JP5021025B2 - 水性懸濁液の処理 - Google Patents
水性懸濁液の処理 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5021025B2 JP5021025B2 JP2009511444A JP2009511444A JP5021025B2 JP 5021025 B2 JP5021025 B2 JP 5021025B2 JP 2009511444 A JP2009511444 A JP 2009511444A JP 2009511444 A JP2009511444 A JP 2009511444A JP 5021025 B2 JP5021025 B2 JP 5021025B2
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- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 103
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 97
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 59
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- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 34
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- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920003170 water-soluble synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
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- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002307 Dextran Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002086 dextran Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940105329 carboxymethylcellulose Drugs 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 50
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- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000003027 oil sand Substances 0.000 description 12
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- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229940047670 sodium acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- PQUXFUBNSYCQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,3-difluorophenyl)ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC(F)=C1F PQUXFUBNSYCQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 4
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000591 gum Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
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- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000012726 Water-in-Oil Emulsion Polymerization Methods 0.000 description 2
- NJSSICCENMLTKO-HRCBOCMUSA-N [(1r,2s,4r,5r)-3-hydroxy-4-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyloxy-6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-yl] 4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)O[C@H]1C(O)[C@@H](OS(=O)(=O)C=2C=CC(C)=CC=2)[C@@H]2OC[C@H]1O2 NJSSICCENMLTKO-HRCBOCMUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000536 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PUAQLLVFLMYYJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminopropiophenone Chemical compound CC(N)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PUAQLLVFLMYYJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004908 Emulsion polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002310 Welan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940117913 acrylamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003926 acrylamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006085 branching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RALSLOFDSXVHKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound ClC.OC(=O)C=C RALSLOFDSXVHKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000368 destabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012470 diluted sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011067 equilibration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002440 hydroxy compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000831 ionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FFQQCJGNKKIRMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl n-(3-hydroxyphenyl)carbamate Chemical compound COC(=O)NC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 FFQQCJGNKKIRMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012053 oil suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010908 plant waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000371 poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FJWSMXKFXFFEPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enamide;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.NC(=O)C=C FJWSMXKFXFFEPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-ene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC=C UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940032147 starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium Chemical compound [U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U] DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003176 water-insoluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940100445 wheat starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
- B09B3/21—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste using organic binders or matrix
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/008—Sludge treatment by fixation or solidification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/10—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from quarries or from mining activities
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
Description
i)水溶性合成ポリマーおよび
ii)水溶性天然または半天然ポリマー
を含む固化量の処理システムとを混合することによって、移送の間の該懸濁液の流動性を維持しつつ、固化を改善する、方法を提供する。
サンプル1および13−固体グレードポリマーの水性溶液の調製物
均一であることを確実にするために、固体ポリマーサンプルを混合した。清潔な乾燥した8オンス容ボトル内へ、所要のポリマーの重量を正確に計量した。ディスペンサーから必要量のアセトンを添加し、そして穏やかに撹拌して、全てのポリマーを湿らした。ディスペンサーから必要量の脱イオン水を添加した。栓を締め、ポリマーが互いにくっついたり、ボトル側面へくっついたりするのを防ぐために、ポリマーが溶液全体に完全に分配され、かつ充分に膨張するまで、それを徹底的に振盪した。ポリマーが塊になるかボトルにくっつく場合には、全調製手順を繰り返さす必要がある。瓶をタンブラーにしっかりと固定し、そして所要の溶解時間の間、回転させた。
1.撹拌機モーター速度をゼロまたは可能な限り最低の速度へ設定した。
2.メイクアップ容器(makeup vessel)中にメイクアップ水(makeup water)を計量した。
3.使用される容器中に所要のポリマーを計量し、±0.01gまたは1%のどちらかより大きい方の精度とした。
4.水を含有するメイクアップ容器を、撹拌機モーターの下に設置し、それを所定の位置に固定した。
5.好適な撹拌子を選択しそして設置した。
6.撹拌機モーターのスイッチを入れて渦が形成されるまで撹拌速度を徐々に速め、これは、撹拌機ブレードの上部の上約1ブレード厚で停止した。
7.一定速度で渦の肩の上にポリマーを徐々に振り入れる。
8.いったん粒子が完全に湿り、そして溶液粘性が現れると(渦の周りのしぶきの度合いの減少によって検知可能)、全体の溶液の連続的な動きからわかるような有効な撹拌のために渦が最小となるように、撹拌機速度を遅くした。
9.ポリマーが完全に溶解されるまで(実験室では、通常2時間)、溶液をこの速度で撹拌したままにした。いったんこの時間が経過すると、ポリマー溶液は使用準備ができた。
サンプル1の溶液を、0.5% 重量対重量ストック溶液として調製し、そして使用前に0.25% 重量対重量溶液へさらに希釈した。
20% 重量対容積チャイナクレイおよび砂の3:7重量対重量乾燥固形分スラリーの280mlアリコートを、各試験について使用した。砂を、使用前に、110℃で予め乾燥しそして500±90μm粒度で篩い分けした。チャイナクレイと砂とのこの組み合わせは、微細なクレイ基材とより粗大な粒子とを組み合わせて含む典型的な鉱山廃棄物を示すものとして用いられた。
粗大なサンドペーパーのシートが裏打ちされた、ペイントローラートレイ上へ、63mmの高さおよび直径の堅い環(collar)を配置することによって、スランプ場(slump site)を準備した。
希釈されたサンプル1を、数回の分けてスラリーへ添加し、そして一連のビーカー注入(beaker pour)によって分配した。
処理されたスラリーを環になみなみと充填し、そして平らにした。
スラリーが外側へ崩れることを可能にする速度で、環をトレイから垂直に取り除き、そして一方の端に配置して、過剰なスラリーがスランプ上へ落下するのを避けた。
スランプが形成された直後、ストップウォッチを開始させた。
得られたスランプの直径ならびに端部および中心の両方での高さを記録した。
スランプ寸法を記録した後、ペイントトレイを1インチ傾け、ペイントトレイのトラフにおける遊離液体の効果的な流出および収集を可能にした。
遊離液体を10分後に注射器によって収集し、次いで、定量のために予め計量しておいたボトルへ移した。
水質を濁度計で測定した。スランプ角(slump angle)を、下記の計算式を使用して算出した:
例1に記載の方法によって、一連の天然ポリマーを試験し、そしてサンプル1と比較した。
例2における多くの天然ポリマーはサンプル1よりも遥かに低い分子量を有したので、より低い分子量の合成ポリマーサンプル13を例1の通りに試験し、それが同一の効果を与えるか見た。
いくつかの天然ポリマーを連続して、サンプル1と混合し、200:100g/tおよび100:50g/tのサンプル1:天然ポリマーとし、そして例1の通り試験した。30ビーカー注入を各試験において使用した。
例1の通り、サンプル4をサンプル1と100:50g/tで組み合わせて、種々の比率で、そしてある範囲のビーカー注入にわたって試験した。
他方の添加前の一方のポリマーの混合の評価
75:75g/tの投与量での下記の組み合わせを試験した。
サンプル1:サンプル4
サンプル4:サンプル1
即ち:
5/5
10/10
15/15
20/20
サンプル1:サンプル4の組み合わせを使用して良好な結果が得られたので、イオン特性および置換度を変えた他のセルロース誘導体とサンプル4と同様なアニオン性度の非セルロース誘導体とを評価し、それらが同一の効果または改善されたを与えるかどうかをみた。例1に記載の方法を使用するが、例6のように水を回収した。
セルロース変形体(variant)は、ポリマーの特質が、相乗的処理を最適化することにおいて影響を及ぼすことを示している。
天然/合成50:50投与
例1に記載の方法のとおり、石炭尾鉱基材(乾燥固形分−36.3%)について、種々の天然ポリマーを、690:690g/tでサンプル22と組み合わせて試験した。
例1に記載の方法のように、25:75および75:25の組み合わせ比で、例8におけるのと同一の石炭尾鉱基材に対し、最も良好な性能を示している天然ポリマー5個を試験した。
例1に記載の方法のとおり、鉱物砂採掘廃棄物基材(砂固形分−52.6% 重量対重量、スライム固形分−27.8% 重量対重量)について、種々の天然ポリマーを、10:10g/tでサンプル26と組み合わせて試験した。
天然/合成ポリマー50:50投与量組み合わせでの評価
例1に記載の方法のとおり、アルミナ赤泥スーパーシックナー(super thickener)基材(乾燥重量−46.73%)について、種々の天然ポリマーを、134:134g/tでサンプル24と組み合わせて試験した。
天然/合成50:50投与量
水放出が必要条件である、より低いスラリー濃度での状態を代表する、20%固形分へ希釈した上記のアルミナ赤泥スーパーシックナー基材に対し、469:469g/tで、種々の天然ポリマーをサンプル24と組み合わせて試験した。例1に記載の試験方法を使用した。
Claims (10)
- 水性媒体中に分散された粒状材料を含む懸濁液を、流体として堆積区域へ移送し、次いで、放置して固化させる方法であって、移送の間、該懸濁液と、以下:
i)少なくとも3dl/gの固有粘度を有し、(メタ)アクリル酸もしくはその塩または(メタ)アクリル酸もしくはその塩と(メタ)アクリルアミドとの組み合わせから形成されたアニオン性ポリマーである、水溶性合成ポリマーおよび
ii)グアーガム、アルギン酸ナトリウム、カルボキシメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、ヒドロキシメチルセルロース、デキストラン、アニオン性デンプンおよびランサンガムからなる群より選ばれる水溶性天然または半天然ポリマー
を含む固化量の処理システムとを混合することによって、移送の間の該懸濁液の流動性を維持しつつ、固化を改善し、水溶性合成ポリマーおよび水溶性天然または半天然ポリマーが、各々、材料固形分1トン当り10グラム〜10,000グラムの投与量であり、そして該懸濁液がクレイ鉱物懸濁液、石炭尾鉱、鉱物砂および赤泥から選ばれる分散された粒状材料を含む、方法。 - 粒状材料の懸濁液が、導管に沿ってそして出口を通って堆積区域へ移送される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 堆積区域へ移送された粒状材料の懸濁液が、放置時に水性液体を放出する、請求項1または2記載の方法。
- 粒状材料の懸濁液が、堆積区域に到達すると、以前に固化された材料の表面上に流れ、ここで、該材料を放置して固化させ、スタックを形成する、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 粒状材料の懸濁液を、導管を通してそれをポンプ輸送することによって移送し、そしてポリマーを該ポンプ輸送段階の後に添加する、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 粒状材料の懸濁液を、導管を通してそれをポンプ輸送することによって移送し、そしてポリマーをポンプ輸送段階の間または前に添加する、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 粒状材料の懸濁液を、出口を有する導管を通して移送し、ポリマーを、それが該出口を出る際に、該懸濁液へ添加する、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 粒状鉱物材料の懸濁液を、出口を有する導管を通して移送し、ポリマーを、それが該出口を出る前に、該出口の10メートル以内で、該懸濁液へ添加する、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 合成ポリマーおよび天然または半天然ポリマーを水溶液で添加する、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 合成ポリマーおよび天然または半天然ポリマーを粒子の形態で添加する、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項記載の方法。
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- 2007-05-04 US US12/227,038 patent/US7875188B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-05-04 EP EP07728794A patent/EP2021135A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-05-04 JP JP2009511444A patent/JP5021025B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-05-04 MX MX2008014564A patent/MX2008014564A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2007-05-04 EA EA200802252A patent/EA015587B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-05-17 PE PE2007000604A patent/PE20080536A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-05-18 AR ARP070102156A patent/AR061022A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
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2008
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CA2651440A1 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
BRPI0711946A2 (pt) | 2011-12-13 |
BRPI0711946A8 (pt) | 2017-12-26 |
CA2651440C (en) | 2014-08-19 |
PE20080536A1 (es) | 2008-04-29 |
EP2021135A1 (en) | 2009-02-11 |
GB0610003D0 (en) | 2006-06-28 |
CN101448583B (zh) | 2012-09-05 |
AP2008004653A0 (en) | 2008-10-31 |
EA200802252A1 (ru) | 2009-06-30 |
EA015587B1 (ru) | 2011-10-31 |
AU2007253484B2 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
MX2008014564A (es) | 2008-11-27 |
AR061022A1 (es) | 2008-07-30 |
ZA200809051B (en) | 2009-05-27 |
WO2007134957A1 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
UA93908C2 (uk) | 2011-03-25 |
AU2007253484A1 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
BRPI0711946B1 (pt) | 2018-01-30 |
JP2009537315A (ja) | 2009-10-29 |
US7875188B2 (en) | 2011-01-25 |
CN101448583A (zh) | 2009-06-03 |
US20100006510A1 (en) | 2010-01-14 |
AP2716A (en) | 2013-07-31 |
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