JP5087976B2 - Washer device and friction damper equipped with the washer device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a washer device used in a nut and bolt tightening mechanism and a friction damper including the washer device.

JP-A-7-35183 JP 2003-307253 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-267024

  For example, a friction comprising two clamped plates stacked on top of each other and a sliding plate disposed between the two clamped plates so as to be slidably in contact with the two clamped plates In a damper, a nut or bolt is used when an appropriate frictional resistance is generated over a long period between the sliding surfaces of the two clamping plates and the sliding plate by tightening the two clamping plates with a nut and a bolt. An elastic body such as a washer (washer) having elasticity such as a metal disc spring or rubber is used between the enormous head of the plate and the fastening plate.

  By the way, in the washer such as a disc spring, the tightening force to the two tightening plates by the nut and the bolt is similarly decreased as the elastic force decreases due to mechanical fatigue due to long-term use. The initial appropriate frictional resistance between the sliding surfaces of the plate and the sliding plate can no longer be maintained, and even an elastic body such as rubber causes creep due to long-term use and is covered in the same manner as a washer such as a disc spring. There is a possibility that the moderate frictional resistance set at the initial stage between the sliding surfaces of the clamping plate and the sliding plate cannot be maintained.

  In addition, in the case of a friction damper in which the frictional resistance may decrease with an increase in temperature, it is difficult to compensate for such a decrease in the frictional resistance with a washer such as a disc spring or an elastic body such as rubber.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and the object of the present invention is to maintain the tightening force applied to the two tightening plates by the nut and the bolt over a long period of time. In addition, the clamping force to the two clamping plates can be kept constant even with respect to the temperature change, and thus, initially between the sliding surfaces of the two clamping plates and the sliding plate. An object of the present invention is to provide a washer device capable of generating a set appropriate frictional resistance over a long period of time and maintaining a constant frictional resistance against temperature changes, and a friction damper equipped with the washer device.

  The washer device of the present invention is a washer device interposed between at least one of a nut and a huge head portion of a bolt and a tightened body tightened by screwing the bolt to the nut in the axial direction, A washer body having a bottomed groove opened at one end face in the axial direction and having a through hole for inserting a bolt, and is accommodated in the bottomed groove of the washer body and is compressible. And a liquid having elasticity, a lid having a projection fitted in the bottom groove of the washer body so as to be movable in the axial direction on one end face in the axial direction and having a through hole for inserting a bolt And the tip end surface of the protrusion fitted in the bottomed groove in order to prevent leakage of liquid from the opening of the bottomed groove through the gap between the inner peripheral wall surface of the washer body defining the bottomed groove and the side surface of the protrusion And sealing means interposed between the liquid surfaces of the liquid The liquid, the sealing means and the protrusion are arranged in the bottomed groove so that an axial gap is formed between one end face of the washer body and one end face of the lid facing the one end face. The washer that defines the bottomed groove between the axial end surface of the sealing means that contacts the liquid surface of the liquid and the inner bottom wall surface of the washer body that defines the bottom surface of the bottomed groove. The inner peripheral wall surface and inner bottom wall surface of the main body and one end surface of the sealing means are accommodated in the bottomed groove without any gap.

  According to the washer device of the present invention, the bottomed groove is defined between one axial end surface of the sealing means that contacts the liquid level of the liquid and the inner bottom wall surface of the washer body defining the bottom surface of the bottomed groove. Since a compressible and elastic liquid is accommodated in the bottomed groove without a gap with respect to the inner peripheral wall surface and inner bottom wall surface of the washer body and one end surface of the sealing means, a disc spring or the like Compared with an elastic body such as a washer and rubber, mechanical fatigue or creep can be avoided, and such a washer device is connected between one of the enormous heads of nuts and bolts in the axial direction and the tightened body. By interposing it in the washer device, the compressive and elastic liquid in the washer device is used to maintain the clamping force of the two clamped plates by the nut and bolt at the initially set value over a long period of time. Yes, and against washers such as disc springs Because of the larger coefficient of linear expansion of the liquid, it is possible to keep the clamping force to the two clamping plates constant even with changes in the temperature of the frictional force, and thus the two clamping plates and the sliding plate Thus, it is possible to provide a friction damper capable of generating a moderate frictional resistance set between the sliding surfaces in the initial stage over a long period of time and maintaining a constant frictional resistance against temperature changes.

  In a preferred example, the liquid has a non-Newtonian fluid, especially a plastic fluid capable of obtaining Bingham characteristics. As the plastic fluid (Bingham fluid), clay slurry (with a particle size of 20 to 30 μm or less) is used. Suspensions), asphalts, paints, greases, pigments, protein aqueous solutions, creams, etc., but the present invention is not limited to these, and in short, the liquids are compressible and elastic. For example, a liquid such as water mixed with a porous material having a large number of pores described in JP-A-2004-44732, JP-A-2005-121092, and JP-A-2005-121091, etc. A liquid made of polysiloxane can be mentioned as an example. Examples of the organopolysiloxane having fluidity include silicone raw rubber. Those obtained by blending a filler such as silica in the silicone raw rubber, can be given was suppressed have fluidity degree of crosslinking of the liquid silicone rubber silicone gel or the like. Also, if the liquid has a temperature characteristic with a linear expansion coefficient sufficiently larger than the linear expansion coefficient of a washer such as a disc spring, which is usually formed of metal, the frictional resistance decreases as the temperature rises. In the case of a friction damper with a fear, this can be compensated and it is preferable.

  Each of the washer body and the lid body may have a plurality of through holes, and in a preferred example, the bottomed groove is an annular bottomed groove, and the protrusion is an annular protrusion. The through hole of the washer body may be surrounded by an annular bottomed groove, and the through hole of the lid concentric with the through hole of the washer body may be surrounded by an annular protrusion.

  The friction damper of the present invention includes a nut, a bolt screwed to the nut and having a huge head, a tightened body tightened by screwing the bolt to the nut, and an axial nut and bolt. And a washer device interposed between the tightened bodies. The washer device has a bottomed groove opened at one end face in the axial direction and a bolt. A washer main body having a through-hole through which is inserted, a liquid that is accommodated in the bottomed groove of the washer main body, is compressible and has elasticity, and is freely movable in the axial direction in the bottomed groove of the washer main body. A gap between a lid having a through hole into which one end face in the axial direction is inserted and a bolt is inserted, and the inner peripheral wall surface of the washer body defining the bottomed groove and the side surface of the protrusion To prevent leakage of liquid through the bottomed groove opening. And a sealing means interposed between the tip end surface of the protrusion fitted in the bottomed groove and the liquid surface of the liquid, and one end surface of the washer body and the lid facing the one end surface The liquid, the sealing means and the protrusion are arranged in the bottomed groove so that an axial gap is formed between the one end face and the liquid is one of the sealing means in contact with the liquid surface of the liquid in the axial direction. There is no gap between the inner peripheral wall surface and inner bottom wall surface of the washer body defining the bottomed groove and one end surface of the sealing means between the end surface of the washer body and the inner bottom wall surface of the washer body defining the bottom surface of the bottomed groove. The clamped body disposed between the other of the enormous heads of nuts and bolts in the axial direction and the washer device is accommodated in at least two clamped parts that are overlapped with each other in the axial direction. Between the plate and the two clamped plates in the axial direction Rutotomoni has two and a sliding plate having a plate surface that slidably contacts the respective facing plate surfaces each other plate clamp object.

  The friction damper according to the present invention has a structure in which the sliding plate connected to the other structure relative to the two to-be-fastened plates connected to one of the relatively vibrating structures to be damped. Vibration is damped by the frictional resistance at the sliding surface between the plate surface of the two clamped plates facing each other and the plate surface of the sliding plate slidably contacting the plate surface, and the sliding The clamping force (pressing force) of the two clamped plates against the plate is determined by the clamping force of the bolt to the nut, and such clamping force (pressing force) is unlikely to cause mechanical fatigue and creep due to long-term use. As a result of compensation by the compressible and elastic liquid of the washer device, the clamping force of the two clamped plates by the nut and bolt can be maintained at the initial value for a long time, and the temperature Even with changes, the clamping force on the two clamped plates Therefore, a moderate frictional resistance set initially between the sliding surfaces of the two clamped plates and the sliding plate can be generated over a long period of time. In contrast, the frictional resistance can be kept constant.

  Also in the friction damper of the present invention, in a preferred example, the liquid has a non-Newtonian fluid, among them, a plastic fluid that can obtain Bingham characteristics, and as the plastic fluid (Bingham fluid), clay mud (particle size) Suspensions of 20 to 30 μm or less), asphalts, paints, greases, pigments, protein aqueous solutions, creams, and the like, but the present invention is not limited to these. And a liquid having elasticity, such as water in which a porous body having a large number of pores described in JP-A-2004-44732, JP-A-2005-121092, and JP-A-2005-121091 is mixed. As an example, a liquid composed of an organopolysiloxane having liquid or fluidity can be cited. As an organopolysiloxane having fluidity, Eg to those obtained by blending a filler such as silica silicone raw rubber, a silicone raw rubber, can be given was suppressed have fluidity degree of crosslinking of the liquid silicone rubber silicone gel or the like. Also, if the liquid has a temperature characteristic with a linear expansion coefficient sufficiently larger than the linear expansion coefficient of a washer such as a disc spring, which is usually formed of metal, the frictional resistance decreases as the temperature rises. In the case of a friction damper, there is a possibility that this can be compensated, and each of the washer body and the lid body may have a plurality of through holes. In a preferred example, the bottomed groove has an annular shape. It is a bottom groove, and the protrusion is an annular protrusion. In this case, the through hole of the washer body is surrounded by the annular bottomed groove, and the through hole of the lid that is concentric with the through hole of the washer body is a circle. It may be surrounded by an annular protrusion.

  According to the present invention, the tightening force applied to the two clamped plates by the nuts and bolts can be maintained at the initial value over a long period of time, and the two clamped plates can be protected against temperature changes. The clamping force can be kept constant, and thus an appropriate initial frictional resistance can be generated over a long period between the sliding surfaces of the two clamped plates and the sliding plate. It is possible to provide a washer device capable of maintaining a constant frictional resistance against a temperature change and a friction damper including the washer device.

  Hereinafter, the present invention and preferred embodiments thereof will be described with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to these examples.

  1 to 5, the friction damper 1 of this example includes a nut 2 made of rigid metal, a bolt 4 screwed to the nut 2 and having a huge head 3, and a screw of the bolt 4 to the nut 2. The washer device 6 interposed between the nut 2 and the tightened body 5 in this example, one of the tightened body 5 tightened by joining and the enormous head 3 of the nut 2 and the bolt 4 in the axial direction A. A plain washer 7 interposed between the nut 2 and the washer device 6 in the axial direction A, and a flat washer 8 interposed between the tightened body 5 and the enormous head 3 of the bolt 4 in the axial direction A. doing.

  The bolt 4 made of rigid metal has a threaded portion 11 on a cylindrical outer peripheral surface and is integrally formed with a cylindrical bolt body 12 in which a nut 2 is screwed to the threaded portion 11 and one end of the bolt body 12. And a huge head 3. As the bolt of the present invention, the bolt 4 in which the huge head 3 is integrally formed at one end of the bolt main body 12 is preferable. However, the bolt is not limited thereto. A bolt that is similar and has a nut as a huge head screwed to one end of the bolt body 12 may be used.

  The other of the enormous heads 3 of the nut 2 and the bolt 4 in the axial direction A, on the other hand, the tightened bodies 5 arranged between the enormous head 3 and the washer device 6 in this example are overlapped with each other in the axial direction A. Two clamping plates 15 and 16 and flat plate surfaces 17 arranged between the two clamping plates 15 and 16 in the axial direction A and facing each other of the two clamping plates 15 and 16 And a sliding plate 21 having flat plate surfaces 19 and 20 that are slidably in contact with each other in the direction B perpendicular to the axial direction A.

  Each of the clamped plates 15 and 16 has such a diameter that the bolt main body 12 passes therethrough and a clearance that allows the bolt main body 12 to be inserted between the clamped plates 15 and 16 and the bolt main body 12 is generated. The sliding plate 21 has a diameter or length in the B direction that is equal to or greater than the maximum vibration width in the B direction of the sliding plate 21 with respect to the fastening plates 15 and 16. It has a through hole 24 consisting of a round hole or a long hole.

  The washer device 6 has an annular bottomed groove 32 opened at one end face 31 in the axial direction A and a cylindrical washer body having a through hole 33 through which the bolt body 12 of the bolt 4 is inserted. 34, a plastic fluid 35 as a liquid which is accommodated in the bottomed groove 32 of the rigid metal washer body 34 and is compressible and elastic, and the bottomed groove 32 of the washer body 34 has an axial direction A. Made of a rigid metal having an annular projection 36 that is partially fitted to be freely movable on one end surface 37 in the axial direction A and having a through hole 38 through which the bolt body 12 of the bolt 4 is inserted. The bottomed groove of the plastic fluid 35 through the lid 39, the cylindrical inner peripheral wall surfaces 40 and 41 of the washer body 34 defining the bottomed groove 32 and the gap 44 between the cylindrical side surfaces 42 and 43 of the projection 36 To prevent leakage from 32 openings 45 32 is provided with a sealing means 48 is interposed between the liquid surface 47 of the annular distal end surface 46 and plastic fluid 35 fitted to the protrusion 36.

  The lid 39 is formed integrally with a disc-like lid body 51 having a through-hole 38 and one end surface 37 of the lid body 51, and is a projection partially located outside the bottomed groove 32. 36.

  The through hole 33 of the washer body 34 is surrounded by an annular bottomed groove 32 concentric with the through hole 33, and the through hole of the lid body 51 of the lid body 39 concentric with the through hole 33 of the washer body 34. 38 is surrounded by an annular projection 36 concentric with the through hole 38.

  The sealing means 48 includes an annular packing 55 made of a synthetic resin, and a packing 58 having one annular end surface 57 in contact with one annular end surface 56 of the packing 55, and the annular packing The other annular end surface 59 of 55 is in contact with the liquid surface 47 of the plastic fluid 35, and the other annular end surface 60 of the annular packing 58 is in contact with the annular tip surface 46 of the protrusion 36. Yes.

  The sealing means 48 is not limited to the one provided with the two-stage annular packings 55 and 58, and the annular packing may be one stage or two or more stages, and the sectional shape of the annular packing. These may be O-type, U-type, or V-type, and may be combined as appropriate. In short, the leakage of the plastic fluid 35 can be prevented, and the sealing performance is not deteriorated due to long-term use. What is necessary is just to be able to maintain property over a long period of time.

  The sealing means 48 having the plastic fluid 35 and the packings 55 and 58 and the projection 36 partially located outside the bottomed groove 32 are provided on one end face 31 of the washer body 34 and the lid 39 facing the one end face 31. It is partially arranged in the bottomed groove 32 so that a gap 65 in the axial direction A is generated between one end surface 37 of the lid body 51.

  The rigid metal plain washer 7 is in contact with the nut 2 and the washer body 34 and is interposed between the nut 2 and the washer device 6. The rigid metal plain washer 8 is composed of the tightened plate 15 and the enormous head. 3 is interposed between the tightened body 5 and the enormous head 3 of the bolt 4.

  The plastic fluid 35 accommodated in the bottomed groove 32 in a sealed state by the sealing means 48 includes the annular end surface 59 of the packing 55 of the sealing means 48 that contacts the liquid surface 47 of the plastic fluid 35 and the circle of the bottomed groove 32. One of the inner peripheral wall surfaces 40 and 41 of the washer body 34 defining the bottomed groove 32, the inner bottom wall surface 71, and the sealing means 48 between the annular bottom wall surface 71 of the washer body 34 defining the annular bottom surface. Is accommodated in the bottomed groove 32 without a gap with respect to the annular end surface 59.

  The friction damper 1 having the above washer device 6 is the other of the two clamped plates 15 and 16 connected to one of the structures that vibrate relative to each other in the B direction. The relative vibrations in the B direction of the sliding plate 21 connected to the structure of the two are slid in the B direction on the plate surfaces 17 and 18 and the plate surfaces 17 and 18 of the two fastening plates 15 and 16 facing each other. It is attenuated by the frictional resistance of the sliding surfaces of the sliding plates 21 that are in free contact with the sliding surfaces 21 and 20, and the clamping force (pressing force) of the two clamped plates 15 and 16 against the sliding plates 21 Is determined by the tightening force of the bolt 4 to the nut 2, and such clamping force (pressing force) is the compressibility and elasticity of the washer device 6 which is less likely to cause mechanical fatigue and creep due to long-term use. Compensated by the plastic fluid 35 To have.

  A bottomed groove is formed between one end face 59 in the axial direction A of the sealing means 48 that contacts the liquid surface 47 of the plastic fluid 35 and the inner bottom wall surface 71 of the washer body 34 that defines the bottom surface of the bottomed groove 32. The inner peripheral wall surfaces 40 and 41 of the washer main body 34 defining the inner wall 32, the inner bottom wall surface 71, and the annular end surface 59 of the sealing means 48 are provided with a plastic fluid 35 accommodated in the bottomed groove 32 without a gap. According to the washer device 6 of the friction damper 1, mechanical fatigue or creep can be avoided as compared with a washer such as a disc spring and an elastic body such as rubber, and the plastic fluid 35 can be tightened by the nut 2 and the bolt 4. The clamping force on the plates 15 and 16 can be maintained at an initial value over a long period of time, and the clamping force on the plates 15 and 16 can be kept constant against temperature changes. Fastened plates 15 and 16 and sliding plate 2 The frictional resistance can be kept constant even moderate frictional resistance which is initially set between the sliding surfaces to temperature changes it is possible to produce a long term with.

It is sectional explanatory drawing of the preferable example of this invention. It is Example II-II sectional view taken on the line shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of the cover body of the example shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of the washer main body of the example shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Friction damper 2 Nut 3 Enormous head 4 Bolt 5 Fastened body 6 Washer device 32 Bottomed groove 33 Through-hole 34 Washer body 35 Plastic fluid 36 Protrusion 37 End surface 39 Lid body 46 Front end surface 47 Liquid surface 48 Sealing means

Claims (6)

A washer device interposed in the axial direction between at least one of the enormous heads of nuts and bolts and a body to be fastened by screwing of the bolts to the nuts, on one end face in the axial direction A washer body having an open bottomed groove and having a through hole for inserting a bolt; and a liquid that is accommodated in the bottomed groove of the washer body and is compressible and elastic. A lid having a projection fitted on the bottomed groove of the washer body so as to be movable in the axial direction on one end face in the axial direction and having a through hole for inserting a bolt, and a bottomed groove are defined. In order to prevent leakage of liquid from the opening of the bottomed groove through the gap between the inner peripheral wall surface of the washer body and the side surface of the protrusion, between the tip surface of the protrusion fitted in the bottomed groove and the liquid surface of the liquid And a washer body. The liquid, the sealing means and the protrusion are arranged in the bottomed groove so that an axial gap is formed between one end surface and one end surface of the lid facing the one end surface. The inner peripheral wall surface and inner side of the washer body defining the bottomed groove between one axial end surface of the sealing means that contacts the liquid surface of the liquid and the inner bottom wall surface of the washer body defining the bottom surface of the bottomed groove A washer device housed in a bottomed groove in a sealed state with no gap between the bottom wall surface and one end surface of the sealing means. A nut, a bolt screwed to the nut and having a huge head, a tightened body tightened by screwing the bolt to the nut, and the nut and the huge head of the bolt in the axial direction And a washer device interposed between the clamped body and the washer device. The washer device has a bottomed groove opened at one end surface in the axial direction and has a through hole through which a bolt is inserted. A washer body, a liquid that is accommodated in the bottomed groove of the washer body and is compressible and elastic, and a protrusion that is fitted in the bottomed groove of the washer body so as to be movable in the axial direction. A lid having a through-hole through which a bolt is inserted and having one end face in the direction, and a bottomed groove for liquid via a gap between the inner peripheral wall surface of the washer body defining the bottomed groove and the side surface of the projection Fitted in the bottomed groove to prevent leakage from the opening of An axial direction between one end face of the washer body and one end face of the lid facing the one end face. The liquid, the sealing means, and the protrusion are arranged in the bottomed groove so that a gap between the bottom surface of the bottomed groove and the one end surface in the axial direction of the sealing means that contacts the liquid surface of the liquid. Between the inner bottom wall surface of the specified washer body, the inner peripheral wall surface and inner bottom wall surface of the washer body defining the bottomed groove and one end face of the sealing means are accommodated in the bottomed groove in a sealed state without any gap. The clamped body disposed between the other of the enormous heads of nuts and bolts in the axial direction and the washer device includes at least two clamped plates overlapped with each other in the axial direction, and the axial direction. Between the two clamping plates and Slidably contact with and friction damper and a sliding plate having a plate surface on each of the facing plate surface each other plate clamp object of.   The friction damper according to claim 2, wherein the liquid includes a plastic fluid.   The friction damper according to claim 2 or 3, wherein each of the washer body and the lid has a plurality of through holes.   The friction damper according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein each of the bottomed groove and the protrusion has an annular shape.   6. The friction damper according to claim 5, wherein the through-hole of the washer body is surrounded by a bottomed groove, and the through-hole of the lid concentric with the through-hole of the washer body is surrounded by a protrusion.

Images