JP4994144B2 - Silver-oxide based electrical contact materials - Google Patents
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- JP4994144B2 JP4994144B2 JP2007194445A JP2007194445A JP4994144B2 JP 4994144 B2 JP4994144 B2 JP 4994144B2 JP 2007194445 A JP2007194445 A JP 2007194445A JP 2007194445 A JP2007194445 A JP 2007194445A JP 4994144 B2 JP4994144 B2 JP 4994144B2
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Description
本発明は、例えば、車載及び交流リレー等に好適な銀−酸化物系電気接点材料に関する。 The present invention relates to a silver-oxide-based electrical contact material suitable for, for example, a vehicle and an AC relay.
リレー、スイッチ、電磁開閉器及びブレーカ等に用いられる電気接点材料としては、耐溶着性や耐消耗性等の電気接点性能が要求され、種々の材料が提案されて広く実用に供されている。例えば、特許文献１には、重量％で、Ｓｎ（錫）：５〜１０％、Ｉｎ（インジウム）：１〜６％を含有し、さらに必要に応じて、Ｆｅ（鉄）、Ｎｉ（ニッケル）及びＣｏ（コバルト）のうち一種又は二種以上：０．０１〜０．５％を含有し、残りがＡｇ（銀）と不可避不純物からなる組成を有するＡｇ合金に、内部酸化処理を施してなる銀−酸化物系電気接点材料が提案されている。 As electrical contact materials used for relays, switches, electromagnetic switches, breakers and the like, electrical contact performance such as welding resistance and wear resistance is required, and various materials have been proposed and widely used. For example, Patent Document 1 contains Sn (tin): 5 to 10%, In (indium): 1 to 6% by weight, and Fe (iron) and Ni (nickel) as necessary. And one or more of Co (cobalt): 0.01 to 0.5%, and the rest is formed by subjecting an Ag alloy having a composition composed of Ag (silver) and inevitable impurities to internal oxidation treatment. Silver-oxide based electrical contact materials have been proposed.
上記従来の技術には、以下の課題が残されている。
すなわち、従来の電気接点材料では、内部酸化を促進し均質な内部酸化組織を形成する効果が高いためにＩｎを含有させているものが多いが、近年、Ｉｎが液晶パネルの透明電極等として使用されるために工業的な需要が高まっており、安定的な供給に不安があることから、Ｉｎを含まない電気接点材料の開発が要望されている。ただし、このようなＩｎフリーの電気接点材料でも、従来と同様に優れた耐溶着性、耐消耗性及び接触抵抗の安定性が要望される。
The following problems remain in the conventional technology.
In other words, many conventional electrical contact materials contain In because they have a high effect of promoting internal oxidation and forming a homogeneous internal oxide structure. In recent years, In has been used as a transparent electrode for liquid crystal panels. Therefore, industrial demand is increasing, and there is a concern about stable supply. Therefore, development of an electrical contact material not containing In is demanded. However, even such In-free electrical contact materials are required to have excellent welding resistance, wear resistance, and stability of contact resistance as in the past.
本発明は、前述の課題に鑑みてなされたもので、Ｉｎフリーであって、優れた耐溶着性、耐消耗性等を得ることができる銀−酸化物系電気接点材料を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a silver-oxide-based electrical contact material that is In-free and that can obtain excellent welding resistance, wear resistance, and the like. And
本発明は、前記課題を解決するために以下の構成を採用した。すなわち、本発明の銀−酸化物系電気接点材料は、重量％で、Ｓｎ：４．０〜９．０％、Ｃｕ：１．５〜４．５％、Ｚｎ：０．１〜３．０％、Ｔｅ：０．１〜０．８％を含有し、残りがＡｇと不可避不純物とからなる組成を有するＡｇ合金を内部酸化してなることを特徴とする。 The present invention employs the following configuration in order to solve the above problems. That is, the silver-oxide based electrical contact material of the present invention is Sn: 4.0-9.0%, Cu: 1.5-4.5%, Zn: 0.1-3.0 by weight%. %, Te: 0.1 to 0.8%, and the remainder is formed by internally oxidizing an Ag alloy having a composition composed of Ag and inevitable impurities.
この銀−酸化物系電気接点材料では、Ｓｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｔｅ及びＡｇと不可避不純物とが上記組成成分でＡｇ合金とされて内部酸化されてなるので、ＺｎによってＣｕ酸化物の凝集が抑制されて高い分散性をもってＣｕ酸化物が析出される。また、Ｔｅによって耐溶着性が向上すると共に内部酸化促進効果が得られ、Ｃｕの含有量が少なくても十分な内部酸化が得られる。これにより、優れた耐溶着性、耐消耗性及び接触抵抗安定性を得ることができる。 In this silver-oxide based electrical contact material, Sn, Cu, Zn, Te and Ag and unavoidable impurities are made into an Ag alloy with the above composition components and internally oxidized, so that aggregation of Cu oxide is suppressed by Zn. As a result, Cu oxide is deposited with high dispersibility. Moreover, the welding resistance is improved by Te and the effect of promoting internal oxidation is obtained, and sufficient internal oxidation is obtained even if the Cu content is small. Thereby, excellent welding resistance, wear resistance, and contact resistance stability can be obtained.
以下に、本発明に係る銀−酸化物系電気接点材料の内部酸化処理前のＡｇ合金における成分組成を、上記の通りに限定した理由について説明する。
Ｓｎは、内部酸化処理によって熱的に安定な酸化物（例えばＳｎＯ２）分散相を形成し、耐溶着性及び耐消耗性を向上させる作用がある。なお、このＳｎの含有量が４.０％未満では、所望の接点耐久性能を得ることができず、一方、９.０％を超えると接触抵抗増大の問題が生じると共に加工性が著しく低下し、伸線加工やヘッダ加工等の形状付加が困難になる。
The reason why the component composition in the Ag alloy before the internal oxidation treatment of the silver-oxide-based electrical contact material according to the present invention is limited as described above will be described below.
Sn forms a thermally stable oxide (for example, SnO 2 ) dispersed phase by an internal oxidation treatment, and has an effect of improving welding resistance and wear resistance. If the Sn content is less than 4.0%, desired contact durability cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if it exceeds 9.0%, a problem of increased contact resistance occurs and workability is remarkably lowered. It becomes difficult to add shapes such as wire drawing and header processing.
Ｃｕは、内部酸化処理においてＳｎ酸化物の析出を促進する作用を有し、自身も酸化物（例えば、ＣｕＯ）を形成する作用がある。さらに、内部酸化後の材料硬度の上昇及び電気伝導度の低下を抑える作用も有するため、接触抵抗を低減して接点の温度上昇を抑えると共に、加工性を改善する効果がある。なお、このＣｕの含有量が１．５％未満では、有効な上記作用が得られず、一方、４．５％を超えると耐溶着性及び耐摩耗性に低下傾向が現れる。 Cu has an action of promoting the precipitation of Sn oxide in the internal oxidation treatment, and itself has an action of forming an oxide (for example, CuO). Furthermore, since it also has the effect of suppressing the increase in material hardness and the decrease in electrical conductivity after internal oxidation, it has the effect of reducing the contact resistance to suppress the temperature rise of the contact and improving workability. If the Cu content is less than 1.5%, the above-mentioned effective action cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if it exceeds 4.5%, the welding resistance and wear resistance tend to decrease.
Ｚｎは、内部酸化処理時にＣｕＯ等の凝集を抑制する効果を有する。また、自身が熱的に安定な酸化物（ＺｎＯ）を形成し、耐溶着性及び耐消耗性を向上させる作用を有する。なお、このＺｎの含有量が、０．１％未満では所望のＣｕ酸化物の凝集を抑制する作用が得られず、一方、３．０％を超えると加工性が低下する。 Zn has an effect of suppressing aggregation of CuO or the like during internal oxidation treatment. In addition, it forms a thermally stable oxide (ZnO), and has an effect of improving welding resistance and wear resistance. If the Zn content is less than 0.1%, the desired effect of suppressing aggregation of Cu oxide cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the Zn content exceeds 3.0%, the workability decreases.
Ｔｅは、内部酸化処理においてＳｎ酸化物の析出を促進する作用を有し、自身もＣｕと複合酸化物（例えば、Ｃｕ３ＴｅＯ６）を形成し、微弱溶着部を脆化し破断を容易にする作用を有するため、接点開離力低下に伴って問題となり得る微弱溶着による開離不能を抑制することができる。この作用は、その含有量が０．１％未満では明確に現れず、一方、０．８％を超えると加工性が著しく低下する。 Te has an action of promoting the precipitation of Sn oxide in the internal oxidation treatment, and itself forms a complex oxide (for example, Cu 3 TeO 6 ) with Cu, embrittles a weak weld and facilitates fracture. Since it has an effect | action, the unseparability by weak welding which may become a problem with a contact breaking force fall can be suppressed. This effect does not appear clearly when the content is less than 0.1%, while the workability is significantly reduced when the content exceeds 0.8%.
本発明によれば、以下の効果を奏する。
すなわち、本発明に係る銀−酸化物系電気接点材料によれば、上記成分組成で、Ｓｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｔｅを含有し、残りがＡｇと不可避不純物とからなる組成を有するＡｇ合金を内部酸化してなるので、Ｃｕ酸化物が良好に分散し、優れた耐溶着性、耐消耗性及び接触抵抗の安定性を示すことができる。したがって、Ｉｎフリーでも、車載及び交流リレー等に好適な電気接点材料を得ることができる。
The present invention has the following effects.
That is, according to the silver-oxide-based electrical contact material according to the present invention, an Ag alloy having the above composition and containing Sn, Cu, Zn, Te, and the remainder composed of Ag and inevitable impurities is contained inside. Since it is oxidized, Cu oxide is well dispersed, and excellent welding resistance, wear resistance, and stability of contact resistance can be exhibited. Therefore, even if In-free, an electrical contact material suitable for in-vehicle use and AC relays can be obtained.
以下、本発明に係る銀−酸化物系電気接点材料の一実施形態を、図１及び図２を参照しながら説明する。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of a silver-oxide based electrical contact material according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
本実施形態の銀−酸化物系電気接点材料は、重量％で、Ｓｎ：４．０〜９．０％、Ｃｕ：１．５〜４．５％、Ｚｎ：０．１〜３．０％、Ｔｅ：０．１〜０．８％を含有し、残りがＡｇと不可避不純物とからなる組成を有するＡｇ合金を内部酸化処理することにより、図１の拡大写真に示すように、Ａｇマトリックス中にＣｕ酸化物を良好に析出、分散させたものである。 The silver-oxide-based electrical contact material of this embodiment is Sn: 4.0-9.0%, Cu: 1.5-4.5%, Zn: 0.1-3.0% by weight. , Te: 0.1 to 0.8%, and the rest of the Ag alloy having a composition composed of Ag and inevitable impurities is subjected to internal oxidation treatment, as shown in the enlarged photograph of FIG. In this case, Cu oxide is deposited and dispersed well.
なお、比較として、Ｚｎを添加しない組成によるＡｇ合金を内部酸化処理した接点材料についても、図２に拡大写真を示す。これら拡大写真からわかるように、Ｚｎを添加しない場合では、Ｃｕ酸化物が凝集して写真上で複数の黒点として現れているのに対し、Ｚｎを添加した本実施形態の接点材料では、凝集したＣｕ酸化物が見当たらず、良好に分散していることがわかる。 As a comparison, FIG. 2 shows an enlarged photograph of a contact material obtained by internally oxidizing an Ag alloy having a composition not containing Zn. As can be seen from these enlarged photographs, when Zn is not added, Cu oxide aggregates and appears as a plurality of black spots on the photograph, whereas in the contact material of this embodiment to which Zn is added, it aggregates. It can be seen that Cu oxide is not found and is well dispersed.
このように本実施形態の銀−酸化物系電気接点材料では、Ｓｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｔｅ及びＡｇと不可避不純物とが上記組成成分でＡｇ合金とされて内部酸化されてなるので、ＺｎによってＣｕ酸化物の凝集が抑制されて高い分散性をもってＣｕ酸化物が析出される。また、Ｔｅによって耐溶着性が向上すると共に内部酸化促進効果が得られ、Ｃｕの含有量が少なくても十分な内部酸化が得られる。これにより、優れた耐溶着性、耐消耗性及び接触抵抗安定性を得ることができる。 Thus, in the silver-oxide based electrical contact material of this embodiment, Sn, Cu, Zn, Te and Ag and unavoidable impurities are made into an Ag alloy with the above composition components and internally oxidized, so that Zn is Cu. Aggregation of the oxide is suppressed and Cu oxide is deposited with high dispersibility. Moreover, the welding resistance is improved by Te and the effect of promoting internal oxidation is obtained, and sufficient internal oxidation is obtained even if the Cu content is small. Thereby, excellent welding resistance, wear resistance, and contact resistance stability can be obtained.
次に、本発明に係る銀−酸化物系電気接点材料を実際に作製して評価した結果について、説明する。 Next, the results of actually producing and evaluating the silver-oxide based electrical contact material according to the present invention will be described.
本発明に係る銀−酸化物系電気接点材料の実施例を、以下の工程で作製した。
まず、高周波溶解炉により、以下の表１に示される成分組成をもったＡｇ合金を溶製し、インゴットに鋳造した。この後、インゴットを熱間押出しにて厚さ５ｍｍの板状に加工し、この板を熱間及び冷間圧延にて幅３０ｍｍ×厚さ０.６ｍｍの薄板とした。さらに、この薄板を長さ方向に沿って幅２ｍｍにスライス切断し、この切断片を酸素雰囲気中、７００℃、２４時間保持にて内部酸化処理を施した。
An example of the silver-oxide based electrical contact material according to the present invention was produced by the following steps.
First, an Ag alloy having the component composition shown in Table 1 below was melted in a high frequency melting furnace and cast into an ingot. Thereafter, the ingot was processed into a plate having a thickness of 5 mm by hot extrusion, and the plate was formed into a thin plate having a width of 30 mm and a thickness of 0.6 mm by hot and cold rolling. Furthermore, this thin plate was sliced and cut into a width of 2 mm along the length direction, and the cut piece was subjected to internal oxidation treatment by holding at 700 ° C. for 24 hours in an oxygen atmosphere.
次に、この内部酸化処理後の切断片をまとめて圧縮成形を施して直径７０ｍｍのビレット形状とし、このビレットを直径７ｍｍに押出し加工し、引き続いて伸線加工にて直径２ｍｍの線材とした。最終的に、この線材からヘッダーマシンにて、頭径３ｍｍ×頭厚０．６ｍｍ×足径２ｍｍ×足長２ｍｍの寸法を持ったリベットを成形することにより、本発明に係る銀−酸化物系電気接点材料の実施例を作製した。
なお、比較のために、Ｉｎを含有した従来組成成分の銀−酸化物系電気接点材料についても、以下の表２に示される成分組成をもったＡｇ合金で、従来例として同様に製造した。
Next, the cut pieces after the internal oxidation treatment were collectively subjected to compression molding to form a billet shape having a diameter of 70 mm. The billet was extruded to a diameter of 7 mm, and subsequently drawn to a wire having a diameter of 2 mm. Finally, by forming a rivet having dimensions of a head diameter of 3 mm, a head thickness of 0.6 mm, a foot diameter of 2 mm and a foot length of 2 mm from this wire with a header machine, the silver-oxide system according to the present invention is formed. Examples of electrical contact materials were made.
For comparison, a conventional silver-oxide-based electrical contact material containing In was also produced in the same manner as a conventional example using an Ag alloy having the component composition shown in Table 2 below.
これらの実施例（以下、本発明接点材料という）及び従来例（以下、従来接点材料という）について、ＡＳＴＭ（American Society for Testing and Materials：米国材料試験協会)試験機を用い、以下の条件で電気的開閉試験を行った。電気的開閉試験として、耐久開閉回数（開閉不能に至るまでの開閉回数）と消耗量とを測定し、耐久寿命（溶着発生時の回数）および耐消耗性（消耗重量／開閉回数）を評価した。なお、マイクロビッカース硬さ（Ｈｖ）も測定した。これらの評価結果も表１及び表２に示す。 For these examples (hereinafter referred to as contact materials of the present invention) and conventional examples (hereinafter referred to as conventional contact materials), an ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) testing machine was used to The open / close test was conducted. As an electrical open / close test, the number of durable open / close cycles (the number of open / close cycles until opening / closing becomes impossible) and the amount of wear were measured, and the durability life (number of times when welding occurred) and wear resistance (consumed weight / open / close frequency) were evaluated. . The micro Vickers hardness (Hv) was also measured. These evaluation results are also shown in Tables 1 and 2.
＜電気的開閉試験の条件＞
・モーターロック負荷方式
・負荷回路電圧ＤＣ１４Ｖ
・定格電流２０Ａ
・接点接触力２０ｇｆ
・接点開離力２０ｇｆ
<Conditions for electrical switching test>
・ Motor lock load system ・ Load circuit voltage DC14V
・ Rated current 20A
・ Contact contact force 20gf
・ Contact opening force 20gf
上記試験結果からわかるように、本発明接点材料は、Ｉｎを含有した従来接点材料に比べて一段と優れた耐久寿命及び耐消耗性を示している。 As can be seen from the above test results, the contact material of the present invention exhibits a much superior durability life and wear resistance compared to conventional contact materials containing In.
なお、本発明の技術範囲は上記実施形態及び上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲において種々の変更を加えることが可能である。 The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and examples, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (1)
Ｓｎ：４．０〜９．０％、
Ｃｕ：１．５〜４．５％、
Ｚｎ：０．１〜３．０％、
Ｔｅ：０．１〜０．８％
を含有し、残りがＡｇと不可避不純物とからなる組成を有するＡｇ合金を内部酸化してなることを特徴とする銀−酸化物系電気接点材料。 % By weight
Sn: 4.0-9.0%,
Cu: 1.5 to 4.5%,
Zn: 0.1-3.0%
Te: 0.1 to 0.8%
A silver-oxide-based electrical contact material obtained by internally oxidizing an Ag alloy having a composition containing Ag and inevitable impurities.
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| JP4994144B2 true JP4994144B2 (en) | 2012-08-08 |
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| JP5484210B2 (en) * | 2010-06-15 | 2014-05-07 | 田中貴金属工業株式会社 | Ag-oxide based electrical contact material and automotive relay using the same |
| CN103210100B (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2015-07-22 | 株式会社德力本店 | Method for producing ag-oxide-based electrical contact material and electrical contact material produced by the method |
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| JPS5850304B2 (en) * | 1975-05-23 | 1983-11-09 | 株式会社東芝 | Denkisetsutenzairiyo |
| JPS51141400A (en) * | 1975-05-30 | 1976-12-06 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | Composite electric contact material |
| JPS62158839A (en) * | 1985-12-30 | 1987-07-14 | Tokuriki Honten Co Ltd | Silver-oxide type contact point material |
| JPH05239572A (en) * | 1992-02-28 | 1993-09-17 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Ag-sn oxide type electrical contact material excellent in internal oxidizability |
| WO2005007907A1 (en) * | 2003-07-18 | 2005-01-27 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Electric contact and electrical equipment including the same |
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