JP5126738B2 - Method and apparatus for controlling radioactive liquid dispensing / dosing device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for controlling a device for dispensing / administering a radioactive liquid, and in particular, a handler suitable for use in administering a radiopharmaceutical labeled with a radionuclide with a short half-life to a subject. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for controlling a dispensing / dosing device for a radioactive liquid that can reduce the exposure dose of the radioactive liquid and can be easily administered repeatedly.

  When administering a radiopharmaceutical labeled with a strong radionuclide with a short half-life to a subject in a hospital laboratory, etc., the radiation exposure of the handler is prevented and the prescribed dose is accurately and at a constant rate. Requires a mechanism for administration, and requires an automated / remote device. Therefore, MR contrast agent injection devices, radiopharmaceutical automatic injection devices, and the like have been put into practical use as devices for automatically administering radiopharmaceuticals to subjects.

  These infusion devices basically have a syringe filled with a certain amount of medicinal solution, a tube up to the subject, the tube filled with distilled water for injection or physiological saline, and the final medicinal solution. It consists of a syringe for push-in injection, an automatic or manual valve for switching the liquid flow, an operating mechanism for dispensing at a constant speed, a controller, and the like.

Using such an injection device, nuclides with a short half-life (for example, as positron emitting nuclides, ¹⁵ O is 2 minutes, ¹³ N is 10 minutes, ¹¹ C is 20 minutes, ¹⁸ F has a half-life of 110 minutes. ) -Labeled radiopharmaceuticals (for example, ¹⁸ F-FDG (fluorodeoxyglucose), ¹³ N-ammonia, ¹¹ C-methionine, etc.) are conventionally administered to a subject from a large amount of radiopharmaceutical. Measure the amount of radioactivity before administration in a state in which a solution prepared in a predetermined amount of radioactivity and volume is sucked into the syringe, and measure the amount of radioactivity remaining in the syringe again after administration to the patient manually or automatically, The amount of radioactivity administered to the subject was measured by determining the amount of radioactivity at the administration time (reference time) by correcting for radioactivity attenuation.

  At this time, the dispensing work is preferably automated and remote work from the viewpoint of preventing radiation exposure of the operator. Many devices that automatically dispense liquids are commercially available, but have sterility problems. In addition, the amount of attenuation due to radioactivity must be calculated, and the operation becomes complicated.

  The automatic dispensing device for drugs labeled with short half-life nuclides consists of sterilization tools, and by reading the amount of radioactivity directly, a certain amount of radioactivity is dispensed into a syringe, which is used for dilution quantification. It can be administered in combination with physiological saline. Therefore, conventionally, a method has been adopted in which the dispensed syringe is attached to an administration device that does not have a dispensing mechanism as proposed by the applicant in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-350783. This is because the radiopharmaceutical may be wasted due to dead volume on the path.

  However, according to this method, the syringe taken for each patient must be stored and transported in a lead container and administered to the patient, or attached to the device, which increases the exposure of the operator. It was.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, freeing the handler from the dispensing operation, reducing the radiation exposure, integrating the dispensing mechanism and the administration mechanism, and repeating the administration. It is an object to make it easy and accurate.

The present invention relates to a method for controlling a dispensing / administration device for a radioactive liquid in which a dispensing device for dispensing the radioactive liquid from a container containing the radioactive liquid and an administration device for administration are integrated. From the container , the required amount of the radioactive liquid according to the set dose radioactivity is extracted by the dispensing device and dispensed, and the total amount of the radioactive liquid immediately after dispensing dispensed by the dispensing device is temporarily stored. And measuring the radioactivity amount of the radioactive liquid contained in the liquid holding unit, and then sending out the total amount of the radioactive liquid through a tube connected to the liquid holding unit. This problem is solved by detecting the passage of the radioactive liquid on the way and administering it (except for administration to humans).

Here, pull a certain amount of the radioactive liquid in the chemical liquid syringe from the container, by pushing the radioactive liquid was drawn by the chemical liquid syringe, filled from the container to a predetermined path in the radioactive liquid, then in saline syringe, from its outlet in the path to the waste bottle inlet fulfills saline, by discharging the radioactive liquid in the predetermined path to the waste bottles, to displace air from the path Can do.

The present invention is also the dispensing and delivery system for radioactive liquids integrating the administration device for administering the radioactive liquid from a container radioactive liquid is accommodated a dispensing dispensing device, the container just prior to administration A dispensing device for extracting and dispensing the required amount of the radioactive liquid according to the set administration radioactivity amount, and the total amount of the radioactive liquid immediately after dispensing delivered from the dispensing device. Liquid holding part that can be accommodated in a liquid, radioactivity amount measuring means for measuring the radioactivity amount of the radioactive liquid contained in the liquid holding part, and administration means for administering the total amount of the radioactive liquid after the radioactivity measurement And a first tube that connects the dispensing device and the liquid holding unit, a radiation passage sensor that connects the liquid holding unit and the administration unit and detects the passage of the radioactive liquid is provided. Second Chu When, by providing, at same that solves the above problems.

Here, the container, the dispensing device by providing a radiation shielding partition wall for accommodating the liquid holding unit and the radioactivity measuring means, it is possible to further reduce the radiation exposure.

Furthermore, the container, the dispensing device, the radioactivity measuring means, by each radiation shielding, it is possible to further reduce the radiation exposure.

  Furthermore, the radiation exposure dose can be further reduced by accommodating the waste liquid bottle in the radiation shielding partition.

  According to the present invention, the operator can be released from the dispensing operation, and the exposure dose can be reduced. Further, the dose can be accurately measured, and repeated administration can be performed easily and accurately. Further, the amount of radiopharmaceutical that is wasted during dispensing can be minimized.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the physiological saline for dilution from a raw food bag 10 containing physiological saline (or distilled water for injection) as proposed by the applicant in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-350783. And the like via an extension tube (hereinafter simply referred to as a tube) 24, which is sterilized and provided with an injection needle 22 at the tip, and a valve with a three-way stopcock (hereinafter simply referred to as a three-way stopcock) 26. A disposable edible disposable syringe (hereinafter simply referred to as a syringe) 28 for injecting physiological saline or the like in the tube 24 into the tube 32, for example, equipped with a syringe drive device 30 using a pulse motor, and a tube 32 A three-way cock 34 that is connected to the three-way cock 26 for injecting a radiopharmaceutical solution into the tube 36, and a path for the tube 36. A radioactivity meter 40 for measuring the radioactivity of the radiopharmaceutical contained in the coiled buffer loop 36A, for example, which can temporarily accommodate the total amount of radiopharmaceutical immediately before injection formed in The three-way stopcock 44 for switching whether the radiopharmaceutical solution whose radioactivity is measured by the capacity measuring instrument 40 is injected into the patient or discarded, and the medicine branched by the three-way stopcock 44 can be exchanged for each patient. A tube 46 provided with a pinch valve 48 in the middle for injecting into the patient's body through the final filter 50 and the winged needle 52 and the waste liquid supplied by the tube 60 are accommodated by the three-way stopcock 44. In the dispensing / dosing device 20 provided with the waste liquid bottle 62 and the controller (not shown), for example, 50 mCi / 20 ml A tube 76 with a catalan needle 74 provided at the tip for dispensing the radioactive drug solution from a vial 70 containing a large amount of radiochemical solution 72 of about 200 mCi / 30 ml, and the radioactive drug solution supplied by the tube 76 In order to inject the required amount into the three-way stopcock 34 through the three-way stopcock 78 and the tube 80, a drug solution syringe 82 driven by a syringe drive device 84 and a tube 76 extending from the catalan needle 74 to the three-way stopcock 78 Injecting capacity of a chemical solution for air venting disposed in the middle of a tube 36 extending from the three-way cock 34 to the buffer loop 36A, and a radioactive concentration sensor 90 for dispensing and detecting the presence or absence of the chemical solution disposed in the middle In the middle of the tube 46 from the three-way stopcock 44 to the pinch valve 48 And a radiation passage sensor 94 for detecting discharge of the chemical solution.

  In the figure, 21 is a radiation shielding partition wall of the entire apparatus, 41 is a radiation shielding for shielding a portion of the radioactivity meter 40 from the outside, 71 is a radiation shielding container into which the vial bottle 70 is inserted, and 83 is a chemical solution. Radiation shielding for shielding the syringe 82, which is made of, for example, lead or tungsten.

  In order to attach the dispensing mechanism to the administration device, it is necessary to monitor the radioactivity amount and volume of the dispensed radiopharmaceutical solution every time. It is possible to monitor the amount of radioactivity by using a well-type ionization chamber type radioactivity detector, but the detector is large and not suitable for mounting on the apparatus. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the radioactivity concentration sensor 90 measures the radioactivity of a part of the radiopharmaceutical solution 72 filled in the tube 76 to detect the radioactivity concentration. As a result, the detector can be miniaturized and can be mounted on the apparatus. When measuring the total amount of radioactivity, the measurement error was likely to occur due to the position error and the radioactive liquid remaining in the tube, and the dispensing accuracy was affected. By measuring the concentration, an error factor can be eliminated, and the capacity for the desired amount of radioactivity can be calculated from the measured radioactivity concentration, and can be accurately dispensed.

  The dispensed desired amount of the radiopharmaceutical solution can be administered at a constant rate (desired rate) after the entire amount is fed into the radioactivity meter 40 and the accurate radioactivity is measured. In the case of repeated administration, in the conventional apparatus, as described above, it was necessary to subdivide the radioactivity each time, and the risk of exposure was high. However, in the present invention, it is automatically repeated with little exposure. It can be dispensed and administered.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the embodiment will be described.

  (1) First, a disposable part (syringe, three-way stopcock, tube, needle, filter) that is a component that is exchanged about once a day is set in the apparatus 20.

  (2) The vial bottle 70 containing the radioactive drug solution 72 is set in the apparatus while being stored in a dedicated radiation shielding container 71 attached to the apparatus 20.

(3) A certain amount of the radioactive drug solution 72 contained in the vial bottle 70 is drawn by the drug solution syringe 82 through the tube 76 and the three-way cock 78. Next, through the three-way stopcock 78, the tube 80, and the three-way stopcock 34, the radioactive liquid medicine 72 is pushed in by the chemical liquid syringe 82 until the radiation passage sensor 92 senses the radioactivity. Fill the route with radioactive chemicals and expel air from the route at the same time. This expulsion of air from the route is preferred for accurate measurement of radioactivity concentration and accurate volume dispensing, and is especially essential when administered to the human body. Here, the radiation passage sensor 92 detects the passage of the radioactive chemical liquid 72, and is used for extracting air from the path, thereby minimizing the amount of the radioactive chemical liquid that is wasted.

  (4) Next, the saline solution 28 is used to fill the path from the three-way stopcock 26 to the tube 60 with physiological saline, and at the same time, the radiopharmaceutical solution used in (3) is discharged to the waste liquid bottle 62. . Furthermore, the line from the three-way stopcock 44 to the winged needle 52 is also filled with physiological saline. These things fill the entire path with liquid and extrude air.

  (5) When various setting conditions (administration radioactivity amount, volume, administration speed) are input by a controller (not shown) in the apparatus, the radioactivity concentration constantly read by the radioactivity concentration sensor 90 and the set administration radiation The required volume is calculated from the capacity, the drive of the syringes 28 and 82 and the three-way stopcock are switched, and the calculated radiopharmaceutical solution is filled in the loop 36A.

  (6) The radioactivity amount of the radiopharmaceutical filled in the loop 36A is accurately measured by the radioactivity meter 40.

  (7) The set volume is extruded and injected at the set speed by the operation of the controller in the apparatus.

  (8) The amount of radioactivity of the injected radiopharmaceutical and other information is printed out by a printer (not shown) at the same time as administration.

  (9) The above dispensing, measuring, and administration operations are repeatedly performed.

  In this way, automatic dispensing with a minimum amount of wasted radiopharmaceutical is possible, and the operator can perform the dispensing operation of the radiopharmaceutical that causes exposure, the filling operation into the syringe, the syringe before and after, It is expected to have a tremendous effect in reducing the exposure dose by being freed from radiation measurement and administration work. In addition, repeated administration is possible without exposure.

  In the present embodiment, the radiation emitted from the radioactive drug solution in the fixed-shaped buffer loop 36A formed in the middle of the tube 36 is measured by the radioactivity meter 40 inserted inside the loop 36A. Therefore, downsizing is possible. The configuration of the radioactivity meter is not limited to this, and a well-type ionization chamber radioactivity meter similar to the conventional one can also be used. Further, the mechanism for pushing the chemical solution or physiological saline is not limited to the syringe.

  This device is basically driven by an AC power supply, but when used in a plurality of PET scanners, etc., by loading a backup battery, while maintaining the state of the driving pulse motor, etc. You can easily move from room to room by unplugging the outlet.

  In addition, it is obvious that the present invention can be applied to radiochemicals that are not short-lived, since there is no need for exposure prevention so much, but accurate measurement is not difficult.

Pipeline diagram showing system of embodiment of the present invention

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Raw food back | bag 20 ... Dispensing and administration apparatus 21 ... Radiation shielding partition 22 ... Injection needle 24, 32, 36, 46, 60, 76, 80 ... Tube 26, 34, 44, 78 ... Valve with three-way stopcock 28 ... Syringe for raw food 30, 84 ... Syringe drive device 36A ... Buffer loop 40 ... Radioactivity meter 41 ... Radiation shielding 52 ... Needle with wings 62 ... Waste bottle 70 ... Vial bottle 71 ... Radiation shielding container 72 ... Radioactive drug solution 74 ... Cattelan Needle 82 ... Syringe for chemical solution 90 ... Radioactivity concentration sensor 92, 94 ... Radiation passage sensor

Claims (6)

In a method for controlling a dispensing / administration device of a radioactive liquid in which a dispensing device for dispensing the radioactive liquid from a container containing the radioactive liquid and an administration device for administration are integrated ,
The required amount of the radioactive liquid corresponding to the set dose radioactivity is extracted from the container immediately before administration by a dispensing device and dispensed.
The whole amount of the radioactive liquid immediately after the dispensing sent out by the dispensing device is temporarily stored in the liquid holding unit,
After measuring the amount of radioactivity of the radioactive liquid contained in the liquid holding unit,
The total amount of the radioactive liquid is sent out through a tube connected to the liquid holding part, and administered after detecting the passage of the radioactive liquid in the middle of the tube (except for administration to humans).
A method for controlling a dispensing / dispensing device for a radioactive liquid. In claim 1,
A certain amount of the radioactive liquid is drawn from the container into a syringe for chemical liquid,
By filling the drawn-in radioactive liquid with the chemical liquid syringe, the radioactive liquid is filled from the container to a predetermined path,
Next, the radioactive liquid is characterized in that the saline from the outlet to the waste bottle inlet is filled with physiological saline, and the radioactive liquid in the predetermined path is discharged to the waste liquid bottle with a edible syringe. Method for dispensing and dispensing devices. In a dispensing / administration device for a radioactive liquid in which a dispensing device for dispensing the radioactive liquid from a container containing the radioactive liquid and an administration device for administration are integrated ,
A dispensing device for extracting and dispensing the necessary amount of the radioactive liquid according to the set dose radioactivity from the container immediately before administration;
A liquid holding unit capable of temporarily storing the entire amount of the radioactive liquid immediately after dispensing, which is sent out from the dispensing device;
A radioactivity measuring means for measuring the radioactivity of the radioactive liquid contained in the liquid holding unit;
An administration means for administering the total amount of the radioactive liquid after radioactivity measurement;
A first tube connecting the dispensing device and the liquid holding unit;
A second tube provided with a radiation passage sensor for connecting the liquid holding part and the administration means and detecting the passage of the radioactive liquid;
A dispensing and administration device for a radioactive liquid, comprising:   4. The radioactive liquid dispensing / dosing device according to claim 3, further comprising a radiation shielding partition that accommodates the container, the dispensing device, the liquid holding unit, and the radioactivity measuring means.   5. The radioactive liquid dispensing / dosing device according to claim 4, wherein the container, the dispensing device, and the radioactivity measuring means are each shielded against radiation. 5. The radioactive liquid dispensing / dosing device according to claim 4, further comprising a waste liquid bottle accommodated in the radiation shielding partition.

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