JP5036919B2 - スピン注入電極の製造方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims description 80
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 273
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 231
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 220
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 12
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 11
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 10
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- -1 oxygen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000298 Cellophane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 4
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004549 pulsed laser deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003184 C60 fullerene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PMVSDNDAUGGCCE-TYYBGVCCSA-L Ferrous fumarate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]C(=O)\C=C\C([O-])=O PMVSDNDAUGGCCE-TYYBGVCCSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005430 electron energy loss spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001291 heusler alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001451 molecular beam epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N50/00—Galvanomagnetic devices
- H10N50/01—Manufacture or treatment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/14—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates
- H01F41/30—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates for applying nanostructures, e.g. by molecular beam epitaxy [MBE]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F10/00—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure
- H01F10/08—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by magnetic layers
- H01F10/10—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by magnetic layers characterised by the composition
- H01F10/18—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by magnetic layers characterised by the composition being compounds
- H01F10/193—Magnetic semiconductor compounds
- H01F10/1936—Half-metallic, e.g. epitaxial CrO2 or NiMnSb films
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/14—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates
- H01F41/20—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates by evaporation
- H01F41/205—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates by evaporation by laser ablation, e.g. pulsed laser deposition [PLD]
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Hall/Mr Elements (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Semiconductor Memories (AREA)
Description
最初に、Science, vol.306, p.666-p.669 (2004)の記載を参考にして、グラフェン1を準備した。具体的には、1mm厚の高配向熱分解黒鉛(Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite:HOPG)にセロハン製粘着テープを押しつけて結晶片を剥離し、剥離した結晶片にセロハン製粘着テープを再度押しつけてその一部を剥離し、さらに薄片にした。得られた薄片に対して、セロハン製粘着テープを用いてその一部を剥離させる操作を複数回繰り返した後、セロハンテープ上のHOPGの薄片をサファイヤ製の基板上にこすりつけた。原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)を用いて評価した、サファイヤ基板上のグラフェン1の厚さは約1±0.5nm程度であった。これは、グラフェン数層の厚さに相当する。サファイヤ以外の材料から構成される基板であっても、薄片を配置する強度を有する基板であれば同じ結果が得られることを別途確認した。また、数μm程度の厚さを有するHOPGであれば基板を用いる必要がないことを別途確認した。次に、サファイヤ基板ごと、グラフェン1に対する水素中450℃の熱処理を30分実施した。この熱処理は、グラフェン1の表面に吸着した物質の影響を低減させることを目的とした。
実施例2では、印加する電気バイアスを変化させた場合における界面抵抗値の変化(抵抗変化比R/R0)を評価した。電気バイアスを印加するサファイヤ基板7、グラフェン1および鉄酸化物2の積層体は、実施例1と同様に作製した。
Claims (5)
- 多層のグラフェンと、前記グラフェンに接する強磁性体である、Fe3O4を含む鉄酸化物とを準備する第1のステップと;
前記グラフェンと前記鉄酸化物との間に、前記グラフェン側を正とする電圧または電流を印加して、
(a)前記グラフェンにおける前記鉄酸化物と接する部分を酸化させて酸化グラフェンとし、前記酸化グラフェンにより構成される障壁層を前記グラフェンと前記鉄酸化物との間に形成する、または
(b)前記グラフェンにおける前記鉄酸化物と接する部分、および前記鉄酸化物における前記グラフェンと接する部分に含まれるFe3O4を酸化させてそれぞれ酸化グラフェンおよびFe2O3とし、前記酸化グラフェンおよびFe2O3により構成される障壁層を前記グラフェンと前記鉄酸化物との間に形成する、ことにより、
前記グラフェンと、前記鉄酸化物と、前記グラフェンおよび前記鉄酸化物の界面に配置された前記障壁層とを備え、前記鉄酸化物から前記グラフェンへ前記障壁層を介してスピンを注入しうるスピン注入電極を形成する第2のステップと;
を含む、スピン注入電極の製造方法。 - 前記第2のステップにおいて、前記グラフェンと前記鉄酸化物との間にパルス状の電圧または電流を印加する請求項1に記載のスピン注入電極の製造方法。
- 前記第2のステップが、前記グラフェンと前記鉄酸化物との間に前記電圧または電流を印加する第1のサブステップ、前記グラフェンおよび前記鉄酸化物間の電気抵抗値の情報を含む電気信号を検出する第2のサブステップ、ならびに前記検出した電気信号が、前記電気抵抗値が所定の値に達したときに得られる電気信号であるか否かを検証する第3のサブステップを含み、
前記第2のステップにおいて、前記検出した電気信号が、前記電気抵抗値が所定の値に達したときに得られる電気信号となるまで、前記第1のサブステップ、前記第2のサブステップおよび前記第3のサブステップをこの順に繰り返す、請求項1に記載のスピン注入電極の製造方法。 - 前記第1のステップにおいて、Fe2O3をさらに含む前記鉄酸化物を準備する請求項1に記載のスピン注入電極の製造方法。
- 前記第1のステップにおいて、パルスレーザー堆積法を用いて前記グラフェンの表面に前記鉄酸化物を堆積させることにより、前記グラフェンと、前記グラフェンに接する強磁性体である前記鉄酸化物とを準備する請求項1に記載のスピン注入電極の製造方法。
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PCT/JP2011/006463 WO2012070217A1 (ja) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-21 | スピン注入電極の製造方法 |
JP2012513387A JP5036919B2 (ja) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-21 | スピン注入電極の製造方法 |
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JP5036919B2 true JP5036919B2 (ja) | 2012-09-26 |
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US (1) | US8778701B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5036919B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103125025B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012070217A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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KR20150045455A (ko) * | 2012-08-09 | 2015-04-28 | 도꾸리쯔교세이호징 가가꾸 기쥬쯔 신꼬 기꼬 | 스핀 모터 및 스핀 회전 부재 |
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JP5036921B2 (ja) * | 2010-11-22 | 2012-09-26 | パナソニック株式会社 | 酸化カーボン薄膜の製造方法および酸化カーボン薄膜を有する素子とその製造方法 |
WO2012070217A1 (ja) | 2010-11-22 | 2012-05-31 | パナソニック株式会社 | スピン注入電極の製造方法 |
JP6210929B2 (ja) * | 2014-04-23 | 2017-10-11 | 日置電機株式会社 | 判定装置および判定方法 |
CN105489398A (zh) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-04-13 | 上海应用技术学院 | 一种Fe2O3/石墨烯复合材料的制备方法 |
KR101869378B1 (ko) * | 2016-06-16 | 2018-06-20 | 광주과학기술원 | 산화 그라핀과 산화철의 적층구조를 저항층으로 사용한 비휘발성 메모리 소자 |
JP2018056389A (ja) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-04-05 | Tdk株式会社 | 磁気抵抗効果素子 |
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KR20150045455A (ko) * | 2012-08-09 | 2015-04-28 | 도꾸리쯔교세이호징 가가꾸 기쥬쯔 신꼬 기꼬 | 스핀 모터 및 스핀 회전 부재 |
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WO2012070217A1 (ja) | 2012-05-31 |
CN103125025B (zh) | 2015-08-05 |
JPWO2012070217A1 (ja) | 2014-05-19 |
US8778701B2 (en) | 2014-07-15 |
CN103125025A (zh) | 2013-05-29 |
US20130217151A1 (en) | 2013-08-22 |
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