JP5281376B2 - Character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the following problem: a dynamic misalignment (DMA) phenomenon visible as a black and low transmissivity region (black shadow region) in a vertical alignment mode liquid crystal layer of a white region when voltage is applied thereto cannot be inhibited in a character type vertical alignment mode liquid crystal display. <P>SOLUTION: Generation and propagation of the DMA phenomenon is prevented by providing a wall layer W having the same shape as the peripheral shape of a display pattern in a liquid crystal between glass substrates to a display pattern P constituted by a superposed pattern of a segment electrode and a common electrode. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a character type (also referred to as segment type) vertical alignment liquid crystal display device.

  In general, in a character type vertically aligned liquid crystal display device, liquid crystal molecules are vertically aligned with respect to a substrate when no voltage is applied, so that black display is very good, and a vertically aligned liquid crystal layer between two polarizing plates. By inserting an optical compensator having negative optical anisotropy into one or both of these, the viewing angle characteristics are very good (see Patent Document 1).

  In addition, in the vertical alignment liquid crystal layer, mono-domain alignment by performing rubbing alignment, ultraviolet alignment, etc. on the alignment layer, and multi-domain alignment by processing such as providing slits on the electrodes and providing protrusions on the substrate. Etc. have been proposed. In particular, the monodomain alignment treatment can be controlled so that the alignment state in the vertically aligned liquid crystal layer is uniform regardless of whether a voltage is applied.

  Furthermore, a pretilt angle is provided to prevent alignment defects when a voltage is applied to the vertical alignment liquid crystal layer, and the liquid crystal molecules in the vertical alignment liquid crystal layer are slightly tilted from the vertical with respect to the substrate even when no voltage is applied. It is like that.

There is a multiplex driving method as a driving method of a character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device that does not use a thin film transistor (TFT). As a general multiplex drive method, an optimum bias method is used. As a drive waveform, an in-frame inversion drive or 1-line inversion drive waveform (hereinafter referred to as A waveform), a frame inversion drive waveform (hereinafter referred to as B waveform). And N line inversion drive waveform (hereinafter referred to as C waveform). Currently, the B waveform with the lowest power consumption is widely used.
JP 2005-234254 A

  However, in the above-described conventional character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal azimuth angle is controlled from the set direction due to some external factor because the regulation force of the liquid crystal azimuth angle is weaker than that of the horizontal alignment liquid crystal display device such as TN mode. The retardation partially changes due to the shift, and as a result, a black low transmittance region may be visually recognized as a “shadow” region in the vertically aligned liquid crystal layer in the white region when a voltage is applied. In addition, the black shaded area may be visually recognized not only as the front (normal direction) of the liquid crystal display device but also as a “roughened” area when the viewing angle is swung. Furthermore, the black shadow area has continuity and may reach an adjacent area and be visually recognized as a “uniform” area. The phenomenon that is visually recognized as the shadow region, the rough region, or the uneven region is called a so-called dynamic misalignment (DMA) phenomenon, which deteriorates display uniformity and causes a lack of display pattern. There is a problem of becoming.

  The state of occurrence of the above-described DMA phenomenon is considered to change due to various internal factors, for example, the pretilt angle and the frame response phenomenon of the liquid crystal caused by the azimuth angle regulation force.

  As an external factor, there is an oblique electric field generated between two electrode layers, that is, a segment electrode layer and a common electrode layer. An oblique electric field is generated between the edge of the segment electrode of the segment electrode layer and the flat portion of the common electrode of the common electrode layer, and between the edge of the common electrode of the common electrode layer and the flat portion of the segment electrode of the segment electrode layer In particular, the influence is large in the case of a vertically aligned liquid crystal display device. That is, since the negative liquid crystal in the vertically aligned liquid crystal display device is tilted in the vertical direction with respect to the electric lines of force of the electric field, it is also tilted in the vertical direction with respect to the electric lines of force of the oblique electric field. As a result, when the liquid crystal director is in a different direction from the liquid crystal director by the alignment treatment, it is visually recognized as a black shadow region at the boundary portion.

  The shadow area described above is not a line but a wide area. It is considered that the shadowed region becomes a wide region because the liquid crystal molecules easily move in the substrate in-plane direction (azimuth angle direction). The state where the liquid crystal molecules are easy to move includes a state where the pre-tilt angle is near 90 ° near the vertical and the orientation restriction force (anchoring) in the azimuth direction is weak, and the liquid crystal has good responsiveness. The high pretilt in which the former pretilt angle is approximately 90 ° close to the vertical is necessary for improving sharpness for wide viewing angle characteristics when high duty driving is performed. Further, the latter state in which the liquid crystal has good response is when the liquid crystal material is a low-viscosity material, when the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is small, when the operating temperature is high, and the like. In any case, the liquid crystal molecules are more likely to fall in the azimuth direction of the oblique electric field than the azimuth direction regulated by the pretilt angle by the pulse waveform of the multiplex driving method, and as a result, the azimuth direction set by the alignment process In other words, a liquid crystal director deviating from the alignment processing direction appears at a point where an oblique electric field is generated in a different direction. The liquid crystal molecules work to align each other in the alignment direction, and as described above, the environment where the regulation force due to the alignment treatment is weak, the area where the liquid crystal director is displaced gradually expands from the base point to the periphery. As a result, the liquid crystal director is displaced from the alignment processing direction in a wide region.

  As a technique for preventing the occurrence of the shadow area described above, it is conceivable to suppress the frame response phenomenon. In other words, the frame frequency is increased, and the high frequency driving method is used to shorten the pulse interval by the multiplex driving method by using the A waveform, C waveform, or multiplex line addressing (MLA) waveform. Suppress. However, such a high-frequency driving method has problems that power consumption increases and a crosstalk phenomenon due to the resistance component of the electrode layer increases.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to suppress the DMA phenomenon of a character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device without using a high frequency driving method.

In order to solve the above-described problems, a character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a first electrode, a second substrate, and a segment electrode constituting a plurality of segment electrodes provided inside the first substrate. A layer, a common electrode layer constituting a plurality of common electrodes provided inside the second substrate, and a segment electrode layer and a common electrode layer provided to cover the segment electrode layer and the common electrode layer inside each of the first and second substrates, One side of the first and second vertical alignment film layers which are provided between the first and second substrates and the first and second substrates are aligned and processed at least on one side. by the mono-domain type vertically aligned liquid crystal layer the pretilt angle is imparted, the first, is formed between the second substrate, in peripheral shape and the same shape of the display pattern constituted by overlapping patterns of segment electrodes and the common electrode There is height Those having a wall layer is 1/2 or more of the thickness of the domain-type vertically aligned liquid crystal layer. As a result, the wall layer prevents the occurrence of the DMA phenomenon due to the oblique electric field around the display pattern.

  Furthermore, a wall layer having the same shape as the reduced shape of the peripheral shape of the display pattern is provided to prevent propagation of the DMA phenomenon caused by the mutual alignment ability between the liquid crystal molecules.

  That is, in the character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device, since the display pattern has a complicated shape composed of straight lines and curves, it is caused by the oblique electric field and pretilt generated between the edge of the electrode and the flat portion of the other electrode. The relationship with the liquid crystal director is not simple compared to the dot matrix type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device, that is, the DMA phenomenon is likely to occur. On the other hand, the DMA phenomenon is related to the fact that liquid crystals have fluid and crystal properties. From this, the inventor blocked the occurrence of the DMA phenomenon by the above-mentioned wall layer, and also prevented the DMA phenomenon by propagating the deviation of the liquid crystal azimuth angle due to the mutual alignment ability of the liquid crystal molecules in all directions by the wall layer. Devised to prevent the propagation of

According to the present invention, the generation and propagation of the DMA phenomenon is prevented by the wall layer, and as a result, the DMA phenomenon can be suppressed. Further, since high frequency driving is not required, power consumption can be reduced and crosstalk can be reduced. Since the DMA phenomenon in the high temperature region is suppressed, the operating margin of the driving condition can be widened, and the power consumption can be reduced. Furthermore, since the high pretilt can be achieved, sharpness can be improved, that is, contrast and wide viewing angle characteristics can be improved.

  1 is a layout diagram of segment electrodes SEG1, SEG2,..., SEG13 of a character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a layout diagram of common electrodes COM1, COM2,. 3 is a layout diagram of a display pattern composed of overlapping patterns of the segment electrodes SEG1, SEG2,..., SEG13 of FIG. 1 and the common electrodes COM1, COM2,.

  In FIG. 3, the display pattern P includes a small size display pattern P1 having a line width of 0.4 mm (400 μm) and a large size display pattern P2 having a line width of 0.8 mm (800 μm).

  In FIG. 3, W denotes a wall layer added according to the present invention. That is, the wall layer W has the same shape as the surrounding shape of each display pattern P1, P2. This prevents the occurrence of the DMA phenomenon due to the oblique electric field in the vicinity of the display patterns P1 and P2, and also prevents the propagation of the DMA phenomenon.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device shown in FIGS.

  The upper structure 1 includes a segment electrode layer 14 constituting the segment electrodes SEG1, SEG2,..., SEG13 of FIG. 1, and the lower structure 2 is a common electrode layer 24 constituting the common electrodes COM1, COM2,. 4 and the vertical alignment liquid crystal layer 3 is provided between the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2.

  The upper structure 1 includes a polarizing plate 11, an optical compensation plate 12, a glass substrate 13, a transparent segment electrode layer 14, an insulating layer 15 and a vertical alignment film layer 16. Similarly, the lower structure 2 includes a polarizing plate 21, The optical compensation plate 22, the glass substrate 23, the transparent common electrode layer 24, the wall layer W, the insulating layer 25, and the vertical alignment film layer 26 are included.

  The polarizing plates 11 and 21 are made of an iodine-based material, a dye-based material, or the like, and for example, Polatechno SHC-13U is used. The crossing angle of the polarizing plates 11 and 21 is 90 °, and the crossed Nicols of + 45 ° and −45 ° with respect to the set liquid crystal director of the vertical alignment liquid crystal layer 3 so that the change in the phase difference when voltage is applied becomes the largest. It is a combination. Note that 90 ° may be shifted by several degrees. The liquid crystal director of the vertical alignment liquid crystal layer 3 is set to the upper side (12 o'clock direction) or the lower side (6 o'clock direction) when the display pattern is viewed from the front, so that the left and right viewing angle characteristics are almost equal. A viewing angle display is obtained.

The optical compensation plates 12 and 13 are uniaxial retardation plates called negative C plates, and are composed of one C plate having an in-plane retardation value ΔR = 0 nm and a thickness direction retardation value ΔR _th = 220 nm. In place of the C plate, an A plate or a B plate which is a biaxial retardation plate may be used.

  The segment electrode layer 14 and the common electrode layer 24 are formed of indium tin oxide (ITO) or the like.

The insulating layers 15 and 25 are for insulating the segment electrode layer 14 and the common electrode layer 24. The effect of preventing a short circuit between that by the foreign matter in the liquid crystal cell electrodes.

The polymer vertical alignment layers 16 and 26 are formed of polyimide, an inorganic film, or the like, and the alignment is controlled by protrusion alignment, rubbing treatment, ultraviolet alignment, or the like. For example, a film is formed by flexographic printing, then baked, and a pretilt angle θ _p of 89.5 ° or 89.9 ° is given by rubbing. In this case, the direction of the pretilt angle of the lower polymer vertical alignment layer 26 is 12 o'clock (counterclockwise 90 ° when the right is 0 degree), and the pretilt angle of the upper polymer vertical alignment layer 16 is The corner direction is anti-parallel orientation at 6 o'clock.

  The vertically aligned liquid crystal layer 3 is a monodomain type, and is a negative liquid crystal having a negative Δε, for example, a Δε = −2.6 and an optical anisotropy Δn = 0.20. The thickness T of the vertical alignment liquid crystal layer 3 is 2.0 μm. A chiral agent for taking a twist structure can also be added.

  The line width of the wall layer W is 10 μm or more, for example, 50 μm, and is provided on the common electrode layer 24 and the glass substrate 23. The height H of the wall layer W is ½ of the thickness T of the vertical alignment liquid crystal layer 3, that is, 1 μm. Note that the thicknesses of the electrode layers 14 and 24, the insulating layers 15 and 25, and the vertical alignment film layers 16 and 26 are very small compared to the height H and the thickness T.

The wall layer W may be transparent or light-shielding (black matrix). However, the light-shielding property is preferable in order to maintain the contrast when the viewing angle is changed. For example, patterning is performed by photolithography in which an ultraviolet curable resin is deposited 1 μm on a spin coater, temporarily baked, exposed to ultraviolet light using a photomask in the same shape as the surrounding shape of the display pattern, and developed with a developer. Can be formed. In the case of light shielding properties, carbon or several color pigments are contained in the ultraviolet curable resin as a black material. In addition, since the wall layer W is directly formed on the common electrode layer 24 constituting the common electrodes COM1, COM2,..., COM6, the material of the wall layer W is 10 in order to prevent a short circuit between adjacent common electrodes. ⁹ Ωcm or more insulation is required. Therefore, when carbon is contained, insulating carbon is used. However, this is not the case when the insulating layer 25 is formed. When the wall layer W is formed of a light-shielding resin, it is preferable to minimize the decrease in the aperture ratio by making the line width as small as possible (for example, 50 μm) as described above.

  5 and 6 show an actual example of the wall layer W of FIG. 4, that is, FIG. 5A is an optical micrograph showing an example of the segment electrode viewed from the lower side of the upper structure 1 of FIG. FIG. 5B is an optical micrograph showing an example of the common electrode and the wall layer W viewed from above the lower structure 2. 6A is an optical micrograph showing an example of the segment electrode viewed from the lower side of the upper structure 1 in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6B is a common electrode viewed from the upper side of the lower structure 2. 2 is an optical micrograph showing an example of a wall layer W.

  FIG. 7A shows the experimental results of driving the character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device of FIG. 4 (corresponding to the small size display pattern P1) with 1/64 duty and 1/9 bias by the B waveform of the frame inversion drive. .

As shown in FIG. 7A, when the pretilt angle θ _p = 89.5 °, the DMA phenomenon in the shaded area is visually recognized in the vicinity of the wall layer at 450 Hz or less, and the DMA phenomenon is observed at 420 Hz or less. It propagates from the vicinity to the entire display pattern, and at 330 Hz or lower, the DMA phenomenon propagates to the adjacent display pattern. On the other hand, at 480 Hz or higher, the DMA phenomenon in the shadow area cannot be visually recognized, indicating a good transmission state of the display pattern.

  Further, as shown in the comparative example of FIG. 7B, when a conventional character-type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device having no wall layer W is driven under the same conditions, there is a shadow in the vicinity of the display pattern at 570 Hz or lower. The DMA phenomenon is visually recognized, and at 480 Hz or less, the DMA phenomenon propagates to the entire display pattern. At 450 Hz or less, the DMA phenomenon propagates to the adjacent display pattern. On the other hand, at 600 Hz or higher, the DMA phenomenon in the shadow area cannot be visually recognized, indicating a good transmission state of the display pattern.

  As described above, since the frequency in the case of FIG. 7A is lower than that in the case of FIG. 7B, the character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device of FIG. It can be seen that the DMA phenomenon is clearly suppressed as compared with the same type of conventional character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device in which the wall layer W does not exist. That is, since the wall layer W has the same shape as the peripheral shape of the display pattern including at least the edge of the segment electrode or common electrode, the influence of the oblique electric field on the edge of the segment electrode or common electrode can be reduced. The occurrence of the phenomenon can be prevented, and the propagation to the inside of the display pattern, that is, the entire display pattern can also be prevented.

Similarly, when the thickness T of the vertical alignment liquid crystal layer 3 is 4 μm and the height H of the wall layer W is 2 μm (= T / 2) at the pretilt angle θ _p = 89.5 °, the DMA phenomenon is similarly caused. It turns out that it is suppressed. Further, when the thickness T was 4 μm and the height of the wall layer W was 1 μm (= T / 4), the effect of suppressing the DMA phenomenon was not observed.

  As shown in FIG. 7A, the height H of the wall layer W is set to 1/2 of the thickness T of the vertical alignment liquid crystal layer 3 (H = T / 2). From the viewpoint of the effect of suppressing the phenomenon, it is preferable that H ≧ T / 2.

  For example, if the height H of the wall layer W is 0.7 μm and the thickness T (= 2 μm) of the vertical alignment liquid crystal layer 3 is 0.35, the DMA phenomenon in the shaded region is visible even at 390 Hz. That is, the effect of suppressing the DMA phenomenon is smaller than that in the case of H = T / 2.

  Further, if the height H of the wall layer W is 1.2 μm and the thickness T (= 2 μm) of the vertically aligned liquid crystal layer 3 is 0.60, the DMA phenomenon in the shadow area is visually recognized at 360 Hz or lower, Above 390Hz, the DMA phenomenon in the shadow area is not visible. That is, the effect of suppressing the DMA phenomenon is larger than that in the case of H = T / 2.

  From the viewpoint of the effect of suppressing the DMA phenomenon, the lower limit value of the height H of the wall layer W is limited by H ≧ T / 2, but the height H of the wall layer W is set to the thickness T of the vertical alignment liquid crystal layer 3. It is not preferable to make it. That is, when filling the liquid crystal by the vacuum injection method, if H = T, the liquid crystal cannot move when the liquid crystal is injected, and the liquid crystal cannot be injected. Therefore, from the viewpoint of liquid crystal injection, a space of at least about 10% of the cell thickness (gap between the wall height and the cell thickness) is required. As a result, the upper limit value of the height H of the wall layer W is H ≦ It is necessary to limit by 0.9T. On the other hand, when the liquid crystal is filled by the dropping method, the condition of H = T is not necessarily an invalid condition. If the dropping interval by the dropping method is sufficiently shorter than the repeating interval of the lattice-like wall layer W, no problem arises even with H = T. However, when the dropping interval is not sufficiently short, a gap between the wall height and the cell thickness equivalent to the vacuum injection method is required to level the dropped liquid crystal.

    In the character type vertically aligned liquid crystal display device of FIG. 4, the driving results for the small size display pattern P1 (line width 0.4 mm) and the large size display pattern P2 (line width 0.8 mm) of FIG. Shown in A) and (B). That is, as shown in FIG. 8A, when the inner wall interval of the wall layer W is 0.4 mm (400 μm), the DMA phenomenon in the shadow area is not visually recognized at 360 Hz or higher, and a good image state is obtained. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8B, when the inner wall interval of the wall layer W is 0.8 mm (800 μm), the DMA phenomenon in the shadow area is not visually recognized at 450 Hz or higher, and a good image state is obtained. Therefore, the interval between the inner walls of the wall layer W is preferably 400 μm or less.

For the large size display pattern P2 (line width 0.8 mm) of FIG. 3, the same wall layer _Wr as the reduced shape of the peripheral shape of the large size display pattern P2 is added as shown in FIGS. Thus, the wall layer is W, the inner wall distance W _r between 0.4 mm (400 [mu] m). As a result, even in the large size display pattern P2, there is no sense of incongruity in the pattern visibility when turned on.

  FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the large size display pattern P2 portion of FIG.

On the other hand, since there is no movement of the liquid crystal in the wall layers W and W _r , the on-time transmittance is lowered, that is, the aperture ratio is lowered. Thus, the wall layer W, as an inner wall distance W _r is small, the aperture ratio is reduced by increasing the area of the wall layer W occupying the display pattern. In order to suppress the decrease in the aperture ratio, the line width of the wall layer W should be small, but considering the photolithography for forming the wall layer W, the lower limit of the line width of the wall layer W is about 10 μm. is there.

4 and 10, the wall layers W and _Wr are provided on the common electrode layer 24 side. However, for example, as shown in FIG. 11, even if the wall layer W ′ is provided on the segment electrode layer 14 side, the DMA phenomenon occurs. The inhibitory effect is not changed.

  Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, even if the wall layer W is provided on the common electrode layer 24 side and the wall layer W ′ is provided on the segment electrode layer 14 side, two total heights (= H + H ′) If the thickness is 1/2 or more of the thickness T of the vertical alignment liquid crystal layer 3, the effect of suppressing the DMA phenomenon does not change. In addition, since the height of each wall layer can be reduced by providing the wall layer on the common electrode layer 24 side and the segment electrode layer 14 side, the vertical alignment film layers 26 and 16 are not rubbed in the vicinity of the side surface portion of the wall layer. As a result, the influence on the liquid crystal director in the display pattern of the wall layer can be reduced. Further, when the wall layers are provided on both the common electrode layer side and the segment electrode layer side, the one side wall layer may be a transparent material and the other side wall layer may be a black matrix material.

  Further, the present invention can be applied to both transmissive and reflective simple matrix vertical alignment liquid crystal display devices. In the case of the reflective type, a reflective layer is provided on one outer side of the polarizing plate, and incidence / emission is performed from the other polarizing plate.

FIG. 3 is a layout diagram showing segment electrodes of a character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a layout diagram illustrating a common electrode of a character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a layout diagram illustrating a display pattern that is an overlapping pattern of the segment electrode of FIG. 1 and the common electrode of FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. 5A and 5B are optical micrographs showing an actual example of the wall layer of FIG. 4, where FIG. 5A shows the segment electrode of the upper structure of FIG. 4, and FIG. 5B shows the common electrode and wall layer of the lower structure of FIG. 4. . FIG. 5 is an optical micrograph showing another example of the wall layer of FIG. 4, (A) shows the segment electrode of the upper structure of FIG. 4, and (B) is the common electrode and wall layer of the lower structure of FIG. 4. Indicates. It is an optical microscope photograph figure which shows the experimental result which driven the character type | mold vertical alignment liquid crystal display device of FIG. It is an optical microscope photograph figure which shows the experimental result which driven the character type | mold vertical alignment liquid crystal display device of FIG. It is a layout figure which shows the example of a change of FIG. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 9. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of a change of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of a change of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

SEG1, SEG2, ..., SEG13: Segment electrode
COM1, COM2, ..., COM6: Common electrode
P: Display pattern
P1: Small size display pattern
P2: Large size display pattern
W, W _r , W ′: wall layer 1: upper structure 2: lower structure 3: vertical alignment liquid crystal layer 11: polarizing plate 12: optical compensator 13: glass substrate 14: segment electrode layer 15: insulating layer 16: vertical Alignment layer 21: Polarizing plate 22: Optical compensation plate 23: Glass substrate 24: Common electrode layer 25: Insulating layer 26: Vertical alignment layer

Claims (8)

First and second substrates;
A segment electrode layer constituting a plurality of segment electrodes provided inside the first substrate;
A common electrode layer constituting a plurality of common electrodes provided inside the second substrate;
First and second vertical alignment film layers that are provided inside the first and second substrates so as to cover the segment electrode layer and the common electrode layer, and at least one side of which is subjected to alignment treatment;
A monodomain vertical alignment liquid crystal layer provided between the first and second substrates and provided with a pretilt angle by one side of the first and second vertical alignment film layers which are subjected to the alignment treatment ;
The monodomain vertical alignment liquid crystal layer that is formed between the first and second substrates and has the same shape as the surrounding shape of the display pattern constituted by the overlapping pattern of the segment electrode and the common electrode, and the height is the same. A character-type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device, comprising: a wall layer having a thickness equal to or greater than ½ of the thickness .   The character type vertically aligned liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, further comprising a wall layer having the same shape as a reduced shape of the peripheral shape of the display pattern.   The character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein each of the wall layers is provided on the second substrate side.   The character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein each of the wall layers is provided on the first substrate side. Each of the wall layers is provided facing the first and second substrates, and the total height of the wall layers provided facing each other instead of the height is the monodomain vertical alignment liquid crystal layer. The character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 , wherein the character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device is at least half of the thickness of the liquid crystal display.   The character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein an interval between the inner walls of each of the wall layers is 400 μm or less.   The character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein a line width of each wall layer is 10 μm or more.   The character type vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein each of the wall layers is made of an ultraviolet curable material.

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