JP5300758B2 - Gas burner and combustion equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gas burner capable of sensing combustion failure in a combustion part before occurrence while reducing NOx and a burning appliance using the gas burner. <P>SOLUTION: Lean mixed gas wherein an air ratio &lambda; equals to 1.3 is burned to form a flame F1, and all primary mixed gas having a mixing ratio of primary air smaller than that of the mixed gas used for forming the flame F1 is burned to form a flame F2 for sensing separately from the flame F1. By monitoring the flame F2 for sensing by a thermocouple 14, combustion failure is sensed. When oxygen of the primary air to be mixed with fuel gas runs short caused by lack of air due to filter clogging etc., the flame F2 for sensing affected by the lack of oxygen early is separately formed and monitored. Thus, while reduction of NOx is achieved, not only combustion failure due to lack of oxygen but also combustion failure due to lack of air can be securely sensed before occurrence. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a gas burner and combustion equipment such as a fan heater using the gas burner.

Conventionally, as a gas burner used for combustion equipment such as a fan heater, a gas burner described in, for example, Patent Document 1 is known. This gas burner includes a burner body having a mixing tube and a combustion section having a flame hole plate welded to the burner body. Then, a mixed gas in which air is mixed in advance and the primary air ratio λ = 0.5 to 0.7 is fed into the mixing tube and burned on the upper surface of the flame hole plate.
On the other hand, the combustion equipment is required to reduce the amount of NOx generated due to combustion. In the gas burner described in Patent Document 1, a box having a secondary flame hole formed on the upper surface is installed in the burner body. The so-called unburned components that have not been burned on the surface of the flame hole plate are so-called secondary combustion using secondary air sucked from around the secondary flame holes when they are ejected from the secondary flame holes. By employing a two-stage combustion structure, the flame temperature is lowered to reduce the amount of NOx generated.

  Assuming that the above gas burner is applied to combustion equipment used indoors, such as fan heaters, etc., oxygen deficiency in the indoor air and primary air intake by continuing to operate the combustion equipment with the windows etc. closed There is a risk that poor combustion may occur due to a shortage of air due to clogging of dust or the like with a filter or the like installed in the section. Therefore, when oxygen in the supplied air decreases, the flame rises from the upper surface of the flame hole plate, and a thermoelectric element such as a thermocouple is brought near the surface of the flame hole plate to detect poor combustion in advance. A possible configuration has been devised.

JP 2003-4209 A

  In recent years, further reduction in NOx has been required for combustion equipment used indoors, such as fan heaters. Therefore, based on the correlation between the generally known flame temperature and the amount of NOx generated, a mixed gas having an air ratio λ larger than 1.0 (that is, a lean mixed gas in which air is excessively mixed) is used. By supplying, the flame temperature can be further lowered than the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, and a configuration in which the generation amount of NOx is further reduced can be considered.

  However, when the lean mixed gas is burned, the electromotive force of the thermocouple changes as indicated by the line B in FIG. That is, when oxygen deficiency occurs in the indoor air (FIG. 8A), the electromotive force of the thermocouple drops below the cut level at a relatively early stage, and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions. Although combustion failure can be detected before the value exceeds the standard value, but an air shortage occurs due to filter clogging or the like (FIG. 8 (b)), the electromotive force of the thermocouple once increases as the air decreases, and then Since it decreases, carbon monoxide is generated before the cut level is reached, and there is a risk that poor combustion cannot be detected. In addition, D opening degree in FIG.8 (b) means a damper opening degree, and in order to reproduce filter clogging etc., the opening degree of the damper was adjusted.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a gas burner that can detect not only combustion failure due to lack of oxygen but also combustion failure due to air shortage, and combustion equipment using the gas burner, while reducing NOx. It is what.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the fuel gas and primary air are mixed to generate a lean mixed gas having an air ratio λ = 1.1 or more. A gas burner with a main burner body with a pipe installed and a main combustion section that burns a lean mixed gas, and mixes fuel gas and primary air for detection with a smaller air ratio than the lean mixed gas A detection burner main body portion provided with a second mixing pipe for generating a mixed gas, and a detection combustion portion for burning the detection mixed gas; and the internal space of the box-shaped main body member is partitioned by a partition member; The first mixing pipe is installed in one internal space, and the second mixing pipe is installed in the other internal space, so that the main burner main body and the detection burner main body are formed, while a plurality of flame holes are provided. Insert the flame hole plate into the main burner body and the detection bar. It is attached above the main body of the main body, so that the main combustion part and the detection combustion part share the same flame hole plate, and the flame by burning a lean mixed gas on the surface of the flame hole plate, and for detection Both the flame by burning the mixed gas is formed, and the box body is fixed to the main body member so as to cover the upper part of the flame hole plate, so that secondary air is not supplied to the gas combustion in the flame hole plate. In addition, a thermoelectric element that detects a flame is installed in the detection combustion section, and a combustion failure in the entire combustion section can be detected based on a detection state of the thermoelectric element.
In the invention of claim 2 , in the invention of claim 1 , 10% of the surface of the flame plate is a detection area for burning the detection mixed gas, and the remaining 90% is for burning the lean mixed gas. It is the main combustion area.
On the other hand, in order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is such that in the combustion apparatus, the gas burner according to claim 1 or 2 and the thermoelectric element are connected, and the thermoelectric element is in a detection state. Accordingly, a control unit that performs a predetermined operation when a combustion failure in the entire combustion unit is detected is provided.

According to the present invention, air heating such as indoor heating is performed by burning a lean mixed gas having an air ratio λ = 1.1 or more, while detection of poor combustion is performed by air rather than a lean mixed gas. The detection gas mixture having a small ratio is burned in a combustion section different from the lean gas mixture, and a flame formed by burning the detection gas mixture is detected by a thermoelectric element. In other words, apart from the heating flame, when the oxygen in the primary air mixed into the fuel gas is insufficient due to air shortage due to filter clogging or the like, a flame that shows the effect earlier is formed and monitored by the thermoelectric element . Therefore, after realizing low NOx, it is possible to detect not only combustion failure due to lack of oxygen but also combustion failure due to lack of air.
In addition, the main combustion part and the detection combustion part share the same flame hole plate with a plurality of flame holes, and the flame by burning a lean mixed gas on the surface of the flame hole plate, and detection Therefore, the number of members can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced and the space can be saved.
Further, the internal space of the box-shaped main body member is partitioned by a partition member, and the first mixing pipe is installed in one internal space, and the second mixing pipe is installed in the other internal space, so that the main burner main body portion is detected. The number of parts can be reduced as compared with a structure in which the burner main body is configured using another box-shaped member, and further cost reduction and space saving can be achieved.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, 10% of the surface of the flame hole plate is set as a detection area for burning the detection mixed gas, and the remaining 90% is set as the main combustion area for burning the lean mixed gas. There is no waste in the area, and it is possible to make a configuration with the highest heating efficiency while enabling reliable detection of combustion failure.

It is explanatory drawing which showed the external appearance of the fan heater. It is explanatory drawing which showed the cross section of the fan heater. It is explanatory drawing which showed the gas burner (except a box) from upper direction. It is explanatory drawing which showed the longitudinal cross-section of the gas burner. It is explanatory drawing which showed the flame at the time of normal combustion. It is explanatory drawing which showed the flame at the time of an oxygen shortage. It is explanatory drawing which showed the example of a change of a gas burner. It is the graph which showed the change of the electromotive force of a thermocouple, and the emission amount of carbon monoxide, (a) shows the case where oxygen deficiency has occurred, and (b) shows the case where air shortage has occurred due to filter clogging, etc. ing.

  Hereinafter, a fan heater and a gas burner according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  The fan heater 1 forms a combustion chamber 3 inside a main body case 2, a gas burner 4 for warming air is installed inside the combustion chamber 3, and a fan for causing air to flow below the combustion chamber 3 5 is installed. In the fan heater 1, air is taken into the combustion chamber 3 from the air supply port 6 provided on the back surface of the main body case 2, and a part of the air is used as combustion primary air and the rest is discharged from the gas burner 4. After being mixed with the hot air, it is sent out from the air outlets 7, 7. A top panel 8 for operating the fan heater 1 is connected to a control device (not shown) that controls the operation of the fan heater 1. Further, a dust removal filter (not shown) is installed in the air supply port 6.

Here, the gas burner 4 which becomes the principal part of this invention is demonstrated in detail.
The gas burner 4 includes a burner body 11, a flame hole plate 12 attached to the upper surface of the burner body 11, a box 13 fixed to the burner body 11 so as to cover the flame hole plate 12, a thermocouple 14, An ignition electrode (not shown) and the control device are provided. The burner main body 11 has a box-shaped main body portion 31 that opens only on the upper surface, a lean mixing tube 32 inserted from the left side (left side in FIG. 3) with respect to the main body portion 31, and a right side with respect to the main body portion 31 (see FIG. 3 on the right side) and a partition wall 34 that partitions the internal space of the main body 31 between the mixing tubes 32 and 33. The lean mixing tube 32 generates a lean mixed gas having an air ratio λ = 1.3, and supplies the lean mixed gas to the first space 31 a where the lean mixing tube 32 is located in the internal space of the main body 31. ing. On the other hand, the total primary mixing pipe 33 generates a total primary mixed gas (detection mixed gas) having an air ratio λ = 1.0, and the second space 31 b in which the total primary mixing pipe 33 is located in the internal space of the main body 31. The primary mixed gas is supplied to Furthermore, the partition plate 34 is provided at a position where the area ratio of the opening of the first space 31a and the opening of the second space 31b is 90:10 in the opening of the main body 31, and the first space 31a. And the second space 31b prevent the mixed gas from going back and forth. A nozzle 35 of a gas supply pipe for supplying fuel gas is connected to the base end portion of each mixing pipe 32, 33 located outside the main body 31, and for sucking primary air. A suction port 36 is provided.

  In addition, the flame hole plate 12 has a large number of small hole-like flame holes 21, 21... Regularly arranged in a substantially rectangular plate-like member made of ceramic that is long in the left-right direction (left-right direction in FIG. 3). Therefore, it is installed in the opening provided in the main body 31 of the burner main body 11. The diameter of each flame hole 21 is 1.0 mm, and the flame holes 21, 21... Are spaced A = 1.4 mm to 1.5 mm in the longitudinal direction of the flame hole plate 11 and spaced in the short direction. B = 1.2 mm to 1.3 mm, respectively. And the area | region (area | region which becomes about 10% of the whole area) located above the 2nd space 31b when installing in the burner main body 11 in the one end part (right end part in FIG. 3) of the flame hole board 12 mentions later. It is a detection area 22. On the other hand, in the remaining 90% of the region, the region located above the first space 31 a is the main combustion area 23.

Further, the thermocouple 14 is attached in a posture so as to face the vicinity of the surface of the detection area 22 of the flame hole plate 12, and can detect a flame formed on the surface of the detection area 22. The thermocouple 14 is connected to the control device, and the control device detects the presence or absence of a flame on the surface of the detection area 22 by using the thermocouple 14 and will be described later according to the detection result. Execute control.
In addition, the box 13 is fixed to the upper surface of the burner body 11 so as to cover the upper side of the flame hole plate 12, and the auxiliary combustion chamber 15 is formed above the flame hole plate 12 by the box plate 13. . In addition, an opening 16 is provided on the top surface of the box plate 13 for sending out air heated by combustion.

The combustion at the normal time in the gas burner 4 having the above configuration and the combustion at the time of poor combustion due to lack of oxygen or air will be described.
When the top panel 8 is operated to operate the fan heater 1, the fan 5 rotates and the fuel gas is jetted from the gas supply pipe 35 to the mixing pipes 32 and 33. The primary air is taken into the mixing tubes 32 and 33, and the lean mixed gas having the air ratio λ = 1.3 in the lean mixing tube 32 and the all primary mixed gas having the air ratio λ = 1.0 in the all primary mixing tubes 33. Are generated respectively. The produced lean mixed gas is supplied to the first space 31 a and then ejected to the auxiliary combustion chamber 15 through the flame hole 21. Then, when ignited by the ignition electrode, a flame F 1 as shown in FIG. 5 is formed on the surface of the main combustion area 23 of the flame hole plate 12. Since this combustion is a combustion with a lean mixed gas in which air equal to or higher than the air necessary for combustion is previously mixed with the fuel gas, the conventional mixed gas with a primary air ratio λ = 0.5 to 0.7 is burned. The flame temperature is lower than that of the conventional type, and the amount of NOx generated is reduced more than before. Since the box 13 is fixed to the burner body 11 for processing the flame hole plate 12 for processing, secondary air is supplied from the outside when the lean mixed gas is burned on the surface of the flame hole plate 12. Absent.
On the other hand, the entire primary mixed gas is supplied to the second space 31 b and then ejected to the auxiliary combustion chamber 15 through the flame hole 21. Then, when ignited by the flame transfer from the heating flame F1, a detection flame F2 as shown in FIG. 5 is formed on the surface of the detection area 22 of the flame hole plate 12. Since this detection flame F2 is formed by the combustion of all primary mixed gas having an air ratio λ lower than that of the above-mentioned lean mixed gas, it is shorter in the vertical direction (the direction in which the mixed gas is ejected) than the flame F1. . The detection flame F2 is detected by the thermocouple 14.

  Here, for example, by operating the fan heater 1 continuously indoors for a long period of time, oxygen deficiency occurs in the surrounding air, or a filter or the like installed in the air supply port 6 is clogged with dust or dust. Air shortage may occur. In this case, the flame F1 and the detection flame F2 have shapes as shown in FIG. That is, the flame becomes longer in the vertical direction (the direction in which the mixed gas is ejected) due to the lack of oxygen contained in the mixed gas, and tends to rise upward from the surface of the flame hole plate 12. However, as described above, the flame F1 is obtained by burning a lean mixed gas in which air of a theoretical air amount or more is mixed in advance as described above. It doesn't happen until it emerges. On the other hand, the detection flame F2 is obtained by burning the entire primary mixed gas whose primary air mixing ratio is lower than that of the lean mixed gas. Therefore, particularly when air shortage occurs, the timing is earlier than that of the flame F1. Since the flame rises from the surface of the flame hole plate 12, the electromotive force of the thermocouple 14 decreases.

  Further, when oxygen deficiency occurs in the surrounding air, and when air shortage occurs due to clogging of a filter or the like, the electromotive force of the thermocouple 14 changes as indicated by the line A in FIG. That is, not only when oxygen deficiency occurs but also when air deficiency occurs, the electromotive force of the thermocouple 14 falls below the cut level before the carbon monoxide emission reaches the standard value. Therefore, the control device to which the thermocouple 14 is connected detects a combustion failure beforehand by detecting the situation (that is, a decrease in electromotive force in the thermocouple 14). When the combustion failure is detected, the supply of the fuel gas to each of the mixing pipes 32 and 33 is stopped to extinguish the gas burner 4, and the rotation of the fan 5 is stopped to stop the operation of the fan heater 1.

  As described above, according to the fan heater 1 and the gas burner 4 having the above-described configuration, the lean mixed gas having the air ratio λ = 1.3 is burned to form the flame F1, while being more primary than the mixed gas used for forming the flame F1. Combustion failure is detected in advance by burning all the primary mixed gas with a low air mixing ratio, forming a detection flame F2 separately from the flame F1, and monitoring the detection flame F2 with the thermocouple 14. That is, when oxygen in the primary air mixed with the fuel gas is insufficient due to air shortage due to filter clogging or the like, a detection flame F2 whose effect appears earlier is separately formed and monitored. Therefore, after realizing low NOx, not only combustion failure due to lack of oxygen but also combustion failure due to air shortage can be detected in advance.

Moreover, since both the main combustion area 23 and the detection area 22 are provided on the surface of the flame hole plate 12, and both the flame F1 and the detection flame F2 are formed on the surface of the flame hole plate 12, the flame As a matter of course, the number of members such as the ignition electrode can be reduced for the hole plate, and cost reduction and space saving can be achieved.
Furthermore, since 10% of the surface of the flame hole plate 12 is used as the detection area 22 and the remaining 90% is used as the main combustion area 23, there is no waste in the detection area 22 and it is possible to detect the combustion failure in advance. Above, the heating efficiency is the best.
In addition, the internal space of the main body 31 of the burner body 11 is partitioned into a first space 31a and a second space 31b by a partition wall 34, a lean mixing tube 32 is provided in the first space 31a, and an entire space is provided in the second space 31b. A primary mixing pipe 33 is installed. Therefore, the structure can be simplified and the space can be saved as compared with the configuration in which the main body having the first space 31a and the main body having the second space 31b are separately provided.

  The configuration related to the gas burner and the combustion equipment of the present invention is not limited to the aspect of the above embodiment, and the configuration related to the burner main body, the type of the combustion equipment, and the like are within the scope of the present invention. It can be changed as necessary.

  For example, instead of the gas burner 4, a gas burner 40 as shown in FIG. In the gas burner 40, the lean mixing tube 32 and the entire primary mixing tube 33 are installed in the same direction with respect to the main body portion 41 of the burner body, and both mixing tubes 32, 33 are installed by an L-shaped partition wall 42. The space (first space 41a and second space 41b) is partitioned. Even if this configuration is adopted, it is possible to reliably detect a combustion failure as described above, and it is possible to reduce the number of members and save space by sharing the number of members. Further, according to this configuration, the suction ports 36 of the lean mixing pipe 32 and all the primary mixing pipes 33 open in the same direction. Therefore, a structure for guiding the primary air to the suction ports 36, 36, fuel gas piping, and the like are provided. There is also an effect that it becomes simple.

In the above embodiment, a lean mixed gas having an air ratio λ = 1.3 is used as a mixed gas to be combusted for heating, and an air ratio λ = 1.0 is used as a detecting mixed gas to be burned for detecting defective combustion. The primary mixed gas is used, but the air ratio λ of both mixed gases can be appropriately changed. The air ratio λ of the mixed gas burned for heating is 1.1 or more, and the detection mixed gas air As long as the ratio λ is made smaller than the air ratio λ of the mixed gas burned for heating, a sufficient effect can be obtained in terms of reducing NOx and detecting defective combustion. The best mode is when all the primary mixed gas with an air ratio λ = 0.9 to 1.0 is used as the detection mixed gas and the mixed gas with the air ratio λ = 1.3 to 1.5 is used as the lean mixed gas. It becomes.
Further, the ratio between the main combustion area 23 and the detection area 22 can be changed. In the above embodiment, the ratio is 90:10. However, approximately 80% or more of the surface of the flame hole plate 12 covers the main combustion area 23. If it is, efficient heating is possible, and if approximately 5% or more of the surface of the flame hole plate 12 is the detection area 22, it is possible to reliably detect defective combustion.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the thermocouple 14 is used as the thermoelectric element, but other thermoelectric elements such as a frame rod may be employed.
It is also possible to separate the flame plate for main combustion and detection of defective combustion, and separate the main body part constituting the first space 31a and the main body part constituting the second space 31b. It may be provided on the body. Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the ignition electrode is exposed to the main combustion area 23, and the detection flame F2 is formed by transfer after the formation of the flame F1, but the ignition electrode is exposed to the detection area 22. It is possible to appropriately change the configuration such that the flame F1 is formed by the transfer of fire after the detection flame F2 is formed. Furthermore, the configuration of the combustion section for burning the mixed gas is not limited to the so-called surface combustion configuration in which a flame is formed on the surface of the flame hole plate as in the above embodiment.
In addition, although the said embodiment demonstrated the fan heater 1 which is an example of a combustion apparatus, even if it applies the gas burner 4 to other combustion apparatuses, such as a gas stove, there is no problem.

  1 .... Fan heater (combustion equipment) 2 .... Main body case 4, 40 .... Gas burner, 11 .... Burner body, 12 .... Flame hole plate (main combustion part, detection combustion part), 13 .... Box Body, 14 ... Thermocouple (thermoelectric element), 15 ... Sub-combustion chamber, 16 ... Opening, 21 ... Flame hole, 22 ... Detection area (detection combustion part), 23 ... Main combustion area (main Combustion part), 31, 41 .. Main body part (main body member), 31a, 41a .. First space (main burner main body part), 31b, 41b .. Second space (detection burner main body part), 32. Dilute mixing pipe (first mixing pipe), 33 .. All primary mixing pipes (second mixing pipe), 34, 42 .. Partition wall (partition member), 35 .. Nozzle, 36.

Claims (3)

A main burner main body portion provided with a first mixing pipe for mixing a fuel gas and primary air to generate a lean mixed gas having an air ratio λ = 1.1 or more, and a main combustion portion for burning the lean mixed gas A gas burner with
A fuel gas and primary air are mixed, and a detection burner main body provided with a second mixing pipe for generating a detection mixed gas having an air ratio smaller than that of the lean mixed gas, and the detection mixed gas is burned Providing a detection combustion section , partitioning the internal space of the box-shaped main body member with a partition member , and installing the first mixing pipe in one internal space and the second mixing pipe in the other internal space, respectively. While constituting the main burner main body and the detection burner main body,
A flame hole plate having a plurality of flame holes is mounted above the main burner main body and the detection burner main body so that the main combustion part and the detection combustion part share the same flame hole plate. And forming both a flame by burning the lean mixed gas and a flame by burning the detection mixed gas on the surface of the flame hole plate, and covering the upper part of the flame hole plate. A box is fixed to the main body member so that secondary air is not supplied to the combustion of gas in the flame hole plate,
Further, a gas burner characterized in that a thermoelectric element for detecting a flame is installed in the detection combustion section, and a combustion failure in the entire combustion section can be detected based on a detection state of the thermoelectric element. A detection area of 10% of the surface of the flame hole plate to burn the detection gas mixture, according to claim 1, wherein the remaining 90% are the primary combustion area to burn the lean gas Gas burner. 3. The gas burner according to claim 1 and the thermoelectric element are connected, and a control unit that performs a predetermined operation when a defective combustion in the entire combustion unit is detected according to a detection state of the thermoelectric element is installed. Combustion equipment characterized by that.

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