JP5007899B2 - Portable heat transfer device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a portable heat transfer device for supplying heat to an external heat load such as a heater or a heating garment, which has an energy source and can be used outdoors where it is difficult to supply power and gas. Is.

  Conventionally, gas stoves, hoods, etc. are widely used as portable heaters used outdoors and the like. However, these things were inconvenient because they only warmed a part of the body and could not control the warmth. In addition, heating clothes, mats, and the like in which electric resistors that generate heat by electric energy from the battery are dispersed inside are put into practical use. However, these devices still have a high mass energy density of the battery and cannot supply energy necessary for heating for a sufficient time.

In order to solve these problems, there is known a garment in which LPG is used as an energy source, LPG is burned by a catalyst to extract heat, and this is heated by air convection. (For example, refer to Patent Document 2.) However, since it is difficult to carry heat to every corner only by air convection, a thermoelectric conversion element is incorporated in the combustion device as described above, and the heat medium circulation device is driven by this electromotive force. Heating devices are also known. (For example, refer to Patent Document 3.)
On the other hand, the present inventor has already proposed a portable heat transfer device that incorporates a heat-driven pump into a catalytic combustion device and circulates a heated liquid. (See Patent Document 1.)

By the way, the catalytic combustion method of the combustor employed exclusively in the apparatus disclosed in the above publication is a tough combustion reaction that is not interrupted even when wind blows or the mixing ratio of fuel and air changes slightly. It has the feature of being able to burn at a lower temperature than flame combustion. However, when the reaction is performed for a long time near the theoretical mixing ratio, there is a problem that the combustion temperature becomes too high for the catalyst and gradually deteriorates.
In order to prevent this, the reaction is carried out with the theoretical mixing ratio removed. However, if the fuel is removed in the direction of increasing the fuel concentration, the ignitability is improved and the handling becomes easier, but incomplete combustion results in wasteful use of fuel and odor. Exhaust gas will be discharged. On the other hand, if the fuel is removed in the direction of thinning, complete combustion occurs and fuel is not wasted, and the exhaust gas is also cleaned. However, there is a limit to air suction using a powerless Venturi tube to cover the relatively large amount of air. In particular, the catalyst must have a large contact area with the air-fuel mixture, which increases the resistance of the flow path and requires means such as introducing air by turning a fan with an external power source, such as a battery, in addition to the gas jet power. Therefore, the portable device has a complicated and large-scale sway.

Japanese Patent No. 3808127 JP-A-9-126423 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-116265

In view of such a situation, the present invention aims to downsize the entire apparatus by burning LPG and driving a heat-driven pump with the heat to heat the liquid and transmit it to an external heat load. In order to ensure the control and safety of the combustion state and gas supply required for this type of equipment, the electromotive force is generated by passing the heat through the thermoelectric conversion element incorporated in the device, and this power is used. The purpose is to operate the control device.

That is, the present invention is a gas / air mixing device that includes a gas supply device including an LPG cylinder, a gas injection nozzle and a venturi tube that work with the gas, and has a mixing ratio adjustment mechanism for starting. A combustor for burning an air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber, one or more heat collectors surrounding the combustor and providing a space between the combustors , a heat-driven pump, and a high temperature side as a heat collector A thermoelectric conversion element having a side bonded to a heat-driven pump and a control device, and the liquid heated by the heat generated in the combustor is transmitted to the heat load through the liquid circuit by the heat-driven pump, and the thermoelectric conversion element The gist of the portable heat transfer device is that the control device is operated by the electric power generated in the above.

Further, the present invention is characterized by using a combustor containing a porous solid radiation converter for partially converting thermal energy of combustion exhaust generated by combustion in the combustion chamber into radiation energy. The The present invention further provided with a suction hole windbreak plate suction hole outside the vicinity of the air inlet duct in the gas-air mixture apparatus, exhaust hole exhaust hole outside the vicinity of the exhaust da click preparative provided downstream of the combustion unit A windbreak plate is provided, and the air intake holes and the air exhaust holes are spaced apart from each other in the same direction of the apparatus. It is characterized by incorporating a heat exchange function.
Furthermore, the present invention is characterized by incorporating a control device that is driven by the electric power of the thermoelectric conversion element and monitors the temperature of the collector, and acts on the gas supply device to shut off the gas when necessary. . The present invention is also characterized in that a power source for temporarily operating the control device is incorporated, and further provided with a state indicator for displaying the state of combustion controlled by the control device. It is what.

(Action)
In the present invention, LPG is mixed with a gas / air mixing device and flame-combusted with a combustor. However, a high temperature side is disposed on a heat collector that surrounds the combustor and has a space between the combustor. Since the thermoelectric conversion element in which the low temperature side is joined to the heat-driven pump is incorporated in the heat collector, the temperature of the liquid can be raised by heating with the heat-driven pump and the heat can be transmitted to an external heat load, and the above Electric power can be generated by the thermoelectric conversion element, and the control device can be operated by this electric power.

FIG. 1 shows a first reference embodiment showing a basic configuration of the portable heat transfer device of the present invention, and shows the configuration in a block diagram.
In the figure, a large rectangular frame indicates the entire main body of the portable heat transfer device A, and blocks in this indicate the respective devices constituting the present invention, and between each block, gas, air, liquid, etc. to be used are shown. They are connected by arrows indicating the flow of matter, heat, and electricity.

The gas supply device B of the portable heat transfer device A of the present invention comprises a gas cylinder and its attachment / detachment device, a gas opening / closing lever, a pressure regulator, a gas opening / closing valve, a gas pipe, and the like. C is supplied at a constant pressure. The gas / air mixing device C having a mixing ratio adjustment mechanism for starting is composed of a gas ejection nozzle, a venturi pipe, an intake duct, a throttle valve, a diffuser, and the like, and the supplied gas is blown into the venturi pipe from the nozzle. With the negative pressure generated, outside air is introduced into the ejector through the intake duct and throttle valve, and gas and air are sent to the diffuser. The diffuser mixes gas and air at a reduced speed. Yes.
The pressure of the air-fuel mixture thus obtained becomes slightly higher than the atmospheric pressure because the velocity energy is converted into pressure energy in the diffuser. This pressure difference becomes a driving force for discharging the air-fuel mixture through the combustor and the exhaust duct.

The next combustor D includes a porous solid radiant converter for partially converting the combustion exhaust energy generated by combustion in the flame combustion type combustion chamber into radiant energy. The combustor D is made of a material having high heat resistance and heat insulation, such as ceramics, and high heat ray radiation. A large number of holes are provided on the upper surface of the combustor and penetrate to the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber is partly or wholly configured to be flat, and the above-described hole is formed through the surface of the combustion chamber, which is a flame hole. A flame is formed slightly downstream of the flame hole, and a porous solid radiation converter is installed further downstream of the flame. Since it is configured in this manner, the high-temperature exhaust gas can promote combustion of the air-fuel mixture by returning a part of the energy to the inside of the combustion chamber, and can hold the flame in the combustion chamber. With the above configuration, in-vessel combustion with an atmospheric pressure burner that has been possible only with catalytic combustion until now is possible, and it is possible to continuously burn even a mixture that is much hotter and thinner than catalytic combustion. It became possible.
The porous solid radiation converter removes a part of the heat energy from the exhaust gas, so the temperature of the exhaust gas is slightly reduced. It gets hotter.
The heat collecting body E installed surrounding the combustor collects heat from the combustor D and is generally made of a good heat conductor such as copper.

When the heat generated in the combustion chamber is collected by the heat collector E and passed through a thermoelectric conversion element T, which will be described later, and transmitted to the heat-driven pump F, the heated liquid becomes the liquid circulation circuit G. Is transmitted to an external heat load H. This heat-driven pump F can be used as a general one, and is equipped with a recess for the liquid heating part, a condenser tube, a gas-liquid exchange chamber, a suction side and a discharge side check valve in the heat-driven pump, and generation of vapor bubbles. The cycle of condensing-discharging the heated liquid-condensing-extinguishing the vapor bubbles-introducing the liquid from the outside is repeated, thereby exerting the function of heating the liquid and the pump.

Further, the thermoelectric conversion element T is arranged such that the high temperature side is joined to the heat collector E and the low temperature side is joined to the thermal drive pump F. The heat generated in the high-temperature combustor D is collected by the heat collector E, passes through the thermoelectric conversion element T, and is transmitted to the low-temperature heat-driven pump F. At this time, an electromotive force is generated in the thermoelectric conversion element T. At this time, it is preferable that the thermoelectric conversion elements are bonded to each other on the other side.

As described above, in this reference embodiment , LPG is burned by the flame combustion type combustor D to generate stable heat in a high temperature state, and this heat is collected by the heat collector E to be thermally driven pump F. Is a portable heat transfer device that performs heat transfer by simultaneously driving an electromotive force by the thermoelectric conversion element T and thereby operating the control device I. In addition, it can be used very efficiently by acting on both the circulation and the generation of electromotive force, and the entire apparatus can be downsized, and it has excellent handling characteristics and portability.

Further, in this reference embodiment , a safety function is incorporated using a part of the electric power generated in the thermoelectric conversion element T. That is, driven by the electric power of the thermoelectric conversion element T, the temperature of the heat collector E is monitored by the temperature sensor J, and when the temperature of the heat collector becomes equal to or higher than the set temperature , the gas supply device B is acted on. A control device I for shutting off the gas is incorporated. This control device I monitors the temperature of this portion with a temperature sensor J attached to the heat collector E, and when the temperature of the heat collector E becomes equal to or higher than the set temperature, it works on the gas supply device B to supply gas. Shut off. Further, even when the flame of the combustor D disappears due to some cause, the temperature of the heat collecting body E becomes equal to or lower than another set temperature, so that the gas is shut off.
By incorporating such a control device I, it is possible to prevent failures due to abnormal combustion and to ensure safety.

Further, in the figure, a status display device K such as a liquid crystal display connected to the control device I is provided, and the control status in the control device I and further the operating status of the portable heat transfer device A can be displayed. Therefore, the convenience of the heat transfer device can be improved, and further, an abnormality display or the like can be displayed, which contributes to ensuring safety.

Further, in the above reference embodiment , a battery power source L is incorporated in the control device I. This is for temporarily supplying electricity to the control device I when starting the heat transfer device. There is an effect that the thermoelectric conversion element T plays a role of linking until a sufficient electromotive force is generated.

FIG. 2 shows a second reference embodiment for more specifically explaining the portable heat transfer device of the present invention. This apparatus basically has a gas supply apparatus B including an LPG cylinder, a gas / air mixing apparatus C having a gas injection nozzle and a venturi tube and having a mixing ratio adjusting mechanism for starting, as in the above example. A combustor D containing a porous radiation converter for partially converting the combustion exhaust energy generated by combustion in the combustion chamber into radiation energy, a heat collector E, a thermoelectric conversion element T, and a heat-driven pump It consists of F.
Among them, the gas supply device B includes a pressure regulator 9 having a knob 10 at the top, and a gas cylinder 8 filled with LPG and connected via a gas opening / closing lever 6 and a gas opening / closing valve 7. Further, a gas shutoff valve 22 and a button 23 for operating the gas shutoff valve 22 are provided in a passage between the outlet and a gas / air mixing device C described later.

On the other hand, the gas / air mixing device C is integrated with a combustor D, which will be described later, but includes an intake duct 1 provided with an intake hole 1 ′ and a gas ejection nozzle 2 provided through the intake duct 1. The venturi tube 3 and the diffuser 11 are connected to the downstream side, and the downstream end faces the inlet of the combustor D. In the figure, 4 is a throttle valve for adjusting the air intake amount, and 5 is a lever for operating the throttle valve.

The operation of the gas supply device B and the gas / air mixing device C will be described. When the gas on / off lever 6 of the gas supply device is operated to open the gas on / off valve 7, the LPG from the gas cylinder 8 is fixed at a constant pressure by the pressure regulator 9. Then, the gas is supplied to the gas ejection nozzle 2. The inner diameter of the gas supply nozzle 2, for example, a diameter of about 40 micrometers to 60 micrometers, the pressure applied to the nozzle suitably ^{2.9 × 10 4 Pa~19.6 × 10 4} Pa gauge圧位, pressure regulators The knob 10 is turned to adjust the pressure. The gas sucks air from the intake duct 1 with the ejector of the Venturi tube 3 and mixes with air while reducing the speed with the diffuser 11. The air-fuel mixture thus formed can be changed in the mixing ratio by operating the lever 5 and adjusting the opening of the throttle valve 4. A dark mixing ratio is necessary at the time of ignition, but a mixing ratio slightly lower than the theoretical mixing ratio is preferable during steady operation without incomplete combustion.
The mixing ratio adjusting mechanism according to the present invention is convenient and convenient by limiting the amount of air as in the above-described example. However, the mixing ratio can be increased by increasing the gas supply amount while maintaining the amount of air. You can also. In this case, another gas nozzle may be provided in the diffuser, connected by a pressure regulator and piping, and a gas on-off valve may be installed between them. In this case, the gas nozzle is installed at the downstream portion of the diffuser so as to be ejected in a direction substantially orthogonal to the flow, and contributes to the mixing of gas and air without affecting the air suction. .

The combustor includes a combustor D having a combustion chamber 12 and a heat collector E made of a good heat conductor such as aluminum surrounding the combustor D. The combustor D has a large number of spaced holes 15 that open to the flat surface 13 and function as flame holes 14 on the upstream side of the combustion chamber 12. The combustion chamber 12 has a very small internal volume of, for example, 10 cc or less. A spark plug 16 is provided that extends into the combustion chamber 12 for ignition.

  Further, the combustor D is provided with a porous solid radiation converter 17 for partially converting the combustion exhaust energy generated by combustion in the combustion chamber into radiation energy at the outlet of the combustion chamber 12, and this porous solid radiation conversion. As the body 17, for example, a wire net knitted from a heat-resistant metal wire having a diameter of about 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm is used.

First, for ignition, the throttle valve 4 is adjusted by the lever 5 to reduce the amount of air, so that the air-fuel mixture set to a dense eye is ejected from the numerous holes 15 of the combustor D into the combustion chamber 12. The air-fuel mixture ejected from the hole 15 creates a vortex near the exit due to the rapidly expanding flat surface 13. Next, the air-fuel mixture explodes by the spark of the spark plug 16, ignites the vortex, and the flame from the flame hole 14 is united to form one flame surface 18, and is stabilized near the flat surface 13. The wall temperature of the combustion chamber 12 rises due to combustion, and this heat also warms the upper part of the flame hole 14, thereby preheating the air-fuel mixture, thereby increasing the combustion speed of the air-fuel mixture. On the other hand, the high-temperature exhaust gas due to combustion has a thin wire mesh wire diameter constituting the porous solid radiation conversion body 17 for partially converting the combustion exhaust energy generated by combustion in the combustion chamber 12 into radiation energy. The heat capacity is small and the temperature rises immediately and reaches several hundred degrees, and radiant energy is radiated in all directions as electromagnetic waves. Part of the radiant energy heats the upstream side, that is, the flame surface, and combustion is greatly accelerated. The position of the porous solid radiation conversion body 17 in the combustion chamber 12 is also important. If it is too far from the flame surface, the effect of thermal radiation is reduced. Conversely, if it is too close to the flame surface 18, flame formation upon ignition I found out that I could not. Therefore, it is appropriate to install the porous solid radiation conversion body 17 at a distance of about 5 mm to 15 mm from the flat surface 13 of the combustion chamber 12. In this way, the heat energy of the exhaust gas can be heated back to the flame in the form of radiation energy. Since the air-fuel mixture is strongly heated, the combustion rate gradually increases. It is necessary to maintain this state for a while. This is until the temperature of the porous solid radiation converter 17 and the combustor D generated by the combustion in the combustion chamber 12 rises and the combustion function is exhibited. Is the heating time. Thereafter, when the lever 5 is moved to increase the opening of the throttle valve 4 and air is introduced, the flow rate of the air-fuel mixture increases and the flow velocity in the combustion chamber 12 increases. If it is a normal combustion chamber, it will blow away to the flame surface downstream here. However, since the air-fuel mixture heated by preheating and heat reflux has a combustion speed corresponding to this flow velocity, the air-fuel mixture is held in the combustion chamber 12 in a stable state without being blown off, and flame holding is achieved. Since the air-fuel mixture is slightly air-excessive than the theoretical mixing ratio, the combustion is completely burned and a lot of heat energy is generated, and the mixture is recirculated and preheated, so the stability of the flame increases. By increasing the combustion speed of the flame in this way, a large amount of gas can be burned in the small combustion chamber 12, so that it can be made smaller than the catalytic combustor of the same output, and as a combustor of a portable heat transfer device It ’s the best one.

The heat generated in the combustion chamber 12 is collected by the heat collector E surrounding the combustor D, and is transmitted to the high temperature side of the thermoelectric conversion element T in close contact therewith. On the other hand, the heating unit 19 of the thermally driven pump F is in close contact with the low temperature side of the thermoelectric conversion element T. The pipe 21 forms a circuit by connecting the heat-driven pump F and an external heat load H, and the inside is filled with a liquid. The heat is transmitted from the high temperature side of the thermoelectric conversion element T to the low temperature side, and is transmitted to the heating unit 19 of the heat driven pump F that is in close contact therewith. At this time, heat passes through the thermoelectric conversion element T to generate thermoelectromotive force, which is introduced to the control device I by the lead wire 20. On the other hand, the liquid is repeatedly boiled and condensed in a conical depression (illustrated by a dotted line) inside the heating section 19 of the heat-driven pump F, and the pump is operated and the liquid is heated and circulated through the pipe 21. it can. Thus, the heat generated in the combustor D is transmitted to the heat collector E, the thermoelectric conversion element T, and the heat drive pump F, and is transferred to the external heat load H.

The wire mesh used as the porous solid radiant converter 17 in the combustion chamber 12 of the present invention is effective even more and becomes more effective when a plurality of sheets are stacked, but if it is too much, the channel resistance increases. For this reason, it is necessary to determine the balance with the intake air amount in the case of an incompressible atmospheric pressure burner. Moreover, the coarseness of the wire mesh is the same, and about 80 to 40 is preferable. Furthermore, by applying ceramic coating on the metal, it is effective for the wire mesh because it prevents wear due to heat and the ceramic has good radiation ability. Further, foamed ceramics may be used instead of the wire mesh.

  The thermoelectric conversion element T used in the present invention is an element that converts a part of heat energy into electric energy by utilizing a thermoelectromotive force, that is, a so-called Xebec effect generated on a joining surface of different metals by heat. When a loop is formed and one of the two joint surfaces is heated and the other is cooled, an electromotive force is generated at each joint surface and a current flows in the loop. For example, it is known that other metals are added to the tellurium / lead alloy as a metal to form P-type and N-type semiconductors, and a high thermoelectromotive force is generated at these joint surfaces. Are joined by plate-like electrodes to obtain a joint surface. Then, it is only necessary to use one of the plurality of joined surfaces connected in series with the high temperature side and the other surface at the low temperature side. In general, a thin ceramic is used to cover the joint surface for insulation.

In this reference embodiment , a part of the electric power generated from the thermoelectric conversion element T is taken out by the lead wire 20 and supplied to the control device I and also supplied to the status indicator K. The control device I monitors the temperature of the heat collector E by the temperature sensor J and determines that it is overheated when the temperature exceeds a set value, and stops supplying electricity to the gas shutoff valve 22 provided in the gas supply device B. ing. The gas cutoff valve 22 is a valve that allows gas to pass only when energized by an electromagnet, and is always energized during operation of the present control device I. When the button 23 is pushed in the direction of the arrow, the valve is attracted to the electromagnet and the valve is opened.
Next, when the flame goes out for some reason, it is judged that the temperature of the heat collecting body E is less than another set value when the fire goes off from the combustion state, and that the temperature goes down. The device I blocks the passage to the gas cutoff valve 22. In the case of an ignition error, if the temperature of the heat collector E does not rise within a certain time (30 to 60 seconds) after the power switch 24 is turned on, it is determined that the ignition error has occurred, and the gas shut-off valve 22 is turned on. Energization is also stopped.
The power supply L supplies electricity to the control device I when the switch 24 is turned on with a battery. The switch 24 is mechanically connected to the gas opening / closing lever 6 by a link mechanism, and the switch 24 is turned on when the gas opening / closing valve 7 is opened.
As described above, when the control device I, the status indicator K, and the power source L are incorporated, failure due to combustion abnormality can be prevented in advance and abnormality display can be performed, so that the safety of the apparatus can be improved, and further, these controls In addition, the display can be stably performed.

FIG. 3 shows a part of the first embodiment of the present invention. For example, another configuration in which the configuration centering on the combustion portion of the second reference mode shown in FIG. 2 is replaced with the configuration of FIG. It is shown. In this embodiment, a single heat collector E is used, and this heat collector E is made of a good thermal conductor such as aluminum, and completely surrounds the combustor D and has a space between it and the combustor D. It is the dimension shape which constitutes. The combination of both is performed only by the heat insulating material seal 25 arranged so as to surround the upper part of the combustor D into which the air-fuel mixture enters. A large number of holes 28 and 29 constituting the upstream heat exchange section 26 and the downstream heat exchange section 27 are formed in the heat collector E, respectively. The upstream heat exchange section 26 is coupled to the venturi tube 3 with a heat insulating material seal 25.
In the combustion chamber 12, a porous solid radiation converter 17 for partially converting the combustion exhaust energy generated by combustion in the combustion chamber into radiant energy is disposed at the outlet, as in the reference embodiment of FIG. Yes.

In the above embodiment, since the heat insulation layer of air is formed between the combustor D and the heat collector E, the heat of the combustor D is exclusively collected by the heat collector E at the upstream and downstream heat exchange portions 26 and 27. The heat generated in the combustion chamber 12 in the combustion state is not transferred to the heat collector E by heat transfer through the wall of the combustor D. Therefore, combustion becomes more accelerated because the combustor D itself has a higher temperature than the second embodiment of FIG. In addition, the mixture preheating is performed in two stages with the addition of the upstream heat exchange section 26, and the flame in the combustion chamber 12 is more stable and less likely to blow off. Further, since the high-temperature exhaust gas is recovered by the downstream heat exchanging portion 27 and absorbed by the thermoelectric conversion element T, it becomes lower than the second embodiment, and as a result, a lot of heat is transferred to the thermoelectric conversion element T without waste. There is an advantage that it can be supplied and further stabilization of the flame can be achieved.
The combustor D used in the first embodiment is preferably formed of heat-resistant ceramics having excellent radiation ability, but a heat-resistant metal such as stainless steel can be used sufficiently.

Figure 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention a portable heat transfer apparatus. In this embodiment, in addition to the above-described embodiments, functions of miniaturization of thermoelectric conversion elements, multilayering of heat collectors, efficient use of exhaust heat, and flame extinction prevention are further added.
Among them, the thermoelectric conversion element T is downsized. However, in the present invention, the heat transfer to the external heat load H is performed independently by the heat-driven pump F, so that power supply from the thermoelectric conversion element T is unnecessary. . Since the generated electric power is exclusively used for the operation of the control device I, a small thermoelectric conversion element T is sufficient. This makes it possible to reduce the size around the combustor D, to reduce the size of the combustion part including the heat collector E, and to reduce the heat loss that increases in proportion to the surface area as much as possible.

Next, regarding the multilayering of the heat collector E, a space is provided outside the combustor D based on the same idea as in the third embodiment, and the first heat collector 30 surrounds the collected heat, and the collected heat is converted into a thermoelectric conversion element. Pour into the hot side of T. A space is provided outside the second heat collector 31 and surrounds it. A third heat collecting body 32 is provided outside the second heat collecting body 31 so as to cover the entire heating section 19 of the combustion section and the heat-driven pump F after providing a space in the same manner. In the figure, reference numeral 25 denotes a heat insulating material seal for supporting the combustor D and holding the space between the first heat collector 31 and the second heat collector 32.
Here, the first heat collector 30 is made of a good heat conductor such as copper, for example, because it reaches a high temperature, and is in close contact with the high temperature side of the thermoelectric conversion element T to transmit heat.
On the other hand, the second heat collecting body 31 is made of a good heat conductor such as aluminum, and is attached to the third heat collecting body 32 with a space therebetween, and the inner side surface thereof is on the low temperature side of the thermoelectric conversion element T and the outer side surface. Are in close contact with the heating unit 19 of the heat-driven pump F, respectively. Since this is the case, the heat-driven pump F has a high heat absorption capability, and when the temperature of the second heat collector 31 rises, it absorbs this, so that the pump action becomes active and the liquid discharge amount increases. For this reason, even if the gas flow rate increases and the calorific value in the combustor D increases, the temperature of the second heat collecting body 31 does not increase so much and is usually in the range of 110 ° C to 130 ° C. Although the temperature of the first heat collector 30 varies greatly depending on the gas flow rate, the value is expected to be higher by 150 ° C. to 250 ° C. than the second heat collector 31 depending on the size of the thermoelectric conversion element T. It is. Since the heat transfer conversion element T generates power at this temperature difference, the output increases or decreases according to the gas flow rate. The first heat collector 30 and the second heat collector 31 have a large number of holes and serve as a heat exchanger that absorbs the heat of the exhaust gas.
The third heat collecting body 32 is provided with a water jacket structure that is hollow inside and filled with the liquid 33 at the side portion, and the liquid cooled by the external heat load H is introduced into the third heat collecting body 32 so that the internal combustion section and The heat radiation from the heat driven pump F is absorbed. The liquid 33 is then led to a main heat exchanger 34 provided on the downstream side, and heated by exhaust gas (about 100 ° C.) from the second heat collector 31. At this time, the temperature of the exhaust gas is lowered to about 50 ° C., a large amount of water vapor is condensed, and latent heat is transferred to the liquid to be drained and stored in the lower drain tank 35. This liquid is also introduced through the pipe 36 into the heat driven pump F in a state where the temperature is high. Thus, the heat collecting body E is multilayered and the heat loss is suppressed, so that a portable heat transfer device with high thermal efficiency can be provided. Although not shown, the efficiency is further improved if the outer side of the third heat collector 32 is covered with a heat insulating outer skin such as a foam material.

Further, in this embodiment, an exhaust duct 37 made of, for example, heat-resistant plastic is provided, and the main heat exchanger 34 described above is accommodated therein and is configured integrally with the exhaust port 38. A box-type exhaust hole windbreak plate 39 including a first windbreak plate 41 and a second windbreak plate 42 is attached to the outside of the exhaust hole 38. At this time, the end of the exhaust hole 38 is slightly protruded 38b from the base surface 38a. On the other hand, an intake hole windbreak plate 40 having the same configuration as the exhaust hole windbreak plate 39 is also provided outside the intake hole 1 ′ of the intake duct 1. The intake hole 1 ′ and the exhaust hole 38 are spaced apart from each other in the same direction of the apparatus.
This is so that the same wind pressure is applied to the intake hole 1 ′ and the exhaust hole 38 when receiving wind from the outside so that the flame does not blow out. It has been put into practical use. In the case of a bathtub, the intake and exhaust holes are made as one body and heat exchange is performed to reduce exhaust loss. In this embodiment as well, the loss can be reduced by doing so. However, the combustion chamber 12 of the present invention has an internal volume that is only about one-hundredth of that in the case of a bathtub or the like, and has a high combustion chamber load (combustion chamber heat generation / combustion chamber volume cc). This increases the combustion chamber temperature and stabilizes the flame, but increases the combustion noise. This noise is divided into a diffuser 11, a venturi tube 3, a component toward the intake hole 1 ′ and a component toward the exhaust hole 38, and is released to the atmosphere and attenuates and disappears. If the intake hole 1 ′ and the exhaust hole 38 are close to each other, the intake hole 1 ′ and the exhaust hole 38 are acoustically coupled to each other, and resonance that enhances a specific frequency is likely to occur. The noise changes to pressure fluctuation and the flame is extinguished. In order to prevent this, it is necessary to make the distance between the combustion chamber, the exhaust hole, and the passage of the gas in the combustion chamber as short as possible and to install them at a certain distance from each other. If they must be in close proximity, a wall must be provided between them to block acoustic coupling. The first and second windbreak plates 41 and 42 are preferably sized so as to completely cover the holes so that wind pressure is not directly applied to the intake holes 1 ′ and the exhaust holes 38. The windbreak plate is installed at a distance from the surfaces of the intake hole 1 ′ and the exhaust hole 38, and intake and exhaust are performed from that distance.
The intake hole windbreak plate 40 and exhaust hole windbreak plate 39 described above are preferably box-shaped as shown in FIG. 3, but the first windbreak plate 41 and the second windbreak plate 42 as shown in FIGS. You may make it the structure which combined. Further, it is preferable that the two windbreak plates provided in the intake hole 1 ′ and the exhaust hole 38 are in the same plane as shown in the figure because there is no difference in wind pressure, but the plane positions may be slightly shifted. Absent.

According to the second embodiment described above, the portable heat transfer device can be smoothly started up and can be safely operated.
In the combustion of this apparatus, the heat of the exhaust gas is recirculated to the unburned mixture to promote combustion, and stable combustion is attempted in the combustion chamber 12. For this purpose, it is desirable that the temperature of the wire mesh layer corresponding to the porous solid radiation conversion body 17 that is heated and refluxed by thermal radiation or the ceramics combustor D having a good radiation ability is raised to several hundred degrees Celsius. Although so-called warm-up operation is required, first, it is necessary to make the mixture ratio of LPG and air deeper than the theoretical mixture ratio so that ignition can be performed even in a low temperature state.
First, when the gas opening / closing lever 6 is moved by hand and the gas opening / closing valve 7 is opened, the gas is regulated from the LPG cylinder 8 by the pressure regulator 9 and reaches the gas cutoff valve 22. On the other hand, the gas opening / closing lever 6 is mechanically interlocked with the switch 24 of the power source L, so that the switch 24 is also turned ON and the control device I is also operated. As a result, a timer is started and the electromagnet of the gas cutoff valve 22 is energized. The apparatus is now in a standby state and is displayed on the liquid crystal display of the display apparatus K. In addition, the control device I starts to monitor the temperature of the second heat collector 31 with the temperature sensor J.

In this state, a manual ignition operation is performed. That is, when the ignition lever 5 that is coaxially linked with the throttle valve 4 that rotates in the intake duct 1 is turned clockwise by hand, the throttle valve 4 rotates and the ventilation cross section of the intake duct 1 is narrowed. The lever 5 is mechanically linked with the button 23 and the knob of the igniting piezoelectric element 43 so that when the button 23 is depressed, the valve is adsorbed by the electromagnet, and the LPG is discharged from the gas shut-off valve 22 to the nozzle 2 To flow. Then, a negative pressure is generated in the venturi tube 3, and air is sucked from the intake hole 1 '. Since the intake duct 1 is narrowed by the throttle valve 4, the air-fuel mixture is supplied to the combustor D with a richer LPG than the theoretical mixture ratio suitable for ignition. At this time, the other end of the lever 5 is caught by the claw of the leaf spring 44 and stopped, and this state is maintained.
When the knob of the ignition piezoelectric element 43 is pushed several times, a spark jumps to the spark plug 16 in the combustion chamber 12 and ignites the air-fuel mixture. When this state is maintained and the temperature gradually rises, the temperature of the second heat collector 31 also rises. The control device I determines that ignition was successful from the rate of increase in temperature per hour, and maintains this state for a while. Eventually, when the temperature of the second heat collector 31 reaches a set value (for example, about 100 ° C.) (because it has reached a temperature at which the combustor D and the porous solid radiation conversion body 17 begin to exhibit a sufficient effect), The reset magnet 45 is energized for a short time. The reset magnet 45 attracts the yoke 46 attached to the leaf spring 44, the claws of the leaf spring 44 are lowered, the lever 5 is pulled back by the spring 47 in the direction of the arrow (counterclockwise), and stops at the stopper 48. Then, the interlocking throttle valve 4 rotates, the ventilation cross section of the intake duct 1 is expanded, a larger amount of air is introduced, and the air-fuel mixture that is slightly thinner than the theoretical mixing ratio (a little LPG) enters the combustor D. Supplied.

As a result, the apparatus enters a steady state, and the heat-driven pump F puts the heat generated in the combustion chamber on the liquid and sends it to the external heat load H. If ignition is not performed and the temperature of the second heat collector 31 does not reach the set value, the control device I determines that the ignition is incorrect, and after a predetermined time (about 60 to 90 seconds), the control device I turns on the gas cutoff valve 22. The energization is stopped and the gas supply is stopped.
Further, when the flame disappears due to a gust or the like during steady state operation and the temperature of the second heat collecting body 31 becomes lower than another set value (for example, 105 ° C.) and continues to decrease, it is determined that the flame has disappeared and the gas is shut off. The energization to the valve 22 is stopped and the gas is stopped. On the other hand, when the temperature of the second heat collector 31 suddenly rises due to some circumstances, for example, when the heat-driven pump F fails or stops, when the set value on the high temperature side (for example, 150 ° C.) is reached, the combustor When it is determined that D is overheated, the gas shutoff valve 22 is immediately turned off to stop the gas. In any case, the status of the apparatus is displayed on the status indicator K of the liquid crystal display, and in some cases, the user can be informed of the status by emitting the same sound with a piezoelectric speaker.
Since this apparatus is flame-combustion inside, and the state of combustion cannot be seen immediately from the outside like an open flame, it is required to be equipped with a safety mechanism for preventing extinction and preventing overheating. The control device I may use an electronic circuit in which a microcomputer is incorporated, so that this device is supplied with power from the battery of the power source L, but when the power supply from the thermoelectric conversion element T is sufficient, the battery By stopping the power supply from the power supply L, the power consumption of the power source L can be minimized. Furthermore, when a part of the electric power from the thermoelectric conversion element T is supplied to the power supply L side and the battery is a secondary battery or a capacitor, it can be charged. In addition, since the voltage supplied from the thermoelectric conversion element T varies depending on the amount of heat generated in the combustion section, it is preferable to incorporate a voltage regulator circuit that supplies the electric power supplied to the control device I to the circuit while keeping this constant.
Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, heat leakage is prevented by providing a heat insulating layer 49 made of, for example, ceramics between the first heat collector 30 and the second heat collector 31. It is also possible to further enhance the heat insulation effect.
In FIG. 4, 19a indicates a defoaming tank provided in the heat-driven pump F, 34a indicates a backflow prevention wall provided at the inlet of the exhaust duct, and 35a indicates a backflow prevention pipe provided in the drain tank.

In the above embodiment, an example in which the porous solid radiation conversion body 17 for partially converting the combustion exhaust energy generated by the combustion into the combustor D is converted into radiation energy is described. The porous solid radiant converter can be omitted when allowed for use or the like.

First reference configuration diagram shown in a block diagram showing a reference configuration example of a portable heat transfer device It is. It is a 2nd reference form figure which shows the 2nd reference form example of a portable heat transfer apparatus in a cross section. It is a fragmentary sectional view showing the 1st example of the portable heat transfer device of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the 2nd Example of the portable heat transfer apparatus of this invention. It is a partially expanded cross section which shows the example which changed the part of the heat collecting body of 2nd Example partially. It is a partial cross section perspective view which shows another Example of the windshield plate used for the portable heat transfer apparatus of this invention. It is sectional drawing of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

A portable heat transfer device main body B gas supply device C air suction / gas / air mixing device D combustor E heat collector F heat drive pump G liquid circulation circuit H external heat load I control device J temperature sensor K status indicator L power supply T thermoelectric conversion element 1 intake duct 1 ′ intake hole 2 gas ejection nozzle 3 venturi pipe 4 throttle valve 5 lever 6 gas opening / closing lever 7 gas opening / closing valve 8 cylinder 9 pressure regulator 10 pressure regulator knob 11 diffuser 12 combustion chamber 13 flat surface 14 Flame Hole 15 Hole 16 Spark Plug 17 Porous Solid Radiation Exchanger 18 Flame Surface 19 Heating Part 20 Lead Wire 21 Pipe 22 Gas Shut-off Valve 23 Button 24 Switch 25 Heat Insulation Material Seal 26 Upstream Heat Exchanger 27 Downstream Heat Exchanger 28 hole 29 hole 30 1st heat collection body 31 2nd heat collection body 32 3rd collection Body 33 Liquid 34 Main heat exchanger 35 Drain tank 36 Pipe 37 Exhaust duct 38 Exhaust hole 38a Base 38b Projection 39 Exhaust hole windbreak plate 40 Intake hole windbreak plate 41 First windbreak plate 42 Second windbreak plate 43 Ignition pressure electron 44 Leaf spring 45 reset electromagnet 46 yoke 47 spring 48 stopper 49 heat insulation layer

Claims (7)

A gas / air mixing device including a gas supply device including an LPG cylinder, a gas jet nozzle and a venturi tube working with the gas, and having a mixing ratio adjusting mechanism for starting, and the generated air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber A combustor for flame combustion , one or more heat collectors surrounding the combustor and forming a space between the combustors , a heat-driven pump, and a high temperature side as a heat collector A thermoelectric conversion element joined to each of the heat-driven pumps and a control device, and the liquid heated by the heat generated in the combustor is transmitted to the heat load through the liquid circuit by the heat-driven pump, and the thermoelectric conversion element A portable heat transfer device, wherein a control device is operated by generated electric power.   2. A flame combustion type combustor incorporating a porous solid radiation converter for partially converting thermal energy of combustion exhaust generated by combustion in a combustion chamber into radiation energy. Portable heat transfer device. Provided with a suction hole windshields to the intake hole outside the vicinity of the air inlet duct in the gas-air mixture apparatus, the exhaust hole windshields installed in an exhaust hole outside the vicinity of the exhaust da click preparative provided downstream of the combustion unit, The portable heat transfer device according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the intake hole and the exhaust hole are spaced apart from each other in the same direction of the apparatus. 4. The portable heat transfer device according to claim 3, wherein a part of the liquid circuit in the heat-driven pump is disposed in the exhaust duct and a heat exchange function is incorporated in the part. The temperature of the heat collecting body is monitored, and when the temperature of the heat collecting body becomes higher than or lower than the set temperature, a control device that works on the gas supply device and shuts off the gas is incorporated. The portable heat transfer device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 . The portable heat transfer device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , further comprising a power source for temporarily moving the control device.   The portable heat transfer device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a state indicator that displays a state of combustion controlled by the control device.

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