margin D occurs in the upper and lower checker bricks 20A and 20B, it is shown in FIG. As described above, the lower end opening 28A of the upper gas flow path 22A and the upper end opening 27B of the lower gas flow path 22B are laterally displaced, and a step 15 is generated at the joint between the upper and lower gas flow paths 22A and 22B. . For this reason, when the exhaust gas is circulated downward in the gas flow paths 22A and 22B in the heat storage process of the hot stove 1, dust 16 adheres to and accumulates on the step 15, and the upper and lower gas flow paths 22A and 22B There is a problem that the flow path is blocked or the cross-sectional area of the flow path is reduced at the joint. In particular, the smaller the channel diameter φ of the gas channel 22, the greater the harmful effect of dust adhesion on the step 15.

On the other hand, in the checker brick 30 according to the present embodiment, the gas flow path 32 is a tapered hole whose upper surface 35 is expanded, and the upper end opening 37 of the tapered gas flow path 32 is more than the lower end opening 38. It is extended to a margin D (for example, a maximum of 5 mm) or more. For example, when the flow path diameter φ ₁ of the lower end opening 38 of the tapered gas flow path 32 is 30 mm, the flow path diameter φ ₂ of the upper end opening 37 is expanded to 35 mm (= 30 mm + 5 mm) or more. Thus, the upper end opening 37 of the gas flow path 32 is larger than the lower end opening 38 by at least the margin D. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, when the upper and lower checker bricks 30 are not laterally displaced, the upper end opening 37B of the gas flow path 32B of the lower checker brick 30B has at least a margin greater than the margin allowance D, The lower end opening 38A of the gas flow path 32A of the upper checker brick 30A is included. In addition, the inclusion mentioned here means that the upper end opening 37B joined to the lower end opening 38A includes the lower end opening 38A inside.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, even when a lateral shift (for example, a maximum of 5 mm) within the margin D is generated between the upper checker brick 30A and the lower checker brick 30B, FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the upper end opening 37B (flow path diameter φ ₂ ) of the gas flow path 32B of the lower checker brick 30B is still the lower end opening 38A (flow path diameter φ ₁ ) of the gas flow path 32A of the upper checker brick 30A. Is included. That is, the lower end opening 38A (flow path diameter φ ₁ ) of the upper gas flow path 32A is within the upper end opening 37B (flow path diameter φ ₂ ) of the lower gas flow path 32B. For this reason, the upper surface 35B of the lower checker brick 30B does not protrude inside the lower end opening 38A of the upper gas flow path 32A, and the joint of the upper and lower gas flow paths 32 is shown in FIG. Such a step 15 does not occur.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9A, when the high-temperature exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 4 flows downward in the gas flow path 32 of the checker brick 30 in the heat storage process, the upper and lower gas flow paths It is possible to prevent dust from adhering to the joint portions of 32A and 32B. Therefore, the problem of dust adhesion due to the lateral displacement of the checker brick 30 due to thermal expansion can be solved, and blockage of the flow path at the joint of the upper and lower gas flow paths 32A and 32B and reduction of the flow path cross-sectional area can be prevented.

Further, in the conventional checker brick, as shown in FIG. 3, when the upper and lower checker bricks 20A and 20B are laterally displaced, the lower end opening 28A (flow path diameter φ ₁ ) of the upper gas flow path 22A and the lower gas flow The upper end opening 27B (flow path diameter φ ₁ ) of the path 22B is shifted laterally. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), the upper and lower gas channel 22A, since the channel width of the joint 22B is decreased from phi ₁ to W, it is much the flow path cross-sectional area of the joint portion It was shrinking. Therefore, when air is circulated upward in the gas passages 22A and 22B in the blowing process of the hot stove 1, the joint portion of the gas passages 22A and 22B having a narrow passage sectional area becomes a bottleneck, There was also a problem that the pressure loss during blowing increased. In particular, the smaller the channel diameter φ of the gas channel 22, the greater the adverse effect of the pressure loss.

On the other hand, according to the checker brick 30 according to the present embodiment, even when the upper and lower checker bricks 30A and 30B are laterally displaced, as shown in FIG. 9B, the upper end of the lower gas flow path 32B. The opening 37B (flow path diameter φ ₂ ) includes a lower end opening 38A (flow path diameter φ ₁ ) of the upper gas flow path 32A. Accordingly, the flow path width is not reduced at the joint between the upper and lower gas flow paths 32A and 32B, and the flow path width (φ ₁ ) before lateral displacement can be maintained. In addition, the cross-sectional area of the flow path before lateral displacement can be ensured. Therefore, when air is circulated upward in the gas flow paths 32A and 32B in the blowing process, the pressure loss at the joint of the gas flow paths 32A and 32B can be reduced.

<2. Second Embodiment>
Next, a checker brick 30 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The checker brick 30 according to the second embodiment is different from the checker brick 30 according to the first embodiment in the shape of the gas flow path, and the other functional configurations are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment. The detailed description is omitted.

  First, with reference to FIG. 10, the structure of the checker brick 30 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a checker brick 30 according to the second embodiment.

  In the checker brick 30 according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the gas flow path 32 is configured by a tapered hole that extends from the lower surface 36 side to the upper surface 35 side, thereby The upper end opening 37 was expanded more than the lower end opening 38.

On the other hand, in the checker brick 30 according to the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, the gas flow path 42 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a constant cross-sectional area (a constant flow path diameter φ ₁ ) in the vertical direction. The upper end of the gas flow path 42 is partially expanded to form upper end expanded portions 43 and 44. Thereby, the upper end opening 47 (flow path diameter φ ₃ ) of the gas flow path 42 is expanded more than the lower end opening 48 (flow path diameter φ ₁ ).

  When manufacturing the checker brick 30, for example, first, the checker brick 30 in which the plurality of gas flow paths 42 are formed is molded using a mold having a core corresponding to the cylindrical gas flow path 42. Later, the upper edge opening portions 43 and 44 may be formed by chamfering the outer edge corner portion of the upper end opening 47 of the gas flow path 42 in the circumferential direction. For example, in the checker brick 30 shown in FIG. 10 (a), a tapered upper end widening portion that chamfers the outer edge corner portion of the upper end opening 47 of the gas flow path 42 into a taper shape and expands toward the upper surface 35 side. 43 is formed. Further, in the checker brick 30 shown in FIG. 10 (b), the outer edge corner portion of the upper end opening 47 of the gas flow path 42 is chamfered into a cross section R shape, and is expanded toward the upper surface 35 side. An opening 44 is formed.

Thus, only the upper end of the gas flow path 42 having a constant flow path diameter φ ₁ in the vertical direction is partially expanded to form the upper end expanded portions 43 and 44, so that Only the upper end opening 47 can be partially expanded. The expansion width of the upper end expanding portions 43 and 44 in the upper end opening 47 is equal to or greater than the margin D between the convex dowel 33 and the concave dowel 34 described above. In other words, the flow path diameter φ ₃ of the upper end opening 47 of the gas flow path 42 in which the upper end widened portions 43 and 44 are formed is larger than the flow allowance D by a larger margin D than the flow path diameter φ ₁ of the lower end opening of the gas flow path 42 (φ ₃ > Φ ₁ + D).

  Here, with reference to FIG. 11, the lateral displacement of the checker brick 30 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail. FIG. 11 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view showing the joint between the upper and lower gas flow paths 42, 42 according to the present embodiment.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the upper end opening 47 is expanded more than the lower end opening 48 by forming the upper end expanding portions 43 and 44 at the upper end of the gas flow path 42. Thus, as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, even if the upper and lower checker bricks 30A and 30B are laterally displaced within the margin D due to thermal expansion or the like, the lower checker brick 30B Since the upper end widened portions 43B and 44B corresponding to the margin D are formed at the upper end of the gas flow path 42, the lower end opening 48A (flow path diameter φ ₁ ) of the gas flow path 42A of the upper checker brick 30A is The lower checker brick 30B is accommodated in the upper end opening 47B (flow path diameter φ ₃ ) of the gas flow path 42B. Therefore, even when the checker brick 30 is laterally displaced, the generation of the step 15 (see FIG. 4A) at the joint between the upper and lower gas flow paths 42A and 42B can be prevented. Thus, it is possible to suitably prevent dust from adhering and accumulating.

<3. Third Embodiment>
Next, a checker brick 30 according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. The checker brick 30 according to the third embodiment is different from the checker brick 30 according to the first embodiment in that a lower end widening portion is provided at the lower end of the gas flow path, and other functional configurations are the same. Since this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted.

In the conventional checker brick 20 described above, when the upper and lower checker bricks 20A and 20B are laterally displaced as shown in FIG. 3, as shown in FIG. 4B, the upper and lower gas flow paths 22A and 22B are joined. since the channel width of the part decreases from phi ₁ to W, the flow path cross-sectional area of the joint portion was significantly reduced. Therefore, when air is circulated upward in the gas passages 22A and 22B in the blowing process of the hot stove 1, the joint portion of the gas passages 22A and 22B having a narrow passage sectional area becomes a bottleneck, There was a problem that the pressure loss during blowing increased.

On the other hand, in the first embodiment, a tapered gas flow path 32 is adopted, and an upper end opening 37 (flow path diameter φ ₂ ) and a lower end opening 38 (flow path diameter φ ₁ ) of the gas flow path 32 are provided. By setting the dimensional relationship between the margin D between the convex dowel 33 and the concave dowel 34 to be φ ₂ > φ ₁ + D, the generation of the step 15 at the joint portion of the upper and lower gas flow paths 32 and 32 was prevented. . This prevented dust from adhering to the joint in the heat storage process (see FIG. 9A) and also prevented reduction in the cross-sectional area of the joint in the air blowing process (FIG. 9B). reference.).

However, the larger the channel diameter φ of the gas channel 32 is, the more the problem of pressure loss in the gas channel 32 in the blowing process is solved. However, since the volume of the brick body 31 is reduced, the heat storage efficiency of the checker brick 30 is increased. There is a problem of lowering. Therefore, in order to increase the heat storage efficiency of the checker brick 30 without increasing the pressure loss in the gas flow path 32, it is required to reduce the flow path diameter φ of the gas flow path 32 to some extent as a whole. However, in the configuration of the checker brick 30 according to the first embodiment, when the flow path diameter φ ₁ of the lower end opening 38 of the tapered gas flow path 32 is reduced, the lower end opening 38 of the small flow path diameter φ ₁ is reduced. The pressure loss problem due to the reduction of the cross-sectional area of the flow path is not negligible. As described above, there is a problem that the heat storage efficiency of the checker brick 30 and the pressure loss in the blowing process are in a trade-off relationship depending on the flow path diameter φ of the gas flow path 32.

  Therefore, in order to solve the trade-off problem between the heat storage efficiency and the pressure loss, in the third embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 12 to 19, only the lower end of the tapered gas flow path 32 is partially expanded. The lower end widened portions 53 and 54 are formed by opening. By providing the lower end widened portions 53 and 54, the lower end opening 38 of the gas flow path 32 on the lower surface 36 of the checker brick 30 can be partially expanded. Therefore, even when the diameter φ of the gas flow path 32 is reduced, the flow path cross-sectional area of the lower end opening 38 of the gas flow path 32 can be secured to some extent, so that the pressure loss at the lower end opening 38 in the blowing process is reduced. The heat storage efficiency of the checker brick 30 can be improved by reducing the flow path diameter φ of the gas flow path 32 while suppressing it. The checker brick 30 according to the third embodiment will be described in detail below.

  First, the configuration of the checker brick 30 according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 12A is a top view showing a checker brick 30 according to the third embodiment, and FIG. 16B is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE, and FIG. 16B is a checker brick according to a modification of the third embodiment. FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 12 and 16, the checker brick 30 according to the third embodiment has a tapered gas applied to the brick body 31 in the same manner as the checker brick 30 (see FIG. 6) according to the first embodiment. The checker brick 30 according to the first embodiment is the same as the checker brick 30 according to the first embodiment except that a plurality of flow paths 32 are formed and lower end widened portions 53 and 54 are formed by expanding the lower ends of the gas flow paths 32. It is the same composition.

In the checker brick 30 shown in FIG. 12, only the lower end of the tapered gas flow path 32 is partially expanded so that the lower end opening 38 of the gas flow path 32 expands toward the lower surface 36. A lower end widened portion 53 is formed. On the other hand, in the checker brick 30 shown in FIG. 16, only the lower end of the tapered gas flow path 32 is partially expanded to expand the lower end opening 38 of the gas flow path 32 toward the lower surface 36. An R-shaped lower end widened portion 53 is formed. The flow path diameter φ ₄ of the lower end opening 38 expanded by the lower end widened portions 53 and 54 is smaller than the flow path diameter φ ₂ of the upper end opening 37. For example, the difference between the channel diameter phi ₂ of the channel diameter phi ₄ and upper end opening 37 of the lower end opening 38 is margin D or between convex dowel 33 and a concave dowel 34 described above _{(φ 2> φ 4 + D} ). As described above, by adjusting the flow path diameters φ ₄ and φ ₂ , it is possible to prevent the occurrence of the step 15 at the joint between the upper and lower gas flow paths 32 and 32 when the upper and lower checker bricks 30 are laterally displaced (FIG. 15). (See (a) and FIG. 19 (a).)

  When manufacturing the checker brick 30 having the lower end widened portions 53 and 54, for example, first, a plurality of tapered gas is used by using a mold having a core corresponding to the tapered gas flow path 32. The checker brick 30 in which the flow path 32 is formed is molded. Thereafter, the outer edge corner portion of the lower end opening 38 of the gas flow path 32 is chamfered in the circumferential direction to form lower end widened portions 53 and 54. For example, in the checker brick 30 shown in FIG. 12, the outer edge corner portion of the lower end opening 38 of the gas flow path 32 is chamfered into a taper shape to form a tapered lower end widened portion 53 that expands toward the lower surface 36 side. To do. Further, in the checker brick 30 shown in FIG. 16, the outer edge corner portion of the lower end opening 38 of the gas flow path 32 is chamfered into a cross-section R shape, and is expanded toward the lower surface 36 side. Form.

  Next, a structure in which a plurality of checker bricks 30 having the above configuration are stacked in the heat storage chamber 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 13: is the top view (a) and FF sectional view (b) which show the structure which piled up the checker brick 30 which concerns on 3rd Embodiment, FIG. 17 is a change of 3rd Embodiment. It is the FF sectional view taken on the line which shows the structure which piled up the checker brick 30 which concerns on an example.

As shown in FIGS. 13 and 17, the third embodiment is similar to the first embodiment in that the gas flow paths 32, 32 of the checker bricks 30, 30 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction communicate with each other, and A plurality of checker bricks 30 are lapped so that the convex dowels 33 and the concave dowels 34 of the checker bricks 30 and 30 adjacent to each other are fitted to each other. At this time, the lower end opening 38A of the gas flow path 32A of the upper checker brick 30A is joined to the upper end openings 37B and 37C of the gas flow paths 32B and 32C of the lower checker bricks 30B and 30C. Then, the lower end opening 38A of the upper gas passage 32A is extended by the lower expansion portion 53, but the flow path diameter is enlarged to phi ₄ from _{φ 1, φ 1 <φ 4} <φ 2 since it is, the lower end opening 38A (Nagarero径phi ₄₎ of the upper gas passage 32A is lower gas passage 32B, 32C of the upper opening 37B, is within the inside of the 37C (Nagarero径phi _2).

  Next, the lateral displacement of the checker brick 30 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 14 and 18 are cross-sectional views showing a state in which the upper checker brick 30A is laterally shifted to the right with respect to the lower checker bricks 30B and 30 due to thermal expansion or the like. FIGS. 15 and 19 are enlarged cross-sectional views of the portion indicated by the wavy circle in FIGS. 14 and 18.

  As shown in FIGS. 14 and 18, when the upper checker brick 30A is thermally expanded, the upper checker brick 30A is located between the convex dowel 33 and the concave dowel 34 with respect to the lower checker bricks 30B and 30C. The side shifts within the margin D. For this reason, a lateral shift (for example, a maximum of 5 mm) occurs within the margin D between the gas flow path 32A of the upper checker brick 30A and the gas flow paths 32B and 32C of the lower checker bricks 30B and 30C. .

Even when such a lateral shift occurs, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 19, the upper end opening 37B (flow path diameter φ ₂ ) of the gas flow path 32B of the lower checker brick 30B still remains in the upper checker brick 30A. The lower end opening 38A (flow path diameter φ ₄ ) of the gas flow path 32A is included. That is, the lower end opening 38A (flow path diameter φ ₄ ) of the upper gas flow path 32A is within the upper end opening 37B (flow path diameter φ ₂ ) of the lower gas flow path 32B. Therefore, the upper surface 35B of the lower checker brick 30B does not protrude inside the lower end opening 38A of the upper gas flow path 32A, and the step 15 (FIG. 4 (a ))) Does not occur.

  Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 15A and 19A, when the high-temperature exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 4 flows downward in the gas flow path 32 of the checker brick 30 in the heat storage process. Further, it is possible to prevent dust from adhering to the joint portion between the upper and lower gas flow paths 32A and 32B. Therefore, the problem of dust adhesion due to the lateral displacement of the checker brick 30 due to thermal expansion can be solved, and the blockage of the flow path at the joint and the reduction of the cross-sectional area of the flow path can be prevented.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 15B and 19B, the lower end opening 38A of the upper gas flow path 32A is partially expanded by the lower end widened portions 53A and 54A, and the lower end opening 38A The channel cross-sectional area is enlarged. Accordingly, the flow path width is not reduced at the joint between the upper and lower gas flow paths 32A and 32B, and the flow path width (φ ₄ ) before lateral displacement can be maintained, so that the flow path cross-sectional area of the joint is also reduced. In addition, the cross-sectional area of the flow path before lateral displacement can be ensured. Therefore, when air flows upward in the gas flow paths 32A and 32B in the blowing process, it is possible to suppress pressure loss at the joint portion of the gas flow paths 32A and 32B.

As described above, in the checker brick 30 according to the third embodiment, the lower end opening 38 is expanded by providing the lower end expanding portions 53 and 54 at the lower end of the tapered gas flow path 32. Thus, even when the checker brick 30 is laterally displaced, the expanded lower end opening 38 (flow path diameter φ ₄ ) is accommodated in the upper end opening 37 (flow path diameter φ ₂ ) of the lower gas flow path 32, The flow path cross-sectional area of the lower end opening 38 can be secured to a certain size. Accordingly, the problem of reduction in the cross-sectional area of the flow path at the lower end opening 38 of the gas flow path 32 is solved even when the diameter φ of the gas flow path 32 is reduced to some extent in order to increase the heat storage efficiency of the checker brick 30. Since it can do, the pressure loss in the said lower end opening 38 in a ventilation process can be suppressed.

<4. Fourth Embodiment>
Next, a checker brick 30 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The checker brick 30 according to the fourth embodiment is different from the checker brick 30 according to the second embodiment in that a lower end widening portion is provided at the lower end of the gas flow path, and other functional configurations are the same. Since the second embodiment is substantially the same as the second embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  Below, with reference to FIG. 20, the structure of the checker brick 30 which concerns on 4th Embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing a checker brick 30 according to the fourth embodiment.

In the checker brick 30 according to the second embodiment, the gas flow path 42 is constituted by a cylindrical through-hole having a constant cross-sectional area (a constant flow path diameter φ ₁ ) in the vertical direction. The lower end widening portion was not provided at the lower end of the path 42. Such a second embodiment of the structure, as described in the section of the third embodiment, when the small passage diameter phi ₁ of the gas passage 42, the lower end opening 48 of the small again flow path diameter phi ₁ There is a problem that the problem of pressure loss due to the reduction in the cross-sectional area of the flow path is not negligible, and the heat storage efficiency of the checker brick 30 and the pressure loss in the blowing process are in a trade-off relationship.

Therefore, in order to solve the trade-off problem between the heat storage efficiency and the pressure loss, in the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 20, only the lower end of the gas passage 42 is partially expanded to expand the lower end. Open portions 54 and 53 are formed. By providing the lower end widened portions 54 and 53, the lower end opening 48 of the gas flow path 42 on the lower surface 36 of the checker brick 30 can be partially expanded. Therefore, even when the small passage diameter phi ₁ of the gas passage 42, and the passage sectional area of the lower opening 48 of the gas channel 42 to some extent can be secured, pressure loss in the lower end opening 48 of the blower step while suppressing, to reduce the passage diameter phi ₁ of the gas channel 42, it becomes possible to improve the heat storage efficiency of the checker brick 30. The checker brick 30 according to the fourth embodiment will be described in detail below.

As shown in FIG. 20, in the checker brick 30 according to the fourth embodiment, the gas flow path 42 is constituted by a cylindrical through-hole having a constant cross-sectional area (a constant flow path diameter φ ₁ ) in the vertical direction. The upper end of the gas channel 42 is partially expanded to form upper end expanded portions 43 and 44, and the lower end of the gas channel 42 is partially expanded to expand the lower end expanded portion 53. , 54 are formed. Thereby, the lower end opening 48 (flow path diameter φ ₄ ) of the gas flow path 42 is expanded within a range smaller than the upper end opening 47 (flow path diameter φ ₃ ) of the gas flow path 42.

  When manufacturing the checker brick 30, for example, first, the checker brick 30 in which the plurality of gas flow paths 42 are formed is molded using a mold having a core corresponding to the cylindrical gas flow path 42. . Thereafter, the outer edge corner portion of the upper end opening 47 of the gas flow path 42 is chamfered in the circumferential direction to form upper end widened portions 43 and 44, and the outer edge corner portion of the lower end opening 48 of the gas flow path 42. Are chamfered in the circumferential direction to form lower end widened portions 54 and 53. For example, in the checker brick 30 shown in FIG. 20A, the outer edge corners of the upper end opening 47 and the lower end opening 48 of the gas flow path 42 are chamfered into a taper shape and expanded toward the upper surface 35 side. An upper end widened portion 43 and a tapered lower end widened portion 54 that expands toward the lower surface 36 are formed. Further, in the checker brick 30 shown in FIG. 20 (b), a cross section R in which the outer edge corner portions of the upper end opening 47 and the lower end opening 48 of the gas flow path 42 are chamfered into a cross section R shape and expanded toward the upper surface 35 side. Upper end widening portion 44 and lower end widening portion 53 having a R-shaped cross section extending toward the lower surface 36 are formed.

Thus, the upper end and the lower end of the gas flow path 42 having a constant flow path diameter φ ₁ in the vertical direction are partially expanded to form the upper end expanded portions 43 and 44 and the lower end expanded portions 54 and 53. Thus, the upper end opening 47 of the gas flow path 42 can be partially expanded, and the lower end opening 48 can also be partially expanded. The flow path diameter φ ₄ of the lower end opening 48 expanded by the lower end widened portions 54 and 53 is smaller than the flow path diameter φ ₃ of the upper end opening 47. For example, the difference between the channel diameter phi ₃ of channel diameter phi ₄ and upper end opening 47 of the lower end opening 48 is margin D or between convex dowel 33 and a concave dowel 34 described above _{(φ 3> φ 4 + D} , φ ₄ > φ ₁ ). As described above, by adjusting the flow path diameters φ ₄ and φ ₃ , it is possible to prevent the occurrence of the step 15 at the joint between the upper and lower gas flow paths 42 and 42 when the upper and lower checker bricks 30 are laterally displaced (FIG. 21). reference.).

Moreover, the checker brick 30 according to the present embodiment having the above-described configuration is lapped in the same manner as in the first to third embodiments. At this time, the lower end opening 48A of the gas flow path 42A of the upper checker brick 30A is joined to the upper end opening 47B of the gas flow path 42B of the lower checker bricks 30B and 30C. Then, the lower end opening 48A of the upper gas passage 42A is extended by the lower expansion portion 54, 53, but the flow path diameter is enlarged to phi ₄ from _{φ 1, φ 1 <φ 4} <φ 3 since it is, the lower end opening 48A (Nagarero径phi ₄₎ of the upper gas passage 42A is accommodated in the inside of the upper end opening 47B of the lower gas passage 42B (Nagarero径phi _3).

  Furthermore, with reference to FIG. 21, the lateral displacement of the checker brick 30 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail. FIG. 21 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the joint portion of the gas flow path according to the present embodiment.

Even when the upper and lower checker bricks 30 are laterally displaced within the margin D (for example, a maximum of 5 mm), as shown in FIG. 21, the upper end opening 47B (flow) of the gas flow path 42B of the lower checker brick 30B is shown. The path diameter φ ₃ ) still includes the lower end opening 48A (flow path diameter φ ₄ ) of the gas flow path 42A of the upper checker brick 30A. In other words, the lower end opening 48A of the upper gas passage 42A (Nagarero径phi ₄₎ is accommodated in the upper end opening 47B of the lower gas passage 42B (Nagarero径phi _3). Therefore, the upper surface 35B of the lower checker brick 30B does not protrude inside the lower end opening 48A of the upper gas flow path 42A, and the step 15 (FIG. ))) Does not occur.

  Accordingly, in the fourth embodiment, similarly to the third embodiment, when the high-temperature exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 4 flows downward in the gas flow path 42 of the checker brick 30 in the heat storage process. Further, it is possible to prevent dust from adhering to the joint portion between the upper and lower gas flow paths 42A and 42B. Therefore, the problem of dust adhesion due to the lateral displacement of the checker brick 30 due to thermal expansion can be solved, and the blockage of the flow path at the joint and the reduction of the cross-sectional area of the flow path can be prevented.

Furthermore, the lower end opening 48A of the upper gas flow path 42A is partially expanded by the lower end widened portions 54A and 53A, and the flow path cross-sectional area of the lower end opening 48A is expanded. Therefore, the flow path width is not reduced at the joint between the upper and lower gas flow paths 42A and 42B, and the flow path width (φ ₄ ) before lateral displacement can be maintained. In addition, the cross-sectional area of the flow path before lateral displacement can be ensured. Therefore, when air flows upward in the gas flow paths 42A and 42B in the blowing process, it is possible to suppress pressure loss at the joints of the gas flow paths 42A and 42B.

As described above, in the checker brick 30 according to the fourth embodiment, the lower end openings 48 and 53 are provided at the lower end of the columnar gas flow path 42 to expand the lower end opening 48. Accordingly, even when the checker brick 30 is displaced laterally, while housed in the expanded lower end opening 48 (Nagarero径phi ₄₎ in the upper end opening 47 of the lower gas passage 42 (Nagarero径phi _3), The flow path cross-sectional area of the lower end opening 48 can be secured to a certain size. Therefore, even if the flow diameter φ of the gas flow path 42 is reduced to some extent in order to increase the heat storage efficiency of the checker brick 30, the problem of reduction of the flow path cross-sectional area at the lower end opening 48 of the gas flow path 42 is solved. Since it can do, the pressure loss in the said lower end opening 48 in a ventilation process can be suppressed.

<5. Summary>
The checker brick 30 according to the first to fourth embodiments of the present invention and the hot stove 1 in which the checker brick 30 is stacked in the heat storage chamber 3 have been described above. According to the said 1st-4th embodiment, as the countermeasure against adhesion of the dust contained in the combustion exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 4 in the heat storage process, the upper end opening 37 ( 47) is expanded more than the lower end opening 38 (48).

  Thereby, even when the checker bricks 30 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction are displaced in the horizontal direction due to thermal expansion, the lower end opening 38 (48) of the gas flow path 32 (42) of the upper checker brick 30 is changed to the lower checker brick. The gas passages 32 (42) of the 30 are accommodated in the upper end openings 37 (47). Therefore, no step 15 is generated at the joint between the upper and lower gas flow paths 32 (42), so that dust can be prevented from adhering to the joint.

Further, according to the first to fourth embodiments, the difference in size between the upper end opening 37 (47) and the lower end opening 38 (48) of the gas flow path 32 (42) (for example, the flow path diameter difference φ ₂ − φ ₁ ) is equal to or greater than a margin D when the convex dowel 33 and the concave dowel 34 are fitted. The margin D corresponds to the maximum amount of horizontal displacement of the upper and lower checker bricks 30 and 30 due to thermal expansion. Therefore, even when the upper and lower checker bricks 30 and 30 are laterally displaced by the maximum displacement due to thermal expansion, as shown in FIGS. 9, 11, 15, 19, and 21, the upper gas flow path The lower end opening 38A (48A) of 32A (42A) is accommodated in the upper end opening 37B (47B) of the lower gas flow path 32B (42B). Accordingly, since the step 15 as in the conventional case does not occur at the joint between the upper and lower gas flow paths 32A and 32B (42A and 42B), it is possible to suitably prevent dust from being deposited on the joint.

  Further, according to the third to fourth embodiments, in the blowing process, in order to reduce the pressure loss at the joint portion of the gas flow path 32 (42), the gas flow path 32 (42) of the checker brick 30 is reduced. Lower end widened portions 53 and 54 are provided in the lower end opening 38 (48) to partially expand the lower end opening 38 (48). Thereby, even when the checker bricks 30 and 30 adjacent vertically are displaced in the horizontal direction, it is possible to achieve a structure that does not reduce the flow path cross-sectional area at the joint of the upper and lower gas flow paths 32 (42). Accordingly, in order to improve the heat storage efficiency of the checker brick 30, even if the flow path diameter φ of the gas flow path 32 (42) of the checker brick 30 is reduced, the joint portion between the upper and lower gas flow paths 32 (42). Since the cross-sectional area of the flow path can be secured, pressure loss at the joint can be reduced.

  Therefore, the checker brick 30 (for example, the checker brick 30 having both the flow path diameter φ and the distance between the flow channels of 15 mm) including the gas flow path 32 (42) having the small flow path diameter φ can be applied. Can be raised. As a result, it is possible to reduce the number of hot blast furnaces 1 of the same scale used for one blast furnace from four to three. Or it becomes possible to reduce the usage-amount of the checker brick 30 per hot-blast furnace required in order to obtain an equivalent amount of hot air. Therefore, the construction cost of the hot stove 1 can be reduced.

  Next, examples of the present invention will be described. The following examples are merely examples for explaining the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Table 1 shows the test conditions and performance (pressure loss index, presence / absence of dust adhesion, thermal efficiency) of checker bricks according to examples (No. 1 to 15) and comparative examples (No. 16 to 19) of the present invention. The evaluated test results are shown. In Table 1, for the surface area, the inner area of the gas flow path per checker brick was calculated, and the surface area of the checker brick that can be built in a 1 m ³ space was calculated. Regarding the volume, the actual volume of the checker brick per piece was calculated, and the actual volume of the checker brick that can be built in a space of 1 m ³ was calculated. The pressure loss index represents the difference between the pressure inside the furnace on the upper surface of the checker and the pressure inside the furnace on the lower surface of the checker during combustion. This index indicates the pressure in the checker during the heat storage process.

(1) Comparative example: No. 16-19
The checker brick according to the comparative example (conventional product) was made of clay brick (Al ₂ O ₃ content was about 45%). The checker brick according to the comparative example was manufactured with the shape of the gas flow path shown in FIG. 1 having four kinds of gas flow path diameters of φ36 mm or less and the brick height of 150 mm.

(2) Embodiment of the present invention: No. 1-15
The material of the checker brick according to the example of the present invention was clay brick (Al ₂ O ₃ content was about 45%), as in the comparative example.

  In consideration of thermal efficiency, the diameter of the gas flow path was set to three types of φ30 mm or less. The distance between the channels was set to four types of 17 mm, 15 mm, 13.5 mm, and 11 mm from the balance of the surface area and the volume, and an efficient combination was made. Moreover, as shown in Table 1, the hole shape of the gas flow path is a tapered hole (first embodiment: FIG. 6), a cylindrical hole + upper surface taper (second embodiment: FIG. 10 (a)), a cylindrical shape. Hole + upper surface R (second embodiment: FIG. 10B) taper hole + lower surface R (third embodiment: FIG. 12), cylindrical hole + upper and lower surfaces R (fourth embodiment: FIG. 20) Five types were prototyped.

  The manufacturing method of checker bricks is as follows. The kneaded material was put into a mold and pressed to mold a checker brick. In this molding process, it is necessary to press the checker brick in a state where it is displaced up and down in order to facilitate knockout (mold extraction) of the checker brick. Then, a die having a rod-shaped core tapered from the lower part and a convex dowel formed on the lower liner was used. Further, the molded checker brick was dried and then fired to produce a product.

(3) Evaluation results In the checker bricks according to the comparative examples (Nos. 16 to 19) in which a simple cylindrical gas flow path was formed, the adhesion of dust was observed on the upper surface of the checker bricks. On the other hand, for the checker brick according to the present embodiment, when the upper surface opening of the gas channel is expanded (No. 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 12, 14), the upper surface of the gas channel. When the opening is expanded and R processing is added to the lower end opening (No. 2, 6, 9, 11, 13, 15), and the upper surface opening of the gas flow path is expanded and the lower end opening is tapered. Even when the processing was applied (No. 7), no dust adhesion was observed. Therefore, in this embodiment, it can be seen that by expanding the upper end opening of the gas flow path of the checker brick, it is possible to prevent dust from adhering to the joints of the upper and lower gas flow paths in the heat storage process.

  In addition, Examples (No. 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15) provided with tapered gas passages penetrating the checker brick vertically are compared. Example No. It can be seen that the pressure loss in the heat storage process is small and efficient as compared with those having the same channel diameter in 16-19. In addition, Examples (Nos. 2, 6, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15) in which the lower cross section of the gas flow path is expanded are also Comparative Examples No. Although it turns out that the pressure loss in a heat storage process becomes small compared with the thing of the same flow path diameter in 16-19, since there is no reduction | decrease of a flow-path cross section, it is self-evident that the pressure loss in a ventilation process also becomes small. Furthermore, the examples (Nos. 2, 6, 9, 11, and 13) in which the tapered gas flow path is provided and the lower cross section of the gas flow path is expanded include only the tapered gas flow path. Compared to the examples (No. 1, 3, 8, 10, 12, 14), it can be seen that the pressure loss is reduced and the efficiency is improved.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is obvious that a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can come up with various changes or modifications within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims. Of course, it is understood that these also belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

  For example, in the said embodiment, as shown to Fig.22 (a), the several checker brick 30 was lap-stacked in the thermal storage chamber 3, However, The stacking method of the checker brick of this invention is not limited to this example. For example, as shown in FIG. 22 (b), a plurality of checker bricks 30 may be stacked in a so-called chimney. Chimney stacking is a stacking method in which a plurality of checker bricks 30 are simply stacked in the vertical direction without shifting the horizontal position of the checker bricks 30 and 30 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hot blast furnace 2 Basic 3 Thermal storage chamber 4 Combustion chamber 5 Chimney 6 Gas pipe 7 Air pipe 8 Burner 9 Connection pipe 10 Thermal storage area 11 Exhaust gas outlet 12 Cold wind inlet 13 Hot air outlet 15 Step 16 Dust 30 Checker brick 31 Brick main body 32, 42 Gas Flow path 33 Convex dowel 34 Concave dowel 35 Upper surface 36 Lower surface 37, 47 Upper end opening 38, 48 Lower end opening 39 Side 39a Gap 40, 41 Gas flow path 43, 44 Upper end expanded portion 53, 54 Lower end expanded portion

Claims (7)

In hot stove checker bricks stacked in the heat storage chamber of a hot stove,
A hexagonal columnar brick body,
A plurality of gas passages penetrating the brick body in the vertical direction;
A convex dowel provided on one of the upper surface or the lower surface of the brick body;
A concave dowel provided on the other of the upper surface or the lower surface of the brick body, and having a shape that can be fitted to the convex dowel,
With
The upper end opening of the gas passage on the upper surface of the brick body is larger than the lower end opening of the gas passage on the lower surface of the brick body,
When a plurality of checker bricks are stacked, the convex dowels and the concave dowels of the checker bricks adjacent to each other in the vertical direction are fitted, and the gas flow paths of the checker bricks adjacent to each other in the vertical direction are mutually connected. The upper end opening of the gas flow path of the lower checker brick includes the lower end opening of the gas flow path of the upper checker brick ,
The difference in size between the upper end opening and the lower end opening of the gas flow path is equal to or more than a margin allowance between the convex dowel and the concave dowel,
The lower end opening of the gas flow path is formed with a lower end widened portion that partially expands the lower end of the gas flow path, and the lower end widened portion is smaller than the upper end opening of the gas flow path. ,
The checker brick according to claim 1, wherein a difference in size between the lower end widened portion and the upper end opening of the gas flow path is equal to or larger than a margin between the convex dowels and the concave dowels . 2. The checker brick according to claim 1 , wherein the gas flow path includes a tapered hole extending from a lower surface side to an upper surface side of the brick body. The gas flow path comprises a through hole having a constant cross-sectional area in the vertical direction,
The upper end opening of the gas passage, characterized in that the upper flared portion flared upper end of the gas flow path partially is formed, the checker brick of claim 1. A part of the gas flow path is formed at a position corresponding to the concave dowel, and a lower end opening of the gas flow path formed at a position corresponding to the concave dowel is smaller than the concave dowel. The checker brick according to any one of claims 1 to 3 . Wherein each convex dowel and the concave dowels, and which are located 3 or 6 on the upper surface or the lower surface of the brick body, the checker brick according to any one of claims 1-4. In a hot stove comprising a heat storage chamber in which a plurality of checker bricks according to any one of claims 1 to 5 are stacked, and a combustion chamber communicating with the heat storage chamber,
The convex dowels and the concave dowels of the checker bricks adjacent to each other in the vertical direction are fitted, and the gas flow paths of the checker bricks adjacent to each other in the vertical direction communicate with each other, so that the gas of the lower checker bricks The upper end opening of the flow path includes the lower end opening of the gas flow path of the upper checker brick,
In the step of storing heat in the heat storage chamber, the gas that has flowed from the combustion chamber into the upper portion of the heat storage chamber flows downward through the mutually connected gas flow paths,
In the step of sending hot air from the heat storage chamber, the air flowing in from the lower portion of the heat storage chamber flows upward through the gas flow paths communicating with each other. As the checker brick of odd-numbered stage and even-numbered stage checker bricks are displaced in a horizontal direction, and the plurality of checker bricks are stacked in multiple stages in the heat storage chamber, to claim 6 The hot stove described.