JP5141432B2 - Scroll compressor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a scroll compressor used in a cooling device such as a cooling / heating air conditioner or a refrigerator, or a heat pump type hot water supply device.

  Conventionally, scroll compressors used in refrigeration air conditioners and refrigerators generally have a compression chamber formed by meshing a fixed scroll and a rotating scroll in which a spiral wrap rises from an end plate, and the rotating scroll is rotated by a rotation restraint mechanism. When it is swung along a circular orbit under the constraint of the above, suction, compression, and discharge are performed by moving the compression chamber while changing the volume. During operation, pressure is applied to the back pressure chamber on the back of the orbiting scroll and it is in a state of sticking to the fixed scroll, maintaining the axial seal. In order to apply pressure to the back pressure chamber, a configuration is provided in which a passage connecting the back pressure chamber and the compression chamber is provided (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a compression mechanism portion of a conventional scroll compressor described in Patent Document 1. In FIG. 6, a communication passage 22 is provided on the end plate 13 a of the orbiting scroll 13 and communicates from the compression chamber side opening 22 c opening to the compression chamber 15 side to the back pressure chamber side opening 22 b opening to the back pressure chamber 29. As the orbiting scroll 13 rotates, the communication chamber 22 is connected and closed by opening and closing the compression chamber side opening 22c by the end plate 12a of the fixed scroll 12.

With this configuration, the flow resistance of the fluid flowing in and out between the back pressure chamber 29 and the compression chamber 15 is further reduced, and the back pressure chamber 29 on the back of the orbiting scroll 13 is maintained at a predetermined pressure, so that the compression efficiency and reliability are improved. It improves the performance.
JP 2007-270697 A

  However, in the conventional configuration, the oil supply to the back pressure chamber is not specified, and the pressure in the back pressure chamber may become excessive depending on the oil supply method. In other words, excessive pressure is applied to the back of the orbiting scroll, and an excessive pressing force is generated on the axial sliding surface (thrust surface) with the fixed scroll. This will cause deterioration of reliability such as abnormal wear. In addition, the oil supply to the compression chamber is supplied to one of the compression chambers through a communication passage connecting the compression chamber from the back pressure chamber, but depending on the method of oil supply to the back pressure chamber, a large amount of oil may be supplied to the compression chamber. It will flow in and the performance will deteriorate due to the viscous power of the oil that flows in. Furthermore, if only the communication passage from the back pressure chamber to the compression chamber is used, it is difficult for oil to be supplied to the other compression chamber, resulting in performance deterioration due to insufficient seal oil.

  Therefore, the present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and by applying intermittent communication between the high pressure region of the discharge pressure atmosphere and the back pressure chamber, and the back pressure chamber and the compression chamber, a stable back pressure can be applied. By supplying an appropriate amount of seal oil to one compression chamber, and by supplying an appropriate amount of seal oil to the other compression chamber by connecting the high pressure area and the other compression chamber. An object of the present invention is to provide a scroll compressor that realizes high efficiency and high reliability.

In order to solve the conventional problem, the scroll compressor of the present invention includes a first path for intermittently communicating the high pressure region and the back pressure chamber, and a second path for intermittently communicating the back pressure chamber and the compression chamber. And the route
A third path for providing communication between the compression chamber and the high-pressure region is provided.

  With this configuration, stable back pressure can be applied, and a high-efficiency and highly reliable scroll compressor can be realized by supplying an appropriate amount of seal oil to the compression chamber formed between the two. .

  The scroll compressor according to the present invention can apply a stable pressure in the back pressure chamber formed on the back surface of the orbiting scroll, and can supply an appropriate amount of seal oil to the compression chamber formed between the two, so that it is highly efficient and highly efficient. A reliable scroll compressor can be realized.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, in the scroll compressor, the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll where the spiral wrap rises from the end plate are meshed with each other, the first compression chamber and the fixed scroll on the outer wall of the fixed scroll and the inner wall of the orbiting scroll. A second compression chamber is formed on the inner wall of the wrap and the outer wall of the orbiting scroll, and a high pressure region and a back pressure chamber are formed on the back surface of the orbiting scroll, and the orbiting scroll follows the circular orbit by regulation by the rotation restraint mechanism. In a scroll compressor that performs a series of suction, compression, and discharge operations, the compression chamber moves toward the center while changing the volume by turning at a predetermined turning radius. A first path communicating with the second pressure path, a second path communicating intermittently between the back pressure chamber and the compression chamber, and a third path communicating between the high pressure region and the compression chamber. It is provided with a door.

  As a result, the high pressure region and the back pressure chamber and the back pressure chamber and the compression chamber are intermittently connected to each other, so that stable back pressure can be applied and an appropriate amount of seal oil is supplied to one compression chamber. Furthermore, a high-efficiency and highly reliable scroll compressor can be realized by supplying an appropriate amount of seal oil to the other compression chamber by connecting the high-pressure region and the compression chamber.

  The second invention is particularly the first invention, wherein the second path communicates with the first compression chamber, the third path communicates with the second compression chamber, or the second path communicates with the first compression chamber. The second compression chamber communicates with the second compression chamber and the third path communicates with the first compression chamber.

  As a result, oil can be supplied to each of the first compression chamber and the second compression chamber through separate paths, so that an optimal amount of oil can be supplied to each compression chamber, and high efficiency and high reliability can be achieved. A realistic scroll compressor can be realized.

  The third invention is the first to second inventions in particular, in which the third path is provided inside the orbiting scroll, and the opening on the compression chamber side of the third path is provided at the wrap tip of the orbiting scroll. is there.

  Since the opening on the compression chamber side of the third path is provided at the wrap tip of the orbiting scroll, it is easy to adjust the installation position of the opening and the shape of the opening, making it the optimal position for the compression chamber An optimal amount of oil can be supplied, and a highly efficient scroll compressor can be realized.

  The fourth aspect of the invention is the third aspect of the invention, particularly in the third aspect of the invention, communicated with the opening on the compression chamber side of the third path, and turned the recess so as to face the first compression chamber or the second compression chamber. It is provided at the tip.

  By adjusting the position of the recess provided at the tip of the lap of the orbiting scroll, the oil passing through the third path can be supplied to either the first compression chamber or the second compression chamber. it can. Moreover, by adjusting the shape and depth of the recess, the amount of oil supplied to the compression chamber can be easily adjusted, and a highly efficient scroll compressor can be realized.

  The fifth invention is particularly the first to third inventions, wherein the third path intermittently connects the high pressure region and the compression chamber. By intermittently communicating oil in the high pressure region to the compression chamber, an appropriate amount of oil can be easily supplied to the compression chamber, and a highly efficient scroll compressor can be realized.

  The sixth invention is the fifth invention, in particular, in which a recess is provided on the bottom surface of the wrap groove of the fixed scroll so that the opening on the compression chamber side of the third path is intermittently opened by the orbiting motion of the orbiting scroll. It is a thing. Thus, by adjusting the shape of the recess provided on the bottom surface of the wrap groove of the fixed scroll, the opening time of the opening on the compression chamber side of the third path facing the compression chamber can be easily controlled. Can be supplied to the compression chamber, and a highly efficient scroll compressor can be realized.

  The seventh invention is particularly the first, second or fifth invention, wherein the third path is provided inside the orbiting scroll, and the opening on the compression chamber side of the third path is provided on the bottom surface of the orbiting scroll. Is. Accordingly, since the wrap portion of the orbiting scroll is not processed, it is possible to simplify the processing and to suppress a decrease in rigidity of the wrap portion of the orbiting scroll.

  The eighth invention is particularly the first to seventh inventions, in which the opening on the high-pressure region side of the first path and the opening on the high-pressure region side of the third path are located at the same position. As a result, machining can be simplified, parts necessary for each route can be unified, and the number of parts can be reduced. Moreover, since the number of machining points is reduced, it is possible to suppress a decrease in rigidity of the orbiting scroll due to machining.

  The ninth invention is the first to eighth inventions in particular, and the working fluid is a high-pressure refrigerant, for example, carbon dioxide. When carbon dioxide refrigerant is used, the pressure difference between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure of the compressor is about 7 to 10 times higher than the pressure difference of the conventional refrigeration cycle using chlorofluorocarbon as the refrigerant. Therefore, a large amount of oil is likely to flow in because the differential pressure between the back pressure chamber from the high pressure region and the compression chamber from the high pressure region is large, but according to the first to eighth inventions, an appropriate amount of oil is supplied even when the differential pressure is large. Thus, a highly efficient and highly reliable scroll compressor can be realized.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a scroll compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a compression mechanism portion of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the compression mechanism portion. The operation and action of the scroll compressor configured as shown in the figure will be described below.

As shown in FIG. 1, the scroll compressor of the present invention includes a main bearing member 11 of a crankshaft 4 fixed by welding or shrink fitting in an airtight container 1, and a fixed bolted on the main bearing member 11. The scroll-type compression mechanism 2 is configured by sandwiching the orbiting scroll 13 that meshes with the fixed scroll 12 between the scroll 12 and the rotation of the orbiting scroll 13 between the orbiting scroll 13 and the main bearing member 11 is prevented. A rotation restricting mechanism 14 such as an Oldham ring that guides the orbital motion is provided, and the orbiting scroll 13 is eccentrically driven by the eccentric shaft portion 4a at the upper end of the crankshaft 4, thereby causing the orbiting scroll 13 to move in a circular orbit. Thereby, between the fixed scroll 12 and the orbiting scroll 13, the outer wall of the wrap 12 b of the fixed scroll 12 and the orbiting scroll 13. The second compression chamber 15b is formed on the inner wall of the first compression chamber 15a, the inner wall of the wrap 12b of the fixed scroll 12 and the outer wall of the wrap 13b of the orbiting scroll 13, and the first compression chamber 15a and the second compression chamber 15b. Refrigerant gas is sucked from the suction pipe 16 communicating with the outside of the hermetic container 1 and the suction port 17 on the outer periphery of the fixed scroll 12 by utilizing the fact that each of the compression chambers 15b becomes smaller while moving from the outer periphery to the center. The refrigerant gas that has been compressed to a predetermined pressure or more is repeatedly discharged from the discharge port 18 at the center of the fixed scroll 12 by opening the reed valve 19 into the sealed container 1.

  A sliding partition ring 78 disposed on the main bearing member 11 is provided on the back surface portion of the orbiting scroll 13, and a discharge pressure that is an inner region of the sliding partition ring 78 is formed by the sliding partition ring 78 while performing a turning motion. It is partitioned into a high pressure region 30 of the atmosphere and a back pressure chamber 29 set to an intermediate region of high pressure and low pressure, which is an outer region. By applying pressure on the back surface, the orbiting scroll 13 is stably pressed against the fixed scroll 12, reducing leakage and performing stable circular orbit movement.

  During operation of the compressor, a pump 25 is provided at the other downward end of the crankshaft 4 and is driven simultaneously with the scroll compressor. As a result, the pump 25 sucks up the oil 6 in the oil reservoir 20 provided at the bottom of the hermetic container 1 and supplies it to the compression mechanism 2 through the oil supply hole 26 extending vertically through the crankshaft 4. The supply pressure at this time is substantially equal to the discharge pressure of the scroll compressor, and also serves as a back pressure source for the orbiting scroll 13. As a result, the orbiting scroll 13 does not move away from the fixed scroll 12 and does not come into contact with each other, and the predetermined compression function is stably exhibited.

  A part of the oil 6 supplied in this way is obtained by a supply pressure or its own weight so as to obtain a clearance, between the fitting portion between the eccentric shaft portion 4a and the orbiting scroll 13, and between the crankshaft 4 and the main bearing member 11. Then, the oil enters the bearing portion 66, lubricates the respective portions, falls, and returns to the oil sump 20.

  Another part of the oil 6 supplied to the high pressure region 30 on the back surface of the end plate 13 a of the orbiting scroll 13 is intermittently supplied to the back pressure chamber 29 across the sliding partition ring 78 by the orbiting movement of the orbiting scroll 13. A first path 81 is provided on the orbiting scroll 13.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the orbiting scroll 13 repeats the states of (a) and (b) of FIG. At this time, on the back surface of the end plate 13 a of the orbiting scroll 13, the inner side of the annular partition ring 78 forms the high pressure region 30, and the outer peripheral portion forms the back pressure chamber 29. Therefore, the high pressure region 30 and the back pressure chamber 29 are communicated with each other only when the opening on the back pressure chamber side of the first path 81 is located on the outer peripheral portion of the annular partition ring 78, and the high pressure oil 6 enters the back pressure chamber 29. Supplied. In the figure, the oil 6 can be supplied in the state (a).

  With the above configuration, the high-pressure oil 6 is intermittently supplied to the back pressure chamber 29, and an appropriate amount of oil can be supplied to the back pressure chamber 29 by adjusting the communication time. Along with lubricating the sliding portion, the back pressure of the orbiting scroll 13 is applied in the back pressure chamber 29.

  Further, the second path 82 is provided in the orbiting scroll 13 so that the back pressure chamber 29 and the compression chamber 15 communicate with each other, and the opening of the second path 82 on the compression chamber 15 side by the orbiting motion of the orbiting scroll 13. A recess 84 is provided on the bottom surface 12c of the wrap groove of the fixed scroll 12 so that 82b opens intermittently.

In the state of FIG. 2A, the opening 82b on the compression chamber 15 side of the second path 82 opens into the recess 84 provided in the bottom surface 12c of the wrap groove of the fixed scroll 12, and the recess 84 is formed in the compression chamber 15b. Therefore, the back pressure chamber 29 and the compression chamber 15b communicate with each other, and the oil in the back pressure chamber 29 is supplied to the compression chamber 15b, contributing to prevention of leakage between the compression chambers 15 and lubrication of the sliding portion. Yes. On the other hand, FIG.
In the state of (b), the back pressure chamber 29 is not open to the compression chamber 15b.

  With the above configuration, the back pressure chamber 29 and the compression chamber 15b can be intermittently communicated in a short time, so that the pressure of the back pressure chamber 29 can be easily maintained at a predetermined pressure with little fluctuation. Further, since the back pressure chamber 29 is opened only in one compression chamber 15b of the compression chamber 15 formed on both sides, the pressure in the back pressure chamber 29 is always higher than the pressure in the compression chamber 15, so that the compression is performed. Since back flow from the chamber 15 to the back pressure chamber 29 can be prevented, high efficiency can be realized.

  Furthermore, a third path 83 is provided in the orbiting scroll 13 so that the other compression chamber 15a, which is different from the compression chamber 15b in communication with the high pressure region 30 and the second path 82, communicates, and the third path A recess 85 is provided in the wrap tip 13d of the orbiting scroll 13 so that the opening 83b on the compression chamber 15 side of 83 and the compression chamber 15a communicate with each other.

  As a result, an appropriate amount of seal oil is supplied to one compression chamber 15b by the second path 82, and the high pressure region 30 and the other compression chamber 15a are connected to each other so that an appropriate amount of seal oil is compressed to the other compression chamber 15b. By supplying also to the chamber 15a, a highly efficient and highly reliable scroll compressor can be realized. Further, it is possible to supply an optimum amount of oil by adjusting the installation position and shape of the recess 85 or the depth of the recess 85.

  In the above description, the second path 82 is in communication with the compression chamber 15b and the third path 83 is in communication with the compression chamber 15a. However, the second path 82 is in the compression chamber 15a, and the third path 83 is in the compression chamber. It goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained even if the communication is made to 15b.

(Embodiment 2)
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the compression mechanism portion of the scroll compressor according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, a third path 83 is provided in the orbiting scroll 13 so that the other compression chamber 15 a different from the compression chamber 15 b communicated with the high pressure region 30 and the second path 82 communicates. A recess 86 is provided in the bottom surface 12c of the wrap groove of the fixed scroll 12 so that the opening 83b on the compression chamber 15 side of the third path 83 and the compression chamber 15a communicate intermittently.

  In the state of FIG. 4A, the opening 83b on the compression chamber 15 side of the third path 83 opens into a recess 86 provided on the bottom surface 12c of the wrap groove of the fixed scroll 12, and the recess 86 is formed in the compression chamber 15a. Therefore, the high pressure region 30 and the compression chamber 15a communicate with each other, and oil in the high pressure region is supplied to the compression chamber 15a, contributing to leakage prevention between the compression chambers 15 and lubrication of the sliding portion. On the other hand, in the state of FIG. 4B, the high-pressure region 30 is not open to the compression chamber 15a.

  With this configuration, an appropriate amount of seal oil is supplied to one compression chamber 15b through the second path 82, and seal oil is also supplied to the high pressure region 30 and the other compression chamber 15a through the third path 83. By adjusting the shape, position, and depth of the recess 86 provided on the bottom surface 12c of the wrap groove of the fixed scroll 12, the opening time when the opening 83b on the compression chamber 15 side of the third path 83 faces the compression chamber 15a, Since the flow resistance can be controlled, an appropriate amount of oil can be easily controlled and supplied to the compression chamber 15a, and a highly efficient scroll compressor can be realized.

(Embodiment 3)
A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of the compression mechanism portion of the scroll compressor according to the third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the opening on the compression chamber 15 side of the third path 83 is communicated with the other compression chamber 15a different from the compression chamber 15b with which the high pressure region 30 and the second path 82 communicate. Rotating scroll 12 through part 83b
Is provided on the bottom surface portion 12c of the wrap.

  In the state of FIG. 5A, since the opening 83b on the compression chamber 15 side of the third path 83 communicates with the compression chamber 15a, the high pressure region 30 and the compression chamber 15a communicate with each other, and the oil in the high pressure region It is supplied to the compression chamber 15a and contributes to prevention of leakage between the compression chambers 15 and lubrication of the sliding portion. On the other hand, in the state of FIG. 5B, the opening 83b on the compression chamber 15 side of the third path 83 is blocked by the wrap tip 12d of the fixed scroll 12 or the end plate 12a, and the high pressure region 30 is in the compression chamber 15a. It is in a state that does not open.

  With this configuration, an appropriate amount of seal oil is supplied to one compression chamber 15b through the second path 82, and seal oil is intermittently supplied to the high pressure region 30 and the other compression chamber 15a through the third path 83. Therefore, a highly efficient scroll compressor can be realized.

  In addition, since the wrap portion 13b of the orbiting scroll 13 is not processed, the processing can be simplified and a decrease in rigidity of the lap portion 13b of the orbiting scroll 13 can be suppressed.

  Further, the opening 81 a on the high pressure region 30 side of the first path 81 and the opening 83 a on the high pressure region 30 side of the third path 83 are set at the same position. As a result, machining can be simplified, parts necessary for each route can be unified, and the number of parts can be reduced. Moreover, since the number of machining points is reduced, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the rigidity of the orbiting scroll 13 due to machining.

  Finally, when the working fluid is a high-pressure refrigerant, such as carbon dioxide, the differential pressure between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure is large, so the differential pressure between the high-pressure region and the back-pressure chamber and from the high-pressure region to the compression chamber is also large. Oil easily flows in, and depending on the pressure in the back pressure chamber 29, an excessive pressing load is generated on the orbiting scroll 13 on the fixed scroll 12. Therefore, the effect of the embodiment of the present invention appears remarkably, and high efficiency, A scroll compressor that achieves high reliability can be provided.

  As described above, the scroll compressor according to the present invention can realize high efficiency and high reliability under all operating conditions, and the air scroll compressor, the vacuum pump, The present invention can also be applied to a scroll fluid machine such as a scroll type expander.

Sectional drawing of the scroll compressor in Embodiment 1 of this invention Sectional drawing of the compression mechanism part of the scroll compressor in Embodiment 1 of this invention The top view of the compression mechanism part of the scroll compressor in Embodiment 1 of this invention Sectional drawing of the compression mechanism part of the scroll compressor in Embodiment 2 of this invention Sectional drawing of the compression mechanism part of the scroll compressor in Embodiment 3 of this invention Sectional view of the compression mechanism of a conventional scroll compressor

Explanation of symbols

6 oil 11 main bearing member 12 fixed scroll 12a end plate 12b wrap 12c lap groove bottom surface 12d lap tip 13 turning scroll 13a end plate 13b wrap 13c lap bottom surface 14 rotation restricting mechanism 15, 15a, 15b compression chamber 29 back pressure chamber 30 high pressure region 81 First path 81a High pressure region side opening 81b Back pressure chamber side opening 82 Second route 82a Back pressure chamber side opening 82b Compression chamber side opening 83 Third route 83a High pressure region side opening 83b Compression chamber side Opening 84 Recess 85 Recess 86 Recess

Claims (9)

The fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll in which the spiral wrap rises from the end plate are meshed, the first compression chamber is formed on the outer wall of the fixed scroll and the inner wall of the orbiting scroll, the inner wall of the fixed scroll, and the orbiting scroll. A second compression chamber is formed on the outer wall of the wrap, and a high pressure region and a back pressure chamber of the discharge pressure atmosphere are formed on the back of the orbiting scroll, and the orbiting scroll has a predetermined orbiting radius along a circular orbit by regulation by a rotation restraint mechanism. In the scroll compressor that performs a series of operations of suction, compression, and discharge, and intermittently communicates the high pressure region and the back pressure chamber. A first path for allowing the back pressure chamber and the compression chamber to communicate with each other intermittently, and a communication between the high pressure region and the compression chamber. Scroll compressor, characterized in that a third path that. The second path is communicated with the first compression chamber, the third path is communicated with the second compression chamber, or the second path is communicated with the second compression chamber. 3. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein three paths communicate with the first compression chamber. 3. The scroll compression according to claim 1, wherein a third path is provided in the inside of the orbiting scroll, and an opening on the compression chamber side of the third path is provided at a lap front end portion of the orbiting scroll. Machine. The recessed part is provided in the lap | tip front-end | tip part of the said turning scroll so that it may communicate with the opening part by the side of the compression chamber of a 3rd path | route, and faces a 1st compression chamber or a 2nd compression chamber. The scroll compressor according to 3. The scroll compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the third path intermittently communicates the high pressure region and the compression chamber. 6. The scroll according to claim 5, wherein a recessed portion is provided on the bottom surface of the wrap groove of the fixed scroll so that the opening on the compression chamber side of the third path is intermittently opened by the turning motion of the turning scroll. Compressor. The third path is provided inside the orbiting scroll, and the opening on the compression chamber side of the third path is provided on the bottom surface of the wrap of the orbiting scroll. Scroll compressor. The scroll compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the opening on the high-pressure region side of the first path and the opening on the high-pressure region side of the third path are located at the same position. The scroll compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the working fluid is a high-pressure refrigerant, for example, carbon dioxide.