JP5053015B2 - 建設機械の排気ガス浄化システム - Google Patents
建設機械の排気ガス浄化システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5053015B2 JP5053015B2 JP2007247952A JP2007247952A JP5053015B2 JP 5053015 B2 JP5053015 B2 JP 5053015B2 JP 2007247952 A JP2007247952 A JP 2007247952A JP 2007247952 A JP2007247952 A JP 2007247952A JP 5053015 B2 JP5053015 B2 JP 5053015B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- regeneration
- filter
- gas purification
- purification system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 166
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 166
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 27
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 25
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/029—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a particulate filter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
- B01D46/44—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration
- B01D46/446—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration by pressure measuring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
- B01D46/44—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration
- B01D46/46—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration automatic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
- B01D46/80—Chemical processes for the removal of the retained particles, e.g. by burning
- B01D46/82—Chemical processes for the removal of the retained particles, e.g. by burning with catalysts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/944—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or carbon making use of oxidation catalysts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/96—Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
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- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
- F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N9/002—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus of filter regeneration, e.g. detection of clogging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
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- F02D29/04—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving pumps
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- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1448—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an exhaust gas pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- F01N2560/06—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a temperature sensor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
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- F02D41/024—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- F02D41/025—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus by changing the composition of the exhaust gas, e.g. for exothermic reaction on exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
ている。
1a 電子ガバナ
2 エンジンコントロールダイヤル
3 回転数検出装置
4 コントローラ
5 キースイッチ
11 油圧ポンプ
12 パイロットポンプ
13 油圧モータ
14,15 油圧シリンダ
17〜19 流量制御弁
20 パイロット油圧源
21 パイロットリリーフ弁
23 電磁切換弁
24 パイロット油路
25,26,27 リモコン弁
28,29 操作レバー
31 排気管
32 フィルタ
33 酸化触媒
34 DPF装置
35 圧力検出装置
36 差圧検出装置
37 排気温度検出装置
38 表示装置(モニタ)
38a 表示画面
39 再生用燃料噴射装置
40 シャトル弁群
41〜46 シャトル弁
100 下部走行体
101 上部旋回体
102 フロント作業機
104a,104b 走行モータ
105 旋回モータ
106 エンジンルーム
107 運転室
111 ブーム
112 アーム
113 バケット
114 ブームシリンダ
115 アームシリンダ
116 バケットシリンダ
Claims (8)
- ディーゼルエンジンと、このエンジンの動力により駆動される複数の被駆動体と、前記複数の被駆動体の操作を指令する操作手段と、前記操作手段の不操作状態が第1の所定時間継続すると前記エンジンの回転数を低速回転数に低下させるオートアイドル制御システムとを備えた建設機械の排気ガス浄化システムにおいて、
前記エンジンの排気系に配置され、排気ガス中に含まれる粒子状物質を捕集するフィルタと、
前記フィルタに堆積した粒子状物質を焼却除去し、前記フィルタを再生する再生装置と、
前記操作手段の操作の有無を検出する操作検出手段と、
前記オートアイドル制御システムの作動がオフされた状態で、前記操作検出手段により前記操作手段の不操作状態が検出され、かつこの不操作状態が前記第1の所定時間よりも長い第2の所定時間継続すると、前記再生装置を作動させる再生制御装置とを備える
ことを特徴とする建設機械の排気ガス浄化システム。 - 請求項1記載の建設機械の排気ガス浄化システムにおいて、
前記再生制御装置は、前記再生装置の作動中に前記操作検出手段により前記操作手段の操作有が検出されると前記再生装置の作動を停止させる
ことを特徴とする建設機械の排気ガス浄化システム。 - 請求項1記載の建設機械の排気ガス浄化システムにおいて、
前記エンジンの目標回転数を指令する目標回転数指令手段を更に備え、
前記再生制御装置は、前記再生装置の作動中に前記目標回転数指令手段により指令される目標回転数が変化すると前記再生装置の作動を停止させる
ことを特徴とする建設機械の排気ガス浄化システム。 - 請求項1記載の建設機械の排気ガス浄化システムにおいて、
前記フィルタの圧力損失を検出する圧力検出装置を更に備え、
前記再生制御装置は、前記圧力検出装置により検出した圧力損失が第1の所定圧力値より低くなると前記再生装置の作動を停止させる
ことを特徴とする建設機械の排気ガス浄化システム。 - 請求項1記載の建設機械の排気ガス浄化システムにおいて、
前記フィルタの圧力損失を検出する圧力検出装置を更に備え、
前記再生制御装置は、前記操作検出手段により前記操作手段の不操作状態が検出されてこの不操作状態が前記第2の所定時間継続し、かつ前記圧力検出装置により検出した圧力損失が第2の所定圧力値よりも高いときに、前記再生装置を作動させる
ことを特徴とする建設機械の排気ガス浄化システム。 - 請求項1記載の建設機械の排気ガス浄化システムにおいて、
前記再生制御装置は、前記操作検出手段により前記操作手段の不操作状態が検出されてこの不操作状態が前記第2の所定時間継続し、前記再生装置を作動させるとき、前記エンジンの回転数を所定の回転数に制御する
ことを特徴とする建設機械の排気ガス浄化システム。 - 請求項1記載の建設機械の排気ガス浄化システムにおいて、
前記エンジンの目標回転数を指令する目標回転数指令手段を更に備え、
前記再生制御装置は、前記操作検出手段により前記操作手段の不操作状態が検出されてこの不操作状態が前記第2の所定時間継続し、かつ前記目標回転数指令手段により指令される目標回転数が所定の回転数より高いときに、前記再生装置を作動させる
ことを特徴とする建設機械の排気ガス浄化システム。 - 請求項1記載の建設機械の排気ガス浄化システムにおいて、
前記再生装置は、前記フィルタの上流側に配置された酸化触媒と、この酸化触媒に燃料を供給する燃料供給手段とを有し、前記エンジンの排気ガスを前記酸化触媒の活性温度よりも高い温度に強制的に昇温して前記酸化触媒を活性化した後、この酸化触媒に前記燃料供給手段より燃料を供給し、この燃料と酸化触媒との反応熱により排気ガスを昇温し、フィルタに堆積した粒子状物質を焼却除去する
ことを特徴とする建設機械の排気ガス浄化システム。
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US12/527,913 US8336299B2 (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2008-08-06 | Exhaust gas cleaning system for construction machine |
EP08792267.0A EP2123871B1 (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2008-08-06 | Exhaust purification system for construction machine |
PCT/JP2008/064160 WO2009041165A1 (ja) | 2007-09-25 | 2008-08-06 | 建設機械の排気ガス浄化システム |
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