JP5409006B2 - Use of copolymers as solubilizers for weakly water-soluble compounds - Google Patents
Use of copolymers as solubilizers for weakly water-soluble compounds Download PDFInfo
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- JP5409006B2 JP5409006B2 JP2008538334A JP2008538334A JP5409006B2 JP 5409006 B2 JP5409006 B2 JP 5409006B2 JP 2008538334 A JP2008538334 A JP 2008538334A JP 2008538334 A JP2008538334 A JP 2008538334A JP 5409006 B2 JP5409006 B2 JP 5409006B2
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- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Description
本発明は、弱水溶性物質のための可溶化剤としての、ポリエーテルの存在下で酢酸ビニル及びN−ビニルラクタムを重合することにより得られるコポリマーの使用、並びにそれに対応する調製物に関する。 The present invention relates to the use of copolymers obtained by polymerizing vinyl acetate and N-vinyl lactam in the presence of polyethers as solubilizers for weakly water-soluble substances and to the corresponding preparations.
均質な調製物、特に生物活性物質の製造において、疎水性、すなわち弱水溶性物質の可溶化が実用的見地から非常に重要となっている。 In the production of homogeneous preparations, in particular bioactive substances, the solubilization of hydrophobic, ie weakly water-soluble substances, is very important from a practical point of view.
可溶化とは、適当な溶媒(特に水)に弱溶性又は不溶性の物質を、界面活性化合物、すなわち可溶化剤により可溶性とすることを意味する。そのような可溶化剤は、水における可溶性が低い又はゼロの物質を、これらの物質の化学構造を改変することなく透明な(又は多くとも乳白色の)水溶液に変換することができる(Rompp Chemie Lexikon, 9th edition, Vol.5. p.4203, Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1992参照)。 Solubilization means that a substance that is weakly soluble or insoluble in an appropriate solvent (especially water) is made soluble by a surface active compound, that is, a solubilizing agent. Such solubilizers can convert substances with low or no solubility in water into clear (or at least milky white) aqueous solutions without altering the chemical structure of these substances (Rompp Chemie Lexikon). , 9th edition, Vol.5. P.4203, Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1992).
生成された可溶化物は、水溶液中に形成する、例えば疎水性ドメイン又はミセルなどの界面活性化合物分子の凝集体のコロイド溶液の形態である、水への可溶性が低い又はゼロの物質という特徴がある。得られる溶液は、光学的に透明であるか又は乳白色に見える安定又は準安定の単相系である。 The lysate produced is characterized by a low or zero water-soluble substance that forms in an aqueous solution, for example in the form of a colloidal solution of aggregates of surface active compound molecules such as hydrophobic domains or micelles. is there. The resulting solution is a stable or metastable single phase system that is optically clear or appears milky.
可溶化剤は、例えば化粧品製剤及び食品調製物を透明にすることによってそれらの調製物の外観を改善しうる。医薬調製物の場合には、可溶化剤を使用することによって、薬物のバイオアベイラビリティ、それゆえ薬効をさらに高めうる。 Solubilizers can improve the appearance of those preparations, for example by making cosmetic and food preparations transparent. In the case of pharmaceutical preparations, the use of solubilizers can further increase the bioavailability of the drug and hence the drug efficacy.
医薬及び化粧品有効成分に用いられる可溶化剤は、主に界面活性剤、例えばエトキシ化ヒマシ油若しくはエトキシ化硬化ヒマシ油、エトキシ化ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、又はエトキシ化ヒドロキシステアリン酸である。 Solubilizers used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic active ingredients are mainly surfactants such as ethoxylated castor oil or ethoxylated hydrogenated castor oil, ethoxylated sorbitan fatty acid esters, or ethoxylated hydroxystearic acid.
しかしながら、上述の及び現在まで用いられている可溶化剤は、使用時にいくつかの技術的欠点を示す。 However, the solubilizers described above and used to date exhibit several technical disadvantages when used.
公知の可溶化剤の可溶化作用は、一部の弱溶性薬物、例えばクロトリマゾールなどにとっては低くしかない。 The solubilizing action of known solubilizers is only low for some weakly soluble drugs such as clotrimazole.
EP−A 876819は、少なくとも60重量%のN−ビニルピロリドンと長鎖アルキル基を有するアミド又はエステルとのコポリマーの使用を記載している。 EP-A 876819 describes the use of at least 60% by weight of a copolymer of N-vinylpyrrolidone and an amide or ester having a long-chain alkyl group.
EP−A 948957は、モノエチレンとして不飽和のカルボン酸、例えばアクリル酸などと、疎水性に改変されたコモノマー、例えばC8−C30−アルキル基を有する不飽和カルボン酸のN−アルキル−又はN,N−ジアルキルアミドなどとのコポリマーの使用を記載している。 EP-A 948957 is an unsaturated carboxylic acid such as monoethylene, such as acrylic acid, and a hydrophobically modified comonomer, such as an N-alkyl- of an unsaturated carboxylic acid having a C 8 -C 30 -alkyl group, or Describes the use of copolymers with N, N-dialkylamides and the like.
DE−A 19935063は、ビニルラクタム及び酢酸ビニルに基づくポリアルキレンオキシド含有グラフトコポリマーと、それらのガス水和物阻害剤としての使用を開示している。 DE-A 19935063 discloses polyalkylene oxide-containing graft copolymers based on vinyl lactam and vinyl acetate and their use as gas hydrate inhibitors.
EP−A 953347は、ポリアルキレンオキシド含有グラフトコポリマーの可溶化剤としての使用を開示している。これに開示されるグラフトコポリマーは、酢酸ビニル及びポリアルキレンオキシドから構成され、粉末ではなく粘着性の液体であることが多く、これは使用時に技術的な欠点がある。 EP-A 953347 discloses the use of polyalkylene oxide-containing graft copolymers as solubilizers. The graft copolymers disclosed therein are composed of vinyl acetate and polyalkylene oxide and are often sticky liquids rather than powders, which have technical disadvantages in use.
さらに望ましい要件は、可溶化剤が弱溶性物質といわゆる「固溶体」を形成可能であることである。「固溶体」という用語は、ある物質が、微粒分散の形態、又は理想的な場合には、固体マトリクス(例えばポリマーマトリクス)中の分子分散の形態である状態を意味する。そのような固溶体によって、例えば弱溶性有効成分の固形医薬剤形で用いる場合には、有効成分の放出が改善される。重要な要件は、長期間にわたって貯蔵した場合であってもそのような固溶体が安定である、すなわち有効成分が晶出しないことである。また、固溶体の限度容量が重要であり、言い換えれば有効成分の最大量を含んで安定な固溶体を形成する能力である。 A further desirable requirement is that the solubilizer can form so-called “solid solutions” with weakly soluble substances. The term “solid solution” means a state in which a substance is in the form of a finely divided dispersion or, ideally, in the form of a molecular dispersion in a solid matrix (eg, a polymer matrix). Such solid solutions improve the release of the active ingredient, for example when used in solid pharmaceutical dosage forms of weakly soluble active ingredients. An important requirement is that such solid solutions are stable even when stored for long periods of time, i.e. the active ingredient does not crystallize. In addition, the capacity limit of the solid solution is important, in other words, the ability to form a stable solid solution including the maximum amount of the active ingredient.
可溶化剤が固溶体を形成する基本的な能力だけではなく、可溶化剤の吸湿性もまた、固溶体の形成に重要な役割を果たしている。周囲空気から過度の水分を吸収する可溶化剤は固溶体の液状化を引き起こし、有効成分の望ましくない結晶化を導く。過剰な吸湿性はまた剤形の加工時にも問題を引き起こしうる。 Not only the basic ability of the solubilizer to form a solid solution, but also the hygroscopicity of the solubilizer plays an important role in the formation of the solid solution. Solubilizers that absorb excessive moisture from ambient air cause liquefaction of the solid solution, leading to undesirable crystallization of the active ingredient. Excessive hygroscopicity can also cause problems when processing dosage forms.
従来開示されたポリマー可溶化剤は、いずれも安定な固溶体を形成しないという欠点を有している。水系における可溶化においてさらなる改善の余地がある。公知の可溶化剤の一部はまた、粘着傾向があるために、十分な流動性の粉末を表すものではないため、加工可能性に関して欠点を有する。 None of the previously disclosed polymer solubilizers has the disadvantage of forming a stable solid solution. There is room for further improvement in solubilization in aqueous systems. Some of the known solubilizers also have drawbacks with respect to processability because they tend to stick and thus do not represent a sufficiently flowable powder.
従って、上記欠点を有しない、医薬品、化粧品、食品技術、農業技術又は他の産業における用途のための新規でかつ改善された可溶化剤を提供することを目的とする。 Accordingly, it is an object to provide a new and improved solubilizer for use in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food technology, agricultural technology or other industries that does not have the above disadvantages.
上記目的は、本発明によって、以下:
i)30〜80重量%のN−ビニルラクタム、
ii)10〜50重量%の酢酸ビニル、及び
iii)10〜50重量%のポリエーテル
(ただし、i)、ii)及びiii)の総量は100重量%に等しい)
の混合物のフリーラジカル重合によって得られる水溶性又は水分散性コポリマーの使用により解決される。
The above object is achieved by the present invention as follows:
i) 30-80% by weight of N-vinyl lactam,
ii) 10-50% by weight of vinyl acetate, and iii) 10-50% by weight of polyether (where the total amount of i), ii) and iii) is equal to 100% by weight)
This is solved by the use of water-soluble or water-dispersible copolymers obtained by free radical polymerization of a mixture of
本発明の一実施形態において、好ましいポリマーは、以下:
i)30〜70重量%のN−ビニルラクタム、
ii)15〜35重量%の酢酸ビニル、及び
iii)15〜35重量%のポリエーテル
から得られ、特に好ましいポリマーは、以下:
i)40〜60重量%のN−ビニルラクタム、
ii)15〜35重量%の酢酸ビニル、及び
iii)15〜30重量%のポリエーテル
から得られる。
In one embodiment of the present invention, preferred polymers are:
i) 30-70 wt% N-vinyl lactam,
Particularly preferred polymers obtained from ii) 15-35% by weight vinyl acetate, and iii) 15-35% by weight polyether, are:
i) 40-60% by weight of N-vinyl lactam,
obtained from ii) 15-35% by weight vinyl acetate, and iii) 15-30% by weight polyether.
本発明の別の実施形態において、好ましいポリマーは10〜35重量%のポリエーテルを含む。 In another embodiment of the invention, a preferred polymer comprises 10-35% by weight polyether.
特に好ましいポリマーは、以下:
i)40〜60重量%のN−ビニルラクタム、
ii)15〜35重量%の酢酸ビニル、
iii)10〜30重量%のポリエーテル
からなる。
Particularly preferred polymers are:
i) 40-60% by weight of N-vinyl lactam,
ii) 15-35% by weight vinyl acetate,
iii) It consists of 10-30% by weight of polyether.
ただし、成分i)、ii)及びiii)の総量は100重量%に等しく、これは好ましい及び特に好ましい組成物にも適用される。 However, the total amount of components i), ii) and iii) is equal to 100% by weight, which also applies to preferred and particularly preferred compositions.
適当なN−ビニルラクタムは、N−ビニルカプロラクタム若しくはN−ビニルピロリドン、又はそれらの混合物である。好ましくはN−ビニルカプロラクタムが用いられる。 Suitable N-vinyl lactams are N-vinyl caprolactam or N-vinyl pyrrolidone or mixtures thereof. N-vinylcaprolactam is preferably used.
適当な及び好ましいポリエーテルは、ポリアルキレングリコールである。ポリアルキレングリコールは、1000〜100000D[ダルトン]、好ましくは1500〜35000D、特に好ましくは1500〜10000Dの分子量を有するものとしうる。分子量は、DIN53240に規定されているように測定したOH数に基づいて決定する。 A suitable and preferred polyether is a polyalkylene glycol. The polyalkylene glycol may have a molecular weight of 1000 to 100,000 D [Dalton], preferably 1500 to 35000 D, particularly preferably 1500 to 10,000 D. The molecular weight is determined based on the number of OH measured as specified in DIN 53240.
ポリエチレングリコールが好適であり、そして特に好ましくはポリアルキレングリコールである。また、2−エチルオキシラン又は2,3−ジメチルオキシランから得られる、ポリプロピレングリコール、ポリテトラヒドロフラン、又はポリブチレングリコールも適当である。 Polyethylene glycol is preferred and particularly preferred is polyalkylene glycol. Also suitable are polypropylene glycol, polytetrahydrofuran, or polybutylene glycol obtained from 2-ethyloxirane or 2,3-dimethyloxirane.
適当なポリエーテルはまた、エチレンオキシド、プロピレンオキシド及びブチレンオキシドから得られるポリアルキレングリコールのランダム又はブロックコポリマー、例えばポリエチレングリコール−ポリプロピレングリコールブロックコポリマーである。ブロックコポリマーは、AB型であってもよいし又はABA型であってもよい。 Suitable polyethers are also random or block copolymers of polyalkylene glycols obtained from ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and butylene oxide, such as polyethylene glycol-polypropylene glycol block copolymers. The block copolymer may be AB type or ABA type.
また好ましいポリアルキレングリコールとしては、末端OH基の一方又は両方がアルキル化されたものが挙げられる。適当なアルキル基は、分枝又は非分枝のC1−〜C22−アルキル基であり、好ましくはC1−C18−アルキル基、例えばメチル、エチル、n−ブチル、イソブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシル、オクチル、ノニル、デシル、ドデシル、トリデシル又はオクタデシル基である。 Preferred polyalkylene glycols include those in which one or both of the terminal OH groups are alkylated. Suitable alkyl groups are branched or unbranched C 1- to C 22 -alkyl groups, preferably C 1 -C 18 -alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, hexyl. An octyl, nonyl, decyl, dodecyl, tridecyl or octadecyl group.
本発明のコポリマーの一般的な調製方法はそれ自体が公知である。この調製は、フリーラジカル重合、好ましくは非水性有機溶媒又は非水性/水性混合溶媒における溶液重合によって行われる。 The general methods for preparing the copolymers of the invention are known per se. This preparation is carried out by free radical polymerization, preferably solution polymerization in a non-aqueous organic solvent or a non-aqueous / aqueous mixed solvent.
適当な非水性有機溶媒は、例えばアルコール(メタノール、エタノール、n−プロパノール及びイソプロパノールなど)、並びにグリコール(エチレングリコール及びグリセロールなど)である。 Suitable non-aqueous organic solvents are, for example, alcohols (such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol and isopropanol), and glycols (such as ethylene glycol and glycerol).
別の適当な溶媒は、エステル、例えば酢酸エチル、酢酸n−プロピル、酢酸イソプロピル、酢酸イソブチル又は酢酸ブチルなどである。 Another suitable solvent is an ester such as ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, isobutyl acetate or butyl acetate.
重合は、好ましくは60〜100℃の温度で実施する。 The polymerization is preferably carried out at a temperature of 60 to 100 ° C.
重合を開始するためにフリーラジカル開始剤を使用する。使用する開始剤又は開始剤混合物の量は、用いるモノマーを基準として、0.01〜10重量%、好ましくは0.3〜5重量%である。 A free radical initiator is used to initiate the polymerization. The amount of initiator or initiator mixture used is 0.01 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 5% by weight, based on the monomers used.
用いる溶媒の性質に応じて、有機及び無機過酸化物の両方、例えば過硫酸ナトリウム、又はアゾ開始剤、例えばアゾビスイソブチロニトリル、アゾビス(2−アミドプロパン)ジヒドロクロリド若しくは2,2’−アゾビス(2−メチルブチロニトリル)などが好適である。 Depending on the nature of the solvent used, both organic and inorganic peroxides, such as sodium persulfate, or azo initiators such as azobisisobutyronitrile, azobis (2-amidopropane) dihydrochloride or 2,2′- Azobis (2-methylbutyronitrile) and the like are preferable.
過酸化物開始剤の例としては、過酸化ジベンゾイル、過酸化ジアセチル、スクシニルペルオキシド、t−ブチルペルピバレート、t−ブチルペルエチルヘキサノエート、t−ブチルペルネオデカノエート、t−ブチルペルマレエート、ビス−(t−ブチルペル)シクロヘキサン、t−ブチルペルイソプロピルカーボネート、t−ブチルペルアセテート、2,2−ビス(t−ブチルペル)ブタン、過酸化ジクミル、ジ−t−アミルペルオキシド、ジ−t−ブチルペルオキシド、p−メンタンヒドロペルオキシド、ピナンヒドロペルオキシド、クメンヒドロペルオキシド、t−ブチルヒドロペルオキシド、過酸化水素、及び上記開始剤の混合物がある。上記開始剤はまた、酸化還元成分、例えばアスコルビン酸と組み合わせて用いることができる。 Examples of peroxide initiators include dibenzoyl peroxide, diacetyl peroxide, succinyl peroxide, t-butyl perpivalate, t-butyl perethyl hexanoate, t-butyl perneodecanoate, t-butyl peroxy Maleate, bis- (t-butylper) cyclohexane, t-butylperisopropyl carbonate, t-butylperacetate, 2,2-bis (t-butylper) butane, dicumyl peroxide, di-t-amyl peroxide, di- There are t-butyl peroxide, p-menthane hydroperoxide, pinane hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and mixtures of the above initiators. The initiator can also be used in combination with a redox component such as ascorbic acid.
特に好適な開始剤は、t−ブチルペルネオデカノエート、t−ブチルペルピバレート又はt−ブチルペルエチルヘキサノエートである。 Particularly preferred initiators are t-butyl perneodecanoate, t-butyl perpivalate or t-butyl perethyl hexanoate.
フリーラジカル重合は、適切な場合には乳化剤の存在下にて、適切な場合には別の保護コロイドの存在下にて、適切な場合には分子量調節剤の存在下にて、適切な場合にはバッファー系の存在下にて、そして適切な場合にはその後に塩基又は酸を用いてpHを調整して行うことができる。 Free radical polymerization is carried out where appropriate in the presence of emulsifiers, where appropriate, in the presence of other protective colloids, where appropriate, in the presence of molecular weight regulators. Can be carried out in the presence of a buffer system and, if appropriate, afterwards by adjusting the pH with a base or acid.
適した分子量調節剤は、スルフヒドリル化合物、例えばアルキルメルカプタン(例:n−ドデシルメルカプタン、t−ドデシルメルカプタン)など、チオグリコール酸及びそれらのエステル、メルカプトアルカノール、例えばメルカプトエタノールなどである。別の適した調節剤は、例えばDE197 12 247A1の第4頁に言及されている。分子量調節剤の必要量は、重合しようとする(コ)モノマーの量を基準として0〜5重量%の範囲である。この調節剤を使用する場合には、特に0.05〜2重量%、特に好ましくは0.1〜1.5重量%の範囲の量を用いる。しかしながら、調節剤を用いない重合が特に非常に好ましい。 Suitable molecular weight regulators are sulfhydryl compounds such as alkyl mercaptans (eg n-dodecyl mercaptan, t-dodecyl mercaptan), thioglycolic acid and their esters, mercaptoalkanols such as mercaptoethanol and the like. Other suitable regulators are mentioned, for example, on page 4 of DE 197 12 247 A1. The required amount of molecular weight regulator is in the range of 0 to 5% by weight based on the amount of (co) monomer to be polymerized. When using this regulator, an amount in the range of 0.05 to 2% by weight, particularly preferably 0.1 to 1.5% by weight, is used. However, polymerization without a regulator is very particularly preferred.
また適切な場合には、乳化剤、例えばイオン性又は非イオン性サーファクタントであって、そのHLBが通常3〜13の範囲のものを使用することが可能である。HLBの定義については、W.C. Griffin, J. Soc. Cosmetic Chem., Volume 5, 249 (1954)の刊行物を参照されたい。サーファクタントの量は、ポリマーを基準として、0〜10重量%、好ましくは0〜5重量%でありうる。 Where appropriate, emulsifiers such as ionic or non-ionic surfactants having an HLB in the range of usually 3 to 13 can be used. For the definition of HLB, see the publication of W.C. Griffin, J. Soc. Cosmetic Chem., Volume 5, 249 (1954). The amount of surfactant can be 0-10% by weight, preferably 0-5% by weight, based on the polymer.
モノマー、又はモノマー混合物若しくはモノマー(単数若しくは複数)のエマルジョンは、開始剤(通常溶液中に存在する)と共に、重合温度にて撹拌反応器に導入されるか(バッチプロセス)、あるいは適当な場合には、連続的に又は多数の逐次段階として重合反応器に計量投入される(フィードプロセス)。フィードプロセスにおいては通常、実際の重合を開始する前に、(反応混合物を撹拌可能にするために)溶媒以外に、開始材料(乳化剤、保護コロイド、モノマー、調節剤など)の部分量(稀ではあるが重合しようとする全量)、又はフィードの部分量(一般的にモノマーフィード又はエマルジョンフィードと開始剤フィード)もまた反応器に投入する。 The monomer, or monomer mixture or emulsion of monomer (s), together with the initiator (usually present in solution), is introduced into the stirred reactor at the polymerization temperature (batch process) or, where appropriate Is metered into the polymerization reactor continuously or as a number of sequential stages (feed process). In the feed process, usually, before starting the actual polymerization, in addition to the solvent (to make the reaction mixture stirrable), a partial amount of starting materials (emulsifiers, protective colloids, monomers, regulators, etc.) The total amount to be polymerized, but also a partial amount of feed (generally monomer feed or emulsion feed and initiator feed) is also charged to the reactor.
重合は、大気圧下で及び高圧の閉鎖反応器中の両方で実施することができる。この場合、反応の間設定した圧力下で重合を行ってもよいし、あるいはガス注入若しくは排出により圧力を調節してもよい。圧力はまた、コンデンサへの反応器の部分減圧によって制御することも可能である。 The polymerization can be carried out both at atmospheric pressure and in a high pressure closed reactor. In this case, the polymerization may be performed under a pressure set during the reaction, or the pressure may be adjusted by gas injection or discharge. The pressure can also be controlled by partial depressurization of the reactor to the condenser.
重合に用いた非水溶媒は、その後除去されて蒸気蒸留により水と置き換えられる。これは通常、最初にできる限り純粋に非水溶媒を蒸留し、次に蒸気中を通過させることによって完全に水と置き換える。 The non-aqueous solvent used for the polymerization is then removed and replaced with water by steam distillation. This is usually completely replaced with water by first distilling the non-aqueous solvent as purely as possible and then passing through the steam.
重合の後、残渣のモノマーを低減するための一般的に公知の方法を用いることができる。そのような方法の例としては、重合の終了時における開始剤のさらなる添加、酸添加によるビニルラクタムモノマーの加水分解、固相(イオン交換体など)を用いたポリマー溶液の処理、十分に共重合したモノマーへの供給、膜ろ過及びさらなる慣習的方法がある。 After polymerization, generally known methods for reducing residual monomers can be used. Examples of such methods include further addition of initiator at the end of polymerization, hydrolysis of vinyl lactam monomer by acid addition, treatment of polymer solution using solid phase (ion exchanger etc.), full copolymerization Monomer feed, membrane filtration and additional conventional methods.
得られるポリマー水性分散液又は水溶液の固形分は、通常10〜70重量%、好ましくは15〜60重量%、特に好ましくは15〜40重量%である。 The solid content of the obtained polymer aqueous dispersion or aqueous solution is usually 10 to 70% by weight, preferably 15 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably 15 to 40% by weight.
ポリマー分散液又は溶液は、種々の乾燥方法、例えば噴霧乾燥、流動噴霧乾燥、ドラム乾燥、パドル乾燥、ベルト乾燥又は凍結乾燥などによって、粉末形態又は顆粒に変換されうる。噴霧乾燥の間に、例えばコロイドシリカ又は疎水性に改変されたコロイドシリカなどの添加物を添加することが望ましいこともある。 The polymer dispersion or solution can be converted into powder form or granules by various drying methods such as spray drying, fluidized spray drying, drum drying, paddle drying, belt drying or freeze drying. It may be desirable to add additives such as colloidal silica or hydrophobically modified colloidal silica during spray drying.
コポリマーは、水性分散液又は水溶液として、あるいは水分の除去後に非常に流動性の水分散性又は水溶性の粉末として得られる。 The copolymer is obtained as an aqueous dispersion or solution, or as a very fluid water-dispersible or water-soluble powder after removal of moisture.
このポリマーのフィケンチャーのK値は、1重量%エタノール溶液中で測定した場合に10〜60、好ましくは15〜40の範囲である。 The K-value of this polymer fixture ranges from 10 to 60, preferably from 15 to 40, when measured in a 1 wt% ethanol solution.
用途:
本発明に従って用いられるコポリマーは、原則として、水への可溶性が低い又はゼロしかない物質を水性調製物中で使用することを目的とする又は水性媒質においてそれらの効果を示すことを目的とする、全ての分野において利用することができる。従ってコポリマーは、弱水溶性物質、特に生物活性物質のための可溶化剤として用いられる。
Use:
The copolymers used according to the invention are in principle intended for the use of substances with low or only zero water solubility in aqueous preparations or to show their effects in aqueous media, It can be used in all fields. The copolymers are therefore used as solubilizers for weakly water-soluble substances, in particular bioactive substances.
「弱水溶性(slightly water-soluble)」という用語は、本発明において、実質的に不溶性の物質をも含み、20℃において物質を水に溶解するためにその物質1g当たり少なくとも30〜100gの水が必要であることを意味する。実質的に不溶性の物質の場合、物質1g当たり少なくとも10000gの水が必要である。 The term “slightly water-soluble” includes in the present invention also a substance that is substantially insoluble, and at least 30-100 g of water per gram of substance to dissolve the substance in water at 20 ° C. Means that is necessary. For substantially insoluble materials, at least 10000 g of water per gram of material is required.
本発明において、弱水溶性生物活性物質とは、ヒト及び動物のための有効医薬成分、化粧品若しくは農薬有効成分、又は栄養補助食品若しくは栄養活性物質を意味する。 In the present invention, a weakly water-soluble bioactive substance means an active pharmaceutical ingredient, a cosmetic or agrochemical active ingredient, or a dietary supplement or a nutritionally active substance for humans and animals.
可溶化に適した別の弱溶性物質はまた、無機又は有機色素などの着色剤である。 Another weakly soluble material suitable for solubilization is also a colorant such as an inorganic or organic dye.
本発明は特に、医薬調製物及び化粧品調製物のため、並びに食品調製物のための可溶化剤として使用するための両親媒性化合物を提供する。これらは、医薬及び化粧品の分野の弱溶性有効成分、弱溶性栄養補助食品、例えばビタミン類及びカロテノイド類、そしてまた作物保護剤に使用するための弱溶性活性物質及び獣医学薬用有効成分を可溶化する性質を有する。 The present invention particularly provides amphiphilic compounds for use as solubilizers for pharmaceutical and cosmetic preparations and for food preparations. They solubilize weakly soluble active ingredients in the field of medicine and cosmetics, weakly soluble dietary supplements such as vitamins and carotenoids, and also weakly soluble active substances and veterinary active ingredients for use in crop protection agents It has the property to do.
化粧品のための可溶化剤:
本発明において、前記コポリマーは化粧品製剤中の可溶化剤として用いることができる。これらは、例えば化粧用油のための可溶化剤として好適である。これらは、脂肪及び油、例えば落花生油、ホホバ油、ヤシ油、アーモンド油、オリーブ油、パーム油、ヒマシ油、ダイズ油若しくはコムギ胚種油など、又はエッセンシャルオイル、例えばドワーフパイン油、ラベンダー油、ローズマリー油、スプルースニードル油、パインニードル油、ユーカリ油、ハッカ油、セージ油、ベルガモット油、テレビン油、メリッサ油、セージ油、杜松油、レモン油、アニス油、カルダモン油、ハッカ油、樟脳油など、あるいはこれらの油の混合物を良好に可溶化する能力を有する。
Solubilizers for cosmetics:
In the present invention, the copolymer can be used as a solubilizer in a cosmetic preparation. These are suitable as solubilizers, for example for cosmetic oils. These include fats and oils such as peanut oil, jojoba oil, palm oil, almond oil, olive oil, palm oil, castor oil, soybean oil or wheat seed oil, or essential oils such as dwarf pine oil, lavender oil, rosemary Oil, spruce needle oil, pine needle oil, eucalyptus oil, mint oil, sage oil, bergamot oil, turpentine oil, melissa oil, sage oil, juniper oil, lemon oil, anise oil, cardamom oil, mint oil, camphor oil, etc. Alternatively, it has the ability to solubilize well a mixture of these oils.
本発明のポリマーはさらに、弱水溶性又は水に不溶性の紫外線吸収剤のための可溶化剤として用いることもできる。そのような紫外線吸収剤は、例えば、2−ヒドロキシ−4−メトキシベンゾフェノン(Uvinul(登録商標)M 40、BASF製)、2,2’,4,4’−テトラヒドロキシベンゾフェノン(Uvinul(登録商標)D 50)、2,2’−ジヒドロキシ−4,4’−ジメトキシベンゾフェノン(Uvinul(登録商標)D49)、2,4−ジヒドロキシベンゾフェノン(Uvinul(登録商標)400)、2’−エチルヘキシル2−シアノ−3,3−ジフェニルアクリレート(Uvinul(登録商標)N 539)、2,4,6−トリアニリノ−p−(カルボ−2’−エチルヘキシル−1’−オキシ)−1,3,5−トリアジン(Uvinul(登録商標)T150)、3−(4−メトキシベンジリデン)カンフル(Eusolex(登録商標)6300、Merck製)、2−エチルヘキシルN,N−ジメチル−4−アミノベンゾエート(Eusolex(登録商標)6007)、3,3,5−トリメチルシクロヘキシルサリチレート、4−イソプロピルジベンゾイルメタン(Eusolex(登録商標)8020)、2−エチルヘキシルp−メトキシシンナメート及び2−イソアミルp−メトキシシンナメートなど、並びにそれらの混合物である。 The polymers of the present invention can also be used as solubilizers for weakly water soluble or water insoluble UV absorbers. Such UV absorbers include, for example, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (Uvinul® M 40, manufactured by BASF), 2,2 ′, 4,4′-tetrahydroxybenzophenone (Uvinul®). D 50), 2,2′-dihydroxy-4,4′-dimethoxybenzophenone (Uvinul® D49), 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (Uvinul® 400), 2′-ethylhexyl 2-cyano- 3,3-diphenyl acrylate (Uvinul® N 539), 2,4,6-trianilino-p- (carbo-2′-ethylhexyl-1′-oxy) -1,3,5-triazine (Uvinul ( (Registered trademark) T150), 3- (4-methoxybenzylidene) camphor (Eusolex (registered trademark) 6300, manufactured by Merck), 2-ethylhexyl N, N-dimethyl-4-aminobenzoate ( Eusolex® 6007), 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl salicylate, 4-isopropyldibenzoylmethane (Eusolex® 8020), 2-ethylhexyl p-methoxycinnamate and 2-isoamyl p-methoxy Cinnamate and the like, as well as mixtures thereof.
従って本発明はまた、最初に記載した組成を有する本発明のコポリマーの少なくとも1つを可溶化剤として含む化粧品調製物に関する。好ましい調製物は、可溶化剤以外に、1又は複数の弱溶性化粧品有効成分、例えば上述した油又は紫外線吸収剤を含むものである。 The invention therefore also relates to a cosmetic preparation comprising as a solubilizer at least one of the copolymers according to the invention having the composition described at the outset. Preferred preparations are those which contain, in addition to the solubilizer, one or more weakly soluble cosmetic active ingredients, such as the oils or UV absorbers mentioned above.
これらの製剤は、水又は水/アルコールベースの可溶化物である。本発明の可溶化剤は、弱(slightly)化粧品有効成分に対して0.2:1〜20:1の比で、好ましくは1:1〜15:1、特に好ましくは2:1〜12:1の比で用いられる。 These formulations are water or water / alcohol based solubilizates. The solubilizers of the present invention are in a ratio of 0.2: 1 to 20: 1, preferably 1: 1 to 15: 1, particularly preferably 2: 1 to 12: to the slightly cosmetic active ingredient. A ratio of 1 is used.
化粧品調製物中の本発明の可溶化剤の含有量は、活性物質に応じて、1〜50重量%、好ましくは3〜40重量%、特に好ましくは5〜30重量%の範囲である。 The content of the solubilizer according to the invention in the cosmetic preparation is in the range from 1 to 50% by weight, preferably from 3 to 40% by weight, particularly preferably from 5 to 30% by weight, depending on the active substance.
さらに、別の助剤をこの製剤に添加することも可能であり、そのような助剤は、例えば、非イオン性、カチオン性若しくはアニオン性サーファクタント、例としてアルキルポリグリコシド、高級アルコール硫酸エステル塩、高級アルコールエーテル硫酸エステル塩、アルカンスルホン酸塩、高級アルコールエトキシレート、高級アルコールリン酸エステル塩、アルキルベタイン、ソルビタンエステル、POE−ソルビタンエステル、糖脂肪酸エステル、脂肪酸ポリグリセロールエステル、脂肪酸部分グリセリド、脂肪酸カルボキシレート、高級アルコールスルホコハク酸エステル塩、脂肪酸サルコシネート、脂肪酸イセチオネート、脂肪酸タウリネート、クエン酸エステル、シリコンコポリマー、脂肪酸ポリグリコールエステル、脂肪酸アミド、脂肪酸アルカノールアミド、第4級アンモニウム化合物、アルキルフェノールエトキシレート、高級アミノエトキシレート、共溶媒、例としてエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、グリセロールなどである。 Furthermore, it is possible to add further auxiliaries to this formulation, such auxiliaries being, for example, nonionic, cationic or anionic surfactants, for example alkyl polyglycosides, higher alcohol sulfates, Higher alcohol ether sulfate, alkane sulfonate, higher alcohol ethoxylate, higher alcohol phosphate ester, alkylbetaine, sorbitan ester, POE-sorbitan ester, sugar fatty acid ester, fatty acid polyglycerol ester, fatty acid partial glyceride, fatty acid carboxy Rate, higher alcohol sulfosuccinate, fatty acid sarcosinate, fatty acid isethionate, fatty acid taurinate, citric acid ester, silicone copolymer, fatty acid polyglycol ester, fatty acid amino acid , Fatty acid alkanolamides, quaternary ammonium compounds, alkyl phenol ethoxylates, higher amino ethoxylates, cosolvents, ethylene glycol as an example, propylene glycol, glycerol, and the like.
添加することができるさらなる成分は、天然又は合成化合物、例えばラノリン誘導体、コレステロール誘導体、ミリスチン酸イソプロピル、パルミチン酸イソプロピル、電解質、着色剤、防腐剤、酸(例として乳酸、クエン酸)である。 Further components that can be added are natural or synthetic compounds such as lanolin derivatives, cholesterol derivatives, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, electrolytes, colorants, preservatives, acids (eg lactic acid, citric acid).
これらの製剤は、例えば浴用添加物(バスオイル、アフターシェーブローション、フェイストニック、ヘアトニック、オーデコロン、オードトワレなど)、及び日焼け防止用組成物において用いる。別の使用領域は、口腔ケア部門であり、例えばマウスウォッシュ、歯磨き粉、義歯接着クリームなどにおいて用いる。 These preparations are used, for example, in bath additives (bath oil, aftershave lotion, face tonic, hair tonic, eau de cologne, eau de toilette, etc.) and sunscreen compositions. Another area of use is the oral care sector, for example in mouthwashes, toothpastes, denture adhesive creams and the like.
コポリマーはまた、工業的用途、例えばトナーにおける弱溶性着色剤の調製物、磁性顔料の調製物などに好適である。 The copolymers are also suitable for industrial applications such as preparation of weakly soluble colorants in toners, preparation of magnetic pigments and the like.
可溶化方法の説明:
本発明のコポリマーは、100%純度の物質として、又は好ましくは水溶液として、化粧品製剤のための可溶化物を調製するために用いることができる。
Explanation of solubilization method:
The copolymers according to the invention can be used to prepare solubilizates for cosmetic formulations as 100% pure substances or preferably as aqueous solutions.
通常、可溶化剤は水に溶解し、各場合に使用する弱溶性化粧品有効成分と十分に混合する。 Usually, the solubilizer is dissolved in water and thoroughly mixed with the weakly soluble cosmetic active ingredient used in each case.
しかしながら、可溶化剤を、各場合に使用する弱溶性化粧品有効成分と十分に混合し、続いて連続的に撹拌しながら脱塩水を添加することも可能である。 However, it is also possible to thoroughly mix the solubilizer with the weakly soluble cosmetic active ingredient used in each case and then add demineralized water with continuous stirring.
医薬用途のための可溶化剤:
本発明のコポリマーは同様に、弱水溶性又は水不溶性の1以上の薬物、並びにビタミン類及び/又はカロテノイド類を含みうる任意の種類の医薬調製物における可溶化剤として使用するために好適である。経口投与のための水溶液又は可溶化物は、この関係で特に重要なものである。したがって、本発明のコポリマーは、経口投与剤形、例えば錠剤、カプセル剤、散剤、溶剤などにおける使用に好適である。これらにおいて、コポリマーは弱溶性薬物のバイオアベイラビリティを高めうる。特に有効成分及び可溶化剤の固溶体を使用する。
Solubilizers for pharmaceutical use:
The copolymers according to the invention are likewise suitable for use as solubilizers in any kind of pharmaceutical preparations which may contain weakly water-soluble or water-insoluble drugs and vitamins and / or carotenoids. . Aqueous solutions or solubilizates for oral administration are particularly important in this regard. Thus, the copolymers of the present invention are suitable for use in oral dosage forms such as tablets, capsules, powders, solvents and the like. In these, the copolymers can increase the bioavailability of weakly soluble drugs. In particular, a solid solution of active ingredients and solubilizers is used.
非経口投与については、可溶化剤以外に、エマルジョン、例えば脂肪エマルジョンも用いることができる。本発明のコポリマーはまた、このために弱溶性薬物の加工処理に好適である。 For parenteral administration, in addition to solubilizers, emulsions such as fat emulsions can also be used. The copolymers of the present invention are therefore also suitable for processing weakly soluble drugs.
上述した種類の医薬製剤は、従来の方法により公知及び新規の有効成分を用いて、本発明のコポリマーを有効医薬成分と共に加工処理することによって得ることができる。 Pharmaceutical formulations of the type described above can be obtained by processing the copolymers of the present invention with active pharmaceutical ingredients using known and novel active ingredients by conventional methods.
本発明の用途はさらに、医薬賦形剤及び/又は希釈剤を含む。賦形剤を部分的に列挙すると、共溶媒、安定化剤、防腐剤である。 Applications of the present invention further include pharmaceutical excipients and / or diluents. Some of the excipients are co-solvents, stabilizers, preservatives.
使用する有効医薬成分は、水に不溶性又は難溶性である。DAB9(German Pharmacopeia)によると、有効医薬成分の可溶性は以下のように分類される。すなわち、難溶性(溶媒の30〜100部に可溶性);弱溶性(溶媒の100〜1000部に可溶性);実質的に不溶性(溶媒の10000部を超える部に可溶性)である。これに関して、有効成分は任意の分類範囲のものであってよい。 The active pharmaceutical ingredient used is insoluble or sparingly soluble in water. According to DAB9 (German Pharmacopeia), the solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients is classified as follows. That is, poorly soluble (soluble in 30 to 100 parts of solvent); weakly soluble (soluble in 100 to 1000 parts of solvent); substantially insoluble (soluble in more than 10,000 parts of solvent). In this regard, the active ingredient may be of any classification range.
本明細書において言及しうる例としては、ベンゾジアゼピン、降圧剤、ビタミン類、細胞増殖抑制剤(特にタキソール)、麻酔剤、神経弛緩薬、抗うつ薬、抗ウイルス活性を有する薬剤(例えば抗HIV活性を有する薬剤など)、抗生物質、抗真菌薬、抗認知症薬、殺菌剤、化学療法剤、泌尿器科用薬、血小板凝集阻害薬、スルホンアミド、鎮痙薬、ホルモン、免疫グロブリン、血清、甲状腺治療薬、向精神薬、抗パーキンソン病薬及び他の抗多動症薬、眼科用薬、神経障害製品、カルシウム代謝調節剤、筋肉弛緩剤、麻酔剤、脂質低下剤、肝治療薬、冠状動脈薬、心臓病薬、免疫療法剤、調節性ペプチド及びそれらの阻害剤、睡眠薬、鎮静薬、婦人科用薬、痛風治療剤、繊維素溶解薬、酵素産物及び輸送タンパク質、酵素阻害剤、催吐剤、血流刺激剤、利尿剤、診断補助薬、コルチコイド、コリン作動薬、胆汁治療剤、抗喘息剤、気管支拡張剤、β受容体遮断薬、カルシウム拮抗薬、ACE阻害剤、動脈硬化治療薬、抗炎症剤、抗凝血剤、降圧剤、抗低血糖薬、降圧剤、抗繊維素溶解薬、抗てんかん薬、制吐剤、解毒剤、抗糖尿病薬、抗不整脈薬、抗貧血薬、抗アレルギー薬、駆虫薬、鎮痛薬、中枢神経興奮剤、アルドステロン拮抗薬、減量薬がある。 Examples that may be mentioned herein include benzodiazepines, antihypertensives, vitamins, cytostatics (especially taxol), anesthetics, neuroleptics, antidepressants, drugs with antiviral activity (eg anti-HIV activity) Drugs), antibiotics, antifungals, nootropics, bactericides, chemotherapeutics, urological drugs, platelet aggregation inhibitors, sulfonamides, antispasmodics, hormones, immunoglobulins, serum, thyroid therapy Drugs, psychotropic drugs, antiparkinsonian drugs and other antihyperactivity drugs, ophthalmic drugs, neuropathy products, calcium metabolism regulators, muscle relaxants, anesthetics, lipid lowering agents, liver treatment drugs, coronary arterial drugs, heart Disease drugs, immunotherapeutic agents, regulatory peptides and their inhibitors, hypnotics, sedatives, gynecologicals, gout treatments, fibrinolytics, enzyme products and transport proteins, enzyme inhibitors, emetics, Flow stimulant, diuretic, diagnostic aid, corticoid, cholinergic agent, bile treatment, anti-asthma, bronchodilator, β receptor blocker, calcium antagonist, ACE inhibitor, arteriosclerosis, anti-inflammatory , Anticoagulant, antihypertensive, antihyperglycemic, antihypertensive, antifibrinolytic, antiepileptic, antiemetic, antidote, antidiabetic, antiarrhythmic, antianemic, antiallergic, There are anthelmintic drugs, analgesics, central nervous stimulants, aldosterone antagonists, weight loss drugs.
可能な製造変法の1つは、適切な場合には穏やかに加熱しながら、可溶化剤を水相に溶解させ、続いて有効成分を可溶化剤水溶液に溶解するものである。同様に、可溶化剤と有効成分を同時に水相に溶解することも可能である。 One possible manufacturing variant is to dissolve the solubilizer in the aqueous phase, followed by gentle heating where appropriate, followed by dissolving the active ingredient in the aqueous solubilizer solution. Similarly, the solubilizer and the active ingredient can be simultaneously dissolved in the aqueous phase.
また、例えば、適切な場合には加熱しながら、有効成分を可溶化剤に分散させ、撹拌しながら水と混合することによって、本発明のコポリマーを可溶化剤として用いることができる。 Also, for example, the copolymer of the present invention can be used as a solubilizer by dispersing the active ingredient in a solubilizer while heating, if appropriate, and mixing with water with stirring.
他の可能性としては、可溶化剤を有効成分と共に溶融して処理することがある。この方法では特に固溶体を得ることが可能である。またこのためには中でも溶融押出プロセスが適している。固溶体を生成するための別の可能性としてはまた、適当な有機溶媒中の可溶化剤及び有効成分の溶液を調製し、続いて通常の方法によって溶媒を除去することがある。 Another possibility is to melt and solubilize the solubilizer with the active ingredient. In particular, it is possible to obtain a solid solution by this method. For this purpose, a melt extrusion process is particularly suitable. Another possibility for producing a solid solution is also to prepare a solution of the solubilizer and the active ingredient in a suitable organic solvent, followed by removal of the solvent by conventional methods.
従って本発明は概して、本発明のコポリマーの少なくとも1つを可溶化剤として含む医薬調製物にも関する。好ましい調製物は、可溶化剤以外に、弱水溶性又は水に不溶性の有効医薬成分であって、例えば上述した適応分野からの成分を含むものである。 The present invention therefore also generally relates to pharmaceutical preparations comprising at least one of the copolymers according to the invention as solubilizer. Preferred preparations are, in addition to solubilizers, active pharmaceutical ingredients that are weakly water-soluble or water-insoluble and contain, for example, the ingredients from the indications mentioned above.
上述したもののなかで特に好ましい医薬調製物は、経口投与可能な製剤である。 Among the above mentioned, particularly preferred pharmaceutical preparations are preparations that can be administered orally.
医薬調製物における本発明の可溶化剤の含有量は、有効成分に応じて、1〜75重量%、好ましくは5〜60重量%、特に好ましくは5〜50重量%の範囲である。 The content of the solubilizer of the present invention in the pharmaceutical preparation is in the range of 1 to 75% by weight, preferably 5 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably 5 to 50% by weight, depending on the active ingredient.
別の特に好ましい実施形態は、有効成分及び可溶化剤が固溶体として存在する医薬調製物に関する。この場合、可溶化剤の有効成分に対する比は、重量に基づいて好ましくは1:1〜4:1であるが、100:1まで可能であり、特に15:1までである。完成した薬物の剤形を用いる際には、第1にその剤形に存在する有効成分の量が有効なものであり、第2にその剤形が経口投与剤形の場合に大きすぎないことにのみ気をつければよい。 Another particularly preferred embodiment relates to a pharmaceutical preparation in which the active ingredient and the solubilizer are present as a solid solution. In this case, the ratio of solubilizer to active ingredient is preferably 1: 1 to 4: 1 based on weight, but can be up to 100: 1, in particular up to 15: 1. When using a completed drug dosage form, first the amount of active ingredient present in the dosage form is effective, and secondly it is not too large when the dosage form is an oral dosage form. You only have to be careful about.
食品調製物のための可溶化剤:
化粧品及び医薬における用途の他、本発明のコポリマーは、食品分野において、弱水溶性又は水に不溶性の栄養物質、助剤又は添加物、例えば脂溶性ビタミン類又はカロテノイド類のための可溶化剤としても好適である。言及することができる例としては、カロテノイドで着色した飲料がある。
Solubilizers for food preparations:
Besides its use in cosmetics and medicine, the copolymers of the invention are used in the food sector as solubilizers for weakly water-soluble or water-insoluble nutrients, auxiliaries or additives such as fat-soluble vitamins or carotenoids. Is also suitable. Examples that may be mentioned are beverages colored with carotenoids.
作物保護調製物のための可溶化剤:
農芸化学における本発明のコポリマーの可溶化剤としての使用は、中でも農薬、除草剤、殺真菌剤又は殺虫剤を含む製剤、特に散布又は散水用の製剤として用いられる作物保護薬の調製物などを含みうる。
Solubilizers for crop protection preparations:
The use of the copolymer of the present invention as a solubilizer in agrochemicals includes, inter alia, preparations containing agricultural chemicals, herbicides, fungicides or insecticides, especially preparations of crop protection agents used as preparations for spraying or watering. May be included.
本発明のコポリマーは、特に良好な可溶化効果を有する点で優れている。これらはまた、弱溶性物質といわゆる固溶体を形成することができる。本発明においては、固溶体とは、弱溶性物質のどの部分も目視検査において明らかに結晶とならない系を意味する。さらに、安定な固溶体の目視検査において、明らかに非晶質の成分がない。目視検査は、40×倍率で光学顕微鏡を用いて行う。 The copolymer of the present invention is excellent in that it has a particularly good solubilizing effect. They can also form so-called solid solutions with weakly soluble substances. In the present invention, the solid solution means a system in which any part of the weakly soluble substance is not clearly crystallized by visual inspection. Furthermore, there is clearly no amorphous component in visual inspection of stable solid solutions. Visual inspection is performed using an optical microscope at 40 × magnification.
以下の実施例において、本発明のコポリマーの調製及び使用をより詳細に説明する。 In the following examples, the preparation and use of the copolymers of the invention are described in more detail.
<コポリマーの調製>
使用する略語:
VCap:N−ビニルカプロラクタム
VP:N−ビニルピロリドン
VAc:酢酸ビニル
PEG:ポリエチレングリコール
<Preparation of copolymer>
Abbreviations used:
VCap: N-vinylcaprolactam VP: N-vinylpyrrolidone VAc: vinyl acetate PEG: polyethylene glycol
<実施例1>
最初の投入分:165.0gの酢酸エチル
100.0gのPEG6000
20.0gの酢酸ビニル
10.50gのフィード2
フィード1:500gのビニルカプロラクタム
180gの酢酸ビニル
100gの酢酸エチル
フィード2:10.50gのt−ブチルペルエチルヘキサノエート(98重量%純度)
94.50gの酢酸エチル
<Example 1>
First charge: 165.0 g ethyl acetate
100.0 g PEG6000
20.0 g vinyl acetate
10.50g feed 2
Feed 1: 500 g vinylcaprolactam
180g vinyl acetate
100 g ethyl acetate feed 2: 10.50 g t-butyl perethyl hexanoate (98 wt% purity)
94.50 g ethyl acetate
最初の投入分をフィード2の分量を加えないでN2雰囲気下で77℃にて撹拌装置において加熱した。内部温度が77℃に達したときにフィード2の分量を加え、最初の重合を15分間行った。続いて、フィード1を5時間かけて、フィード2を2時間かけて計量投入(meter)した。全てのフィードを計量投入した後、反応混合物をさらに3時間かけて重合した。このさらなる重合の後、反応混合物を500mlの水で希釈した。揮発性成分を蒸気蒸留によって除去した。水溶液を凍結乾燥した。コポリマーは、摩砕後に流動性の高い粉末として得られた。 The first charge was heated in a stirrer at 77 ° C. under N 2 atmosphere without adding the feed 2 quantity. When the internal temperature reached 77 ° C, a portion of feed 2 was added and the initial polymerization was carried out for 15 minutes. Subsequently, feed 1 was metered over 5 hours and feed 2 over 2 hours. After all feeds were metered in, the reaction mixture was polymerized for an additional 3 hours. After this further polymerization, the reaction mixture was diluted with 500 ml of water. Volatile components were removed by steam distillation. The aqueous solution was lyophilized. The copolymer was obtained as a highly flowable powder after milling.
さらに実施例2〜5のコポリマーを、わずかに組成を変更して同様に調製した。 In addition, the copolymers of Examples 2-5 were similarly prepared with a slight composition change.
<実施例2>
最初の投入分:165gの酢酸エチル
100.0gのPEG6000
22.0gの酢酸ビニル
10.50gのフィード2
フィード1:480gのビニルカプロラクタム
198gの酢酸ビニル
100gの酢酸エチル
フィード2:10.50gのt−ブチルペルエチルヘキサノエート(98重量%純度)
94.50gの酢酸エチル
<Example 2>
First charge: 165 g ethyl acetate
100.0 g PEG6000
22.0 g vinyl acetate
10.50g feed 2
Feed 1: 480 g of vinylcaprolactam
198g vinyl acetate
100 g ethyl acetate feed 2: 10.50 g t-butyl perethyl hexanoate (98 wt% purity)
94.50 g ethyl acetate
<実施例3>
最初の投入分:25gの酢酸エチル
104.0gのPEG6000
1.0gのフィード2
フィード1:240gの酢酸ビニル
フィード2:456gのビニルカプロラクタム
240gの酢酸エチル
フィード3:10.44gのt−ブチルペルピバレート(75重量%純度、脂肪族化合物の混合物)
67.90gの酢酸エチル
<Example 3>
First charge: 25 g ethyl acetate
104.0 g of PEG6000
1.0g feed 2
Feed 1: 240 g vinyl acetate Feed 2: 456 g vinyl caprolactam
240 g ethyl acetate feed 3: 10.44 g t-butyl perpivalate (75 wt% purity, mixture of aliphatic compounds)
67.90 g ethyl acetate
<実施例4>
最初の投入分:25gの酢酸エチル
112.0gのPEG6000
1.0gのフィード2
フィード1:408gのビニルカプロラクタム
280gの酢酸ビニル
240gの酢酸エチル
フィード2:10.32gのt−ブチルペルピバレート(75重量%純度、脂肪族化合物の混合物)
67.10gの酢酸エチル
<Example 4>
First charge: 25 g ethyl acetate
112.0 g of PEG6000
1.0g feed 2
Feed 1: 408 g vinylcaprolactam
280 g vinyl acetate
240 g ethyl acetate feed 2: 10.32 g t-butyl perpivalate (75 wt% purity, mixture of aliphatic compounds)
67.10 g of ethyl acetate
<実施例5>
最初の投入分:25gの酢酸エチル
112.0gのPEG6000
1.0gのフィード2
フィード1:428.0gのビニルカプロラクタム
260.0gの酢酸ビニル
240gの酢酸エチル
フィード2:10.32gのt−ブチルペルピバレート(75重量%純度、脂肪族化合物の混合物)
67.10gの酢酸エチル
<Example 5>
First charge: 25 g ethyl acetate
112.0 g of PEG6000
1.0g feed 2
Feed 1: 428.0 g vinylcaprolactam
260.0 g vinyl acetate
240 g ethyl acetate feed 2: 10.32 g t-butyl perpivalate (75 wt% purity, mixture of aliphatic compounds)
67.10 g of ethyl acetate
<実施例6〜17>
最初の投入分:50gの酢酸ブチル、150.0gのPEG6000、1.0gのフィード3
フィード1:500gのVCap、120.0gの酢酸ブチル
フィード2:350.0gのVAc、80.0gの酢酸ブチル
フィード3:12.75gのt−ブチルペルピバレート(75重量%純度、脂肪族化合物の混合物)、117.25gの酢酸ブチル
<Examples 6 to 17>
Initial charge: 50 g butyl acetate, 150.0 g PEG6000, 1.0 g feed 3
Feed 1: 500 g VCap, 120.0 g butyl acetate feed 2: 350.0 g VAc, 80.0 g butyl acetate feed 3: 12.75 g t-butyl perpivalate (75 wt% purity, aliphatic compound ) 117.25 g butyl acetate
最初の投入分をN2雰囲気下で77℃にて撹拌装置において加熱した。その温度に到達したときにフィード1、フィード2及びフィード3を開始した。フィード1を5時間かけて、フィード2を2時間かけて、フィード3を5.5時間かけて計量投入した。全てのフィードを計量投入した後、反応混合物をさらに4時間かけて重合した。このさらなる重合の後、反応混合物を500mlの溶媒で希釈した。揮発性成分を蒸気蒸留によって除去した。水溶液を凍結乾燥した。コポリマーは、摩砕後に流動性の高い粉末として得られた。 The first charge was heated in a stirrer at 77 ° C. under N 2 atmosphere. When that temperature was reached, Feed 1, Feed 2 and Feed 3 were started. Feed 1 was metered in over 5 hours, feed 2 over 2 hours, and feed 3 over 5.5 hours. After all feeds were metered in, the reaction mixture was polymerized for an additional 4 hours. After this further polymerization, the reaction mixture was diluted with 500 ml of solvent. Volatile components were removed by steam distillation. The aqueous solution was lyophilized. The copolymer was obtained as a highly flowable powder after milling.
同様に実施例7〜17のコポリマーを調製した。
<実施例18>
最初の投入分:40gの酢酸エチル、120.0gのPEG6000、1.28gのフィード2
フィード1:400gのVCap、280.0gの酢酸ビニル、225.0gの酢酸エチル
フィード2:10.2gのt−ブチルペルピバレート(75重量%純度、脂肪族化合物の混合物)、118.4gの酢酸エチル
<Example 18>
Initial charge: 40 g ethyl acetate, 120.0 g PEG6000, 1.28 g feed 2
Feed 1: 400 g VCap, 280.0 g vinyl acetate, 225.0 g ethyl acetate feed 2: 10.2 g t-butyl perpivalate (75 wt% purity, mixture of aliphatic compounds), 118.4 g Ethyl acetate
最初の投入分をN2雰囲気下で撹拌装置において77℃まで加熱した。その温度に到達したときにフィードを開始した。フィード1を5時間かけて、フィード2を5.5時間かけて計量投入した。全てのフィードを計量投入した後、反応混合物をさらに3時間かけて重合した。このさらなる重合の後、反応混合物を約500mlの溶媒で希釈した。揮発性成分を蒸気蒸留によって除去した。水溶液を凍結乾燥した。コポリマーは、摩砕後に流動性の高い粉末として得られた。 The first charge was heated to 77 ° C. in a stirrer under N 2 atmosphere. Feeding started when that temperature was reached. Feed 1 was metered in over 5 hours and feed 2 over 5.5 hours. After all feeds were metered in, the reaction mixture was polymerized for an additional 3 hours. After this further polymerization, the reaction mixture was diluted with about 500 ml of solvent. Volatile components were removed by steam distillation. The aqueous solution was lyophilized. The copolymer was obtained as a highly flowable powder after milling.
<実施例19>
湯浴温度85℃にてt−ブチルペルエチルヘキサノエートを用いて、実施例18と同様に行った。
<Example 19>
The same procedure as in Example 18 was performed using t-butyl perethyl hexanoate at a water bath temperature of 85 ° C.
<実施例20>
以下のフィードを用いて、実施例19と同様に行った:
最初の投入分:120.0gのPEG6000
フィード1:160gのVCap、280.0gの酢酸ビニル、50.0gの酢酸エチル
フィード2:10.2gのt−ブチルペルピバレート(75重量%純度、脂肪族化合物の混合物)、91.80gの酢酸エチル
フィード3:240gのVCap、242.0gの酢酸エチル
<Example 20>
As in Example 19, using the following feed:
First charge: 120.0 g PEG6000
Feed 1: 160 g VCap, 280.0 g vinyl acetate, 50.0 g ethyl acetate feed 2: 10.2 g t-butyl perpivalate (75 wt% purity, mixture of aliphatic compounds), 91.80 g Ethyl acetate feed 3: 240 g VCap, 242.0 g ethyl acetate
フィード1を2時間かけて、フィード2を5.5時間かけて添加した。フィード3はフィード1が終了した直後に開始した。 Feed 1 was added over 2 hours and Feed 2 was added over 5.5 hours. Feed 3 started immediately after feed 1 ended.
<実施例21>
モノマー組成(重量%)を15 PEG/55 VCap/30 Vacとして、実施例19と同様に行った。
<Example 21>
The monomer composition (% by weight) was set to 15 PEG / 55 VCap / 30 Vac.
<実施例22>
溶媒としてt−ブタノールを用いて、実施例19と同様に行った。
<Example 22>
The same procedure as in Example 19 was performed using t-butanol as a solvent.
<実施例23>
実施例18と同様に行って、さらなる重合の終了後に、81.6gの酢酸エチル中の9.07gのt−ブチルペルピバレートを添加し、その後さらに2時間重合を行って残渣のモノマーを低減させた。
<Example 23>
As in Example 18, after the completion of further polymerization, 9.07 g of t-butyl perpivalate in 81.6 g of ethyl acetate was added, followed by additional 2 hours of polymerization to reduce residual monomer. I let you.
<実施例24>
モノマー組成(重量%)を15 PEG/50 VCap/35 VAcとして、二倍量で、90℃にて加圧装置において、実施例21と同様に行った。この場合、0.2MPaの領域の圧力に設定した。
<Example 24>
The monomer composition (% by weight) was set to 15 PEG / 50 VCap / 35 VAc, and the same amount as in Example 21 was performed in a pressurizing apparatus at 90 ° C. in double amount. In this case, the pressure was set in the region of 0.2 MPa.
<実施例25>
噴霧乾燥
実施例18と同様に調製したポリマーを噴霧乾燥した。乾燥は直接行った:
噴霧器:二流体ノズル、1.3mmテフロン(登録商標)
添加物:なし
固形分:15重量%
入口温度:121℃
出口温度:55℃
収率:77%
色:白色
粉末特性:わずかに塊がある
<Example 25>
Spray Drying A polymer prepared as in Example 18 was spray dried. Drying was done directly:
Nebulizer: Two-fluid nozzle, 1.3 mm Teflon (registered trademark)
Additive: None Solid content: 15% by weight
Inlet temperature: 121 ° C
Outlet temperature: 55 ° C
Yield: 77%
Color: White Powder characteristics: Slightly clumped
噴霧補助剤(添加物)としてコロイドシリカを添加することによって既に良好な特性が改善され、流動性の高い粉末が得られた。 Addition of colloidal silica as a spraying aid (additive) has already improved good properties and a highly flowable powder was obtained.
<実施例26>
実施例1のように得られたポリマー水溶液を、実施例25と同様に噴霧乾燥によって処理した。
<Example 26>
The aqueous polymer solution obtained as in Example 1 was treated by spray drying as in Example 25.
比較のため、EP−A 953437(実施例1、3;表1)に記載の以下の組成のグラフトコポリマーを調製した:
比較例A:70重量%のVAc、30重量%のPEG6000
比較例B:70重量%のVAc、30重量%のPEG1500
これらのポリマーは顕著な粘着性を示した。
For comparison, a graft copolymer of the following composition described in EP-A 953437 (Examples 1, 3; Table 1) was prepared:
Comparative Example A: 70 wt% VAc, 30 wt% PEG6000
Comparative Example B: 70% by weight VAc, 30% by weight PEG 1500
These polymers showed significant tackiness.
<固溶体の調製:一般的な手順>
ポリマー−有効成分混合物は、重量比1:1の有効成分とポリマーを適当なガラス容器(それぞれ2g)に計量投入し、続いて16mlのジメチルホルムアミドを溶媒として添加することによって作製した。混合物を磁性撹拌器で20℃にて24時間撹拌した。次に溶液を120μmナイフを用いてガラスプレートに塗布した。このプレートをドラフト内で室温にて0.5時間乾燥した後、乾燥炉内で50℃で10mbarにてさらに0.5時間乾燥して、定量的に溶媒を除去した。その後、サンプルを目視検査した。膜が透明であり、有効成分が7日後に結晶化しなかった場合には、有効成分がポリマー中に安定に溶解したものとして評価した(表1に50と表示)。50重量%の有効成分含量では固溶体が得られない場合には、33重量%の有効成分の投入によって実験を反復実施し、安定な固溶体の形成を上記と同じように評価した(表に33と表示)。
<Preparation of solid solution: general procedure>
The polymer-active ingredient mixture was made by metering a 1: 1 weight ratio of active ingredient and polymer into a suitable glass container (2 g each) followed by addition of 16 ml dimethylformamide as solvent. The mixture was stirred with a magnetic stirrer at 20 ° C. for 24 hours. The solution was then applied to a glass plate using a 120 μm knife. The plate was dried in a fume hood at room temperature for 0.5 hour and then further dried in a drying oven at 50 ° C. and 10 mbar for 0.5 hour to quantitatively remove the solvent. The sample was then visually inspected. When the film was transparent and the active ingredient did not crystallize after 7 days, the active ingredient was evaluated as stably dissolved in the polymer (indicated as 50 in Table 1). If a solid solution could not be obtained with an active ingredient content of 50% by weight, the experiment was repeated with the addition of 33% by weight of active ingredient, and the formation of a stable solid solution was evaluated in the same manner as above (33 in the table). display).
<固溶体の安定性>
比較例A及びBのポリマーを用いた場合には、安定な固溶体は得られなかった。 When the polymers of Comparative Examples A and B were used, a stable solid solution was not obtained.
<可溶化物(solubilizate)の調製>
2gのコポリマーをガラスビーカーに計量投入した。次に各混合物に薬物を投入し、以下のように過飽和溶液を得た。投入した塊が培地に溶解した場合、堆積物が形成されるまでその重量を増加させた。
<Preparation of solubilizate>
2 g of copolymer was weighed into a glass beaker. Next, a drug was added to each mixture to obtain a supersaturated solution as follows. If the input mass was dissolved in the medium, its weight was increased until a deposit was formed.
投入した有効成分の量:17−β−エストラジオール0.2g;ピロキシカム0.2;クロトリマゾール0.2g;カルバマゼピン0.3g;ケトコナゾール0.25g;グリセオフルビン0.25g;シンナリジン0.25g。 Amount of active ingredient charged: 0.2-β-estradiol 0.2 g; piroxicam 0.2; clotrimazole 0.2 g; carbamazepine 0.3 g; ketoconazole 0.25 g; griseofulvin 0.25 g; cinnarizine 0.25 g.
続いて、可溶化剤及びリン酸バッファーが重量比1:10で存在するようになるまでリン酸バッファー(pH7.0)を添加した。磁性撹拌器を用いてこの混合物を20℃にて72時間撹拌した。その後少なくとも1時間の静止時間をもうけた。混合物をろ過した後、測光法により調べ、有効成分の含量を測定した。
37℃での可溶化は、上述の方法と同様に測定した。
<不粘着処理性の尺度としてのガラス転移温度Tgの決定>
さらに、可溶化剤ポリマー及び有効成分(例としてカルバマゼピンを含む)からなる本発明の固溶体(錠剤として製剤化)の放出挙動を、可溶化剤ポリマーを含まずに有効成分のみを含む錠剤の放出挙動と比較した。以下の錠剤組成をこの実験に使用した。
固溶体を乳鉢で粉末にし、粒径を200μmの範囲とした。ステアリン酸マグネシウムを除く別の賦形剤を表に示す通りに添加し、Turbulaミキサーで10分間混合した。次に、錠剤にステアリン酸マグネシウムの表示量を添加し、再度Turbulaミキサーで2分間混合した。混合物を、12mmの穿孔を有するEK0偏心プレスにおいて15kNの圧縮力で打錠した。 The solid solution was powdered in a mortar and the particle size was in the range of 200 μm. Additional excipients, excluding magnesium stearate, were added as indicated in the table and mixed with a Turbula mixer for 10 minutes. Next, the indicated amount of magnesium stearate was added to the tablet and mixed again for 2 minutes with a Turbula mixer. The mixture was tabletted with a compression force of 15 kN in an EK0 eccentric press with 12 mm perforations.
錠剤からの放出は、0.08M HCl(300ml)中22℃にて測定した。サンプルを10μmフィルターを通してろ過し、カルバマゼピン含量を286nmにおけるUV分光分析によって測定した。
Claims (11)
i)40〜60重量%のN−ビニルカプロラクタム、
ii)15〜35重量%の酢酸ビニル、及び
iii)10〜30重量%のポリエーテル
(ただし、成分i)、ii)及びiii)の総量は100重量%に等しい)
の混合物のフリーラジカル重合によって得られる水溶性又は水分散性コポリマーの、医薬調製物における弱水溶性有効成分のための可溶化剤としての使用であって、前記医薬調製物において前記有効成分及び前記可溶化剤が固溶体として存在する、前記使用。 Less than:
i) 40 ~ 60 wt% of N- vinyl Kapuro lactam,
ii) 15 to 35 % by weight of vinyl acetate, and iii) 10 to 30 % by weight of polyether (where the total amount of components i), ii) and iii) is equal to 100% by weight)
Mixture free of water-soluble or water-dispersible copolymer obtained by radical polymerization of, a use as a solubilizing agent for the weak water-soluble active ingredient in pharmaceutical preparations, the active ingredient and the in the pharmaceutical preparations Such use, wherein the solubilizer is present as a solid solution .
i)40〜60重量%のN−ビニルカプロラクタム、
ii)15〜35重量%の酢酸ビニル、及び
iii)10〜30重量%のポリエーテル
(ただし、成分i)、ii)及びiii)の総量は100重量%に等しい)
の混合物のフリーラジカル重合によって得られる水溶性又は水分散性コポリマーを可溶化剤として含む弱水溶性有効成分の医薬調製物。 Less than:
i) 40 ~ 60 wt% of N- vinyl Kapuro lactam,
ii) 15 to 35 % by weight of vinyl acetate, and iii) 10 to 30 % by weight of polyether (where the total amount of components i), ii) and iii) is equal to 100% by weight)
A pharmaceutical preparation of a weakly water-soluble active ingredient comprising a water-soluble or water-dispersible copolymer obtained by free radical polymerization of a mixture of
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DE102005053066A DE102005053066A1 (en) | 2005-11-04 | 2005-11-04 | Use of copolymers as solubilizers for sparingly water-soluble compounds |
DE102005053066.4 | 2005-11-04 | ||
PCT/EP2006/067747 WO2007051743A2 (en) | 2005-11-04 | 2006-10-25 | Use of a copolymer in the form of a solubiliser for a poorly water-soluble compound |
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EP (1) | EP1945183B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5409006B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101299994B (en) |
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WO2007051743A2 (en) | 2007-05-10 |
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EP1945183B1 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
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US8632763B2 (en) | 2014-01-21 |
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