JP5442145B1 - 焼結軸受 - Google Patents
焼結軸受 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5442145B1 JP5442145B1 JP2013040712A JP2013040712A JP5442145B1 JP 5442145 B1 JP5442145 B1 JP 5442145B1 JP 2013040712 A JP2013040712 A JP 2013040712A JP 2013040712 A JP2013040712 A JP 2013040712A JP 5442145 B1 JP5442145 B1 JP 5442145B1
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 66
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 30
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910002549 Fe–Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- IYRDVAUFQZOLSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper iron Chemical compound [Fe].[Cu] IYRDVAUFQZOLSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009766 low-temperature sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910017755 Cu-Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017927 Cu—Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001035 Soft ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000905 alloy phase Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001203 Alloy 20 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
- F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
- F16C33/103—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant retained in or near the bearing
- F16C33/104—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant retained in or near the bearing in a porous body, e.g. oil impregnated sintered sleeve
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/17—Metallic particles coated with metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
- F16C33/121—Use of special materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
- F16C33/128—Porous bearings, e.g. bushes of sintered alloy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/14—Special methods of manufacture; Running-in
- F16C33/145—Special methods of manufacture; Running-in of sintered porous bearings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/02—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
- F16C2204/10—Alloys based on copper
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
- F16C2204/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】軸受面4aを有する焼結軸受4であって、鉄粉12の表面に銅粉13を部分拡散させてなる部分拡散合金粉11と、低融点金属粉としての錫粉14と、固体潤滑剤粉としての黒鉛粉とを含む原料粉末10を成形し、焼結した焼結体4”からなり、300MPa以上の圧環強度を有する。
【選択図】図4
Description
この工程では、後述する複数種の粉末を混合することにより、焼結軸受4の作製用材料である原料粉末を生成する。本実施形態で使用する原料粉末は、部分拡散合金粉を主原料とし、これに低融点金属粉および固体潤滑剤粉を配合した混合粉末である。この原料粉末には、必要に応じて各種成形助剤(例えば、離型性向上のための潤滑剤)を添加しても良い。以下、上記の各粉末について詳細に述べる。
部分拡散合金粉11としては、鉄粉12の表面に銅粉13を部分拡散させたFe−Cu部分拡散合金粉が使用され、特に、本実施形態では、図4に模式的に示すように、銅粉13によって鉄粉12の表面のほぼ全域が覆われた(鉄粉12の表面のほぼ全域を覆うようにして多数の銅粉13が鉄粉12表面に部分拡散した)Fe−Cu部分拡散合金粉が使用される。部分拡散合金粉11の拡散部分はFe−Cu合金を形成しており、図4中の部分拡大図に示すように、合金部分は鉄原子12aと銅原子13aとが相互に結合し、配列した結晶構造を有する。部分拡散合金粉11は、145メッシュの篩の網目を通過可能な粒子、すなわち平均粒度145メッシュ以下(平均粒径106μm以下)の粒子のみが使用される。なお、粉末はその粒径が小さくなるほど軽量になり、浮遊し易くなることから、原料粉末中に小粒径の部分拡散合金粉11が多く含まれていると、後述する圧粉工程において成形金型(キャビティ)に対する原料粉末の充填性が低下し、所定形状・密度の圧粉体を安定的に得ることが難しくなる。具体的には、粒径45μm以下の部分拡散合金粉11が25質量%以上含まれていると、上記の問題が生じ易くなることを本発明者らは見出した。従って、部分拡散合金粉11としては、平均粒度145メッシュ以下(平均粒径106μm以下)で、かつ平均粒度350メッシュ(平均粒径45μm)以下の粒子を25質量%以上含まないものを選択使用するのが望ましい。
低融点金属粉としては、融点が700℃以下の金属粉、例えば錫、亜鉛、リン等の粉末が使用される。本実施形態では、これらの中でも焼結時の蒸散が少ない錫粉14(図6参照)、特にアトマイズ錫粉を使用する。錫粉(アトマイズ錫粉)14としては、平均粒径5〜63μmのものが好ましく使用され、平均粒径20〜45μmのものが一層好ましく使用される。
固体潤滑剤としては、黒鉛、二硫化モリブデン、ステアリン酸亜鉛等の粉末を一種又は二種以上使用することができる。本実施形態では、コストを考えて黒鉛粉、特に鱗片状黒鉛粉を使用する。
圧粉工程では、図5(a)(b)に示すような成形金型20を使用して上記の原料粉末10を圧縮することにより、図1等に示す焼結軸受4に近似した形状(略完成品形状)の圧粉体4’を得る。成形金型20は、主要な構成として、同軸配置されたコア21、上下パンチ22,23およびダイ24を有する。成形金型20は、例えばカム式成形プレス機のダイセットにセットされる。
焼結工程では、圧粉体4’を焼結し、焼結体を得る。焼結条件は、黒鉛(黒鉛粉)に含まれる炭素が鉄と反応しない(炭素の拡散が生じない)条件とする。鉄−炭素の平衡状態では、723℃に変態点があり、これを超えると鉄と炭素の反応が開始されて鉄組織中にパーライト相(γFe)が生成されるが、焼結では900℃を超えてから炭素(黒鉛)と鉄の反応が始まり、パーライト相(γFe)が生成される。パーライト相(γFe)は高硬度(HV300以上)で相手材に対する攻撃性が強いため、焼結軸受4の鉄組織中に過剰にパーライト相(γFe)が存在すると、軸3の摩耗を進行させるおそれがある。また、一般的な焼結軸受の製造工程では、ブタン、プロパン等の液化石油ガスと空気を混合してNi触媒で熱分解させた吸熱型ガス(RXガス)の雰囲気下で圧粉体を加熱・焼結させる場合が多い。しかしながら、吸熱型ガスでは炭素が拡散して圧粉体の表面を硬化させるおそれがあり、上記同様の問題が生じ易くなる。
2 ハウジング
3 軸
4 焼結軸受
4’ 圧粉体
4” 焼結体
4a 軸受面
10 原料粉末
11 部分拡散合金粉
12 鉄粉
13 銅粉
14 錫粉(低融点金属粉)
16 青銅相
17 Fe−Cu−Sn合金
20 成形金型
αFe フェライト相
γFe パーライト相
M モータ部
W 錘
Claims (9)
- 支持すべき軸との間に軸受隙間を形成する軸受面を内周に有する焼結軸受であって、
還元鉄粉に、銅粉を部分拡散させてなる部分拡散合金粉と、低融点金属粉と、固体潤滑剤粉とを含む原料粉末を成形し、焼結した焼結体からなり、焼結体がCuを10〜30質量%含有すると共に、その圧環強度が300MPa以上であり、焼結体の全ての鉄組織および銅組織が前記部分拡散合金粉を主体として形成され、焼結体に潤滑油が含浸されており、かつ潤滑油が前記還元鉄粉の気孔に保持されていることを特徴とする焼結軸受。 - 部分拡散合金粉は、平均粒径5μm以上20μm未満の銅粉が鉄粉に部分拡散し、かつCuを10〜30質量%含有するものである請求項1記載の焼結軸受。
- 平均粒度145メッシュ以下の部分拡散合金粉を使用した請求項1又は2に記載の焼結軸受。
- 低融点金属粉として錫粉、固体潤滑剤粉として黒鉛粉が使用され、焼結体が、Snを0.5〜3.0質量%、Cを0.3〜1.5質量%含有し、残部が鉄および不可避的不純物からなる請求項1〜3の何れか一項に記載の焼結軸受。
- 焼結体の鉄組織がフェライト相を主体としている請求項4記載の焼結軸受。
- 鉄組織をフェライト相と、フェライト相の粒界に存在するパーライト相とで形成した請求項5記載の焼結軸受。
- 焼結体の表層部の気孔率が5〜20%である請求項1〜6の何れか一項に記載の焼結軸受。
- 焼結体に、40℃の動粘度が10〜50mm2/sの潤滑油を含浸させた請求項1〜7の何れか一項に記載の焼結軸受。
- 振動モータに組み込んで使用される請求項1〜8の何れか一項に記載の焼結軸受。
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CN201380055147.4A CN104755775B (zh) | 2012-10-24 | 2013-10-23 | 烧结轴承 |
EP13849722.7A EP2913546B1 (en) | 2012-10-24 | 2013-10-23 | Manufacturing process of a sintered bearing |
PCT/JP2013/078686 WO2014065316A1 (ja) | 2012-10-24 | 2013-10-23 | 焼結軸受 |
CN201810907132.0A CN109014218B (zh) | 2012-10-24 | 2013-10-23 | 烧结轴承 |
US14/435,533 US10590990B2 (en) | 2012-10-24 | 2013-10-23 | Sintered bearing |
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US12129891B2 (en) | 2015-03-27 | 2024-10-29 | Ntn Corporation | Sintered bearing and method of manufacturing same |
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US10590990B2 (en) | 2020-03-17 |
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