JP5432703B2 - 組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター - Google Patents
組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター Download PDFInfo
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- JP5432703B2 JP5432703B2 JP2009500604A JP2009500604A JP5432703B2 JP 5432703 B2 JP5432703 B2 JP 5432703B2 JP 2009500604 A JP2009500604 A JP 2009500604A JP 2009500604 A JP2009500604 A JP 2009500604A JP 5432703 B2 JP5432703 B2 JP 5432703B2
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Description
・ウイルスと細胞
救出された組み換えNDV及びインフルエンザウイルス単離株A/ニワトリ/イタリア/8/98を、特定病原体が除去された(SPF)10日齢の有胚のニワトリの卵中で増殖させた。強毒性NDV株Herts33/56及びNDVクローン30ワクチン(Nobilis(R))を使用した。
NDVゲノム上のヌクレオチド位置及びNDVタンパク質中のアミノ酸残基上を特定するために、本明細書において使用されている括弧内の付番は、Romer−Oberdorderら(J.Gen.Virol.80,2987−2995,1999,EMBL受入番号Y18898)によって記載されているとおりである。rNDV/AIVH5−Aに対する人工のMluI制限部位(PH5F1:5’−cta aac gcg taa aat gga gaa aat agt gc−3’(配列番号5)及びPH5R1:5’−tcg gac gag ttt aaa tgc aaa ttc tgc act g−3’(配列番号6)、MluI部位には下線が付されている。)並びにrNDV/AIVH5−Bに対するNcoI又はAflII部位(PH5F2:5’−cct tcc atg gag aaa ata gtg ctt c−3’(配列番号7)及びPH5R2:5’−cct cct taa gta taa ttg act caa tta aat gca aat tct gca ctg caa tga tcc−3’(配列番号8)、制限部位には下線が付されている。)を有する特異的なプライマーによってプラスミドpCD−HA5(Luschow et al.,上記)から増幅されたAIVH5遺伝子を導入するために、クローン30の完全長アンチゲノムRNAを発現する(Romer−Oberdorferら、上記)プラスミドpflNDVを使用した。クローン30アンチゲノム(図1A)中へのH5の導入は、GFP挿入に関して以前に記載されたように(Engel−Herbert et al.,J.Virol.Methods 108,19−28,2003)、MluI部位を用いて行った。簡潔に述べると、完全長プラスミドpflNDV/AIVH5−Aの構築のために、NDVのF及びHN遺伝子の間の最小遺伝子カセット中にH5OFRを挿入するために使用された人工MluI部位を含有するプライマーを用いて、H5ORFを増幅した。rNDV/AlVH5−Bの作製のためのAIVH5遺伝子を含有する完全長プラスミドの構築は、図1Bに記載されている。突然変異導入反応は、QuikChange(R)IIXL位置指定突然変異導入キット(Stratagene)を用いて行った。この目的のために、クローン30ゲノムのNotIBsiWI断片(ヌクレオチド4953−8825)を含有するpUC18プラスミド(pUCNDV1)及び突然変異導入A(図1B)のための以下のプライマーMP1(5’−gac aac agt cct caa cca tgg acc gcg ccg−3’)(配列番号9)及びMP2(5’−ctg gct agt tga gtc aat tct taa gga gtt gga aag atg gc−3’)(配列番号10)を使用して、新たに作出されたNcoI及びAflII部位を有するプラスミドpUCNDVIaを得た(プライマー中の制限部位には、下線が付されている。)。NcoI及びAflIIでの消化後、増幅されたAIVH5ORFによって、クローン30のHNOFRを置換した。pUCNDVHSのL遺伝子の前の遺伝子間領域中にSgfI−及びSnaBI部位を作出し、pUCNDV/AIVH5−1bをもたらす突然変異導入Bに関しては(図1B)、プライマーMP3(5’−caa aac agc tca tgg tac gta ata cgg gta gga cat gg−3’)(配列番号11)及びMP4(5’−gta agt ggc aat gcg atc gca ggc aaa aca gct cat gg−3’)(配列番号12)を使用した。MP3及びMP5(5’−gaa aaa act acc ggc gat cgc tga cca aag gac gat ata cgg g −3’)(配列番号13)を用いて突然変異導入Cを行い、プラスミドpUCNDVH5 1b中のL遺伝子の前の遺伝子間領域中にクローン30HN遺伝子を導入するために使用したSgfI及びSnaBI部位を取得するためのプラスミドpUCNDVIcを得た。最後に、pflNDV−1のNotI/BsiWI断片を、pUCNDVH5 1cのNotI/BsiWI断片によって置換した(図1B)。生成された新しい完全長ゲノムの長さは、6の倍数に相当する(rNDV/AIVH5−Aに関しては16938ヌクレオチド及びrNDV/AIVH5−Bに関しては17196ヌクレオチド)。
形質移入実験、ウイルス増殖及び伝染性ウイルスの回収の確認は、以前に記載されたとおりに実施した(Romer−Oberdorfer et al.,上記;Engel−Herbert et al.,上記)。唯一の差は、形質移入のために20μgのDNAの総量(完全長ゲノム含有プラスミド10μg、pCiteNP6μg、pCiteP2μg及びpCiteL2μg)を使用したことであった。
以前に記載されたプラスミドpfINDVのF及びHN遺伝子の間に、AIVH5翻訳領域を挿入した(Romer−Oberdorfer et al.,上記)。この目的のために、pfINDVoligo1の唯一のMluI制限部位中にAIVH5OFRを挿入するために使用されたMluI制限部位を有する特異的プライマーによって、プラスミドCD−HA5(Luschow et al.,上記)からAIV単離株A/ニワトリ/イタリア/8/98(H5N2)のAIVH5ORFを増幅し(Engel−Herbert et al.,上記)、プラスミドpflNDV/AIVH5−Aを得た(図1A)。この構築物中において、AIVH5ORFは、NDVのF及びHN遺伝子間の遺伝子間領域中で、人工の遺伝子開始(GS)及び遺伝子終了(GE)配列と隣接していた。完全長プラスミドpflNDV/AlVH5−Bの構築のために、プラスミドpUCNDV1aのHNORFを、NcoI/AflII断片として増幅されたH5FRによって置換した(図1B)。得られたプラスミドpUCNDVH5中において、H5遺伝子の下流の遺伝子間領域中にSgfI及びSnaBI制限部位を作製して、プラスミドpUCNDVH5 1bを得た(図1B)。その中でHN遺伝子がSgfI及びSnaBI制限部位とも隣接しているプラスミドpUCNDVIcから得られたHN遺伝子を導入するために、作製されたSgfI及びSnaBI制限部位を使用した(図1B)。最後に、pflNDVのNotI/BsWI断片を置換するために、得られたプラスミドpUCNDVH5 1cを使用した(図1B)。NDVHNの非コード領域が転写調節要素(GS、GE)及びH5ORFの間にさらに挿入されていたので、構築されたpflNDV/AIVH5−Bは、プラスミドpflNDV/AIVH5−Aとは異なる。
・RNA分析
細胞当り10の感染効率で、CEF細胞をNDVクローン30、rNDV/AIVH5−A、rNDV/AIVH5−B及びAIVA/ニワトリ/イタリア/8/98(H5N2)に感染させ、37℃で8時間温置した。感染細胞及び非感染細胞の全RNAを調製し、変性アガロースゲル中で分離し、放射線標識されたcRNAとハイブリッド形成させた。32P標識されたcRNAのインビトロ転写のために、それぞれ、AIVA/ニワトリ/イタリア/8/98(H5N2)H5及びNDVクローン30HNの翻訳領域を含有するプラスミドpCD−HA5及びpCD−NDVHNを使用した(SP6/T7 Transcription kit,Roche)。
CEK細胞をNDVクローン30、rNDV/AIVH5−A、rNDV/AIVH5−B及びAIVA/ニワトリ/イタリア/8/98(H5N2)に感染させ、37℃で20時間温置した。SDS−PAGE(約104細胞/レーン)によって、感染細胞及び非感染対照細胞の可溶化液を分離し、ニトロセルロースフィルター(Trans−Blot(R)SD cell,Bio−Rad)に転写した。それぞれ、1:20000及び1:2500の希釈で、NDVに対するポリクローナルウサギ抗血清又はサブタイプH5のAIVに対するポリクローナルニワトリ抗血清とともにブロットを温置した。X線フィルム(Hyperfilm(R)MP,Amersham)上のSuperSigna(R)West Pico Chemiluminescent Substrate(Pierce)を使用する化学発光によって、ペルオキシダーゼが連結された種特異的二次抗体の結合を検出した。
間接IF試験のために、CEK細胞をNDVクローン30、rNDV/AIVH5−A、rNDV/AIVH5−B及びAIVA/ニワトリ/イタリア/8/98(H5N2)に、低いMOIで20時間感染させた。メタノール及びアセトン(1:1)で固定した後、続いて、それぞれ、1:3000及び1:100の希釈で、NDVに対するポリクローナルウサギ抗血清又はサブタイプH5のAIVに対するポリクローナルニワトリ抗血清の何れかとともに細胞を温置した。抗ウサギIgGのF(ab)2断片及びフルオレセイン連結された抗ニワトリIgG抗体試料との温置後、慣用の蛍光顕微鏡によって、試料を分析した。
Formvarで被覆された銅の格子に、ウイルス粒子を7分間吸着させた。0.5%ウシ血清アルブミンを含有するPBSで格子を4回洗浄し、続いて、NDV特異的又はAIVサブタイプH5特異的抗血清とともに45分間温置した。PBで数回洗浄した後、プロテインAゴールド(10nm,PAG10,Biocell International)又はウサギ抗ニワトリゴールド(10nm,RCHL10,Biocell International)とともに、格子をさらに45分間温置した。PBでの最終洗浄後、リンタングステン酸(PTA、pH7.2)でウイルス粒子を対比し、電子顕微鏡を用いて調べた。
組み換えrNDV/AIVH5−A及びrNDV/AIVH5−Bによる保護の評価:
1日齢のニワトリを、2つの群へ無作為に割り振り、スプレーを介して、rNDV/AIVH5−Aの106EID50又は市販のNDVクローン30ワクチン(Nobilis(R),Intervet,NL)を眼鼻的にワクチン接種した。28日齢の時点で、同じように、第二の免疫化を施した。第二の免疫化から12日後に、HI試験によって、NDV及びAIVH5抗体の存在を評価するために血液を集めた。第二のワクチン接種から2週後に、免疫化された群を分け、高度に病原性のAIV単離株A/ニワトリ/イタリア/8/98(H5N2)の108EID50で、眼鼻的に各群の一部に攻撃誘発を行った。残りのニワトリは、強毒性NDVに対するワクチンの防御効果を評価するために使用した。従って、トリ及びさらなる対照動物は、筋肉内に、NDV株Herts33/56の105.3EID50を受けた。
上述のものと実質的に同一の方法及び材料を用いて(Engel−Herbert et al.,上記)、以前に記載されたプラスミドpflNDV(Romer−Oberdorfer et al.,上記)のF及びHN遺伝子間にH5AIV遺伝子を担持するNDVベクター構築物が作製されたが、ここでは、H5挿入物は、NDVF−遺伝子由来の非コード領域と隣接していた。
pUCIRAMLUの約4.3kbのMluI−NcoI断片の、MluI−NcoIによって消化されたOFVOF/OFVORオリゴハイブリッドとの連結。得られたプラスミドは、pUC1RA2と名付けられた。
類似の技術を使用し、異なる挿入遺伝子及び異なる挿入部位を用いて、幾つかの他の挿入物をNDVベクター中に作製した。
本発明の有利な効果(recMVビリオン中の外来タンパク質の発現及び/又は提示を増加させるためのMV遺伝子非コード領域の使用)は、パラミクソウイルス科を超えて及ぶことを実証するために、無関係なウイルスであるウマ伝染性貧血ウイルス(EIAV)から得られたエンベロープタンパク質を発現させるためのベクターとして、ラブドウイルス科のメンバーである狂犬病ウイルスを使用した。
レーン2:ORA−D骨格ウイルス:
レーン3:狂犬病G及びL遺伝子の間に挿入され、隣接するncrを持たないEIAV−env遺伝子を含むRV−env
レーン4:狂犬病ウイルスGタンパク質のncr領域に隣接するEIAV−env遺伝子を含むRV−envG
両組み換え狂犬病ウイルスは、同等の感染力価を与え、インビトロでの複数回の継代後に、EIAV−env遺伝子挿入物を安定に発現した。
Claims (25)
- 上流のモノネガウイルス目ウイルス遺伝子開始(GS)配列及び下流のモノネガウイルス目ウイルス遺伝子終了(GE)配列と作用可能に連結された外来遺伝子を含む追加の転写単位を保有する組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクターであり、モノネガウイルス目ウイルス遺伝子の3’非コード領域(ゲノムセンス)が前記GS配列と前記外来遺伝子の開始コドンとの間に位置し、モノネガウイルス目ウイルス遺伝子の5’非コード領域(ゲノムセンス)が前記外来遺伝子の停止コドンと前記GE配列の間に位置していることを特徴とする、前記組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- 3’及び5’非コード領域が、モノネガウイルス目ウイルスのエンベロープをコードする遺伝子のものであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- 3’及び5’非コード領域が、M、G、F又はHN遺伝子のものであることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- 3’及び5’非コード領域が、モノネガウイルス目ウイルスのRNPタンパク質をコードする遺伝子のものであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- 外来遺伝子が病原体の抗原をコードすることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- 外来遺伝子が免疫調節物質をコードすることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- モノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクターがラブドウイルス科のウイルスであることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- モノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクターが狂犬病ウイルスであることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- モノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクターが伝染性造血器壊死症ウイルスであることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- 3’及び5’非コード領域が、N、P、M又はG遺伝子のものであることを特徴とする請求項7〜9のいずれか1項に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- 追加の転写単位が、3’近位に、又はP遺伝子とM遺伝子の間に、又はM遺伝子とG遺伝子の間に、又はG遺伝子とL遺伝子の間に位置することを特徴とする請求項7〜10のいずれか1項に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- モノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクターがパラミクソウイルス科のウイルスであることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- モノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクターがニューキャッスル病ウイルス、イヌジステンパーウイルス又はウシパラインフルエンザウイルスであることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- 3’及び5’非コード領域が、NP、P、M、F又はHN遺伝子のものであることを特徴とする請求項12又は13に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- 追加の転写単位が、3’近位に、又はP遺伝子とM遺伝子の間に、又はM遺伝子とF遺伝子の間に、又はF遺伝子とHN遺伝子の間に、又はHN遺伝子とL遺伝子の間に位置することを特徴とする請求項12〜14のいずれか1項に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- モノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクターがニューキャッスル病ウイルスであることを特徴とする請求項12〜15のいずれか1項に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- 追加の転写単位がF遺伝子とHN遺伝子の間に位置することを特徴とする請求項16に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- 3’及び5’非コード領域がHN遺伝子のものであることを特徴とする請求項16又は17に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- 外来遺伝子がトリ病原体の抗原をコードすることを特徴とする請求項16〜18のいずれか1項に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- 外来遺伝子がインフルエンザウイルスのヘマグルチニン(HA)をコードすることを特徴とする請求項16〜19のいずれか1項に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- 外来遺伝子がインフルエンザウイルスのH5又はH7ヘマグルチニンをコードすることを特徴とする請求項20に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- モノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクターが弱毒化ウイルスであることを特徴とする請求項1〜21のいずれか1項に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター。
- 生又は不活化形態の、請求項1〜22のいずれか1項に記載の組み換えモノネガウイルス目ウイルスベクター及び医薬として許容される担体若しくは希釈剤を含むことを特徴とする微生物病原体に対するワクチン。
- アジュバントをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項23に記載のワクチン。
- さらなるワクチン株を含むことを特徴とする請求項23又は24に記載のワクチン。
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