JP5102223B2 - 高品質潤滑油又は燃料ブレンドストックを作るためのオリゴマーのアルキル化 - Google Patents
高品質潤滑油又は燃料ブレンドストックを作るためのオリゴマーのアルキル化 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5102223B2 JP5102223B2 JP2008547287A JP2008547287A JP5102223B2 JP 5102223 B2 JP5102223 B2 JP 5102223B2 JP 2008547287 A JP2008547287 A JP 2008547287A JP 2008547287 A JP2008547287 A JP 2008547287A JP 5102223 B2 JP5102223 B2 JP 5102223B2
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- Prior art keywords
- ionic liquid
- oligomerization
- olefin
- alkylation
- olefins
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 50
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 title claims description 47
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007848 Bronsted acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OFHCOWSQAMBJIW-AVJTYSNKSA-N alfacalcidol Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)C[C@H](O)C1=C OFHCOWSQAMBJIW-AVJTYSNKSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 58
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 36
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 26
- 235000013847 iso-butane Nutrition 0.000 description 24
- REACWASHYHDPSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butylpyridin-1-ium Chemical group CCCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 REACWASHYHDPSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- -1 acyclic quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 10
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- POKOASTYJWUQJG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-butylpyridin-1-ium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 POKOASTYJWUQJG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 239000012230 colorless oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- HJHUXWBTVVFLQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl(methyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](C)(CCCC)CCCC HJHUXWBTVVFLQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GXDHCNNESPLIKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylhexane Natural products CCCCC(C)C GXDHCNNESPLIKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Imidazolium Chemical compound C1=C[NH+]=CN1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960003280 cupric chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004400 (C1-C12) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003837 (C1-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VFWCMGCRMGJXDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chlorobutane Chemical compound CCCCCl VFWCMGCRMGJXDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methanesulfonate Chemical compound CS([O-])(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002152 alkylating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005493 condensed matter Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010771 distillate fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- UPWPDUACHOATKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K gallium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ga](Cl)Cl UPWPDUACHOATKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011829 room temperature ionic liquid solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium Chemical compound [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M127/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a non- macromolecular hydrocarbon
- C10M127/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a non- macromolecular hydrocarbon well-defined aliphatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
- C07C2/54—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition of unsaturated hydrocarbons to saturated hydrocarbons or to hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring with no unsaturation outside the aromatic ring
- C07C2/56—Addition to acyclic hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
- C07C2/54—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition of unsaturated hydrocarbons to saturated hydrocarbons or to hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring with no unsaturation outside the aromatic ring
- C07C2/56—Addition to acyclic hydrocarbons
- C07C2/58—Catalytic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G50/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from lower carbon number hydrocarbons, e.g. by oligomerisation
- C10G50/02—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from lower carbon number hydrocarbons, e.g. by oligomerisation of hydrocarbon oils for lubricating purposes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/02—Well-defined hydrocarbons
- C10M105/04—Well-defined hydrocarbons aliphatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M109/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M109/02—Reaction products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M177/00—Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1081—Alkanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1088—Olefins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/10—Lubricating oil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
- C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/011—Cloud point
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
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Description
1つ又はそれ以上のオレフィンを含む供給原料流を、オリゴマー化条件で、イオン液体オリゴマー化帯域に通す工程、
オリゴマー化オレフィン中間体を前記イオン液体オリゴマー化帯域から回収する工程、
前記オリゴマー化オレフィン中間体及びイソパラフィンを、アルキル化条件で、酸性クロロアルミネートイオン液体を含むイオン液体アルキル化帯域へ通す工程、並びに
アルキル化オリゴマー生成物を含む前記イオン液体アルキル化帯域からの流出液を回収する工程
を含む、燃料又は潤滑油成分の製造方法を提供する。
イオン液体は、全体にイオンで作られている化合物のカテゴリーであり、一般的に、プロセス温度以下で液体である。多くの場合、全体にイオンを含む塩は高融点、例えば、450℃より上の融点を持つ固体である。これらの固体は、普通、これらの融点より上に加熱した場合に「溶融塩」として知られている。塩化ナトリウムは、例えば、800℃の融点を持つ普通の「溶融塩」である。イオン液体は、これらが低融点、例えば、−100℃〜200℃の融点を有する点で「溶融塩」とは異なる。イオン液体は、幾つかは300℃以上までの液体範囲を有するが、極めて広い温度範囲にわたって液体である傾向がある。イオン液体は一般的に非揮発性で、事実上蒸気圧を持たない。多くは空気及び水安定性であり、広範囲の無機、有機、及びポリマー物質のための良好な溶剤であることができる。
本発明方法において重要な供給原料の1つは、反応性オレフィン系炭化水素を含む。反応性オレフィン基は、オリゴマー化反応並びにアルキル化反応のための反応性部位を与える。オレフィン系炭化水素は、完全に純粋なオレフィン系炭化水素カットであることができ又は異なる鎖長、したがって、広い沸点範囲を有する炭化水素の混合物であることができる。オレフィン系炭化水素は末端オレフィン(αオレフィン)であることができ又は内部オレフィン(内部二重結合)であることができる。オレフィン系炭化水素鎖は、直鎖若しくは分枝又は両者の混合物であることができる。本発明で使用可能な供給原料は、直鎖パラフィン等の非反応性希釈剤を含むことができる。
水素化処理/水素化仕上げに対する減少した資本コスト、
減少した水素及び広い水素化要件による低い運転コスト、
オリゴマー化及びアルキル化工程に対する同じイオン液体触媒の可能な使用、
生成物の改良された分枝特性、
生成物の増加した全体の分子量、
高価な留出油燃料又は潤滑油成分の液体収率を増加させるための低コスト供給原料(イソパラフィン)の導入、
独特の高価な性質を有する蒸留物燃料成分、基油又は潤滑油成分の製造、
が挙げられる。
未使用の1−ブチル−ピリジニウムクロロアルミネートイオン液体の調製
1−ブチル−ピリジニウムクロロアルミネートは、純1−ブチル−ピリジニウムクロライド(固体)と純固体三塩化アルミニウムとを不活性雰囲気下で混合して調製される室温イオン液体である。1−ブチル−ピリジニウムクロライド及び相当する1−ブチル−ピリジニウムクロロアルミネートの合成は以下で説明される。2−Lのテフロン(登録商標)内張りオートクレーブ中で、400gm(5.05モル)の無水ピリジン(Aldrichから購入した純度99.9%)を、650gm(7モル)の1−クロロブタン(Aldrichから購入した純度99.5%)と混合した。この純混合物を密封して、125℃で、自律圧力下で一晩中撹拌した。オートクレーブを冷却し、それを脱気した後、反応混合物を希釈し、クロロホルムに溶解し、3リットル丸底フラスコへ移した。反応混合物を、減圧下で回転蒸発器(温水浴で)で濃縮して、過剰の塩化物、未反応ピリジン及びクロロホルム溶剤を除去し、黄褐色固体生成物を得た。生成物の精製は、得られた固体を温アセトンに溶解し、冷却及びジエチルエーテルの添加により純粋生成物を沈殿させることにより行った。真空下での濾過及び洗浄並びに回転蒸発器での加熱で、白っぽい艶のある固体として、750gm(収率88%)の所望の生成物を得た。1H−NMR及び13C−NMRは、所望の1−ブチル−ピリジニウムクロライドの典型であり、不純物の存在は、NMR分析では観察されなかった。
1−デセンオリゴマーのアルキル化
1−デセンのオリゴマー化及びオリゴマーのアルキル化は、以下に説明する手順により行った。頭上撹拌機を備えた300ccのオートクレーブ中で、100gmの1−デセンを、20gmの1−メチル−トリブチルアンモニウムクロロアルミネートと混合した。少量のHCl(0.35gm)を促進剤として混合物に導入し、反応混合物を、1時間勢いよく撹拌しながら50℃に加熱した。次いで、撹拌を停止し、反応を室温まで冷却し、静置した。有機相(イオン液体に不溶)をデカントし、0.1N KOHで洗浄した。有機相を分離し、無水MgSO4で乾燥した。無色油物質をSIMDISTで分析した。オリゴマー生成物は、7.9の臭素価を有する。以下の表1は、オリゴマー化生成物のSIMDIST分析を示す。
イソブタンの存在下におけるイオン液体での1−デセンのオリゴマー化
1−デセンのオリゴマー化を、10モル%のイソブタンの存在下で、酸性1−ブチルピリジニウムクロロアルミネート中で行った。反応は、促進剤としてHClの存在下で行った。以下の手順は、一般的に、この方法を説明する。頭上撹拌機を備えた300ccのオートクレーブ中の42gmの1−ブチル−ピリジニウムクロロアルミネートへ、101gmの1−デセン及び4.6gmのイソブタンを添加し、オートクレーブを密封した。次いで、0.4gmのHClを導入し、撹拌を開始した。反応を50℃に加熱した。反応は発熱的で、温度は瞬時に88℃まで跳ね上がった。温度は2〜3分で44℃まで戻り、50℃まで持って行き、反応を、自律圧力で(この場合は、約大気圧)、1時間、約1200rpmで勢いよく撹拌した。次いで、撹拌を停止し、反応を室温まで冷却した。内容物を静置し、有機相(イオン液体と非相溶性)をデカントし、0.1N KOH水溶液で洗浄した。無色油を擬似蒸留及び臭素分析で分析した。臭素価は2.6であった。臭素価は、イソブタンの不存在下での1−デセンのオリゴマー化に対して通常観察されるものよりも更に少ない。iC4の不存在下での1−デセンのオリゴマー化に対する臭素価は、オリゴマー化反応で使用された触媒、接触時間及び触媒量を基準にして7.5〜7.9の範囲である。
イソブタンの存在下でαオレフィンの混合物のオリゴマー化
1:1:1の1−ヘキセン:1−オクテン:1−デセンの混合物を、イソブタンの存在下で、イソブタンの存在下での1−デセンのオリゴマー化に対して初めに説明した反応条件(100gmのオレフィン、20gmのIL触媒、助触媒としての0.25gmのHCl、50℃、自律圧力、1時間)でオリゴマー化した。生成物をIL触媒から分離し、IL層をヘキサンで洗浄し、これをデカントして生成物に添加した。生成物及びヘキサン洗浄液を0.1N NaOHで処理して任意の残留AlCl3を除去した。有機相を集め、無水MgSO4で乾燥した。濃縮(回転蒸発器で、減圧下で、約70℃の水浴で)して、粘稠な黄色油としてのオリゴマー生成物を得た。以下の表3は、イソブタンの存在下でのオレフィン混合物のアルキル化オリゴマー生成物の、擬似蒸留、粘度、及び流動点、並びに曇点データを示す。
濃度を変えたイソ−ブタンの存在下でイオン液体での1−デセンのオリゴマー化
1−デセンのオリゴマー化を、モル%を変えたイソブタンの存在下で、酸性1−ブチル−ピリジニウムクロロアルミネート中で行った。反応は、促進剤(助触媒)としてHClの存在下で行った。以下の手順は、一般的に、この方法を説明する。頭上撹拌機を備えた300ccのオートクレーブ中の42gmの1−ブチル−ピリジニウムクロロアルミネートへ、101gmの1−デセン及び4.6gmのイソブタンを添加し、オートクレーブを密封した。次いで、0.2〜0.5gmのHClを反応器へ導入し、次いで撹拌を開始した。反応は発熱的で、温度は瞬時に88℃まで跳ね上がった。温度は瞬時に40℃半ばまで戻り、50℃まで持って行き、反応時間の残りをおよそ50℃に保った。反応を、自律圧力で、約1時間勢いよく撹拌した。撹拌を停止し、反応を室温まで冷却した。内容物を静置し、有機相(イオン液体と非相溶性)をデカントし、0.1N KOH水溶液で洗浄した。回収した油を、擬似蒸留、臭素分析、粘度、粘度指数、並びに流動点及び曇点で特徴付けた。
Claims (20)
- 燃料又は潤滑油成分の製造方法であって、
1つ又はそれ以上のオレフィンを含む供給原料流を、オリゴマー化条件で、イオン液体オリゴマー化帯域に通す工程、
オリゴマー化オレフィン中間体を前記イオン液体オリゴマー化帯域から回収する工程、
前記オリゴマー化オレフィン中間体及びイソパラフィンを、アルキル化条件で、酸性クロロアルミネートイオン液体を含むイオン液体アルキル化帯域へ通す工程、並びに
アルキル化オリゴマー生成物を含む前記イオン液体アルキル化帯域からの流出液を回収する工程
を含む、前記方法。 - イオン液体アルキル化帯域がブレンステッド酸を更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アルキル化オリゴマー生成物が燃料又は燃料ブレンドストックとして使用される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アルキル化オリゴマー生成物が潤滑油基油又は潤滑油ブレンドストックとして使用される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- オリゴマー化オレフィン中間体対イソパラフィンのモル比が少なくとも0.5である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アルキル化オリゴマー生成物が2.7未満の臭素価を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- アルキル化オリゴマー生成物が、擬似蒸留で少なくとも1000°FのTBP@50及び4未満の臭素価を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アルキル化オリゴマー生成物が3未満の臭素価を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- イソパラフィンが、イソブタン、イソペンタン、並びにイソブタン及びイソペンタンを含む混合物からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- アルキル化オリゴマー生成物を水素化に供して低オレフィン潤滑油基油を製造する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記低オレフィン潤滑油基油が、ASTM D1159で0.2未満の臭素価を有する、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 1つ又はそれ以上のオレフィンを含む供給原料流が、少なくとも1種のαオレフィンを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 1つ又はそれ以上のオレフィンを含む供給原料流が、単一のαオレフィン種を少なくとも50モル%含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 1つ又はそれ以上のオレフィンを含む供給原料流が、αオレフィンの混合物を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- アルキル化オリゴマー生成物を水素化に供して低オレフィン含有量のアルキル化オリゴマーを形成する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 低オレフィン含有量のアルキル化オリゴマーが、ASTM D1159で測定して0.2未満の臭素価を有する、請求項15に記載の方法。
- イオン液体オリゴマー化帯域が、酸クロロアルミネートイオン液体触媒を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- イオン液体オリゴマー化帯域及びイオン液体アルキル化帯域が、異なるイオン液体触媒を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- イオン液体オリゴマー化帯域及びイオン液体アルキル化帯域が、同じイオン液体触媒を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記イオン液体アルキル化帯域がブレンステッド酸を更に含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
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US11/316,154 US7572943B2 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2005-12-20 | Alkylation of oligomers to make superior lubricant or fuel blendstock |
PCT/US2006/046944 WO2007078607A2 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2006-12-07 | Alkylation of oligomers to make superior lubricant or fuel blendstock |
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US7572943B2 (en) | 2009-08-11 |
BRPI0620132B1 (pt) | 2016-01-19 |
JP2009520106A (ja) | 2009-05-21 |
KR101393254B1 (ko) | 2014-05-08 |
US7732654B2 (en) | 2010-06-08 |
CN101360700B (zh) | 2012-07-25 |
US7973205B2 (en) | 2011-07-05 |
ZA200806188B (en) | 2009-11-25 |
AU2006333315A1 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
DE112006003455T5 (de) | 2008-10-30 |
US20100204531A1 (en) | 2010-08-12 |
CN101360700A (zh) | 2009-02-04 |
WO2007078607A3 (en) | 2008-04-03 |
KR20080081317A (ko) | 2008-09-09 |
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