JP5197361B2 - 睡眠障害を処置するための組成物および方法 - Google Patents
睡眠障害を処置するための組成物および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5197361B2 JP5197361B2 JP2008515832A JP2008515832A JP5197361B2 JP 5197361 B2 JP5197361 B2 JP 5197361B2 JP 2008515832 A JP2008515832 A JP 2008515832A JP 2008515832 A JP2008515832 A JP 2008515832A JP 5197361 B2 JP5197361 B2 JP 5197361B2
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- apnea
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- serotonin
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Description
本願は、2005年6月6日に出願された米国仮出願第60/687,803号の利益を主張し、該米国仮出願第60/687,803号の内容は、その全体が本明細書において参考として援用される。
呼吸障害の離散群の研究に多大な努力が捧げられてきた。呼吸障害は主に睡眠の間に起こり、結果として、日中の眠気の形をとり覚醒時を通して持続し得、相当な経済的損失(例えば、数千もの失われたマンアワー)をもたらすかまたは雇用上の安全問題(例えば、重機の操作中の雇用者の注意力欠如)を引き起こす。睡眠関連呼吸障害は、呼吸の反復的低下(低呼吸)、呼吸の周期的停止(無呼吸)、または換気の連続的もしくは持続的な低下によって特徴付けられる。
本発明は、睡眠関連呼吸障害を予防するかまたは寛解させる方法であって、少なくとも一つのコレシストキニン(CCK)受容体アンタゴニストをかかる治療を必要とする患者に投与することによるものである。特定の態様において、CCK受容体アンタゴニストを、睡眠関連呼吸障害を処置するために有用な少なくとも一つの他の治療剤と組み合わせて使用する。
ここで、コレシストキニン(CCK)受容体アンタゴニストを投与すると、無呼吸の発現の頻度が全ての睡眠段階において有意に低下することを見出した。したがって、本発明は、睡眠関連呼吸困難の予防または抑制におけるCCK受容体アンタゴニストの使用に関する。
例示的なグルタミン酸再取り込み促進剤として、ゾニサミドが挙げられるがこれに限定されない。
例示的なセロトニン再取り込み阻害剤として、以下が挙げられるがこれらに限定されない:フルオキセチン、ノルフルオキセチン、R(+)−フルオキセチン、S(−)−フルオキセチン、パロキセチン、ジメリジン、ピランダミン(pirandamine)、フルボキサミン、シタロプラム、エスシタロプラム、ORG6582、p−ブロモEXP561、LM5008、セルトラリン、および他のセロトニン再取り込み阻害剤。
例示的な組み合わせたセロトニン/ノルアドレナリン再取り込み阻害剤として、以下が挙げられるがこれらに限定されない:ベンラファキシン、ミルナシプラン、デュロキセチン、プレガバリン、LY248686、ストラテラ、および他の組み合わせたセロトニン/ノルアドレナリン再取り込み阻害剤。
例1:動物モデル
この例は、いずれかのCCK受容体アンタゴニスト単独または他の剤との組み合わせによる処置のために実験動物を準備する方法、ならびにその後の生理学的記録および試験を説明する。
成体のオスのSprague-Dawleyラット(Sasco-King,Wilmington,MA)、1試験群につき通常8個体、平均体重300gで、12時間明期/12時間暗期の周期で1週間維持した。動物を個別のケージ中で飼育し、食餌および水への随意のアクセスを与えた。1週間の順化の後で、動物を以下の外科的手法に供した。
手術の後で、全ての動物を、睡眠および呼吸について記録する前に1週間快復させる。
この例は、処置動物およびコントロール動物において使用される生理学的記録方法、ならびにCCKアンタゴニストの投与から得られる結果の解釈を記載する。
本明細書において記載されるように準備された各々の動物からの生理学的パラメーターを、ランダムな順序の2回または5回の機会で記録し、個々の動物についての記録を、少なくとも3日間あけて行った。各々の記録の15分前に、動物は、食塩水(コントロール)または薬物処置の活性用量の全身注入(1mL/kgの腹腔内ボーラス)を受ける。
この例は、第一にCCKアゴニスト投与によって処置され、その後CCK受容体アンタゴニスト投与によって処置された実験動物から得られた結果の解釈を記載する。
麻酔動物において呼吸応答をもたらすためのCCKアンタゴニストまたはCCKアゴニスト単独でまたは組合せての投与を、本明細書において記載するように行う。CCKアゴニストの後の睡眠時無呼吸の率の増加、およびCCKアンタゴニストでの処置によるこの効果の遮断は、睡眠時無呼吸および他の睡眠関連呼吸障害を処置するためのアンタゴニストの治療効力の指標である。
麻酔動物において呼吸応答をもたらすための、CCKアンタゴニスト単独でおよび他の剤(例えば、セロトニンアゴニスト、大麻模倣剤、SSRIまたはSNRIが挙げられるがこれらに限定されない)と組合せての投与を、本明細書において記載するように行う。薬物相互作用を検出して特徴付けるために、受容され当該分野において認められた決定的な標準として、イソボログラフ(Isobolographic)分析を用いる(Luszczki&Cmczwar(2003),Epilepsy Res.56:27-42)。薬物相乗作用を定量するために、「相互作用指標」が提案されており(Tallarida(2002)Pain 98:163-168)、この指標もまた、二つの化合物うちの一つが独立した有効性を欠く場合、相乗効果を特徴付けるために有用である(例えば、SSRI、Kraiczi,et al.(1999)Sleep 22:61-66を参照)。イソボログラフ分析および相互作用指標は、DE50の統計学的概算に依存する。したがって、前臨床試験において、無呼吸発現の50%低下を確実に計測するために十分な効力を有することが重要である。この形態の効力決定のために、睡眠時無呼吸発現の用量依存的変化を、単独のまたは多様な比において組合せた各々の剤(すなわち、CCKアンタゴニストおよび第二剤)について決定する。
上記の例によって示すように、CCKは、無呼吸の発生において重要な役割を果たす。より具体的には、迷走神経の下神経節が、CCK AおよびCCK B受容体アンタゴニストのための重要な標的部位であると考えられる。
したがって、前述のことを考慮すると、睡眠関連呼吸障害を処置(睡眠時無呼吸症候群、乳児期の無呼吸、チェーン・ストークス呼吸、睡眠関連低換気症候群)は、CCK AまたはCCK B受容体のいずれかの拮抗作用を示す薬剤、ならびにCCK AおよびCCK B受容体の両方の拮抗作用を示す薬剤の単独でまたは組合せにおいての全身投与を介して、効果的に予防または抑制することができる。
Claims (3)
- 睡眠関連呼吸障害を予防するかまたは寛解させるための医薬組成物であって、少なくとも一つのコレシストキニン(CCK)B受容体アンタゴニストを含み、
前記少なくとも一つのコレシストキニン(CCK)B受容体アンタゴニストが、CR2945、YM022、L-740,093、L-365,260、L-156,586、LY-262691、RP 69758、RP
72540、RP 73870、テトロノチオジン(tetronothiodin)、CI-1015、CI-988、YF476、GV150013X、スピログルミド(spiroglumide)、CR2622、L-708,474、L-369,466、L-736,380、FR175985、CP212,454、CP310,713、GV191869X、GV199114X、S-0509、DA-3934、LY-202769、CAM1189、JB93182、およびAG-04lRからなる群から選択され、
前記睡眠関連呼吸障害が、閉塞性睡眠時無呼吸症候群、未熟児無呼吸発作、先天性中枢性低換気症候群、肥満低換気症候群、中枢性睡眠時無呼吸症候群、チェーン・ストークス呼吸、およびいびきからなる群から選択される、前記医薬組成物。 - 少なくとも一つの他の睡眠関連呼吸障害治療剤をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 睡眠関連呼吸障害が、中枢性または閉塞性睡眠時無呼吸症候群である、請求項1または2に記載の医薬組成物。
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US68780305P | 2005-06-06 | 2005-06-06 | |
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WO2007047575A2 (en) * | 2005-10-14 | 2007-04-26 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois | Pharmacological treatments for sleep-related breathing disorders |
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AU2014352875B2 (en) | 2013-11-22 | 2019-10-24 | CL BioSciences LLC | Gastrin antagonists (eg YF476, netazepide) for treatment and prevention of osteoporosis |
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AU2017357747A1 (en) | 2016-11-10 | 2019-05-30 | The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York | System, method and biomarkers for airway obstruction |
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US5618811A (en) | 1993-07-26 | 1997-04-08 | Pfizer Inc. | Tetrahydro-1H-benzazepinones and hexahydroazepinones as selective cholecystokinin-B receptor antagonists |
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