JP4982160B2 - Swash plate type variable capacity compressor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a swash plate type variable displacement compressor, and more particularly to a structure of a connecting mechanism portion between a rotor and a swash plate cam.

  Conventionally, various structures have been proposed for the connecting mechanism between the rotor and the swash plate cam in the swash plate type variable capacity compressor. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a plurality of cylinder bores formed in a cylinder block, a plurality of pistons slidably accommodated in the plurality of cylinder bores, and a thrust fixed to the drive shaft and rotating integrally with the drive shaft. A flange (equivalent to the rotor of the present invention), a swash plate that is slidably mounted on the drive shaft and tiltable, and a swash plate that can be tilted with respect to the thrust flange so that the rotational force of the thrust flange can be converted to the swash plate In a variable displacement swash plate type compressor having a transmission link mechanism and the stroke amount of the piston changes according to the change in the inclination angle of the swash plate, a pair of guide grooves provided substantially parallel to each other on the rear end face of the thrust flange The first and second guide grooves linearly guide the spherical portions (first and second spherical portions) at both ends of the link pin provided at the top dead center portion of the front end surface of the swash plate. As the structure is disclosed.

Further, in Patent Document 2, as a connection guide mechanism, a rotational force transmission unit that transmits rotational force from a rotational force transmission surface of a lug plate (corresponding to the rotor of the present invention) to a rotational force receiving surface of a swash plate, A compression reaction force transmission portion for transmitting a compression reaction force from a compression reaction force transmission surface of the swash plate to a compression reaction force receiving surface of the lug plate is disposed before and after the rotation direction of the drive shaft. The movement restricting portion is disposed between the rotational force transmitting portion and the compression reaction force transmitting portion. The movement restricting portion separates the rotational force transmitting surface and the rotational force receiving surface in the rotational direction. A structure is disclosed in which the lag plate is regulated by abutment between the lag plate and the regulated surface of the swash plate.
JP 2001-289159 A JP 2005-240593 A

  However, in the structure of Patent Document 1, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, if the wall of the second guide groove includes a specific structure portion, the first on the swash plate cam side is equal to the thickness of the specific structure portion. The arrangement interval between the spherical portion and the second spherical portion, and hence the arrangement interval between the first guide groove and the second guide groove in the rotor, must be set narrow. When the arrangement interval between the first spherical portion and the second spherical portion and the arrangement interval between the first guide groove and the second guide groove are narrow, with respect to the compression reaction force acting radially outward with respect to the swash plate cam, The support of the swash plate cam by the rotor becomes unstable. Therefore, the swash plate may be inclined in a direction different from that at the time of changing the discharge capacity due to the compression reaction force acting on the swash plate via the piston. When the swash plate cam is tilted in a direction different from that at the time of changing the discharge capacity, the contact condition of each spherical portion against the inner surface of each guide groove is changed, and the sliding resistance (friction resistance) between the two becomes large, There arises a problem that the capacity controllability of the variable capacity compressor is deteriorated.

  Further, in the structure of Patent Document 2, the connection guide mechanism transmits a rotational force from a rotational force transmission surface provided on the lug plate to a rotational force receiving surface provided on the swash plate cam; and A compression reaction force transmission portion that transmits a compression reaction force from a compression reaction force transmission surface provided on the swash plate cam to a compression reaction force receiving surface provided on the lug plate is arranged in front and rear in the rotational direction of the drive shaft. Due to the structure provided, the applicable rotation direction of the drive shaft is limited to one direction. In the case of a compressor used in a vehicle air conditioner, there can be forward and reverse rotation depending on the rotational direction of the engine and the mounting direction of the compressor, and two types of structures are required to correspond to both these directions. In addition, since the rotor and the regulation surface of the swash plate cam are in direct contact with each other, there is a risk that the contact surface pressure will increase and wear will occur when the rotor is rotated by a small angle by the drive torque from the drive shaft (and the rotor). there were. In addition, in a vehicle air conditioner with particularly large fluctuations in thermal load, the position where the compression reaction force from the piston is applied is not constant, so in a structure where the compression reaction force receiving portion is limited to one place, the swash plate cam There was a risk that the posture could not be supported stably.

  Further, in both structures of Patent Documents 1 and 2, the portion formed in the spherical shape or hemispherical shape is simply engaged with the corresponding groove, so that the rotation direction of the swash plate cam There is a risk of back and forth rattling. Also from this aspect, instability remains in supporting the posture of the swash plate cam and controlling the inclination angle of the swash plate cam.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a swash plate type variable mechanism having a connecting mechanism capable of suppressing the backlash of the swash plate cam in the forward and backward directions in the rotation direction and the inclination of the swash plate cam in a direction different from that when changing the discharge capacity. The object is to provide a capacity compressor, and to obtain excellent durability and controllability of the swash plate inclination angle in the swash plate type variable capacity compressor.

In order to solve the above problems, a swash plate type variable displacement compressor according to the present invention is connected to a piston, which is reciprocally accommodated in a cylinder bore formed in a cylinder block, and a drive shaft, and is integrated with the drive shaft. A rotor that rotates, and a swash plate cam that rotates integrally with the rotor via a connecting mechanism and is tiltably movable in the longitudinal direction in the axial direction, the rotor and the swash plate cam based on the rotation of the drive shaft In the swash plate type variable capacity compressor configured to reciprocate the piston through sliding contact with the swash plate cam, the coupling mechanism includes two rollers having a rotating body surface and a shaft of the roller. a support pin for forming a part, the swash plate is formed in the cam groove of two places where the roller is fitted rollably and, formed on the rotor via the support pin the Consisting of those characterized by being composed of a regulating surface which slides on the bottom surface opposite to the hole rotatably supported, and is formed on the rotor the groove of the roller of Ra.

  In such a swash plate type variable capacity compressor according to the present invention, the support pin is in indirect contact with the swash plate cam via a roller having a rotating body surface (particularly a hemispherical roller). When the cam is bent, the support pin and the roller can move independently, and the influence of the rotation of the support pin is not transmitted to the swash plate cam, and the swash plate cam moves smoothly. Therefore, it is possible to accurately control the tilt of the swash plate cam to a desired tilt angle, and to prevent the swash plate cam from tilting in a direction different from that at the time of changing the discharge capacity. In addition, the roller is slidably fitted in a groove formed on the swash plate cam side, and is slid on the regulating surface formed on the rotor side on the opposite side, so that rolling and rotation are allowed. In this state, the swash plate cam that is held without any play and engages with the roller is also engaged without any play.

In the swash plate type variable displacement compressor according to the present invention, the coupling mechanism includes two rollers, a support pin for forming the shaft portion of the roller, the roller is formed on the swash plate cam is fitted rollably Two groove portions, a hole formed in the rotor for rotatably supporting the roller via the support pin, and a bottom surface formed in the rotor and positioned on the opposite side to the groove portion slide. The structure is composed of two restriction surfaces . The rollers are located on both sides of the support pin, and each roller is slidably fitted in each groove and slid on each regulating surface, so that the overall posture of the coupling mechanism is stable, and consequently the swash plate cam posture Is stable. Moreover, if it arrange | positions with the left-right symmetric form, it will become unnecessary to change a structure according to a rotation direction like the above-mentioned patent document 2. FIG.

  Further, as shown in the embodiments described later, the restriction surface can be constituted by a drive torque transmission side restriction surface or can be constituted by a drive torque non-transmission side restriction surface.

  The engagement relationship between the support pin and the roller and the support structure of the support pin can be set substantially freely as follows. For example, the support pin may be configured to extend through the roller, or the support pin may be pressed into the roller. In addition, the support pin is fixed to the hole, and the roller can be rotatably supported by the support pin. The support pin and the roller can be integrally rotated. In addition, the support pin may be configured to be rotatably supported with respect to the hole. These can be arbitrarily set in consideration of processing and assembly.

  Moreover, it is also possible to employ | adopt the structure clamped via an elastic material about the fitting to the groove part of a roller, and the position control by the control surface on the opposite side. In particular, the restricting surface forming part itself is configured to be elastic so that the position of the roller is restricted on the restricting surface, and there is no play between the restricting surface and the roller. It is also possible to adopt a structure in which is always urged toward the roller. With such a configuration, it is possible to more appropriately suppress the rattling or the like in this portion.

  Moreover, various structures can be taken also about the roller which has the said rotary body surface. Typically, it comprises a hemispherical roller. That is, the roller which has the said rotating body surface consists of a hemispherical roller, and the hemispherical part side is the structure fitted so that it can roll to the said groove part. In addition, since the roller having a rotating body surface may basically be used, for example, the roller having the rotating body surface may be a composite curve (for example, a curve in which arcs having different curvatures are connected, an elliptic curve, etc. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which a rotating body-shaped portion having a composite curve as a generating line is fitted to the groove portion so as to be able to roll. In any case, it is preferable that the restriction surface formed on the rotor is formed from a flat surface. By being formed from a flat surface, the processing can be easily performed, and the position of the roller can be regulated in a desired form.

  Thus, according to the swash plate type variable capacity compressor according to the present invention, by the rolling contact configuration constituted by the roller having a rotating body surface (hereinafter represented by a hemispherical roller) and its guide groove (groove portion), A connection guide mechanism that can smoothly tilt the swash plate cam when changing the discharge capacity can be configured.

  In addition, by adopting a structure composed of a pair of hemispherical rollers and their guide grooves, the backlash of the swash plate cam to the front and rear in the drive shaft rotation direction and the change of the discharge capacity by selective fitting of the hemispherical rollers A connection guide mechanism that can suppress the inclination of the swash plate cam in the direction different from the time can be configured.

  Further, in the structure constituted by the hemispherical roller and its guide groove (groove part), an elastic material is used for the sandwiching structure between the groove part and the regulating surface on the opposite side, particularly the sandwiching structure with the non-torque transmission side regulating surface formed on the rotor. By adopting the clamping structure via the swash plate, it is possible to more effectively suppress the backlash of the swash plate cam in the front and rear direction of the drive shaft rotation and the inclination of the swash plate cam in the direction different from when changing the discharge capacity. It becomes possible to constitute a simple connection guide mechanism.

  Further, the contact between the hemispherical roller and its guide groove is rolling, and the frictional resistance is reduced, so that durability and controllability can be improved. This is because when the torque is transmitted, the rolling state is maintained even if the swash plate cam rattles back and forth in the rotational direction of the drive shaft, and controllability is not deteriorated.

  Furthermore, a swash plate cam that moves back and forth in the rotational direction of the drive shaft by using a hemispherical roller that clamps the elastic material on the non-torque transmission side regulating surface formed on the rotor and a guide groove thereof. Can be suppressed, and the inclination of the swash plate cam can be suppressed in a direction different from that when the discharge capacity is changed. This is also effective against distortion during heat treatment to ensure the strength of iron parts, leading to improved productivity and cost reduction.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an overall schematic longitudinal section of a swash plate type variable displacement compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the swash plate type variable capacity compressor 100 shown in FIG. 1, a rotor 2 is provided so as to be rotatable integrally with the drive shaft 1, and the swash plate cam 4 is connected to the rotor 2 via a connection mechanism 3 (connection guide mechanism). Are coupled to the rotor 2 so as to be able to rotate integrally and tilt in the front-rear direction in the axial direction. A pair of shoes 5 are slidably contacted with the swash plate cam 4 (to the swash plate portion of the swash plate cam 4) on the outer peripheral side, and the shoes 5 are held by a bridge portion 6 a of the piston 6. Plural pistons 6 are provided, and each piston 6 is accommodated in a corresponding cylinder bore 8 formed in the cylinder block 7 so as to be able to reciprocate. Each piston 6 is reciprocated in the cylinder bore 8 through sliding contact with the pair of shoes 5 with respect to the rotation of the rotor 2 and the swash plate cam 4 based on the rotation of the drive shaft 1. By changing the inclination angle of the swash plate cam 4, the stroke of the piston 6 is changed, whereby the discharge capacity is changed. Reference numeral 9 denotes a cylinder head, and 10 denotes a valve plate. A fluid to be compressed (for example, refrigerant gas) is sucked into a cylinder bore 8 from a suction chamber 11 formed in the cylinder head 9 and compressed in the cylinder bore 8. The compressed fluid is discharged into the discharge chamber 12 and is sent to the outside of the compressor from there.

  For example, the coupling mechanism 3 is configured as shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 2 denotes a rotor, 4 denotes a swash plate cam, and the coupling mechanism 3 includes a roller 13 having a rotating body surface, particularly a hemispherical roller 13 and a shaft portion of the hemispherical roller 13 in this embodiment. The support pin 14 to be formed, the groove 16 formed on the swash plate cam 4 side so that the hemispherical portion 15 of the hemispherical roller 13 can be rolled, and the hemispherical shape formed on the rotor 2 side via the support pin 14. A hole 17 that rotatably supports the roller 13, a bottom surface 18 that is formed on the rotor 2 side and is located on the opposite side of the groove portion 16 of the hemispherical roller 13, and a regulating surface 19 that slides are configured. In this embodiment, the hemispherical roller 13 and the regulation surface 19 are provided on both sides of the support pin 14, respectively. Further, the regulating surface 19 is formed as a flat surface on the side surfaces of a pair of arms 20 extending from the rotor 2 toward the swash plate cam 4, and the arm 20 itself forming the regulating surface 19 is the hemispherical roller 13. It is configured in a structure that can exhibit elasticity with respect to the side. Although not shown, an elastic material may be interposed as described above. FIG. 3 shows an appearance of the coupling mechanism 3 shown in FIG. 2 in an assembled state.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connecting mechanism 3 shown in FIG. The hemispherical roller 13 is smoothly guided along the groove portion 16 in a rolling contact state with the hemispherical portion 15 fitted in the groove portion 16 of the swash plate cam 4. Then, the hemispherical roller 13 is sandwiched between the groove portion 16 of the swash plate cam 4 and the regulating surface 19 of the rotor 2, and a state without backlash appears, and the smooth state along the groove portion 16 in the state without backlash appears. Will be guided to. In particular, the support of the swash plate cam 4 is stabilized by being supported on both sides of the support pin 14. That is, the swash plate cam 4 is stably supported in a desired posture without any play at any time, and when changing the inclination angle of the swash plate cam 4, the hemispherical roller 13 smoothly moves along the groove portion 16. By being guided, the swash plate cam 4 is also controlled to tilt smoothly. Therefore, the inclination of the swash plate cam 4 in a direction different from that at the time of changing the discharge capacity is also effectively suppressed. Further, since the contact between the hemispherical roller 13 and the groove portion 16 is rolling, the frictional resistance is remarkably reduced and the durability and controllability are improved. In the structure shown in FIG. 4, with respect to the drive torque transmitted from the rotor 2 side, the restriction surface 19 forms a drive torque transmission side restriction surface.

  Regarding the assembly of the coupling mechanism 3 portion, in the structure shown in FIG. 4, for example, both hemispherical rollers 13 are respectively held in both groove portions 16 of the swash plate cam 4 to form both arms forming the regulating surface 19 of the rotor 2. 20 may be arranged at a predetermined position, and in this state, the support pin 14 may be inserted from one side. As described above, the support pin 14 is press-fitted and fixed in the hole 17, and the hemispherical roller 13 can be rotatably held with respect to the fixed support pin 14, or the support pin 14 can be rotated with respect to the hole 17. The support pin 14 and the hemispherical roller 13 may be integrally rotated by being freely supported and press-fitted into the hemispherical roller 13.

  The structure of the coupling mechanism 3 has a degree of freedom. For example, it can be configured as shown in FIG. In the coupling mechanism 31 shown in FIG. 5, the orientation of the hemispherical roller 13 and the arrangement position of the groove 16 and the regulating surface 19 with respect to the hemispherical roller 13 are reversed compared to the structure shown in FIG. 4. The drive torque non-transmission side regulating surface is formed with respect to the drive torque transmitted from the rotor 2 side. Further, the support pin 14 protrudes from the hole of the swash plate cam 4, and is fixed and fixed at that portion by a C-shaped retaining ring 32. In this way, free design is possible as long as the configuration defined in the present invention is satisfied.

  In addition, although each said embodiment mentioned the case where the roller which has a rotating body surface is the hemispherical roller 13, as above-mentioned, it is also possible to use the roller of a rotating body shape which makes a composite curve a generating line.

  The structure of the swash plate type variable capacity compressor according to the present invention can be applied to any swash plate type variable capacity compressor provided with the coupling mechanism of the present invention, and in particular, the swash plate cam tilt angle control is frequently performed because of large load fluctuations. This is suitable for a swash plate type variable capacity compressor used in a vehicle air conditioner.

It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the swash plate type variable capacity compressor which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is an expansion disassembled perspective view of the connection mechanism part of the compressor of FIG. It is an external appearance perspective view in the assembly state of the connection mechanism part of FIG. It is the schematic sectional drawing which showed typically the connection mechanism part of FIG. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the connection mechanism part which shows the structural example different from FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Drive shaft 2 Rotors 3, 31 Connection mechanism 4 Swash plate cam 5 Shoe 6 Piston 6a Bridge part 7 Cylinder block 8 Cylinder bore 9 Cylinder head 10 Valve plate 11 Suction chamber 12 Discharge chamber 13 Hemispherical roller 14 as a roller having a rotating body surface Support pin 15 Hemispherical portion 16 Groove portion 17 Hole 18 Bottom surface 19 Restricting surface 20 Arm 32 C-type retaining ring 100 Swash plate type variable capacity compressor

Claims (10)

A piston accommodated in a cylinder bore formed in the cylinder block so as to be able to reciprocate, a rotor connected to the drive shaft, rotating integrally with the drive shaft, rotating integrally with the rotor and the connecting mechanism, and in the axial direction A swash plate cam coupled to be tiltable in the front-rear direction, and reciprocating the piston through sliding contact with the swash plate cam with respect to the rotation of the rotor and the swash plate cam based on the rotation of the drive shaft. In the swash plate type variable capacity compressor configured as described above, the coupling mechanism is formed by two rollers having a rotating body surface, a support pin that forms a shaft portion of the roller, and the swash plate cam so that the roller can roll. and the groove of the two locations to be fitted in a hole for rotatably supporting the roller via the support pins are formed on the rotor, and the pre-formed in the rotor Swash plate type variable displacement compressor, characterized in that consisted regulating surface which slides on the bottom surface located on the opposite side to the grooves of the roller. The swash plate type variable capacity compressor according to claim 1 , wherein the support pin extends through the roller. The swash plate type variable capacity compressor according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the support pin is press-fitted into the roller. The swash plate type variable capacity compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the support pin is fixed to the hole, and the roller is rotatably supported by the support pin. The swash plate type variable capacity compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the support pin and the roller are provided so as to be integrally rotatable, and the support pin is rotatably supported with respect to the hole. The swash plate type variable capacity compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein an elastic material is interposed between the roller and the regulating surface. The swash plate type variable capacity compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein a portion of the regulating surface itself is configured to be elastic with respect to the roller side. The swash plate type variable capacity compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the roller having the rotating body surface is a hemispherical roller, and the hemispherical portion side is fitted to the groove portion so as to be able to roll. The roller having the rotating body surface comprises a rotating body-shaped roller having a composite curve as a generatrix, and the rotating body shape portion having the compound curve as a generatrix is fitted in the groove so as to be able to roll. The swash plate type variable capacity compressor according to any one of to 7 . The swash plate type variable capacity compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein the restriction surface formed on the rotor is formed from a flat surface.

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