JP5315661B2 - Fuel cell-equipped vehicle, fuel cell control device, and control method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle equipped with a fuel cell as a power source, and more particularly to output control of a fuel cell system.

  A fuel cell mounted as a power source in a vehicle requires a relatively large output, but when starting under a low-temperature condition such as below freezing, the vehicle will run immediately after startup due to low catalyst activity. The required output may not be obtained. Thus, when starting the fuel cell under low temperature conditions, the fuel cell is started up to increase the temperature, and when the vehicle reaches a rated operating state where the output required for normal driving of the vehicle is obtained, There are cases where a control method for permitting traveling is taken. As such a control technique, for example, the following Patent Document 1 is known.

JP 2004-296338 A

  However, in this method, even if the vehicle requires only a small output, the vehicle cannot be driven until the fuel cell is in a rated operation state. Specifically, for example, when the vehicle is discharged from the garage by slow driving, even if the fuel cell is in a state where the output necessary for the slow driving can be obtained, the output necessary for normal driving cannot be obtained. If it is in the state, permission to travel was not obtained. In such a case, the driver had to wait more than necessary for the start-up operation of the fuel cell. Such a problem is not limited to a vehicle equipped with a fuel cell, and is a problem common to various devices using a fuel cell as a power source.

  In view of the above problems, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to perform efficient start-up control according to the situation in an apparatus using a fuel cell as a power source.

SUMMARY An advantage of some aspects of the invention is to solve at least a part of the problems described above, and the invention can be implemented as the following forms or application examples.
One aspect of the present invention is a vehicle on which a fuel cell is mounted, the driving source driving the vehicle using power generated by the fuel cell as a power source, and the fuel cell reaching an operating temperature of a rated operation. A starting operation means for starting the fuel cell; an output request grasping means for grasping an output request value required for the fuel cell when driving the drive source; and the grasped during the starting operation. Starting control means for performing start control for allowing the fuel cell to output at least part of the output to the drive source when the output request value is equal to or less than a predetermined value, the output request grasping means, Means for ascertaining the position of the vehicle; storage means for storing an output request value at the time of starting below the freezing point of the fuel cell detected in the past in association with the grasped position of the vehicle; and Estimation means for estimating an output request value required for the fuel cell based on a force request value and a position of the vehicle, and the predetermined value is estimated from the temperature and impedance of the fuel cell The vehicle is the maximum output value that the fuel cell can output to the drive source.

Application Example 1 A vehicle equipped with a fuel cell as a power source,
Start-up operation means for performing the start-up operation of the fuel cell until the fuel cell reaches the operating temperature of the rated operation;
An output request grasping means for grasping an output request for the vehicle;
Start control means for performing start control for permitting the fuel cell to output at least a part of the output as a drive source of the vehicle when the grasped output request is equal to or less than a predetermined value during the start operation; Vehicle equipped with.

  A vehicle having such a configuration recognizes an output request to the vehicle, and permits the output of at least a part of the output as a vehicle drive source when the output request is equal to or less than a predetermined value during the start-up operation of the fuel cell. Perform startup control. Therefore, since the output as the drive source can be flexibly permitted in response to the output request, efficient start control can be performed. In addition, the time from the start of the fuel cell start-up operation until the vehicle can travel can be shortened.

[Application Example 2] The vehicle according to Application Example 1, wherein the output request grasping means estimates the output request for the vehicle based on the storage means for storing the output request detected in the past and the stored output request. A vehicle comprising an estimation means.

  The vehicle having such a configuration stores output requests detected in the past, and estimates output requests for the vehicle based on the output requests. Therefore, since the output request is estimated based on the past results, the start control can be performed with a certain certainty.

[Application Example 3] The vehicle according to Application Example 2, wherein the output request grasping means further includes means for grasping the position of the vehicle, and the storage means includes the position of the vehicle where the detected output request is grasped. A vehicle that associates and stores, and the estimation means estimates an output request for the vehicle based on the stored output request and the position of the vehicle.

  Since the vehicle having such a configuration estimates the output request based on the stored output request and the position of the vehicle associated therewith, the position where the vehicle is placed is a place where slow driving is necessary, or a high-speed operation is performed. The output request can be estimated by reflecting the position condition such as whether the vehicle can be driven. Therefore, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the output request estimation.

Application Example 4 The vehicle according to any one of Application Examples 1 to 3, wherein the predetermined value is a fuel cell output possible value estimated from the temperature and impedance of the fuel cell.

  The vehicle having such a configuration estimates the possible output value of the fuel cell from the temperature and impedance, and permits the output as the drive source when the output request is equal to or less than the allowable output value. Therefore, the output possible value of the fuel cell can be easily estimated. In addition, since the output as the drive source is permitted after confirming that the vehicle can respond to the output request, reliable start-up control can be performed.

Application Example 5 The vehicle according to any one of Application Examples 1 to 3, wherein the predetermined value is a fuel cell output possible value estimated from the fuel cell temperature and current value.

  The vehicle having such a configuration estimates the possible output value of the fuel cell from the temperature and the current value, and permits the output as the drive source when the output request is equal to or less than the allowable output value. Therefore, the output possible value of the fuel cell can be easily estimated. In addition, since the output as the drive source is permitted after confirming that the vehicle can respond to the output request, reliable start-up control can be performed.

Application Example 6 The vehicle according to any one of Application Examples 1 to 5, wherein the activation control unit performs activation control when the temperature of the fuel cell when the activation operation unit starts the activation operation is equal to or lower than a predetermined value. .

  The vehicle having such a configuration performs start-up control when the temperature of the fuel cell at the start of start-up operation is not more than a predetermined value. That is, when the fuel cell temperature is high and a predetermined output can be performed quickly, the start-up control is not performed, and when the fuel cell temperature is low and the predetermined output cannot be performed for a considerable period, the start-up is not performed. Take control. Therefore, activation control can be performed efficiently according to the situation.

[Application Example 7] A vehicle according to any one of Application Examples 1 to 6, further comprising notification means for notifying permission when the start control means permits output.

  The vehicle having such a configuration notifies that the start control means has permitted the output, so that the driver can quickly know that the vehicle can be driven.

[Application Example 8] The vehicle according to Application Example 7, wherein the notification means notifies the permitted degree of output.

  Since the vehicle having such a configuration reports the degree of permitted output, the driver knows the range of possible driving and can perform appropriate driving within that range.

  The present invention can be configured as a control device and a control method for a fuel cell in addition to the above-described configuration as a vehicle.

Examples of the present invention will be described.
A. Example:
A-1. General structure of fuel cell vehicle:
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a fuel cell vehicle 10 as an embodiment of the present invention. The fuel cell vehicle 10 includes a fuel cell system 20, a power conversion mechanism 40, a vehicle auxiliary device 50, a drive motor 62, a reduction gear 64, drive wheels 66, a control unit 70, and the like.

  The fuel cell vehicle 10 travels using a drive motor 62 connected to a drive wheel 66 via a reduction gear 64 as a drive force source. The power source of the drive motor 62 is electric power generated by the fuel cell system 20.

  The power conversion mechanism 40 includes an inverter, a battery, and the like, converts the direct current output from the fuel cell system 20 into a three-phase alternating current and supplies it to the drive motor 62, or stores surplus power in the battery. The vehicle auxiliary machine 50 is a variety of power equipment used when the fuel cell vehicle 10 is operated, and includes lighting equipment, air conditioning equipment, a hydraulic pump, and the like. The above-described battery is used to supply power to such a vehicle accessory 50.

  The fuel cell system 20 is a system that generates electrical energy as a power source of the fuel cell vehicle 10 by an electrochemical reaction. The fuel cell system 20 includes a fuel cell stack 21, a hydrogen supply / discharge mechanism 22, an air supply / discharge mechanism 23, and a cooling water circulation mechanism 30.

  The fuel cell stack 21 is a fuel cell in which a plurality of laminate assemblies each including an anode, a cathode, an electrolyte, a separator, and the like are stacked. In the present embodiment, a solid polymer fuel cell is used, but various fuel cells can be used. An impedance meter 25 capable of measuring the impedance of the fuel cell stack 21 and an ammeter 26 are attached to the fuel cell stack 21. The impedance meter 25 is an AC type.

  Further, a temperature sensor 27 is attached to the fuel cell stack 21 so that the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack 21 can be grasped. In this embodiment, the thermistor is used as the temperature sensor 27, but another temperature sensor such as a thermocouple may be used. Note that the operation temperature of the fuel cell stack 21 is not limited to the above-described configuration, the configuration estimated from the temperature of the outlet of the fuel cell stack 21 of cooling water described later, exhaust gas from the anode (anode offgas) described later, Various configurations such as a configuration estimated from the temperature of exhaust gas (cathode off-gas) from the cathode can be used.

  The hydrogen supply / discharge mechanism 22 includes a hydrogen tank, a shut valve, a regulator, a circulation pump, piping, and the like (not shown), and adjusts the pressure and supply amount of the high-pressure hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank to adjust the fuel cell stack 21. The exhaust gas from the anode (anode off gas) is discharged out of the system. A mechanism for discharging the anode off-gas to the outside of the system is not necessary when the fuel cell stack 21 is an anode dead end type fuel cell that uses up the supplied hydrogen at the anode and does not discharge the anode off-gas.

  The air supply / discharge mechanism 23 includes an air cleaner, an air compressor, a diluter, a pipe, and the like. The air supply / discharge mechanism 23 supplies air as an oxidizing gas to the cathode of the fuel cell stack 21 and exhausts exhaust gas (cathode offgas) from the cathode outside the system. To discharge.

  The cooling water circulation mechanism 30 is a mechanism for circulating the cooling water in order to adjust the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack 21. The cooling water circulates between the radiator 31 and the cooling water flow path provided inside the fuel cell stack 21 via the circulation pump 32 and the circulation pipe 37, and the heat radiation in the radiator 31 and the fuel cell stack 21 are circulated. Repeat endothermic heat.

  The circulation pipe 37 is provided with three-way valves 35, 36. By switching these valves, the circulation route of the cooling water is changed between the fuel cell stack 21 and the radiator 31 and the fuel cell stack 21. Switching between the heater 34 and the heater 34 is possible. When the fuel cell vehicle 10 is started under a low temperature condition such as below freezing point, a sufficient output cannot be obtained from the fuel cell system 20 because the activity of the catalyst is low or the proton conductivity of the electrolyte is low. Also, it may take a long time to start up until a sufficient output is obtained. In such a case, the circulation route of the cooling water is switched from the radiator 31 to the heater 34, and the cooling water that has absorbed heat by the heater 34 is dissipated by the fuel cell stack 21 to raise the temperature of the fuel cell stack 21. A warm-up operation is performed. By doing so, the start-up time until the fuel cell system 20 can obtain the required output can be shortened.

  In this embodiment, a thermoelectric heater is used as the heater 34 and the fuel cell stack 21 is warmed up by heat exchange between the cooling water and the electric heater. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. Various configurations are possible. For example, the heat source is not limited to electric energy, and other heat sources may be used, such as burning fuel such as hydrogen in a combustor and using the exhaust heat thereof, or heating the cooling water. Not only the configuration, but also a configuration in which the fuel cell stack 21 is directly heated by an electric heater installed on the outer periphery of the fuel cell stack 21 or a configuration in which the reaction gas supplied to the anode and the cathode is heated. May be.

  Each component device of the fuel cell vehicle 10 described above is controlled by the control unit 70. The control unit 70 is configured as a microcomputer including a CPU, a RAM, and a ROM therein, and a startup operation unit 72, an output request grasping unit 73, and a program stored in the ROM are expanded and executed in the RAM. In addition to functioning as an activation control unit 74 and a permission notification unit 75, it receives input signals from the accelerator 82 and various sensors 84 and sends instruction signals to various loads 86. The control unit 70 also includes a non-volatile memory 76 such as an EEPROM. Specific functions of these functional units and the memory 76 will be described later.

  The above-described accelerator 82 includes an accelerator sensor that replaces the amount of depression of the accelerator pedal by the driver with an electric signal, and outputs a voltage that changes according to the amount of depression (hereinafter referred to as accelerator opening) to the control unit 70. To do. In this embodiment, the hall element is used as the accelerator sensor, but various sensors such as a differential transformer system and a variable resistor potentiometer can be used.

A-2. Startup control processing:
A startup control process of the fuel cell vehicle 10 of the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the flow of activation control processing. The start control process is a long time for starting the fuel cell system 20 until sufficient output for driving the fuel cell vehicle 10 can be obtained, such as when starting the fuel cell system 20 under a low temperature condition such as below freezing. This is the output control performed on the fuel cell vehicle 10 when it is necessary. This process is started when the driver performs an operation for starting the fuel cell vehicle 10.

  When the fuel cell vehicle 10 is activated by the driver, the control unit 70 first determines whether the activation temperature T0 of the fuel cell stack 21 measured by the temperature sensor 27 is less than a predetermined threshold temperature Th. (Step S100). The threshold temperature Th is a temperature at which an output necessary for normal traveling of the fuel cell vehicle 10 can be output immediately after the fuel cell system 20 is started, and may be appropriately set according to a required level of speed. However, in this example, the temperature was set to 0 ° C.

  As a result, if the starting temperature T0 is equal to or higher than the threshold temperature Th (step S100: NO), it is possible that the fuel cell system 20 can output an output necessary for running the fuel cell vehicle 10 immediately after starting. And the activation control process is completed. In this embodiment, after the start control process is completed, the operation mode is switched to the steady operation mode, the control unit 70 continues the start operation, and the fuel cell system 20 reaches the rated operation. The output is allowed.

  On the other hand, if the starting temperature T0 is lower than the threshold temperature Th (step S100: YES), the temperature at which the fuel cell system 20 cannot output an output necessary for traveling of the fuel cell vehicle 10 for a considerable period after the starting. It is under the condition. Therefore, the control unit 70 calls the output request learning value Pi stored in the memory 76 as a process of the output request grasping unit 73 (step S110).

  In the present embodiment, this output request learning value Pi is the fuel immediately after the fuel cell vehicle 10 can travel when the fuel cell vehicle 10 was started below the freezing point (hereinafter referred to as below freezing point startup). This is a required output value for the battery car 10 and is used to estimate the required output value required when the fuel cell car 10 starts to travel. Specifically, the output request learning value Pi can be obtained as follows, for example. The control unit 70 is in a state where the fuel cell vehicle 10 can travel (a state in which the fuel cell system 20 can output only enough for traveling) at the time of starting below freezing point until a predetermined elapsed time t1 elapses. During this period, the accelerator opening degree at which depression of the accelerator 82 by the driver is detected is stored in the RAM in association with the elapsed time. FIG. 3 conceptually shows the stored accelerator opening. Then, by the elapsed time t1, the maximum predetermined value is extracted as the accelerator opening learning value Ai among the accelerator openings that continuously become the predetermined value or more for the predetermined time t2 (see FIG. 3). The accelerator opening learned value Ai (%) thus extracted is converted into an output request value (W) and stored in the memory 76 as an output request learned value Pi.

  In the present embodiment, the output request value at the previous start of below freezing point is stored as the output request learning value Pi. However, the method for setting the output request learning value Pi is not limited to this mode, and various modes are available. Is possible. For example, the output request value at the previous operation may be simply used. Alternatively, a plurality of output request values such as the previous operation and the previous operation may be stored, and the average value, the minimum value, or the like may be called as the output request learning value Pi. By so doing, it is possible to take into account fluctuations in the past required output value, and therefore it is possible to improve the estimated accuracy of the required output value.

  Furthermore, output request values for a plurality of times are stored in association with position information by GPS (Global Positioning System), and output request values associated with position information that matches the current position of the fuel cell vehicle 10 are output. It may be called as the required learning value Pi. In this way, for example, whether the fuel cell vehicle 10 is parked facing a narrow alley where slow driving is required, or whether it is parked along a main street capable of high speed driving. Since the output request value can be estimated by reflecting it, the estimation accuracy of the output request value can be improved. Note that the position information is not limited to information grasped by the GPS, but may be input by the driver using an instrument panel or the like. Further, the position information may be information representing a place such as a home or a company.

  When the output request learning value Pi is called, the control unit 70 starts activation of the fuel cell system 20 as processing of the activation operation unit 72 (step S120). In this embodiment, since it is determined in step S100 that the temperature of the fuel cell stack 21 is below the freezing point, the warm-up operation is started. Note that the warm-up operation is not essential, and the start-up operation of the fuel cell system 20 may be performed without performing the warm-up operation when the threshold temperature Th is set to 0 ° C. or higher in step S100. . The startup operation here refers to the operation of the fuel cell system 20 until the rated operation is reached. In this embodiment, the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack 21 rises to, for example, about 75 to 85 ° C. It is driving until it does. Of course, the definition of the starting operation is not limited to this, and for example, an operation temperature at which a predetermined output is obtained by the fuel cell stack 21, for example, an operation up to 50 ° C. may be used.

  When the start-up of the fuel cell system 20 is started, the control unit 70 processes the start-up control unit 74 as the temperature T of the fuel cell stack 21 measured by the temperature sensor 27 and the impedance of the fuel cell stack 21 measured by the impedance meter 25. The estimated maximum output Pm is calculated from Z (step S130). The estimated maximum output Pm is a maximum output value that is estimated that the fuel cell system 20 can output to the fuel cell vehicle 10 in the current operation state of the fuel cell system 20.

  A method of calculating the estimated maximum output Pm will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 4A illustrates the IV characteristic of the fuel cell stack 21 showing the relationship between the current and voltage generated by the fuel cell stack 21. The IV characteristics fluctuate under the influence of the temperature T and impedance Z of the fuel cell stack 21, and as shown in the figure, the temperature T of the fuel cell stack 21 increases and the impedance Z decreases. In addition, the voltage drop in the fuel cell stack 21 is reduced, and a high voltage V can be obtained when the same current I flows. Therefore, if the temperature and impedance of the fuel cell stack 21 are given, the IV characteristic in that state can be assumed with high accuracy. Here, since the output P of the fuel cell stack 21 is represented by the product of the current I and the voltage V, the IV characteristic assumed from the predetermined temperature T and impedance Z is shown in FIG. As illustrated, the relationship between the current I and the output P can be assumed. The value at which the output P becomes the maximum value is calculated as the estimated maximum output Pm.

  When the estimated maximum output Pm is calculated, the control unit 70 compares the calculated estimated maximum output Pm with the output request learned value Pi called in step S110 as processing of the activation control unit 74, and outputs the output request learned value Pi. Is less than or equal to the estimated maximum output Pm (step S140).

  As a result, if the output request learning value Pi is larger than the estimated maximum output Pm (step S140: NO), the fuel cell system 20 currently outputs an output for starting the travel required by the fuel cell vehicle 10. The control unit 70 returns the process to step S130 as the process of the activation control unit 74, waits for the temperature T of the fuel cell stack 21 to rise, and repeats steps S130 and S140.

  On the other hand, if the output request learning value Pi is equal to or less than the estimated maximum output Pm (step S140: YES), the fuel cell system 20 can output an output for starting the travel required by the fuel cell vehicle 10. The control unit 70 permits output to the drive motor 62 as processing of the activation control unit 74 (step S150).

  When the output to the drive motor 62 is permitted, the control unit 70 notifies the driver that the vehicle can travel (step S160) as processing of the permission notification unit 75. This notification can be performed, for example, by displaying the letters “running possible” on the instrument panel of the fuel cell vehicle 10 or notifying by voice guidance. Alternatively, when the driver is away from the fuel cell vehicle 10, notification can be given via the controller of the driver's remote engine starter or a mobile phone. By performing such notification, the driver can quickly know that the fuel cell vehicle 10 can be driven.

  The above notification may be configured to notify the degree of output that can be output by the fuel cell system 20 together. Specifically, for example, it is conceivable to calculate a vehicle speed that can be realized from the estimated maximum output Pm, and perform notifications such as “can be driven slowly” and “can travel to 30 km / s”. In this way, the driver can know the range of possible driving and can perform appropriate driving within that range.

  In this way, when the travel enable notification is performed, the start control process is completed. In this way, the driver can drive the fuel cell vehicle 10. At this stage, the warm-up operation started in step S120 may be terminated and switched to the normal start-up operation, or further warm-up is performed so that the operation of the fuel cell system 20 quickly reaches the rated operation. You may continue driving. Of course, before the start control process is completed, the warm-up operation may be terminated and switched to the normal start operation.

  The fuel cell vehicle 10 having such a configuration estimates the output request for the fuel cell vehicle 10 as the output request learning value Pi from the accelerator opening detected in the past. If the output request learning value Pi is equal to or less than the estimated maximum output Pm estimated from the temperature T and impedance Z of the fuel cell stack 21 during the start-up operation of the fuel cell system 20, the output to the drive motor 62 is output. To give permission. Therefore, since the output as the drive source can be flexibly permitted in response to the output request, efficient start control can be performed. Further, when a large output is not required at the start of running of the fuel cell vehicle 10, the fuel is started from the start of the start-up operation of the fuel cell system 20 as compared with the case where the output is permitted after the fuel cell system 20 reaches the rated operation. The time until the battery car 10 can travel can be shortened. In addition, the possible output value of the fuel cell system 20 can be easily estimated, and since the output is permitted after confirming that the fuel cell vehicle 10 can respond to the output request, reliable start-up control can be performed.

  Further, the fuel cell vehicle 10 having such a configuration performs the activation control process when the activation temperature T0 of the fuel cell stack 21 is equal to or lower than the threshold temperature Th. Such a configuration is effective in shortening the time until the fuel cell vehicle 10 can travel when the starting temperature of the fuel cell stack 21 is high and a predetermined output can be obtained quickly. Because it is small. By doing so, activation control can be performed efficiently according to the situation. Needless to say, the start-up control process may be performed under all temperature conditions.

  Further, the fuel cell vehicle 10 may have a configuration that does not include an output request grasping unit that grasps an output request to the vehicle. In this case, at the time of start-up operation, the output from the fuel cell system 20 to the fuel cell vehicle 10 may be an output to the extent that slow driving is performed. Thereby, the output from the fuel cell system 20 to the fuel cell vehicle 10 can be made appropriate regardless of the estimated required output or the actual required output. Further, the present invention is not limited to the start-up operation described above, and when the temperature of the fuel cell stack 21 is low, for example, less than 0 ° C., the output from the fuel cell system 20 to the fuel cell vehicle 10 is set to an output sufficient to perform slow drive You may do. In this way, it is possible to cope with a case where the fuel cell stack 21 may be frozen due to a traffic jam in a cold region. Note that, as described above, even when the output from the fuel cell stack 21 to the fuel cell vehicle 10 is controlled so as to perform slow driving, the power generation itself of the fuel cell system 20 is performed as usual. It may be.

  Further, the fuel cell vehicle 10 may have a configuration having power storage means connected to a load. In such a case, when the temperature of the fuel cell stack 21 is low, for example, less than 0 ° C., the power generated by the fuel cell system 20 may be charged to the power storage means, or the fuel cell vehicle The electric power generated by the fuel cell system 20 may be charged in the power storage means while performing 10 slow running operations.

  Note that these controls may be combined with various controls described in the above-described embodiments.

B. Variations:
Several modifications of the present invention will be described.
B-1. Modification 1:
In the embodiment, the estimated maximum output Pm is calculated from the temperature T and the impedance Z of the fuel cell stack 21 in step S130. However, the present invention is not limited to such a configuration, and the operation status of the fuel cell system 20 is not limited. In addition, a configuration corresponding to the required estimation accuracy is possible. For example, the fuel cell system 20 may be operated by reducing the oxygen concentration or pressure of the oxidizing gas supplied to the cathode of the fuel cell stack 21 when the fuel cell system 20 is started. Such an operation is performed to warm up the fuel cell stack 21 by performing an operation with low power generation efficiency, that is, a high heat generation operation. When performing such high heat generation operation, the estimated maximum output Pm may be calculated from the temperature T and current I of the fuel cell stack 21 as shown in step S230 of FIG.

  Specifically, the voltage V when the concentration and pressure of the oxidizing gas are returned to the normal operation state can be predicted from the current I and the IV characteristic expected from the temperature T. The estimated maximum output Pm can be calculated by multiplying the voltage V and the current I thus obtained. In such a method, when the value of the current I is small, the estimation accuracy of the estimated maximum output Pm is deteriorated. However, during the high heat generation operation, the voltage V of the fuel cell stack 21 is low, but the current Since I has a relatively high value, a predetermined estimation accuracy can be ensured and can be adopted.

  Alternatively, the estimated maximum output Pm may be a set value that varies depending on the temperature T of the fuel cell stack 21. In this way, although the estimation accuracy of the estimated maximum output Pm decreases, the estimated maximum output Pm can be obtained more easily.

B-2. Modification 2:
In the embodiment, the output request value that is expected to be required when the fuel cell vehicle 10 starts to travel is estimated as the output request learning value Pi based on the past results. It is not limited. For example, the output required value at the start of traveling of the fuel cell vehicle 10 may be configured such that the fuel cell vehicle 10 detects the driver's input. Specifically, for example, the driver depresses the accelerator 82 when the fuel cell vehicle 10 is started as an output required when the fuel cell vehicle 10 starts to travel in consideration of road conditions around the fuel cell vehicle 10 and the like. The control unit 70 may calculate the output request value based on the accelerator opening. Alternatively, a configuration in which the driver inputs a necessary speed, road conditions such as uphill, downhill, and the like by input using an instrument panel and the control unit 70 calculates an output request value based on the input speed. Also good.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to such an example, and it is needless to say that the present invention can be implemented in various modes without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, the present invention can be configured as a fuel cell control device, a fuel cell control method, and the like in addition to the configuration of the vehicle equipped with the fuel cell shown in the embodiment. It can be applied to various devices.

It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the fuel cell vehicle 10 as an Example of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the starting control process as an Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows notionally the calculation method of the output requirement learning value Pi. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for IV characteristics in the fuel cell stack 21. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the starting control process as a modification.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Fuel cell vehicle 20 ... Fuel cell system 21 ... Fuel cell stack 22 ... Hydrogen supply / discharge mechanism 23 ... Air supply / discharge mechanism 25 ... Impedance meter 26 ... Ammeter 27 ... Temperature sensor 30 ... Cooling water circulation mechanism 31 ... Radiator 32 ... circulation pump 34 ... heater 35, 36 ... three-way valve 37 ... circulation piping 40 ... power conversion mechanism 50 ... vehicle auxiliary equipment 62 ... drive motor 64 ... deceleration gear 66 ... drive wheel 70 ... control unit 72 ... starting operation unit 73 ... output Request comprehension unit 74 ... Startup control unit 75 ... Permission notification unit 76 ... Memory 82 ... Accelerator 84 ... Various sensors 86 ... Various loads

Claims (8)

A vehicle equipped with a fuel cell,
A drive source for driving the vehicle using power generated by the fuel cell as a power source;
Start-up operation means for performing the start-up operation of the fuel cell until the fuel cell reaches the operating temperature of the rated operation;
Output request grasping means for grasping an output request value required for the fuel cell when driving the drive source;
Start control means for performing start control for permitting the fuel cell to output at least part of the output to the drive source when the grasped output request value is equal to or less than a predetermined value during the start operation; Prepared,
The output request grasping means is
Means for grasping the position of the vehicle;
Storage means for storing an output request value at the time of starting below the freezing point of the fuel cell detected in the past in association with the grasped vehicle position;
Estimating means for estimating an output request value required for the fuel cell based on the stored output request value and the position of the vehicle;
The vehicle, wherein the predetermined value is a maximum output value that the fuel cell can output to the drive source, estimated from the temperature and impedance of the fuel cell . The vehicle according to claim 1,
The predetermined value is a possible output value of the fuel cell estimated from the temperature and current value of the fuel cell.   The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the start control unit performs the start control when a temperature of the fuel cell when the start operation unit starts the start operation is equal to or lower than a predetermined value. A vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Furthermore, when the said starting control means permits the output, the vehicle provided with the alerting | reporting means which alert | reports this permission.   The vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the notification unit notifies the degree of the permitted output. A vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The estimation means continues for a second predetermined time after the first predetermined time elapses after the vehicle is ready to travel at the time of past freezing start of the fuel cell. and in the accelerator opening becomes Tokoro value or more, the estimated as output demand value converted from the maximum accelerator opening degree, a vehicle. A control device for a fuel cell,
Start-up operation means for performing the start-up operation of the fuel cell until the fuel cell reaches the operating temperature of the rated operation;
Output request grasping means for grasping an output request value required for the fuel cell;
During the start-up operation, when the grasped output request is equal to or less than a predetermined value, the start control means performs start control that permits the fuel cell to output at least a part of the output to a drive source of a predetermined device. And
The output request grasping means is
Means for grasping the position of the predetermined device;
Storage means for storing an output request value at the time of starting below freezing of the fuel cell detected in the past in association with the grasped position of the predetermined device;
Estimating means for estimating an output request value required for the fuel cell based on the stored output request value and the position of the predetermined device;
The predetermined value is a control device that is a maximum output value that the fuel cell can output to the predetermined device, estimated from the temperature and impedance of the fuel cell. A fuel cell control method comprising:
Grasping the required output value required for the fuel cell,
During the start-up operation performed until the fuel cell reaches the operating temperature of the rated operation, the grasped output request is estimated from the temperature and impedance of the fuel cell, and the fuel cell outputs to a predetermined device. A control method for permitting the fuel cell to output at least a part of the output to a drive source of a predetermined device when the output value is equal to or less than a predetermined value that is a maximum possible output value,
In grasping the output request value,
Knowing the position of the given device,
The output request value at the time of starting below the freezing point of the fuel cell detected in the past is stored in association with the grasped position of the predetermined device, and based on the stored output request value and the position of the predetermined device. A control method for estimating a required output value required for the fuel cell.

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