JP5445519B2 - 空気入りタイヤ及び空気入りタイヤの製造方法 - Google Patents
空気入りタイヤ及び空気入りタイヤの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5445519B2 JP5445519B2 JP2011132513A JP2011132513A JP5445519B2 JP 5445519 B2 JP5445519 B2 JP 5445519B2 JP 2011132513 A JP2011132513 A JP 2011132513A JP 2011132513 A JP2011132513 A JP 2011132513A JP 5445519 B2 JP5445519 B2 JP 5445519B2
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- annular structure
- rubber layer
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
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- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- BNCADMBVWNPPIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n,2-n,4-n,4-n,6-n,6-n-hexakis(methoxymethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound COCN(COC)C1=NC(N(COC)COC)=NC(N(COC)COC)=N1 BNCADMBVWNPPIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 2
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- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VTHOKNTVYKTUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(3-triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfanyl)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCSSSSCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC VTHOKNTVYKTUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNSPFAOULBTYBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].C#C Chemical group [O].C#C LNSPFAOULBTYBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
- B60C9/02—Carcasses
- B60C9/16—Carcasses built-up with metallic reinforcing inlays
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
- B29D30/08—Building tyres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
- B29D30/70—Annular breakers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
- B60C9/18—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
- B60C9/18—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
- B60C9/28—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers characterised by the belt or breaker dimensions or curvature relative to carcass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
- B29D30/38—Textile inserts, e.g. cord or canvas layers, for tyres; Treatment of inserts prior to building the tyre
- B29D2030/383—Chemical treatment of the reinforcing elements, e.g. cords, wires and filamentary materials, to increase the adhesion to the rubber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
- B60C9/0007—Reinforcements made of metallic elements, e.g. cords, yarns, filaments or fibres made from metal
- B60C2009/0014—Surface treatments of steel cords
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
- B60C9/18—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
- B60C9/28—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers characterised by the belt or breaker dimensions or curvature relative to carcass
- B60C2009/283—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers characterised by the belt or breaker dimensions or curvature relative to carcass characterised by belt curvature
- B60C2009/286—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers characterised by the belt or breaker dimensions or curvature relative to carcass characterised by belt curvature being substantially flat
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/0008—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts characterised by the tread rubber
- B60C2011/0016—Physical properties or dimensions
- B60C2011/0025—Modulus or tan delta
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J183/00—Adhesives based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J183/04—Polysiloxanes
- C09J183/06—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/50—Treatment of iron or alloys based thereon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T152/00—Resilient tires and wheels
- Y10T152/10—Tires, resilient
- Y10T152/10135—Armored
- Y10T152/10171—Casing construction
- Y10T152/1018—Embedded
- Y10T152/10189—Metal
- Y10T152/10207—Annular
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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- Y10T152/10—Tires, resilient
- Y10T152/10495—Pneumatic tire or inner tube
- Y10T152/10765—Characterized by belt or breaker structure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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- Y10T152/10—Tires, resilient
- Y10T152/10495—Pneumatic tire or inner tube
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- Y10T152/10774—Consisting of only one ply
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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- Y10T152/10—Tires, resilient
- Y10T152/10495—Pneumatic tire or inner tube
- Y10T152/10855—Characterized by the carcass, carcass material, or physical arrangement of the carcass materials
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
- Tyre Moulding (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
Description
[試験片1]
表面に粗面化処理を行わない析出硬化系ステンレス鋼板(算術平均粗さRa=0.1μm)に対して、以下の配合のゴムを加硫接着した。
天然ゴム・・・・・・・・・・・・・100質量部
カーボンブラック・・・・・・・・・60質量部
亜鉛華・・・・・・・・・・・・・・5質量部
老化防止剤・・・・・・・・・・・・1質量部
イオウ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・6質量部
促進剤・・・・・・・・・・・・・・1質量部
フェノール樹脂・・・・・・・・・・3質量部
ヘキサメトキシメチルメラミン・・・3質量部
加硫時間は、150℃で30分間であった。
[試験片2]
析出硬化系ステンレス鋼板の表面に対し、サンドブラスト法により粗面化処理を行った。粗面化処理後の算術平均粗さRaは、2μmであった。得られた鋼板に対して、試験片1を作製する際に用いた配合のゴムを、試験片1と同様の条件で加硫接着した。
[試験片3]
析出硬化系ステンレス鋼板の表面に対し、以下の方法により粗面化処理を行った。鋼板を、硫酸と蓚酸との混合液に浸して、鋼板表面の不動態皮膜を除去した。除去後の算術平均粗さRaは、5μmであった。次いで、鋼板を酢酸を含むビス(3−トリエトキシシリルプロピル)テトラスルフィド溶液に浸した。次いで、鋼板表面に試験片1を作製する際に用いた配合のゴムを、試験片1と同様の条件で加硫接着した。
2 構造体
2S 両側
10、10a、10b 環状構造体
10so 外側
10si 内側
10T 凹凸部
11 ゴム層
11so 外側
11si 内側
12 カーカス部
12F 繊維
12R ゴム
13 ビード部
14 インナーライナー
20 板材
200 接着ゴム層
201 溶接部
S 溝
Claims (10)
- 円筒形状かつ金属であって、少なくとも径方向の外側面が粗面化処理により形成された粗面である環状構造体と、
前記環状構造体の外側に、前記環状構造体の周方向に向かって設けられてトレッド部となるトレッドゴム層と、
ゴムで被覆された繊維を有し、前記環状構造体と前記トレッドゴム層とを含む円筒形状の構造体の中心軸と平行な方向における両側に少なくとも設けられるカーカス部と、を含み、
前記環状構造体は、複数の貫通孔を有することを特徴とする空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記環状構造体は、径方向の内側面が粗面である請求項1に記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 粗面である前記径方向の外側面は、算術平均粗さRaが0.5μm以上50μm以下である請求項1又は2に記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 粗面である前記径方向の内側面は、算術平均粗さRaが0.5μm以上50μm以下である請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記トレッドゴム層のJIS硬度が46以上88以下であり、前記トレッドゴム層が前記環状構造体と接している請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- JIS硬度が46以上88以下であり、前記トレッドゴム層と前記環状構造体とを接着する接着ゴム層を含む請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記環状構造体はステンレス鋼であり、粗面である前記径方向の外側面、又は粗面である前記径方向の外側面及び粗面である前記径方向の内側面のうち少なくとも一方の面は、前記ステンレス鋼の不動態皮膜を除去する処理を含む粗面化処理がされている請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記環状構造体は、析出硬化系ステンレス鋼である請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記粗面化処理は、酸処理である請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 円筒形状かつ金属であって、少なくとも径方向の外側面が粗面である環状構造体と、
前記環状構造体の外側に、前記環状構造体の周方向に向かって設けられてトレッド部となるトレッドゴム層と、
ゴムで被覆された繊維を有し、前記環状構造体と前記トレッドゴム層とを含む円筒形状の構造体の中心軸と平行な方向における両側に少なくとも設けられるカーカス部と、
を含む空気入りタイヤの製造方法であって、
粗面化処理することにより、少なくとも径方向の外側面が粗面化された環状構造体を得る手順と、
前記環状構造体に複数の貫通孔を設ける手順と、
前記環状構造体の外側に未加硫のトレッドゴム層を配置する手順と、
前記未加硫のトレッドゴム層を加硫して前記トレッドゴム層と前記環状構造体とを結合させる手順と、
を含む空気入りタイヤの製造方法。
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JP2011132513A JP5445519B2 (ja) | 2011-06-14 | 2011-06-14 | 空気入りタイヤ及び空気入りタイヤの製造方法 |
DE112012002467.2T DE112012002467T5 (de) | 2011-06-14 | 2012-06-12 | Luftreifen und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Luftreifens |
US14/125,898 US10173471B2 (en) | 2011-06-14 | 2012-06-12 | Pneumatic tire with cylindrical metal annular structure and method of manufacturing same |
PCT/JP2012/065033 WO2012173121A1 (ja) | 2011-06-14 | 2012-06-12 | 空気入りタイヤ及び空気入りタイヤの製造方法 |
CN201280028692.XA CN103608191B (zh) | 2011-06-14 | 2012-06-12 | 充气轮胎及充气轮胎的制造方法 |
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JP6299109B2 (ja) * | 2013-08-21 | 2018-03-28 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | 空気入りタイヤ及び空気入りタイヤの製造方法 |
JP6273763B2 (ja) * | 2013-10-22 | 2018-02-07 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | 空気入りタイヤ |
JP6488543B2 (ja) | 2013-12-27 | 2019-03-27 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | 空気入りタイヤ |
US20180141379A1 (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2018-05-24 | Bridgestone Corporation | Tire |
CN111038183A (zh) * | 2018-10-11 | 2020-04-21 | 石强 | 一种输送车及胶轮 |
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- 2012-06-12 US US14/125,898 patent/US10173471B2/en active Active
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CN103608191A (zh) | 2014-02-26 |
US20140110034A1 (en) | 2014-04-24 |
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JP2013001193A (ja) | 2013-01-07 |
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