JP5042255B2 - Control device for multi-cylinder spark ignition internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a control device for a multi-cylinder spark ignition internal combustion engine, for example, a control device for a multi-cylinder spark ignition internal combustion engine that includes a variable valve mechanism and in-cylinder fuel injection means.

  As a measure for improving the fuel efficiency of a spark ignition type internal combustion engine (engine) used in automobiles or the like, it is effective to reduce engine pump loss. In recent years, the intake valve has a mechanical variable valve mechanism that can continuously control the lift amount and the valve opening period, and the intake air amount is controlled mainly by the opening and closing timing of the intake valve, not the throttle provided in the intake pipe. Engines aimed at reducing pump loss through control have attracted attention.

  In these engines, during low-load operation, the valve opening period of the intake valve is shortened (the intake valve is quickly closed), and the lift amount is reduced to optimally control the air amount. As the lift amount decreases, the sensitivity of the intake air amount with respect to the lift amount increases. Therefore, precise lift amount control is necessary to achieve a desired intake air amount.

  On the other hand, with a mechanical variable valve mechanism, it is common to control the lift amount and valve opening period for each engine (or bank) from the viewpoint of cost and in-vehicle performance, and it is difficult to control by cylinder. is there. Accordingly, during low-load operation, variations in lift amount among cylinders due to manufacturing variations of valve mechanisms and changes over time greatly affect the intake amount of each cylinder, causing variations in intake amount among cylinders. As a result, there is a feature that a difference in output occurs between the cylinders, and torque fluctuation is likely to occur.

  In order to avoid torque fluctuations due to cylinder variations in the intake air amount during low load operation, first, the cylinder variation in the intake air amount is calculated, and the fuel injection amount is controlled for each cylinder so that the air-fuel ratio of each cylinder is desired. After that, it is known that the ignition timing is controlled for each cylinder to suppress torque fluctuation (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Secondly, it is known that the lift amount is adjusted for each cylinder and the cylinder variation of the intake amount is reduced by giving a correction signal to the variable valve mechanism only in the intake stroke of a specific cylinder ( For example, see Patent Document 2).

JP-A-2005-273569 JP 2007-132187 A

  However, since the technique described in Patent Document 1 finally adjusts the torque of each cylinder by ignition timing control (ignition retard control) and suppresses torque fluctuation, there is a cylinder in which the thermal efficiency is necessarily deteriorated. There is a problem.

  In addition, the technique described in Patent Document 2 requires precise control of the variable valve mechanism within a cycle of one cycle. Therefore, there is a need for a control cycle of the controller, control accuracy of the variable valve, and responsiveness. There is a problem that it becomes extremely severe and low feasibility.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a spark ignition type internal combustion engine control device capable of avoiding torque fluctuations caused by variations in intake air amount cylinders during low load operation without performing ignition retard control leading to deterioration of thermal efficiency. There is to do.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a control device for a multi-cylinder spark ignition internal combustion engine having a variable valve mechanism and in-cylinder fuel injection means, and includes an intake amount of each cylinder and a variable valve mechanism. The fuel injection timing is controlled for each cylinder based on the intake valve closing timing.

  According to the present invention, since the fuel injection timing is controlled for each cylinder based on the intake amount of each cylinder and the intake valve closing timing of the variable valve mechanism, the intake amount (charging efficiency) is controlled for each cylinder. Thus, variation in the intake air amount can be suppressed, and torque fluctuation can be suppressed without reducing the thermal efficiency of each cylinder.

The system block diagram which shows the structure of the system which applied the control apparatus of the multicylinder spark ignition type internal combustion engine by 1st Embodiment to the gasoline engine for motor vehicles. The system block diagram which shows the structure of the control apparatus of the multicylinder spark ignition type internal combustion engine by 1st Embodiment. Explanatory drawing of the characteristic of the variable valve mechanism in the control apparatus of the multicylinder spark ignition type internal combustion engine by 1st Embodiment. Explanatory drawing of the low load operation area | region in the control apparatus of the multicylinder spark ignition type internal combustion engine by 1st Embodiment. The figure which shows the typical example of the setting of an intake valve and an exhaust valve by the control apparatus of the multicylinder spark ignition type internal combustion engine by 1st Embodiment. The figure which shows the relationship between the setting value of the maximum lift amount of an intake valve, and the intake amount of each cylinder in the control apparatus of the multicylinder spark ignition type internal combustion engine by 1st Embodiment. The flowchart which shows the variable valve and fuel-injection control content in the control apparatus of the multicylinder spark ignition type internal combustion engine by 1st Embodiment. The figure which shows the relationship between the fuel-injection timing at the time of the low load driving | running after engine warming-up, and the charging efficiency by the control apparatus of the multicylinder spark ignition type internal combustion engine by 1st Embodiment. The figure which shows the relationship between the fuel injection timing at the time of the low load driving | operation at the time of engine cold, and charging efficiency by the control apparatus of the multicylinder spark ignition type internal combustion engine by 1st Embodiment. The time chart of the fuel-injection control at the time of low load operation | movement by the control apparatus of the multicylinder spark ignition type internal combustion engine by 1st Embodiment. The figure which shows the structure of the system which applied the control apparatus of the multicylinder spark ignition type internal combustion engine by 2nd Embodiment to the gasoline engine for motor vehicles. The system block diagram which shows the structure of the control apparatus of the multicylinder spark ignition internal combustion engine by 2nd Embodiment. The flowchart which shows the variable valve and fuel-injection control content in the control apparatus of the multicylinder spark ignition type internal combustion engine by 2nd Embodiment. The figure which shows the relationship between the fuel-injection ratio at the time of low load driving | operation, and charging efficiency by the control apparatus of the multicylinder spark ignition type internal combustion engine by 2nd Embodiment.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the control device for a multi-cylinder spark ignition internal combustion engine according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, the configuration of a system in which the control device for a multi-cylinder spark ignition internal combustion engine according to the present embodiment is applied to an automobile gasoline engine will be described with reference to FIG.

  The engine 100 is a four-cylinder gasoline engine for automobiles that performs spark ignition combustion, and includes an air flow sensor 1 that measures the amount of intake air, an electronic control throttle 2 that adjusts intake pipe pressure, and an intake air temperature detector. Intake air temperature sensors 15 that measure the temperature of intake air are provided at appropriate positions of the intake pipes 6.

  Further, the engine 100 is provided with a fuel injection device (hereinafter referred to as an injector) 3 for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber 12 of each cylinder and an ignition plug 4 for supplying ignition energy for each cylinder. A cooling water temperature sensor 14 for measuring the temperature of the water is provided at an appropriate position of the cylinder head 7.

  Further, the variable valve 5 including an intake valve variable device 5 a that adjusts the intake gas flowing into the cylinder and an exhaust valve variable device 5 b that adjusts the exhaust gas discharged from the cylinder includes the cylinder head 7. It is provided at each appropriate position. By adjusting the variable valve 5, it is possible to adjust the intake air amount and the EGR amount of all the cylinders from No. 1 to No. 4.

  Further, a three-way catalyst 10 for purifying exhaust, and an air-fuel ratio detector, an air-fuel ratio sensor 9 for detecting the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust on the upstream side of the three-way catalyst 10, and an exhaust temperature detector In one embodiment, an exhaust temperature sensor 11 that measures the temperature of the exhaust gas upstream of the three-way catalyst 10 is provided at each appropriate position of the exhaust pipe 8. The crankshaft is provided with a crank angle sensor 13 for calculating a rotation angle.

  Signals obtained from the air flow sensor 1, the air-fuel ratio sensor 9, the coolant temperature sensor 14, the intake air temperature sensor 15, the exhaust gas temperature sensor 11, and the crank angle sensor 13 are an engine control unit (ECU) 20 that is a control device for the engine 100. Sent to.

  A signal obtained from the accelerator opening sensor 16 is also sent to the ECU 20. The accelerator opening sensor 16 detects the amount of depression of the accelerator pedal, that is, the accelerator opening. The ECU 20 calculates the required torque Te based on the output signal of the accelerator opening sensor 16. In other words, accelerator opening sensor 16 is used as a required torque detection sensor that detects required torque Te to engine 100.

  Further, the ECU 20 calculates the engine rotation speed Ne based on the output signal of the crank angle sensor 13. The ECU 20 optimally calculates main operating amounts of the engine 100 such as an air flow rate, a fuel injection amount, and an ignition timing based on the operating state of the engine 100 obtained from the outputs of the various sensors.

  The fuel injection amount calculated by the ECU 20 is converted into a valve opening pulse signal and sent to the injector 3. Further, a spark plug drive signal is sent to the spark plug 4 so as to be ignited at the ignition timing calculated by the ECU 20. The throttle opening calculated by the ECU 20 is sent to the electronic control throttle 2 as a throttle drive signal. Further, the operation amount of the variable valve calculated by the ECU 20 is sent to the variable valve 5 as a variable valve drive signal.

  Fuel is injected from the injector 3 to the air flowing into the combustion chamber 12 from the intake pipe 6 through the intake valve (intake valve) Vi of the variable valve 5, and an air-fuel mixture is formed in the combustion chamber 12. The air-fuel mixture explodes by a spark generated from the spark plug 4 at a predetermined ignition timing, and the piston is pushed down by the combustion pressure to become a driving force of the engine 100. Further, the exhaust gas after the explosion is sent to the three-way catalyst 10 through the exhaust pipe 8, and the exhaust components are purified in the three-way catalyst 10 and discharged to the outside.

Next, the configuration of the ECU 20 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a system block diagram showing the configuration of the ECU 20.
Output signals of the air flow sensor 1, the air-fuel ratio sensor 9, the exhaust gas temperature sensor 11, the crank angle sensor 13, the cooling water temperature sensor 14, the intake air temperature sensor 15, and the accelerator opening sensor 16 are input to an input circuit 20a of the ECU 20. However, the input signal is not limited to these.

  The input signal of each input sensor is sent to the input port in the input / output port 20b. The value sent to the input port in the input / output port 20b is stored in the RAM 20c and is processed by the CPU 20e. A control program describing the contents of the arithmetic processing is written in advance in the ROM 20d.

  A value indicating the operation amount of each actuator calculated in accordance with the control program is stored in the RAM 20c, then sent to the output port in the input / output port 20b, and sent to each actuator 2-5 via each drive circuit 20f-20j. It is done.

  In the case of the present embodiment, there are an electronic throttle drive circuit 20f, an injector drive circuit 20g, an ignition output circuit 20h, and a variable valve drive circuit 20j as drive circuits. Each circuit controls an electronic control throttle 2, an injector 3, a spark plug 4, and a variable valve 5, which are actuators. In the present embodiment, the device includes the drive circuit in the ECU 20. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and any of the drive circuits may be provided in the ECU 20.

  The ECU 20 controls the intake air amount mainly by the variable valve 5 instead of the throttle 2, and suppresses the torque fluctuation by performing the cylinder specific fuel injection timing control during the low load operation. In particular, the ECU 20 according to the present embodiment retards the fuel injection timing in a cylinder that has been determined that the intake air amount calculated by the cylinder-by-cylinder intake air amount calculation unit is larger than other cylinders during low-load operation. The amount of fuel injected before the intake valve is closed is reduced from the other cylinders, and the amount of fuel injected after the intake valve is closed is increased from the other cylinders by the reduced amount.

  In a cylinder that is determined to have a smaller intake amount than the other cylinders, the fuel injection timing is advanced, the amount of fuel injected before the intake valve closes is increased, and the intake valve is closed. After that, the amount of fuel to be injected is decreased from the other cylinders by the increased amount. As a result, it is possible to reduce the cylinder variation in the intake air amount without performing ignition retard control or the like, and to suppress torque fluctuations during low load operation.

  Next, the characteristics of the variable valve 5 in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The variable valve 5 includes a mechanism capable of continuously changing the phase a and the lift amount b of the intake valve Vi, and can independently control the valve opening timing IVO and the valve closing timing IVC of the intake valve Vi.

  Next, the low load operation region in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a low-load operation region in the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, the low load operation region Low Load is defined in advance on a map of the engine torque Te and the engine speed Ne, and is held in the ROM 20d of FIG. The ECU 20 determines whether the current operation condition is the low load operation region Low Load or the normal operation region Normal from the required engine torque Te and the engine speed Ne.

  As a standard for defining this region, for example, a region where the valve lift amount Lv (maximum lift amount during one cycle) of the intake valve Vi becomes a specific value or less by the intake valve control is set as a low load operation region. In the present embodiment, the difference between the cylinders in the valve lift amount Lv due to manufacturing tolerances and aging changes starts to greatly affect the intake amount of each cylinder. The valve lift amount is less than 1.0 mm based on the valve lift amount of 1.0 mm. The region operated by is defined as the low load operation region.

  Next, the variable valve 5 and the fuel injection control method in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the control contents of the variable valve 5 in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 5 is a typical example of intake valve and exhaust valve settings under the engine operating conditions A, B, and C shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis represents the crank angle of the crankshaft, and the vertical axis represents the valve lift amount Lv. The solid line V-EXT indicates the lift amount of the exhaust valve (exhaust valve) Vo, and the solid line V-INT indicates the lift amount of the intake valve Vi.

  As described above, the ECU 20 of the engine 100 according to the present embodiment controls the intake air amount mainly by the intake valve Vi in order to reduce pump loss. In a high load operation condition as shown in FIG. 5A where a large amount of air is required, the intake valve closing timing IVC is set near the bottom dead center BDC. As the engine operating conditions gradually decrease as shown in (B) and (C), the closing timing IVC of the intake valve Vi is advanced to reduce the intake air amount.

  However, in a low load region such as the engine operating condition (C), the combustion compression stability tends to decrease due to a decrease in the actual compression ratio accompanying the early closing of the intake valve Vi. In an environment where the temperature is low, the variable valve 5 may be controlled so as to increase the actual compression ratio by delaying the phase a of the intake valve Vi as indicated by a dotted line in FIG.

  Next, the cause of the variation in the intake air amount cylinder that occurs at low load will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the set value of the maximum lift amount of the intake valve and the intake amount of each cylinder # 1 to # 4.

  When the set value of the maximum lift amount of the intake valve Vi is large, that is, when operating from a medium load to a high load, the cylinder variation of the valve lift amount due to manufacturing tolerances or aging changes is extremely small with respect to the maximum lift amount. Therefore, the influence on the intake air amount is small.

  On the other hand, when the maximum lift amount of the intake valve Vi is small, that is, during low load operation, the cylinder variation in lift amount between cylinders cannot be ignored with respect to the maximum lift amount, so the intake amount varies between cylinders. .

  Next, the variable valve and fuel injection control contents in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the contents of the variable valve and fuel injection control according to this embodiment.

  The control content shown in FIG. 7 is repeatedly executed by the ECU 20 at a predetermined cycle. First, in step S101, the engine speed Ne, the required engine torque Te, the coolant temperature, and the like are read as information relating to the current engine operating conditions. As described above, the required engine torque Te is calculated based on the output of the accelerator opening sensor 16.

  Next, in step S102, the variable valve 5 is controlled so as to realize an appropriate air amount based on the current engine operating conditions. Subsequently, in step S103, the fuel injection amount is controlled so that the air-fuel mixture has a desired air-fuel ratio (mainly stoichiometric ratio).

  In step S104, it is determined whether or not the current operation condition is a low load operation region from a map stored in advance. If it is the low load region (YES in step S104), the process proceeds to step S105, and the current air-fuel ratio (exhaust pipe collecting portion) and the fuel injection period of each cylinder are read.

  Next, in step S106, an average intake amount between cylinders is calculated. Specifically, first, the total fuel injection amount of all cylinders is calculated with reference to the injector injection amount characteristic stored in advance from the read fuel injection period. Thereafter, the total intake amount is calculated from the calculated total fuel injection amount of all the cylinders and the read air-fuel ratio (exhaust pipe collecting portion), and the average intake amount is obtained by averaging the total intake amount. In the above description, the total intake amount of all cylinders is calculated from the air-fuel ratio and the fuel injection amount. Alternatively, the intake amount directly detected by the air flow sensor may be used as the total intake amount of all cylinders.

  Next, in step S107, the intake amount of each cylinder is calculated (intake amount calculation means for each cylinder). Specifically, first, the air-fuel ratio of each cylinder is calculated from the read air-fuel ratio (exhaust pipe collecting portion) using frequency analysis or the like. Then, from the read fuel injection period, the fuel injection amount of each cylinder is calculated with reference to the injector injection amount characteristic stored in advance. From the air-fuel ratio of each cylinder calculated as described above and the fuel injection amount of each cylinder, the intake air amount of each cylinder is finally calculated.

  Next, in step S108, the current intake valve closing timing IVC (set value) is read. In step S109, the average value of the intake air amount calculated in step S106, the intake air amount of each cylinder calculated in step S107, and the intake valve closing timing IVC read in step S108 are used. The correction amount of the fuel injection timing is calculated.

  Specifically, first, from the intake air amount of each cylinder calculated in step S107 and the cylinder average value of the intake air amount calculated in step S106, a difference that is an excess or deficiency of the intake air amount of each cylinder is calculated. Calculate and set the required intake air increase / decrease amount (intake deviation amount).

  After that, the amount of intake increase / decrease required for each cylinder is converted into an intake air temperature change amount based on the gas state equation, and is necessary to realize the temperature change (injected while the intake valve is open). Increase / decrease amount of fuel injection amount (fuel increase / decrease amount when intake valve is opened) is determined. Here, the calculation from the intake increase / decrease amount to the fuel increase / decrease amount when the intake valve is opened may be calculated on-board by the ECU 20 as described above, or may be stored in the ECU 20 in advance.

  Finally, the current intake valve closing timing IVC read in step S108, the calculated fuel increase / decrease amount when the intake valve is opened (the fuel increase / decrease amount injected while the intake valve is open), and the ECU 20 are stored in advance. Based on the fuel injection rate (fuel injection amount per unit time), a fuel injection timing correction amount is calculated. As a result, the intake air amount of each cylinder can be continuously adjusted.

  Here, the example in which the fuel injection timing correction amount is calculated according to the difference between the average intake amount between cylinders and the intake amount of each cylinder has been described above, or alternatively, the average intake amount between cylinders calculated in step S106 and step S107. The fuel injection timing correction amount may be determined based only on the magnitude relationship with the intake air amount of each cylinder calculated in step.

  That is, in the cylinder determined to have a larger intake amount than the inter-cylinder average value, the fuel injection timing correction amount is uniformly determined so that the fuel injection timing is later than the intake valve closing timing read in step S108. For cylinders determined to have a smaller intake amount than the inter-cylinder average value, the fuel injection timing correction amount is uniformly determined so that the fuel injection timing is before the intake valve closing timing. This makes it possible to adjust the intake air amount of each cylinder without requiring complicated calculation processing.

  Next, in step S110, the fuel injection timing of each cylinder is controlled based on the fuel injection timing correction amount calculated in step S109. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S104 that it is not in the low load region, the control is terminated without performing a series of cylinder-specific fuel injection timing control.

  Next, details of the fuel injection control contents in the low load operation region according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the fuel injection timing during low load operation and the charging efficiency (intake amount) after engine warm-up according to the present embodiment. For reference, the valve lift amounts Lv of the intake valve Vi and the exhaust valve Vo are also shown.

  In this case, in order to minimize the pump loss, the intake valve opening timing IVO is set near the top dead center TDC, and the intake valve closing timing IVC is set on the advance side. The fuel injected during the period in which the intake valve Vi is open (period A in the figure), that is, the period in which air flows from the intake pipe into the combustion chamber, cools the air by the evaporative cooling effect. It works to increase filling efficiency. On the other hand, although the fuel injected after the intake valve Vi is closed (period B in the figure) has the effect of cooling the air by the vaporization cooling effect, the intake amount is increased because the intake valve Vi is closed. It does not lead to.

  For the above reasons, it is possible to control the intake air amount (filling efficiency) by changing the fuel injection timing in the vicinity of the intake valve closing timing IVC. In addition, since the injector 3 is provided for each cylinder, it is possible to control the intake air amount for each cylinder by controlling the fuel injection timing for each cylinder.

  FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the fuel injection timing during low load operation and the charging efficiency when the engine is cold according to the present embodiment. For reference, the valve lift amounts Lv of the intake valve Vi and the exhaust valve Vo are also shown.

  In this case, as described above, the intake valve opening / closing timing is set to the retard side in order to suppress the instability of combustion accompanying the decrease in the in-cylinder temperature. Also in this case, the charging efficiency is changed by changing the fuel injection timing in the vicinity of the intake valve closing timing IVC by a mechanism similar to that during warm-up. However, when the engine is cold, the intake valve closing timing IVC is set to be retarded from the warm-up time, so the relationship between the fuel injection timing and the charging efficiency is different from that during the warm-up.

  Therefore, the ECU 20 of the engine 100 according to the present embodiment controls the intake valve opening / closing timing (especially when the intake valve is closed) in advance when the intake amount (charging efficiency) of each cylinder is controlled to a desired value by the fuel injection timing for each cylinder. ), And the control is performed to change the fuel injection start timing in the vicinity of the timing when the intake valve Vi is closed.

  FIG. 10 is a time chart of fuel injection control during low load operation according to the present embodiment. In the drawing, the change over time of the torque fluctuation rate, the intake air amount (by cylinder), and the fuel injection timing (by cylinder) is shown in order from the top.

  Before the fuel injection control for low load is performed, the same fuel injection timing is set for all cylinders according to the engine operating conditions. When ECU 20 determines that the vehicle has entered the low load region, it starts fuel injection control for low load (YES in step S104 in FIG. 7).

  First, as described above, the intake air amount of each cylinder # 1 to # 4 is calculated from information such as the air-fuel ratio sensor 9 and the fuel injection period (step S107 in FIG. 7). When the calculation of the intake amount for each cylinder is completed, the fuel injection timing control is performed for each cylinder in order to reduce the variation in the intake amount among the cylinders (step S110 in FIG. 7). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10, in the second and fourth cylinders where the intake air amount is larger than the cylinder average value (Average), the injection timing is set to the retard side to reduce the intake air. Then, in the first and third cylinders where the intake amount is smaller than the cylinder average value, the intake time is increased by setting the injection timing to the advance side. By this control, the intake air variation among the cylinders is suppressed, and the torque fluctuation caused by the intake air amount variation can be suppressed within an allowable range.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, by controlling the fuel injection timing for each cylinder based on the calculated intake amount for each cylinder and the closing timing IVC for the intake valve Vi in the low load region, Variations in the intake air amount between cylinders can be reduced, and torque fluctuations can be avoided without deteriorating fuel consumption. Therefore, intake air amount control using the variable valve 5 can be performed even in a low load region, and the fuel consumption reduction effect of the variable valve 5 can be maximized.

  Here, when calculating the intake air amount for each cylinder, the air-fuel ratio sensor for each cylinder is detected by frequency analysis of the signal of the air-fuel ratio sensor 9 provided in the exhaust pipe collecting section. Separately, the air-fuel ratio of each cylinder may be detected directly from each air-fuel ratio sensor.

  Also, here, the fuel injection timing control for each cylinder is applied only during low load (low lift) operation. However, even if the intake air amount variation becomes a problem even during medium load or high load operation, By applying this control, it is possible to reduce intake air variation.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, the configuration and operation of the control device for the multi-cylinder spark ignition internal combustion engine according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 11 shows the configuration of a system in which the control device for a multi-cylinder spark ignition internal combustion engine according to the present embodiment is applied to a multi-cylinder gasoline engine for automobiles. In addition to the system configuration in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, an injector 17 that injects fuel into the intake port is provided for each cylinder at an appropriate position of the intake pipe 6.

  FIG. 12 is a system block diagram showing the configuration of the control device for the multi-cylinder spark ignition internal combustion engine according to the present embodiment. 2 is basically the same as the configuration of the control apparatus for the spark ignition internal combustion engine according to the first embodiment of the present invention, but in this embodiment, the injector drive circuit 20g is used to perform an in-cylinder injector. 3 and the intake port injector 17 are controlled.

  The characteristics of the variable valve 5 in the present embodiment are the same as those in FIG. The low load operation region in the present embodiment is the same as in FIG. The control content of the variable valve 5 in the present embodiment is the same as in FIG. The cause of the variation in the intake air amount cylinder that occurs at the time of low load in the present embodiment is the same as in FIG.

  Next, the variable valve 5 and the fuel injection control contents in the present embodiment will be described using the flowchart of FIG. The control content shown in FIG. 13 is repeatedly executed by the ECU 20 at a predetermined cycle.

  In step S201, information relating to the current engine operating conditions (engine speed, required engine torque, coolant temperature, etc.) is read. Next, in step S202, the variable valve 5 is controlled so as to realize an appropriate air amount based on the current engine operating conditions. Subsequently, in step S203, the fuel injection amount is controlled so that the air-fuel mixture has a desired air-fuel ratio (mainly stoichiometric ratio).

  Next, in step S204, it is determined whether or not the current operation condition is a low load operation region from a map stored in advance. If it is in the low load operation region, in step S205, the current air-fuel ratio (exhaust pipe collecting portion) and the fuel injection period of each cylinder are read.

  Next, in step S206, the intake air amount of each cylinder is calculated. Specifically, first, the air-fuel ratio of each cylinder is calculated from the read air-fuel ratio (exhaust pipe collecting portion) using frequency analysis or the like. Next, the fuel injection amount of each cylinder is calculated from the read fuel injection period with reference to the injector injection amount characteristic stored in advance. The intake air amount of each cylinder is finally calculated from the air-fuel ratio of each cylinder calculated as described above and the fuel injection amount.

  Next, in step S207, the correction amount of the fuel injection ratio of each cylinder is calculated from the intake amount of each cylinder calculated in step S206 and the intake valve closing timing IVC. Here, the fuel injection ratio indicates the ratio of the amount of fuel injected from the in-cylinder injector 3 and the amount of fuel injected from the intake port injector 17.

  Specifically, first, an excess or deficiency (difference) in the intake air amount of each cylinder is calculated from the intake air amount of each cylinder calculated in step S206 and the cylinder average value of the intake air amount, and necessary intake air increase / decrease is calculated. Amount. Thereafter, an increase / decrease amount of fuel vaporized in the intake pipe of each cylinder (an increase / decrease amount of fuel injected from the intake port injector 17) is calculated from the intake increase / decrease amount required for each cylinder.

  Finally, the fuel injection ratio correction amount is calculated from the increase / decrease amount of the fuel injected from the intake port injector 17 of each cylinder and the fuel amount per cylinder necessary for the engine 100 to produce a desired torque. To do.

  Next, in step S208, the fuel injection ratio of each cylinder is controlled based on the fuel injection ratio correction amount calculated in step S207. On the other hand, if it is determined in step 204 that it is not the low load region, the control is terminated without performing a series of cylinder-by-cylinder fuel injection ratio control.

  FIG. 14 shows the relationship between the fuel injection ratio (DI injection amount ratio) during low load operation and the charging efficiency according to the present embodiment. Here, the DI injection amount ratio indicates the ratio of the amount of fuel injected from the in-cylinder injector 3 to the total amount of fuel injected into the engine 100.

  The fuel injected from the intake port injector 17 is mainly vaporized in the intake pipe and guided into the combustion chamber. Therefore, since it is necessary to pass through the intake valve Vi in a gaseous state (a state where the density is low and the fuel is expanded), the inflow of air is hindered (resistance).

  On the other hand, since all of the fuel injected from the in-cylinder injector 3 is vaporized in the combustion chamber, it is not necessary to pass through the intake valve in a gaseous state, and does not hinder (resist) the inflow of air.

  For the above reasons, it is possible to increase the intake air amount (filling efficiency) by increasing the DI injection amount ratio. Further, since both the in-cylinder injector 3 and the intake port injector 17 are provided for each cylinder, the intake amount can be controlled for each cylinder by controlling the fuel injection ratio for each cylinder.

  However, some of the fuel injected into the intake port does not immediately vaporize but adheres to the intake valve Vi or the like, and reaches the combustion chamber with a delay of several cycles. In view of this phenomenon, the ECU 20 according to the present embodiment includes a model that predicts the wall flow rate (wall surface adhesion amount) of the fuel injected into the intake port to the intake valve Vi. Therefore, at the time of engine transient operation, it is possible to predict the transport delay of the fuel injected into the intake port by the model, and to compensate for the delay by the amount of fuel injected from the in-cylinder injector 3.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the variation in the intake air amount between cylinders is reduced by controlling the fuel injection ratio for each cylinder based on the calculated intake air amount for each cylinder in the low load region. Torque fluctuations can be avoided without deteriorating fuel consumption. Therefore, intake air amount control using the variable valve 5 can be performed even in a low load region, and the fuel consumption reduction effect of the variable valve 5 can be maximized.

  Here, the cylinder-by-cylinder fuel injection ratio control based on the calculated cylinder-by-cylinder intake amount has been described. However, in addition to the fuel injection ratio control of the present embodiment, the cylinder-by-cylinder fuel injection timing as shown in the first embodiment is used. By applying this, it is possible to further expand the controllable range of the intake air amount.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Air flow sensor 2 ... Electronically controlled throttle 3 ... In-cylinder direct injection injector (in-cylinder fuel injection means)
4 ... Spark plug 5 ... Variable valve (variable valve mechanism)
5a ... Intake valve variable device 5b ... Exhaust valve variable device 6 ... Intake pipe 7 ... Cylinder head 8 ... Exhaust pipe 9 ... Air-fuel ratio sensor 10 ... Three-way catalyst 11 ... Exhaust temperature sensor 12 ... Combustion chamber 13 ... Crank angle sensor 14 ... Coolant temperature sensor 15 ... intake air temperature sensor 16 ... accelerator opening sensor 17 ... intake port injector (fuel injection means in intake pipe)
20 ... ECU (control device)
100 ... Engine (multi-cylinder spark ignition internal combustion engine)
20a ... input circuit 20b ... input / output port 20c ... RAM
20d ... ROM
20e ... CPU
20f ... Electronically controlled throttle drive circuit 20g ... Injector drive circuit 20h ... Ignition output circuit 20j ... Variable valve drive circuit Vi ... Intake valve Vo ... Exhaust valve IVO ... Intake valve opening timing IVC ... Intake valve closing timing Lv ... Valve lift amount

Claims (11)

A control device for a multi-cylinder spark ignition type internal combustion engine having a variable valve mechanism and in-cylinder fuel injection means,
A fuel injection amount that is injected while the intake valve of the variable valve mechanism is open is changed for each cylinder based on an intake deviation amount that is a difference between an average intake amount between cylinders and an intake amount of each cylinder. A control apparatus for a multi-cylinder spark ignition internal combustion engine. Wherein the fuel injection timing mean fewer cylinders than the intake air amount between the intake air amount is the cylinder, the intake air amount is advancing is angularly than the fuel injection timing of more cylinders than the average intake air amount, the intake amount is the average 2. The multi-cylinder spark ignition type according to claim 1 , wherein a fuel injection amount injected while the intake valve is open is increased among fuel injection amounts injected into a cylinder smaller than an intake amount. Control device for internal combustion engine. Wherein the fuel injection timing average of more cylinders than the intake air amount between the intake air amount is the cylinder, the intake air amount is retarded than the fuel injection timing of the smaller cylinder than the average intake air amount, the intake amount is the average 3. The multi-cylinder spark according to claim 1 , wherein a fuel injection amount injected while the intake valve is open is reduced among a fuel injection amount injected into a cylinder larger than an intake air amount. 4. Control device for an ignition type internal combustion engine. The fuel injection timing of more cylinders than the average intake air amount between the intake air amount is the cylinder set after the intake valve closing timing,
Multi-cylinder spark ignition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the intake air amount is set in front of the average closing intake amount the intake valve of the fuel injection timing of the smaller cylinder than timing Control device for an internal combustion engine. An average intake amount calculating means for calculating an average intake amount between the cylinders based on a total intake amount of all the cylinders;
A cylinder intake air amount calculation means for calculating the intake air amount for each cylinder based on an average intake air amount between the cylinders is calculated by the average intake air amount calculation means,
Based on the average intake air amount between cylinders calculated by the average intake air amount calculating means and the intake air amount of each cylinder calculated by the intake air amount calculating means for each cylinder, the intake air amount of each cylinder is set to the average intake air amount. A cylinder-specific intake air increase / decrease amount calculating means for calculating an intake air increase / decrease amount necessary for adjustment;
Based on the intake air increase / decrease amount of each cylinder calculated by the cylinder-specific intake air increase / decrease calculation means and the intake valve closing timing, the intake valve open time fuel increase / decrease amount injected while the intake valve is open is calculated. Calculate for each cylinder, calculate the fuel injection timing correction amount based on the calculated fuel increase / decrease amount when the intake valve is opened, and control the fuel injection timing of each cylinder for each cylinder based on the fuel injection timing correction amount Fuel injection timing control means;
The control device for a multi-cylinder spark ignition internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , characterized by comprising: The cylinder-by-cylinder intake amount calculation means calculates the intake amount of each cylinder using an output of an air-fuel ratio sensor provided in an exhaust pipe and a fuel injection pulse signal sent to the in-cylinder fuel injection means. The control device for a multi-cylinder spark ignition type internal combustion engine according to claim 5 . The cylinder intake air amount calculation means, claim and calculates the intake air amount of each cylinder by using the output of the air flow sensor which is installed in the intake pipe and the output of the air-fuel ratio sensor which is installed in the exhaust pipe 5 A control device for a multi-cylinder spark ignition internal combustion engine according to claim 1. The multi-cylinder spark ignition internal combustion engine has intake pipe fuel injection means for injecting fuel into the intake pipe in addition to the variable valve mechanism and the cylinder fuel injection means ,
Based on the intake air amount of each cylinder, a fuel injection quantity injected from the intake pipe fuel injection means, the fuel injection rate is a ratio of the amount of fuel injected from the in-cylinder fuel injection mechanism for each cylinder The control device for a multi-cylinder spark ignition internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein control is performed. In the cylinder where the intake amount is larger than the average intake amount between the cylinders, the fuel injection ratio is controlled so as to increase the ratio of the fuel injection amount by the fuel injection means in the intake pipe,
Wherein in the smaller cylinder than the average intake air amount between the intake air amount of the cylinder, according to claim 8, wherein the controller controls the fuel injection rate to reduce the proportion of fuel injection amount by the intake pipe fuel injection means Control device for multi-cylinder spark ignition internal combustion engine. The control device for a multi-cylinder spark ignition type internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein the fuel injection control is performed when an operation condition is a low load operation region. The control device for a multi-cylinder spark ignition type internal combustion engine according to claim 10 , wherein the low load operation is a case where the maximum lift amount of the intake valve is 1.0 mm or less.

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