JP5314794B2 - Fuel supply apparatus and gas turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress the progress of separation into oil fuel and water by keeping the satisfactory mixed state of the oil fuel and the water. <P>SOLUTION: A fuel supply device includes: a fuel supply pipe 121 through which emulsion fuel prepared by mixing the oil fuel and the water can be supplied to a combustor; and a droplet minimizing device 130 which is disposed on the fuel supply pipe 121 and minimizes droplets of water contained in the emulsion fuel. Thereby, the droplet minimizing device 130 performs the mixing of the emulsion fuel to minimize the droplets of water included in the emulsion fuel. Thereby, the fuel supply device 100 can preferably perform the mixing of the oil fuel and the water to suppress the progress of the separation into the oil fuel and the water. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2013,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fuel supply device that supplies fuel to a combustor and a gas turbine.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a gas turbine as a device that extracts energy from combustion gas generated by burning a fuel by a combustor. The combustion gas from which energy has been extracted by the gas turbine is discharged as exhaust gas. As one of means for reducing NOx contained in the exhaust gas, there is a technique for burning the fuel after adding water to the fuel.

  As such a technique, for example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a gas fuel nozzle that mixes and injects water supplied from a water injection hole with gas fuel.

Japanese Patent No. 2955093

  Here, the fuel is not limited to gas fuel, and there is, for example, oil fuel as liquid fuel. Similar to gas combustion, NOx can also be reduced by burning fuel (emulsion fuel) in which water is mixed with oil fuel. However, water is difficult to mix with oil, and even when water is added to the oil fuel, there is a possibility that separation of the water and the oil fuel may proceed with time.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the above, Comprising: It aims at making the mixing state of oil fuel and water favorable, and suppressing progress of isolation | separation of oil fuel and water.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, a fuel supply device according to the present invention includes a fuel supply passage capable of supplying emulsion fuel mixed with oil fuel and water to a combustor, and the fuel supply passage. Water droplet refining means for refining the water droplets contained in the flowing emulsion fuel, and the water droplet refining means includes a plurality of mixers for stirring the emulsion fuel, and the plurality of mixers more than the plurality of mixers. A fuel distribution amount adjusting means provided on the upstream side of the flow of the emulsion fuel and capable of adjusting a flow rate of the emulsion fuel distributed to the mixers, and when the emulsion fuel passes through the mixer Pressure loss measuring means capable of measuring the pressure lost to the fuel, and the emulsion fuel distributed to the mixers by the fuel distribution amount adjusting means. The flow rate, and changes based on the value the pressure loss measuring means has measured.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, a gas turbine according to the present invention is supplied from a fuel supply device that supplies an emulsion fuel in which oil fuel and water are mixed, and the fuel supply device. A combustor that combusts the emulsion fuel; and a turbine unit that converts energy of combustion gas combusted by the emulsion fuel into rotational energy. The fuel supply device can supply the emulsion fuel to the combustor. A fuel supply passage, and water droplet refining means for refining the droplets of water contained in the emulsion fuel flowing through the fuel supply passage, wherein the water droplet refining means is a plurality of agitating the emulsion fuel. A mixer and upstream of the plurality of mixers in the flow of the emulsion fuel before being distributed to the mixers A fuel distribution amount adjusting means capable of adjusting a flow rate of the emulsion fuel, and further comprising pressure loss measuring means capable of measuring a pressure lost when the emulsion fuel passes through the mixer, and the fuel distribution amount The flow rate of the emulsion fuel distributed to each mixer by the adjusting means is changed based on the value measured by the pressure loss measuring means.

  In the fuel supply device and the gas turbine according to the present invention, the water droplet refining means mixes the emulsion fuel to refine the water droplets contained in the emulsion fuel. Mixing becomes good, and the progress of separation between oil fuel and water can be suppressed.

  Here, as a method of suppressing the progress of separation of the oil fuel and water, a method of adding an emulsifier for emulsifying the emulsion fuel to the emulsion fuel is conceivable. However, when an emulsifier is added to the emulsion fuel, there is a possibility that the cost of the fuel increases due to the necessity of the emulsifier. Some emulsifiers contain components that are unsuitable for gas turbines. If such emulsifiers are used, the durability of the gas turbine may be reduced.

  However, the fuel supply apparatus and the gas turbine according to the present invention do not require the above-mentioned emulsifier because the mixing of the oil fuel and water becomes good and the progress of the separation of the oil fuel and water can be suppressed. Therefore, the fuel supply device and the gas turbine can reduce the cost of the fuel because the emulsifier is not required. Moreover, since the emulsifier is not required, the possibility that the durability of the gas turbine may be reduced can be suppressed.

  For example, when the fuel distribution amount adjusting means distributes the emulsion fuel to all of the plurality of mixers, the flow rate of the emulsion fuel that can be handled by the entire water droplet refining means becomes maximum. In addition, for example, when the fuel distribution amount adjusting means distributes the emulsion fuel only to the mixer having the smallest flow rate of the emulsion fuel that can be handled among a plurality of mixers, the flow rate of the emulsion fuel that can be handled by the entire water droplet refining means is minimized.

  Thus, by adjusting the flow rate of the emulsion fuel distributed to each mixer by the fuel distribution amount adjusting means, the fuel supply device according to the present invention changes the flow rate of the emulsion fuel that can be handled by the entire water droplet refining means. . Thus, the fuel supply device adjusts the flow rate of the emulsion fuel distributed to each mixer by the fuel distribution amount adjusting means in accordance with the flow rate of the emulsion fuel supplied to the combustor, so that the emulsion that can be handled by the entire water droplet refining means. The fuel flow rate can be adjusted.

  In general, the greater the flow rate of emulsion fuel supplied to the mixer than the flow rate of emulsion fuel that can be handled by the mixer, the greater the pressure that the emulsion fuel loses when passing through the mixer. The fuel supply device according to the present invention is based on the pressure at which the emulsion fuel is lost when passing through the mixer, and whether the flow rate of the emulsion fuel supplied to the mixer is larger than the flow rate of the emulsion fuel that can be handled by the mixer. Can be determined.

  Thus, the fuel supply device distributes the fuel to the mixer other than the mixer when the flow rate of the emulsion fuel supplied to the mixer is larger than the flow rate of the emulsion fuel that can be handled by the mixer. be able to. Thereby, the fuel supply apparatus can increase the flow rate of the emulsion fuel that can be handled by the whole water droplet refining means.

  Here, when the flow rate of the emulsion fuel supplied to the mixer is larger than the flow rate of the emulsion fuel that can be handled by the mixer, the fuel supply device has a combustor due to an increase in pressure loss of the emulsion fuel. There is a risk that the flow rate of the emulsion fuel that can be supplied to the tank is insufficient. However, since the fuel supply device can increase the flow rate of the emulsion fuel that can be handled by the entire water droplet refining means, it is possible to suppress the possibility that the flow rate of the emulsion fuel that can be supplied to the combustor is insufficient.

  As a preferred aspect of the present invention, when the combustor generates combustion vibration when combusting the emulsion fuel, the flow rate of the emulsion fuel distributed to the mixers is changed by the fuel distribution amount adjusting means. Is desirable.

  When the combustor generates combustion vibration, the combustion vibration can be suppressed by changing the combustion speed of combustion. Therefore, the fuel supply device according to the present invention changes the time of evaporation of water droplets in the combustor by changing the size of the water droplets contained in the emulsion fuel, and as a result, changes the combustion speed of the emulsion fuel.

  Specifically, the fuel supply device changes the size of the water droplets contained in the emulsion fuel by changing the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining means. Here, the allowable amount is the flow rate of the emulsion fuel that can be handled by the mixer. When the mixer is supplied with the same amount of emulsion fuel as allowed, the mixer can properly mix the emulsion fuel.

  For example, as the flow rate of the emulsion fuel supplied to the mixer is constant and the allowable amount of the mixer becomes smaller, the size of water droplets contained in the emulsion fuel becomes smaller. On the other hand, as the flow rate of the emulsion fuel supplied to the mixer is constant and the allowable amount of the mixer increases, the size of the water droplets contained in the emulsion fuel increases.

  The fuel supply device changes the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining means by changing the flow rate of the emulsion fuel distributed to each mixer by the fuel distribution amount adjusting means. For example, the fuel supply device minimizes the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining means by supplying the emulsion fuel only to the first mixer, and supplies the emulsion fuel to both the first mixer and the second mixer. The allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining means is maximized.

  The fuel supply device thus adjusts the size of the water droplets contained in the emulsion fuel without changing the flow rate of the emulsion fuel supplied to the fuel device by changing the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining means. To do. Thereby, the fuel supply device changes the combustion speed of the emulsion fuel by changing the timing of evaporation of water droplets in the combustor. As a result, the fuel supply device can suppress fuel vibration.

  As a preferred aspect of the present invention, it is desirable that the water droplet refining means includes a static mixer in which a stationary member is fixed inside an outer tube through which the emulsion fuel can flow.

  The static mixer has no movable member. In general, a movable member is more likely to have a defect than a stationary member. Therefore, the fuel supply device can suppress the occurrence of problems due to the absence of the movable member. Moreover, since the structure and energy for moving a movable member are not required, a fuel supply apparatus reduces a number of parts and reduces cost. Moreover, since the number of parts is reduced, the configuration of the fuel supply device is suppressed from being complicated.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can improve the mixing state of oil fuel and water and suppress the progress of separation of oil fuel and water.

It is a block diagram which shows a gas turbine. It is a block diagram which shows a fuel supply apparatus. It is a block diagram which shows the water droplet refinement | miniaturization apparatus of Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the water droplet refinement | miniaturization apparatus of Embodiment 2. It is a block diagram which shows the water droplet refinement | miniaturization apparatus of Embodiment 3. It is a block diagram which shows the water droplet refinement | miniaturization apparatus of Embodiment 4.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited by the best mode for carrying out the invention (hereinafter referred to as an embodiment). In addition, constituent elements in the following embodiments include those that can be easily assumed by those skilled in the art, those that are substantially the same, and those in a so-called equivalent range.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating a gas turbine. As shown in FIG. 1, the gas turbine 500 according to this embodiment includes a compression unit 510, a combustion unit 520, a turbine unit 530, and an exhaust unit 540 in order from the upstream side to the downstream side of the gas flow. It is comprised including.

  The compression unit 510 pressurizes air and sends the pressurized air to the combustion unit 520. The combustion unit 520 supplies fuel to the pressurized air and burns the fuel. The turbine unit 530 converts the energy of the combustion gas sent out from the combustion unit 520 into rotational energy. The exhaust unit 540 exhausts the combustion gas to the atmosphere.

  Combustion unit 520 includes a plurality of combustors 521. Each of the plurality of combustors 521 includes an inner cylinder 522, a tail cylinder 523, and a fuel nozzle 524. The inner cylinder 522 is a compressed air passage and is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. The inner cylinder 522 supports a main nozzle constituting the fuel nozzle 524 and a pilot nozzle inside.

  The transition piece 523 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a combustion region in which fuel is burned is formed. The tail cylinder 523 is attached to one end of the axial ends of the inner cylinder 522. Of the end of the inner cylinder 522 in the axial direction, the other end of the inner cylinder 522 opposite to the tail cylinder 523 has a fuel supply device 100 for supplying fuel to the fuel nozzle 524 disposed inside the inner cylinder 522. Piping is connected.

  Here, the fuel supplied to the fuel nozzle 524 by the fuel supply device 100 is an emulsion fuel in which oil fuel and water are mixed. The fuel supply device 100 mixes oil fuel and water and supplies the emulsion fuel to the fuel nozzle 524. The configuration of the fuel supply device 100 will be described below.

  FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram illustrating the fuel supply device. The fuel supply apparatus 100 includes an oil fuel tank 111, a water tank 112, an oil fuel pipe 113, a water pipe 114, an oil fuel pump 115, a water pump 116, an oil fuel distributor 117, a water distributor 118, A plurality of fuel supply pipes 121 as a fuel supply passage and a plurality of water supply pipes 122 are configured. The oil fuel tank 111 is a container for storing oil fuel. The oil fuel distributor 117 is means for distributing the supplied oil fuel to a plurality of paths.

  The oil fuel tank 111 and the oil fuel distributor 117 are connected by an oil fuel pipe 113 via an oil fuel pump 115. In the fuel supply apparatus 100, a plurality of fuel supply pipes 121 are connected to an oil fuel distributor 117. The fuel supply pipe 121 has one end connected to the oil fuel distributor 117 and the other end connected to the fuel nozzles 524 of the plurality of combustors 521 shown in FIG.

  The water tank 112 is a container for storing water to be mixed with oil fuel. The water distributor 118 is means for distributing the supplied water to a plurality of paths. The water tank 112 and the water distributor 118 are connected by a water pipe 114 via a water pump 116. In the fuel supply apparatus 100, a plurality of water supply pipes 122 are connected to a water distributor 118. The water supply pipe 122 has one end connected to the water distributor 118 and the other end opened to the plurality of fuel supply pipes 121.

  In the fuel supply apparatus 100 configured as described above, the oil fuel pump 115 supplies oil fuel from the oil fuel tank 111 to the oil fuel distributor 117 via the oil fuel pipe 113. The oil fuel distributed to the plurality of fuel supply pipes 121 by the oil / fuel distributor 117 is guided to the plurality of fuel nozzles 524 shown in FIG.

  In the fuel supply apparatus 100, the water pump 116 supplies water from the water tank 112 to the water distributor 118 via the water pipe 114. The water distributed to the plurality of water supply pipes 122 by the water distributor 118 is guided to the plurality of fuel supply pipes 121 through the water supply pipes 122. As a result, the oil fuel and water are mixed to become an emulsion fuel, and the fuel supply device 100 supplies this emulsion fuel to the fuel nozzle 524.

  Here, in the emulsion fuel, separation of the oil fuel and water proceeds with time. Here, the progress of the separation of the oil fuel and the water specifically means that water droplets mixed in the oil fuel gather together and become larger. Hereinafter, water droplets mixed in the oil fuel of the emulsion fuel are referred to as water droplets. If the size of the water droplet is larger than an appropriate size, the gas turbine is insufficient in reducing NOx and soot contained in the exhaust gas.

  The progress of separation between the oil fuel and water can also be suppressed by adding an emulsifier to the emulsion fuel to emulsify the emulsion fuel. However, when an emulsifier is added to the emulsion fuel, there is a possibility that the cost of the fuel increases due to the necessity of the emulsifier. Some emulsifiers contain components that are unsuitable for gas turbines. If such emulsifiers are used, the durability of the gas turbine may be reduced.

  Therefore, the fuel supply device 100 of the present embodiment improves the mixing of the oil fuel and water of the emulsion fuel without adding an emulsifier, and suppresses the progress of separation of the oil fuel and water. The configuration for this will be described below.

  FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram illustrating the water droplet refining apparatus according to the first embodiment. The fuel supply apparatus 100 includes a water supply pipe 121 shown in FIG. 2 between the portion where the water supply pipe 122 opens into the fuel supply pipe 121 and the fuel nozzle 524 shown in FIG. The water droplet refining device 130 is provided. The water droplet refining device 130 of this embodiment is configured by a static mixer 131.

  The static mixer 131 is a cylindrical member, for example. The static mixer 131 is configured by fixing a stationary member inside an outer tube through which emulsion fuel can flow.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the static mixer 131 includes, for example, an outer tube 132 formed in a cylindrical shape, and blades 133 and blades 134 and a plurality of protrusions 135 as stationary members. The blade 133 and the blade 134 cross each other and are fixed inside the outer tube 132. Each of the blades 133 and 134 includes a surface having an angle with respect to the flow direction of the emulsion fuel, that is, the axial direction of the outer tube 132.

  For example, the plurality of protrusions 135 are fixed to the outer pipe 132 on the downstream side of the emulsion fuel flow with respect to the outer pipe 132 and the blade 133. For example, the protrusion 135 is fixed to the inner peripheral portion of the outer tube 132 toward the radially inner side of the outer tube 132. Hereinafter, the downstream side of the emulsion fuel flow is simply referred to as the downstream side, and the upstream side of the emulsion fuel flow is simply referred to as the upstream side.

  The flow of the emulsion fuel supplied to the static mixer 131 is first changed by the blade 133 and the blade 134. Here, the blade 133 and the blade 134 also realize a function of chopping the emulsion fuel. The static mixer 131 changes the flow of the emulsion fuel by the blades 133 and 134 and chops up the water droplets contained in the emulsion fuel, thereby miniaturizing the water droplets mixed in the oil fuel of the emulsion fuel.

  Further, the emulsion fuel collides with the plurality of protrusions 135 after passing through the blade 133 and the blade 134. Thereby, the static mixer 131 accelerates | stimulates mixing of the oil fuel and water which comprise an emulsion fuel, and further refines | miniaturizes the water droplet mixed in the oil fuel of an emulsion fuel.

  In this embodiment, the static mixer 131 is attached to a part of the fuel supply pipe 121 in series. That is, in this embodiment, the static mixer 131 is attached without bypassing a part of the fuel supply pipe 121. Below, a reason and effect which are preferable if it attaches in series to a part of fuel supply pipe | tube 121 are demonstrated.

  The water droplet refiner 130 refines the water droplets mixed in the oil fuel when the emulsion fuel passes through the static mixer 131. Therefore, the water droplet refining apparatus 130 can refine the water droplets mixed in the oil fuel by supplying more emulsion fuel to the static mixer 131.

  If the amount of the emulsion fuel flowing through the fuel supply pipe 121 is the same, the amount of the emulsion fuel passing through the static mixer 131 when the static mixer 131 is attached in series to a part of the fuel supply pipe 121 is determined by the static mixer 131. When the fuel supply pipe 121 is attached to the fuel supply pipe 121 by bypassing part of the fuel supply pipe 121, the amount is larger than the amount of emulsion fuel passing through the static mixer 131.

  As a result, the water droplet refining device 130 can reduce the water droplets contained in the oil fuel of more emulsion fuel by attaching the static mixer 131 in series to a part of the fuel supply pipe 121. .

  However, even if the static mixer 131 is attached to the fuel supply pipe 121 by bypassing a part of the fuel supply pipe 121, a part of the emulsion fuel passes through the static mixer 131. Therefore, the water droplet refining apparatus 130 is more suitable than the case where the static mixer 131 is not attached to the fuel supply pipe 121 even when the static mixer 131 is attached to the fuel supply pipe 121 by bypassing a part of the fuel supply pipe 121. The water droplets contained in the oil fuel of more emulsion fuel can be made finer.

  When the static mixer 131 is attached to a part of the fuel supply pipe 121 in series, the fuel supply apparatus 100 is configured such that, for example, a part of the fuel supply pipe 121 is cut off and the static mixer 131 is welded to the cut off part. It is attached. Further, the fuel supply device 100 may be attached to the fuel supply pipe 121 by forming flanges at both ends of the static mixer 131 and attaching the flange of the static mixer 131 to the flange formed on the fuel supply pipe 121. Good.

  The configuration of the static mixer 131 is not limited to the above configuration. In the fuel supply device 100, the number of blades, the shape of the blades, the number of protrusions, the shape of the protrusions, the positional relationship between the blades and the protrusions, and the like included in the static mixer 131 may be freely changed.

  The static mixer 131 has a configuration in which the blades 133, the blades 134, and the protrusions 135 are fixed to the outer tube 132 and do not move with respect to the outer tube 132, that is, all of the static mixer 131 includes a stationary member. May be configured by a dynamic mixer including a movable member instead of the static mixer 131. A dynamic mixer including a movable member is, for example, a mixer including an impeller supported inside the outer tube so as to be rotatable about the central axis of the outer tube.

  For example, the mixer is configured such that the rotation of a motor is transmitted to the impeller. Thereby, the said impeller rotates and it stirs the emulsion fuel which passes the inside of an outer tube | pipe. Even if it is constituted by such a mixer, the water droplet refining device 130 can refine water droplets mixed in the oil fuel of the emulsion fuel.

  However, the static mixer 131 does not require energy for moving the movable member because there is no movable member. Thereby, the static mixer 131 can suppress energy required to make the water droplets mixed in the oil fuel of the emulsion fuel fine.

  The static mixer 131 does not require a configuration for moving the movable member, for example, a motor, a power supply device for supplying electricity to the motor, and wiring. Thereby, the static mixer 131 can suppress the increase in the number of parts of the fuel supply apparatus 100, and the complication of a structure.

  In general, the movable member is more prone to problems than the stationary member. Since the static mixer 131 does not have a movable member, the fuel supply apparatus 100 can suppress the occurrence of problems.

  The static mixer 131 refines the water droplets mixed in the oil fuel of the emulsion fuel to a diameter of, for example, 3 μm to 10 μm. This is because recent research has revealed that NOx and soot contained in exhaust gas can be suitably suppressed when the size of water droplets mixed in the oil fuel of emulsion fuel has a diameter of 3 μm to 10 μm. .

  When the emulsion fuel is combusted in the combustor, first, water contained in the oil fuel evaporates and rapidly expands. The rapid expansion of the water makes the droplets of the oil fuel fine and improves the combustion speed of the emulsion fuel. Here, when the size of the water droplet changes, the time when the water evaporates changes. As a result, the time when the droplets of the oil fuel become finer also changes, and as a result, the combustion speed of the emulsion fuel also changes.

  Based on such a principle, when the size of water droplets capable of realizing a combustion speed capable of suitably suppressing NOx and soot contained in exhaust gas was investigated by experiment, the size of water droplets contained in emulsion fuel was It has been found that 3 μm to 10 μm is preferable.

  For the above reason, the fuel supply apparatus 100 can be used as an exhaust gas by providing the static mixer 131 that can reduce the water droplets mixed in the oil fuel of the emulsion fuel to a diameter of, for example, 3 μm to 10 μm. The contained NOx and soot can be suppressed more suitably.

  Here, in the present embodiment, the fuel supply device 100 has been described as supplying emulsion fuel to the combustor of the gas turbine. However, the fuel supply device 100 supplies emulsion fuel to, for example, a boiler of an air conditioner. Also good. Even in this case, the fuel supply device 100 can improve the mixing of the oil fuel and the water, and can suppress the progress of the separation of the oil fuel and the water.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram illustrating the water droplet refining apparatus according to the second embodiment. Here, the static mixer has a flow rate of liquid that can be appropriately mixed depending on the individual and type. Here, the case where the size of the water droplet can be reduced to a size of 3 μm to 10 μm is “appropriate”. Hereinafter, the flow rate of the emulsion fuel that can be appropriately mixed by the static mixer is referred to as an allowable amount of the static mixer.

  For example, the allowable amount of the static mixer increases as the diameter of the outer tube increases. If the flow rate of the emulsion fuel supplied to the static mixer is less than the allowable amount of the static mixer, the fuel supply device may not sufficiently refine the water droplets contained in the emulsion fuel.

  This is because the pressure of the emulsion fuel in the static mixer is insufficient, and for example, the energy when the emulsion fuel collides with the protrusions 135 shown in FIG. 3 becomes small. In this way, the fuel supply device may have insufficient water droplets contained in the emulsion fuel.

  Further, if the flow rate of the emulsion fuel to be supplied to the fuel nozzle 524 shown in FIG. 1 increases, the flow rate of the emulsion fuel supplied to the static mixer also increases. As a result, when the flow rate of the emulsion fuel supplied to the static mixer is larger than the allowable amount of the static mixer, the fuel supply device lacks the emulsion fuel supplied to the fuel nozzle due to the pressure loss in the static mixer. There is a risk.

  The water droplet refining device 230 included in the fuel supply device 200 according to the second embodiment has an emulsion fuel that can be supplied to the fuel nozzle even if the flow rate of the emulsion fuel to be supplied to the fuel nozzle 524 shown in FIG. 1 changes. There is a feature in that the fear of shortage can be suppressed and water droplets contained in the emulsion fuel can be refined. Hereinafter, the configuration of the water droplet refiner 230 will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the water droplet refining device 230 includes a large-capacity static mixer 231 as a second mixer, a small-capacity static mixer 232 as a first mixer, a bypass pipe 233, and fuel distribution amount adjusting means. A large-capacity side valve 234 and a small-capacity side valve 235 as fuel distribution amount adjusting means are provided. The large capacity static mixer 231 is a static mixer having a larger allowable amount than the small capacity static mixer 232. The large capacity side valve 234 and the small capacity side valve 235 are valves for adjusting the flow rate of the emulsion fuel flowing downstream from itself.

  In the fuel supply apparatus 200, a large capacity side valve 234 and a large capacity static mixer 231 are arranged in the fuel supply pipe 121 in order from the upstream side to the downstream side. Further, the fuel supply apparatus 200 is provided with a bypass pipe 233 bypassing the large capacity side valve 234 and the large capacity static mixer 231.

  That is, one end of the bypass pipe 233 opens to the fuel supply pipe 121 upstream of the large capacity side valve 234, and the other end opens to the downstream side of the large capacity static mixer 231. In the fuel supply device 200, a small capacity side valve 235 and a small capacity static mixer 232 are arranged in the bypass pipe 233 in order from the upstream side to the downstream side.

  With the above configuration, when the large-capacity side valve 234 is opened and the small-capacity side valve 235 is also opened, the fuel supply device 200 sends an emulsion to both the large-capacity static mixer 231 and the small-capacity static mixer 232. Fuel is supplied.

  Further, when the large capacity side valve 234 is opened and the small capacity side valve 235 is closed, the fuel supply device 200 supplies the emulsion fuel only to the large capacity static mixer 231.

  Further, when the large capacity side valve 234 is closed and the small capacity side valve 235 is opened, the fuel supply device 200 supplies the emulsion fuel only to the small capacity static mixer 232.

  The operator of the gas turbine 500 operates the large-capacity side valve 234 and the small-capacity side valve 235 according to the flow rate of the fuel supplied to the fuel nozzle 524. Specifically, for example, the flow rate of the emulsion fuel to be supplied to the fuel nozzle 524 shown in FIG. 1 is divided into three stages of “maximum”, “intermediate”, and “minimum”, and the fuel nozzle 524 is to be supplied. When the flow rate of the emulsion fuel is at the maximum level, the operator opens the large capacity side valve 234 and the small capacity side valve 235.

  When the flow rate of the emulsion fuel to be supplied to the fuel nozzle 524 is an intermediate stage among the three stages, the operator opens the large capacity side valve 234 and closes the small capacity side valve 235. . Further, when the flow rate of the emulsion fuel to be supplied to the fuel nozzle 524 is at a minimum stage, the operator closes the large capacity side valve 234 and opens the small capacity side valve 235.

  When the operator operates the large-capacity side valve 234 and the small-capacity side valve 235 in this manner, the fuel supply device 200 has a flow rate of emulsion fuel to be supplied to the fuel nozzle 524 at the maximum of the three stages. In this case, the emulsion fuel is supplied to both the large capacity static mixer 231 and the small capacity static mixer 232.

  In addition, when the flow rate of the emulsion fuel to be supplied to the fuel nozzle 524 is an intermediate stage of the three stages, the fuel supply apparatus 200 supplies the emulsion fuel only to the large-capacity static mixer 231. In addition, when the flow rate of the emulsion fuel to be supplied to the fuel nozzle 524 is at a minimum stage, the fuel supply device 200 supplies the emulsion fuel only to the small-capacity static mixer 232.

  As a result, even if the flow rate of the emulsion fuel to be supplied to the fuel nozzle 524 changes, the fuel supply device 200 causes the operator to operate the large capacity side valve 234 and the small capacity side valve 235, thereby The flow rate of the emulsion fuel that can be handled by the entire miniaturization device 230 changes. Hereinafter, the flow rate of the emulsion fuel that can be handled by the entire water droplet refining apparatus is referred to as an allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining apparatus.

  Therefore, the fuel supply device 200 suppresses the fear that the emulsion fuel supplied to the fuel nozzle is insufficient even if the flow rate of the emulsion fuel to be supplied to the fuel nozzle 524 is changed, and drops water contained in the emulsion fuel. It can be miniaturized.

  The water droplet refining device 230 replaces the large-capacity side valve 234 and the small-capacity side valve 235 with the emulsion fuel flow path, either the large-capacity static mixer 231 side or the small-capacity static mixer 232 side. You may provide the switching valve switched to either.

  In this case, the flow rate of the emulsion fuel to be supplied to the fuel nozzle 524 shown in FIG. 1 is divided into two stages, for example, and at the stage where the flow rate of the emulsion fuel to be supplied to the fuel nozzle 524 is high, the operator The switching valve is switched to the large capacity side valve 234 side. When the flow rate of the emulsion fuel to be supplied to the fuel nozzle 524 is small, the operator switches the switching valve to the small capacity side valve 235 side.

  As described above, even when the switching valve is provided, the fuel supply device 200 causes the operator to operate the switching valve even if the flow rate of the emulsion fuel to be supplied to the fuel nozzle 524 changes. As a result, the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining device 230 changes.

  Therefore, the fuel supply apparatus 200 can refine the water droplets contained in the emulsion fuel while suppressing the fear that the emulsion fuel supplied to the fuel nozzle is insufficient. Furthermore, by providing the switching valve, the number of necessary valves is reduced in the water droplet refining device 230. Therefore, the water droplet refining device 230 can suppress the complication of the configuration.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram illustrating the water droplet refining apparatus according to the third embodiment. In the water droplet refining device 230 of the second embodiment, the large-capacity side valve 234 and the small-capacity side valve 235 are operated by the operator, but the fuel supply device 300 of the third embodiment shown in FIG. The opening degree of the valve 234 and the opening degree of the small capacity side valve 235 are changed.

  The water droplet refining device 330 includes a large-capacity side flow rate adjusting device 334 as a fuel distribution amount adjusting unit, a small-capacity side flow rate adjusting device 335 as a fuel distribution amount adjusting unit, and a large-capacity side pressure loss as a pressure loss measuring unit. It is configured to include a measuring device 336, a small-capacity side pressure loss measuring device 337 as pressure loss measuring means, and a control device 340.

  The large capacity flow rate adjusting device 334 is provided in the fuel supply pipe 121 between the portion where the water supply pipe 122 opens to the fuel supply pipe 121 and the large capacity static mixer 231. As a result, the large-capacity flow rate adjusting device 334 adjusts the flow rate of the emulsion fuel supplied to the large-capacity static mixer 231.

  The small capacity flow rate adjusting device 335 is provided in the bypass pipe 233 on the upstream side of the small capacity static mixer 232. As a result, the small-capacity side flow rate adjusting device 335 adjusts the flow rate of the emulsion fuel supplied to the small-capacity static mixer 232. The large-capacity-side flow rate adjusting device 334 and the small-capacity-side flow rate adjusting device 335 are each configured to include, for example, a valve body and driving devices such as a motor and an actuator that operate the valve body.

  The large-capacity pressure loss measuring device 336 includes a difference between the pressure in the fuel supply pipe 121 between the large-capacity flow rate adjustment device 334 and the large-capacity static mixer 231 and the pressure downstream of the large-capacity static mixer 231. Measure. That is, the large-capacity pressure loss measuring device 336 measures the pressure loss when the emulsion fuel passes through the large-capacity static mixer 231.

  The small capacity side pressure loss measuring device 337 calculates the difference between the pressure in the bypass pipe 233 between the small capacity side flow rate adjusting device 335 and the small capacity static mixer 232 and the pressure downstream of the small capacity static mixer 232. taking measurement. That is, the small volume side pressure loss measuring device 337 measures the pressure loss when the emulsion fuel passes through the small volume static mixer 232.

  The control device 340 is electrically connected to the large capacity side pressure loss measuring device 336 and the small capacity side pressure loss measuring device 337. As a result, the control device 340 causes the pressure and emulsion fuel lost when the emulsion fuel passes through the large-capacity static mixer 231 from the large-capacity side pressure loss measurement device 336 and the small-capacity side pressure loss measurement device 337. The pressure lost when passing through the mixer 232 is acquired.

  Further, the control device 340 is electrically connected to the driving devices of the large capacity side flow rate adjustment device 334 and the small capacity side flow rate adjustment device 335. Thereby, the control device 340 controls the drive device. Hereinafter, based on the values acquired by the control device 340 from the large-capacity side pressure loss measurement device 336 and the small-capacity side pressure loss measurement device 337, the large-capacity side flow rate adjustment device 334 and the small-capacity side flow rate adjustment device 335 are controlled. A specific example will be described.

  Hereinafter, the value of the large-capacity pressure loss measuring device 336, that is, the pressure loss in the large-capacity static mixer 231 is referred to as a large-capacity pressure loss P1. Further, the value of the small capacity side pressure loss measuring device 337, that is, the pressure loss in the small capacity static mixer 232 is defined as the small capacity side pressure loss P2.

  In addition, the allowable value of the pressure loss in the large capacity static mixer 231 is set in a range from the large capacity side allowable minimum value P1min to the large capacity side allowable maximum value P1max. That is, within this range, the flow rate of the emulsion fuel supplied to the large-capacity static mixer 231 becomes an appropriate range, and the large-capacity static mixer 231 removes water droplets contained in the emulsion fuel supplied to the large-capacity static mixer 231. The size can be reduced from 3 μm to 10 μm.

  Further, the allowable value of the pressure loss in the small-capacity static mixer 232 is set in the range of the small-capacity side allowable minimum value P2min to the small-capacity side allowable maximum value P2max. That is, within this range, the flow rate of the emulsion fuel supplied to the small-capacity static mixer 232 becomes an appropriate range, and the small-capacity static mixer 232 removes water droplets contained in the emulsion fuel supplied to the small-capacity static mixer 232. The size can be reduced from 3 μm to 10 μm.

  When the large-capacity side pressure loss P1 is not less than the large-capacity side allowable minimum value P1min and not more than the large-capacity side allowable maximum value P1max, the control device 340 opens the large-capacity side flow rate adjustment device 334 and opens the small-capacity side flow rate adjustment device. 335 is closed. Thereby, the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining apparatus 330 is set to an intermediate stage among the three stages.

  Further, the control device 340 closes the large-capacity-side flow rate adjusting device 334 when the small-capacity-side pressure loss P2 is not less than the small-capacity-side allowable minimum value P2min and not more than the small-capacity-side allowable maximum value P2max. The adjustment device 335 is opened. As a result, the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining device 330 is set to the minimum of the three stages.

  In addition, when the large-capacity pressure loss P1 exceeds the large-capacity allowable maximum value P1max, the control device 340 opens both the large-capacity flow rate adjustment device 334 and the small-capacity flow rate adjustment device 335. Thereby, the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining apparatus 330 is set to the maximum stage among the three stages.

  Here, when the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining device 330 is set to the maximum step among the three steps, the large capacity side pressure loss P1 becomes less than the large capacity side allowable minimum value P1min, or the small amount When the capacity side pressure loss P2 becomes less than the small capacity side allowable minimum value P2min, the control device 340 closes only the small capacity side flow rate adjustment device 335. Thereby, the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining apparatus 330 is set to an intermediate stage among the three stages.

  When the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining device 330 is set to an intermediate stage among the three stages, when the large capacity side pressure loss P1 becomes less than the large capacity side allowable minimum value P1min, the control apparatus 340 The large-capacity side flow rate adjustment device 334 is closed, and the small-capacity side flow rate adjustment device 335 is opened. As a result, the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining device 330 is set to the minimum of the three stages.

  Further, when the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining apparatus 330 is set to an intermediate stage among the three stages, and the large capacity side pressure loss P1 exceeds the large capacity side allowable maximum value P1max, the control apparatus 340 The small capacity side flow rate adjusting device 335 is opened. Thereby, the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining apparatus 330 is set to the maximum stage among the three stages.

  When the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining device 330 is set to the minimum step among the three steps, if the small-capacity side pressure loss P2 exceeds the small-capacity side allowable maximum value P2max, the control device 340 The side flow rate adjusting device 334 is opened, and the small capacity side flow rate adjusting device 335 is closed. Thereby, the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining apparatus 330 is set to an intermediate stage among the three stages.

  Thus, the control device 340 periodically acquires the large-capacity side pressure loss P1 and the small-capacity side pressure loss P2 from the large-capacity side pressure loss measurement device 336 and the small-capacity side pressure loss measurement device 337, and The large-capacity side flow rate adjustment device 334 and the small-capacity side flow rate adjustment device 335 are controlled based on P1 and the small-capacity side pressure loss P2.

  With the above configuration, the fuel supply device 300 can control the control device 340 based on the large-capacity side pressure loss P1 and the small-capacity side pressure loss P2 even if the flow rate of the emulsion fuel to be supplied to the fuel nozzle 524 shown in FIG. Automatically controls the large capacity flow rate adjustment device 334 and the small capacity flow rate adjustment device 335. Thereby, the fuel supply device 300 automatically adjusts the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining device 330.

  Thereby, the fuel supply apparatus 300 can suppress the fear that the emulsion fuel supplied to the fuel nozzle due to the pressure loss in the water droplet refining apparatus 330 is insufficient without requiring an operator's operation. In addition, the fuel supply device 300 makes the water droplets contained in the emulsion fuel finer because the flow rate of the emulsion fuel supplied to the water droplet refining device 330 is too small relative to the allowable amount of the water droplet refining device 330. The risk of becoming insufficient can be suppressed.

(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram illustrating a water droplet refining apparatus according to a fourth embodiment. The fuel supply device 400 of the fourth embodiment is different from the fuel supply device 300 of the third embodiment in that a control device 440 is provided instead of the control device 340 shown in FIG. The control device 440 is characterized in that when combustion vibration occurs in the gas turbine 500 shown in FIG. 1, the control device 440 controls the large capacity side flow rate adjustment device 334 and the small capacity side flow rate adjustment device 335 to suppress the combustion vibration. is there.

  As described above, in the gas turbine that burns the emulsion fuel, when the size of the water droplets contained in the emulsion fuel changes, the time when the water evaporates changes. Specifically, when the allowable amount of the water droplet refining device 430 is larger than the flow rate of the emulsion fuel actually supplied to the water droplet refining device 430, the size of the water droplets contained in the emulsion fuel increases. Thereby, the time when the water evaporates becomes later than the present time.

  Further, when the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining device 430 is smaller than the flow rate of the emulsion fuel actually supplied to the water droplet refining device 430, the size of the water droplets contained in the emulsion fuel is reduced, and the water Will evaporate sooner than now.

  Thus, when the size of the water droplets changes, the time when the water evaporates changes, and the size of the oil fuel droplets contained in the emulsion fuel changes. Then, the timing when the oil fuel burns changes, and as a result, the gas turbine 500 changes the combustion speed of the emulsion fuel.

  Generally, when combustion vibration occurs, the combustion vibration can be suppressed by changing the combustion speed of the fuel. Based on this principle, the control device 440 changes the size of water droplets contained in the emulsion fuel and suppresses combustion vibration. Hereinafter, a specific example will be described in which the control device 440 changes the state of the large-capacity side flow rate adjustment device 334 and the small-capacity side flow rate adjustment device 335 from the present when combustion vibration occurs.

  For example, when combustion vibration occurs when the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining device 430 is set to the maximum among the three steps, the control device 440 closes only the small-capacity side flow rate adjustment device 335. . Thereby, the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining device 430 changes to an intermediate stage among the three stages.

  Further, for example, when combustion vibration occurs when the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining device 430 is set to an intermediate stage among the three stages, the control device 440 opens the small-capacity side flow rate adjusting device 335. To do. Thereby, the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining device 430 changes to the maximum stage among the three stages. Alternatively, the large-capacity side flow rate adjustment device 334 is closed and the small-capacity side flow rate adjustment device 335 is opened. As a result, the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining device 430 changes to the minimum of the three stages.

  For example, when combustion vibration occurs when the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining device 430 is set to the minimum of the three steps, the control device 440 opens the large-capacity side flow rate adjustment device 334. Then, the small capacity flow rate adjusting device 335 is closed. Thereby, the allowable amount of the entire water droplet refining device 430 changes to an intermediate stage among the three stages.

  With the above configuration, the fuel supply device 400 can suppress combustion vibration by the control device 440 adjusting the size of water droplets contained in the emulsion fuel.

100, 200, 300, 400 Fuel supply apparatus 111 Oil fuel tank 112 Water tank 113 Oil fuel pipe 114 Water pipe 115 Oil fuel pump 116 Water pump 117 Oil fuel distributor 118 Water distributor 121 Fuel supply pipe (fuel supply passage)
122 Water supply pipe 130, 230, 330, 430 Water droplet refining device (water droplet refining means)
131 Static mixer
132 Outer tube 133 Blade (stationary member)
134 Blade (stationary member)
135 Protrusion (stationary member)
231 Large capacity static mixer (second mixer)
232 Small static mixer (first mixer)
233 Bypass pipe 234 Large capacity side valve (Fuel distribution adjustment means)
235 Small capacity side valve (Fuel distribution adjustment means)
334 Large-capacity side flow control device (Fuel distribution adjustment device)
335 Small-capacity side flow rate adjustment device (Fuel distribution adjustment means)
336 Large-capacity pressure loss measuring device (pressure loss measuring means)
337 Small volume side pressure loss measuring device (pressure loss measuring means)
340, 440 Control device 500 Gas turbine 510 Compression unit 520 Combustion unit 521 Combustor 530 Turbine unit 540 Exhaust unit

Claims (4)

A fuel supply passage capable of supplying emulsion fuel mixed with oil fuel and water to the combustor;
Water droplet refining means for refining the water droplets contained in the emulsion fuel flowing through the fuel supply passage;
With
The water droplet refining means includes
A plurality of mixers for stirring the emulsion fuel;
A fuel distribution amount adjusting means provided upstream of the plurality of mixers in the flow of the emulsion fuel and capable of adjusting the flow rate of the emulsion fuel distributed to the mixers;
Comprising
Pressure loss measuring means capable of measuring the pressure lost when the emulsion fuel passes through the mixer;
The fuel supply apparatus, wherein the flow rate of the emulsion fuel distributed to the mixers by the fuel distribution amount adjusting means is changed based on a value measured by the pressure loss measuring means. If the combustor produces combustion oscillations when burning the emulsion fuel,
2. The fuel supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the flow rate of the emulsion fuel distributed to each mixer is changed by the fuel distribution amount adjusting means. The water droplet refining means includes
The fuel supply apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a static mixer configured such that a stationary member is fixed inside an outer pipe through which the emulsion fuel can flow. A fuel supply device for supplying an emulsion fuel in which oil fuel and water are mixed;
A combustor for combusting the emulsion fuel supplied from the fuel supply device;
A turbine section that converts energy of combustion gas combusted by the emulsion fuel into rotational energy;
With
The fuel supply device includes:
A fuel supply passage capable of supplying the emulsion fuel to the combustor;
Water droplet refining means for refining the water droplets contained in the emulsion fuel flowing through the fuel supply passage;
With
The water droplet refining means includes
A plurality of mixers for stirring the emulsion fuel;
A fuel distribution amount adjusting means provided upstream of the plurality of mixers in the flow of the emulsion fuel and capable of adjusting the flow rate of the emulsion fuel distributed to the mixers;
Comprising
Pressure loss measuring means capable of measuring the pressure lost when the emulsion fuel passes through the mixer;
A gas turbine characterized in that the flow rate of the emulsion fuel distributed to the mixers by the fuel distribution amount adjusting means is changed based on a value measured by the pressure loss measuring means.

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