JP4968348B2 - Super turn style antenna and its construction method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a super turn style antenna and a construction method thereof.

With the start of television broadcasting using the VHF band (frequency: 30 to 300 MHz, wavelength: 1 to 10 m), in order to ensure the wide bandwidth, a super turn style antenna (hereinafter referred to as “STA” or “ It may be abbreviated as “antenna”.) It is used in various countries including Japan.
For example, as shown in FIG. 18, this STA has four antenna elements (hereinafter also referred to as “batwing elements”) 101 called batwings (bat wings).

The STA is configured by arranging the batwing elements 101 at intervals of 90 degrees in the circumferential direction around the central support column 102 so that the batwing elements 101 have a cross shape in a plan view. By supplying power with a phase difference of 90 degrees from the point 103, almost omnidirectionality can be obtained on a horizontal plane (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3).
The bat wing element 101 is generally composed of a vertical member 104 extending in the vertical direction on the central support column 102 side, a plurality of horizontal members 105 to 108 having different lengths extending outward from the vertical member 104, and the horizontal members 105. The outer frame material 109 which connects the front-end | tips of -108.

Each of the wires 104 to 109 constituting the batwing element 101 is made of a round pipe made of galvanized steel, stainless steel, or aluminum. The longest first horizontal member 105 and outer frame member 109 are made of a single straight bar member. It is configured by bending in a substantially Σ shape. Moreover, the 2nd-4th horizontal members 106-108 and the vertical member 104 which are located in a (SIGMA) -shaped frame are comprised by the straight bar member.
The base end portion (the end portion on the central support column 102 side) of the first horizontal member 105 is welded to the upper and lower end portions of the longitudinal member 104, thereby forming a Σ-shaped frame.

  Further, the second to fourth horizontal members 106 to 108 are arranged at substantially equal intervals in the vertical direction in the frame of the Σ-shaped frame, and the base end portion and the distal end portion (outer diameter side) of these horizontal members 106 to 108 are arranged. End portions of the bat wings) are welded to the longitudinal member 104 and the outer frame member 109, respectively, thereby forming the batwing element 101.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 46-19150 JP 2002-151946 A JP 2006-5080 A

"Antenna Handbook THEORY, APPLICATIONS, AND DESIGN" Edited by Y.T.Lo and S.W.Lee (pp27-33 (Fig.25))

As described above, in the conventional super turn style antenna, the batwing element 101 is manufactured by fixing a round pipe bent into a predetermined shape and a straight rod-like round pipe by welding. There is a disadvantage that it cannot be disassembled to less than the dimensions of the state and is very difficult to transport when performing maintenance or replacement work of the STA.
That is, the STA is usually attached to the central column 102 provided at the top of the steel tower, but it is very difficult to carry the bulky batwing element 101 to the central column 102 at the top.

For example, in a 76 to 108 MHz band STA for FM (TV 1 to 3 ch) broadcasting, the horizontal dimension of the batwing element 101 is about 700 mm and the vertical dimension is about 2000 mm. It becomes narrower as it goes to the upper part, and only a width (for example, about 700 mm) that can be lifted and lowered by one worker with luggage is secured, or the width is locally narrow such as a passage through a scaffolding plate. There may be a portion (for example, about 500 mm).
Therefore, the batwing element 101 used in the VHF band may not be dimensionally capable of being lifted by the worker to the central support column 102. Even if the dimension is possible, the batwing element 101 is bulky like a batwing. It was very difficult to carry the stretched element 101 through a narrow lift space.

On the other hand, if a lifting device such as a crane is used, it can be easily carried up to the central post 102 at a high place regardless of the size and weight of the batwing element 101.
However, since other broadcasting antennas such as panel antennas and parabolic antennas are installed in the middle of the steel tower, when the batwing element 101 is lifted up to the central post 102 at a high place by the lifting device, the existing antenna is installed. When crossing in front of the antenna, radio interference may occur, which may hinder the broadcasting service.

  Further, in the conventional batwing element 101 manufactured by fixing a metal round pipe by welding, the batwing shape once manufactured cannot be changed. For this reason, when changing or adjusting the frequency band after the installation of the STA, it is necessary to remove the batwing element 101 itself from the central support column 102 and replace it with a new one. There is also a disadvantage that becomes higher.

In view of such a conventional problem, the present invention provides a super turn style antenna that can be transported from the inside of a steel tower to a high place without lifting the batwing element with a lifting device. Objective.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a super turn style antenna capable of adjusting the frequency band.

  (1) The antenna of the present invention is a super turn style antenna having a plurality of batwing elements arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction around a central support column. A plurality of divided pieces obtained by dividing, and a plurality of connecting members for connecting the divided pieces to each other and assembling the divided pieces into one batwing element.

According to the antenna of the present invention, a plurality of divided pieces obtained by dividing one batwing element into a plurality of parts, and a plurality of connecting members for connecting the plurality of divided pieces to each other and assembling them into one batwing element. Therefore, before assembling with the connecting member, the batwing element is in a state of being disassembled into divided pieces less than the dimensions of the installed state.
For this reason, if the dimension of a division | segmentation piece is set suitably, a batwing element can be assembled in a high place by conveying to the high place through the inside of a steel tower, and connecting the conveyed division piece with a connection member. Therefore, even if the batwing element is not lifted by the lifting device, the batwing element can be transported to the high place from the inside of the steel tower, and the first object is achieved.

(2) In the antenna of the present invention, it is preferable that the batwing element has a horizontal dimension and a vertical dimension necessary for use as a broadcast antenna for a VHF band.
The reason is that, as described above, the STA is commonly used in the VHF band (30 to 300 MH), and the batwing element used in this band is enlarged to such an extent that it cannot pass through the lifting space of workers inside the steel tower. This is because it is suitable for disassembling into a plurality of divided pieces.

In the antenna according to the present invention, specifically, the plurality of divided pieces may be set to have a maximum length equal to or less than a horizontal dimension of the batwing element.
The reason is that if the maximum length of the divided piece is set to be equal to or less than the horizontal dimension of the batwing element, the possibility that the worker can transport the divided piece to a high place through the lifting space inside the tower is increased. .

  (3) Alternatively, in the antenna of the present invention, the horizontal dimension and / or the vertical dimension in the assembled state of the plurality of divided pieces are equal to or less than the width of the lift space inside the tower (for example, about 700 mm). If it is set to, the worker can more reliably transport the divided piece to a high place through the elevating space inside the steel tower.

(4) In the antenna of the present invention, the shape of the divided piece that is a constituent part of the batwing element is arbitrary, but if a part or all of the plurality of divided pieces are configured by linear rod-shaped members, It is possible to reduce the size of the divided piece into a shape that can be easily transported. As this bar-shaped member, a round bar having a circular cross section or a square bar having a rectangular cross section can be employed.
However, since the STA is attached to the center column at the top of the tower, the moment load on the center column caused by wind power is more problematic as the load resistance of the tower than the weight of the batwing element. It is preferable to employ a bar material.

(5) However, in the case of round bars, there is no surface contact when they are crossed, so even if the round bars are fastened together with bolts and nuts that penetrate the round bars in the cross-sectional direction There is a possibility that the fastening is unstable due to a small seating surface.
Therefore, when the rod-shaped member is made of a round bar having a circular cross section, the connecting member is preferably made of any of the following fasteners for round bars (x) to (w) or a combination thereof.

(X) A fastener that can fix a thin round bar penetrated by a thick round bar so that it cannot move in the penetrating direction. (Y) It has a plurality of insertion parts through which the round bar can be inserted. A fastener that can fix the round bar inserted through the insertion part so as not to move in the axial direction. (Z) A bolt that penetrates the intersecting portion of the round bar and a curved surface along the outer peripheral surface of the round bar. A fastener including a spacer plate penetrating the bolt while being in surface contact with the round bar

(W) Fasteners that can be brought into surface contact with both the outer peripheral surface of the round bar and the counterpart fastener, and can be fixed to the round bar and the counterpart fastener in the surface contact state. The round bar members can be fastened with the contact seating surface effectively secured, and stable fastening is possible.

(6) On the other hand, when the rod-shaped member is made of a rectangular bar material having a rectangular cross section, the end portions can be crossed in a surface contact state. Can be constructed from bolts and nuts that are bolted directly.
In this case, since the contact seating surface can be sufficiently secured even if the intersecting portion of the square bar material is directly bolted, a specially shaped member such as a round bar fastener is not necessary. For this reason, there is an advantage that the number of parts is reduced and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

(7) The antenna of the present invention preferably includes a frequency adjusting means capable of adjusting a frequency band of the bat wing element by changing a connection position of some of the divided pieces or exchanging the divided pieces.
In this case, since the frequency band of the batwing element can be adjusted by the frequency adjusting means, as a result, the frequency band of the super turn style antenna can also be adjusted. Therefore, the second object is achieved.

(8) Specifically, the frequency adjusting means can be constituted by a horizontal adjusting means for adjusting a horizontal dimension of the batwing element.
This is because, for example, the maximum horizontal length of the batwing element corresponds to about 0.23 times the radio wave wavelength, and the minimum length corresponds to about 0.085 times the radio wave wavelength. This is because the frequency band of the assembled batwing element can be adjusted by adjusting the horizontal dimensions by the horizontal adjusting means.

(9) More specifically, the horizontal adjustment means can change the position of the outer frame member, which is a component of the batwing element, with respect to the horizontal member, which is a component of the element, in the horizontal direction. It can be constituted by means.
(10) Further, the horizontal adjustment means may be composed of a plurality of horizontal members which are constituent elements of the batwing element and a replacement horizontal member having a different length from the horizontal member.

(11) The frequency adjusting means may be composed of an up / down adjusting means for adjusting a vertical dimension of the batwing element.
The reason is that since the vertical dimension of the batwing element corresponds to about 0.65 times the wavelength of the radio wave, the frequency band of the assembled batwing element can be increased by adjusting the dimension by the vertical adjustment means. This is because it can be adjusted.

  (12) More specifically, the vertical adjustment means can change the mounting height of the top and bottom horizontal members, which are constituent elements of the batwing element, with respect to the vertical member, which is a constituent element of the element. It can be constituted by a simple height changing means.

(13) The construction method of the present invention is a construction method of the super turn style antenna, and includes the following steps (a) to (c).
(A) First step of inspecting directivity of the antenna (b) Disassembling each batwing element of the inspected antenna into a plurality of divided pieces, and connecting the divided pieces and the connecting member to the inside of the tower The second step of carrying up to the central column located above the steel tower through the lifting and lowering space (c) The divided pieces carried are connected by the connecting member, and the bat wing elements are arranged around the central column. 3rd process to assemble

  According to the construction method of the present invention, the divided pieces and the connecting members constituting the batwing elements of the antenna after the directivity inspection (first step) are positioned at the upper part of the tower through the lifting space inside the tower. Since the batwing elements are assembled around the central strut (third process), the batwing elements are lifted. Even if it is not lifted by the device, it can be transported from the inside of the tower to its high place. Therefore, the first object is achieved.

  As described above, according to the present invention, since the batwing element can be transported from the inside of the tower to its high place without being lifted by the lifting device, the antenna maintenance or replacement work is not caused without causing an electric field disturbance to other antennas. It can be performed.

It is a front view of the steel tower carrying a super turn style antenna. It is a front view of the super turn style antenna which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a front view of the upper half of the bat wing element concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a front view of the upper half of the bat wing element concerning a 2nd embodiment. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is a plane sectional view showing the modification of the inner side fastener for round bars. (A) is the front view which shows the modification of a batwing element, (b) is the side view which looked at the element from the right side. (A) is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. 7, (b) is the sectional view on the BB line of FIG. 7, (c) is the figure seen from the C direction of FIG. It is the perspective view and front view which show the other modification of the outer side fastener for round bars. It is a front view of the upper half of the bat wing element concerning a 3rd embodiment. It is a front view of the upper half of the batwing element showing a modification of the frequency adjusting means. It is a front view of the upper half of the batwing element showing another modification of the frequency adjusting means. It is a front view of the upper half of the batwing element showing another modification of the frequency adjusting means. It is a front view of the upper part of the batwing element which shows the other modification of a frequency adjustment means. It is a front view of the upper part of the batwing element which shows the other modification of a frequency adjustment means. It is a front view of the batwing element concerning a 4th embodiment. It is a front view of the batwing element which shows the modification of the dividing method. It is a perspective view of the conventional super turn style antenna.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[Structure of the steel tower]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a steel tower 1 on which a super turn style antenna 9 is mounted.
As shown in FIG. 1, the steel tower 1 is a steel truss structure erected on a ceiling portion of a building 2 having a power feeding facility. A first truss portion 3 and a second truss portion 4 are arranged in order from the bottom. The third truss portion 5 and the central column 6 are provided.

Since the first truss portion 3 constitutes the lower part of the steel tower 1, the truss width is the largest, and a second truss portion 4 having the second largest truss width is erected at the upper end of the first truss portion 3.
A third truss portion 5 having the smallest truss width is erected at the upper end of the second truss portion 4, and a central column 6 having a circular cross section is erected at the upper end of the third truss portion 4. Yes. Therefore, in the steel tower 1 of FIG. 1, the central column 6 is disposed at the top of the steel tower 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of parabolic antennas 7 for fixed communication (microwave line) such as STL (Studio to Transmitter Link) and TTL (Transmitter to Transmitter Link) are provided on the side surface of the first truss portion 3. In addition, a digital broadcasting antenna 8 is provided above the second truss portion 4. Further, the central support column 6 is provided with a super turn style antenna (STA) 9 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Among these, the digital broadcasting antenna 8 includes a large number of panel antennas 10 and surrounds the upper portion of the second truss portion 4 by arranging the antennas 10 in the circumferential direction and the vertical direction outside the second truss portion 4. It is formed in a cylindrical shape.

Similar to the conventional arrangement (see FIG. 18), the STA 9 is arranged by arranging the four batwing elements 12 around the central support column 6 at intervals of 90 degrees so as to form a cross shape in plan view. The STA 9 composed of the four batwing elements 12 is provided in a plurality of stages (total of six stages in the illustrated example) at regular intervals in the vertical direction with respect to the central column 6.
Although not shown in FIG. 1, elevating members made up of stairs, ladders, and the like are provided inside the truss portions 3 to 5 of the steel tower 1.

The width of the elevating member in each of the truss portions 3 to 5 can be raised or lowered by only one worker, and two or more workers cannot pass each other, or even if possible, they pass each other. It has become difficult.
In the case of the second truss part 4 and the third truss part 5, the plane space (lifting space) in which the worker can move the luggage in the horizontal direction when one worker holding the luggage moves up and down the lifting member. Since there is not so much room for the truss width, only a width dimension (for example, about 600 mm) smaller than the horizontal maximum length W1 of the batwing element 12 described later is secured.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 2 is a front view of the super turn style antenna 9 according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a front view of the upper half of the batwing element 12 constituting the antenna 9.
As shown in FIG. 2, the STA 9 of the present embodiment has four batwing elements 12 arranged at intervals of 90 degrees in the circumferential direction around the central support column 6. Each of the bat wing elements 12 is attached to the support column 6 with a certain distance in the radial direction from the center support column 6 by a pair of upper and lower mounting brackets 13 protruding in the radially outward direction of the center support column 6.

The central column 6 is provided with a plurality of power supply members (not shown) connected to the power supply chamber in the building 2, and each power supply member is electrically connected to the vertical member 16 of the corresponding batwing element 12. It is connected to the.
The power feeding member feeds transmission power to the adjacent batwing elements 12 so as to have a phase difference of 90 degrees, and thereby a substantially non-directional STA 9 balanced in the horizontal plane is configured.
The 90-degree phase difference is, for example, 0 ° (360 °) with respect to the first to fourth batwings clockwise (or counterclockwise) with respect to the four batwing elements 12. ), And can be realized by supplying transmission power with a phase difference of 90 °, 180 °, and 270 °.

In this type of super turn style antenna 9, when the wavelength of the transmission radio wave is λ, the horizontal maximum length W1 is set to about 0.23λ, the horizontal minimum length W2 is set to about 0.085λ, The direction dimension H is set to about 0.65λ.
In the STA 9 of this embodiment, the frequency band used for FM (TV 1 to 3 ch) broadcasting is 76 to 108 MHz, and W1 = about 700 mm, W2 = about 260 mm, and H = about 2000 mm.

However, the STA 9 only needs to have the horizontal dimensions W1 and W2 and the vertical dimension H necessary for use as a broadcasting antenna in the VHF frequency band (30 to 300 MHz). It is not limited to.
Each bat wing element 12 has a bat wing shape whose outer frame shape is substantially Σ, and as its constituent material, a vertical member 16 extending in the vertical direction on the central support column 6 side, and radially outward from the vertical member 16. A plurality of first to fourth horizontal members 17 to 20 extending and a pair of upper and lower outer frame members 21 and 21 that connect the tips of the horizontal members 17 to 20 are provided.

Among the members 16 to 21, the first horizontal member 17 is disposed at a portion corresponding to the horizontal maximum length W <b> 1 of the batwing element 12 and has the largest horizontal length.
Hereinafter, the second horizontal member 18 has the second horizontal length, the third horizontal member 19 has the third horizontal length, and the fourth horizontal member 20 is the minimum in the horizontal direction of the batwing element 12. It is arranged at a portion corresponding to the length W2, and the horizontal length is the smallest.

The bat wing element 12 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of divided pieces Pn (n = 1, 2,...) Obtained by dividing one bat wing element 12 into a plurality of parts, and a plurality of divided pieces Pn attached to and detached from each other. A plurality of connecting members J for freely connecting and assembling to one batwing element 12 are provided.
Each divided piece Pn is composed of a metal member such as galvanized steel, stainless steel, or a copper alloy such as an aluminum alloy or brass.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the divided pieces Pn of the present embodiment include six types corresponding to the vertical member 16, the first to fourth horizontal members 17 to 20, and the outer frame member 21, respectively. .
Of these, the first to third horizontal members 17 to 19 and the outer frame member 21 are made of a rectangular first solid rectangular bar member 22A, and the vertical member 16 has a sectional dimension larger than that of the first rectangular bar member 22A. Is made of a second rectangular bar 22B having a rectangular cross section and a hollow shape. The fourth horizontal member 20 is composed of a plate member 23 that is substantially rectangular when viewed from the front.

Thus, in the batwing element 12 of the present embodiment, the vertical member 16, horizontal members 17-20 and outer frame member 21 which are constituent parts thereof are divided pieces P1 to P6, respectively, and these divided pieces P1. -P6 is comprised from the linear rod-shaped member which consists of square bar material 22A, 22B whose cross section is a rectangle, and a board member.
The first and second square bars 22A and 22B may be hollow or solid in cross section, but in the present embodiment, the first to third horizontal members 17 to 19 on which an operator may ride. Employs a solid member to increase the strength and reduce the wind receiving area, and the vertical member 16 having a large outer diameter employs a hollow member to reduce the weight.

As described above, when the divided pieces P1 to P6 are constituted by the square bar members 22A and 22B and the plate member 23, they are brought into surface contact when they are crossed, so that they are directly fastened with bolts and nuts penetrating them in the cross-sectional direction. Even so, a fastening force capable of securing the structural strength of the batwing element 12 can be obtained.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the bolt / nut 24 is employed as the connecting member J for connecting the divided pieces P1 to P6 to assemble them into one batwing element 12.

  That is, each of the divided pieces P1 to P2 is formed with a bolt insertion hole (not shown) penetrating in the cross-sectional direction (paper surface penetration direction in FIG. 3), and the bolt insertion holes of the members to be connected are positioned. Together, the bolts are inserted into the insertion holes, and the divided pieces P1 to P6 are detachably connected by screwing the nuts into the protruding ends of the bolts inserted in this way and tightening them.

Specifically, on the side surface of the vertical member 16 (divided piece P5) made of the thicker first square bar member 22B, first to third horizontal members 17 to 19 (made of the thinner second square bar member 22A). The base ends of the split pieces P1 to P3) and the fourth horizontal member 20 (split piece P4) made of the plate material 23 are brought into contact with each other in a cross shape, and the cross portions are bolted to each other by a pair of bolts and nuts 24. Yes.
Thereby, each horizontal member 17-20 is attached to the state which protruded in the cantilever shape from the vertical member 16 to radial direction outward, respectively.

Further, the outer frame member 21 (divided piece P6) made of the straight first square bar member 22A is disposed so as to intersect with the tip portions of the respective horizontal members 17 to 20, and the intersecting portion is formed by one bolt. -The outer frame member 21 is connected to the tip portions of the horizontal members 17 to 20 by bolting each other with the nut 24. As a result, the bad wing type antenna element 12 having an outer frame shape that is substantially Σ-like when viewed from the front is assembled.
As described above, in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the bad wing element 12 is constituted by the square bar members 22 </ b> A and 22 </ b> B, the plate member 23, and the bolts and nuts 24. There is an advantage.

[Antenna construction method]
Next, the STA construction method will be described.
The STA 9 of the present embodiment is first assembled into the state shown in FIG. 2 at a place other than the construction site such as a factory, and the antenna performance such as directivity is inspected in that state.
Thereafter, each batwing element 12 of the inspected STA 9 is disassembled into a plurality of divided pieces P1 to P6, and carried into the construction site where the steel tower 1 is located in this disassembled state. Thus, if it carries in a construction site in a decomposition | disassembly state, it will become advantageous from a viewpoint of packing and transport.

Next, each divided piece P1 to P6 carried in and the connecting member J (bolt and nut 24) for assembling the divided pieces are passed through the elevating space inside the tower 1 and the central column 1 located at the upper part of the tower 1 Carry it up.
At this time, in the present embodiment, the divided pieces P1 to P6 are made of the square bar members 22A and 22B, which are linear bar members, and the plate member 23 having a small size, so that the second truss portion 4 and the third truss portion ( Even in the truss portion in which only a narrow lifting space such as that shown in FIG. 1 is secured, the worker can carry the divided pieces P1 to P6 to the central column 6.

After that, among the divided pieces P1 to P6 carried, the divided piece P5 constituting the vertical member 16 is attached to the central column 6 by the mounting bracket 13, and the other divided pieces P1 to P4 and P6 are sequentially attached to the vertical member 16. The batwing element 12 is assembled by connecting with the connecting member J (bolt / nut 24).
In this way, the construction of the STA 9 is completed by assembling each batwing element 12 around the central support column 6.

  In the above construction method, when transporting from the antenna factory to the tower 1, it is not always necessary to disassemble the divided pieces P1 to P6, and the assembled batwing element 12 is transported from the antenna factory to the tower 1. It may be.

[Reason why batwing elements have been manufactured by welding]
By the way, as described above, the super turn style antenna has been used for a long time with the start of television broadcasting (circa 1955). Has been produced. The reason is as follows.
First, there are industry practices that do not like design changes. That is, STA has been used as an antenna for FM and TV (VHF: 1 to 12ch) broadcasting since the Showa 30's, but has a particular problem because it provides a highly reliable service to viewers continuously. The trend of emphasizing the track record of not changing the design without it has been established in the broadcasting industry. This is considered to be one of the reasons why production by welding has continued until today.

Second, there is a problem of securing the strength of the batwing element and manufacturing cost. That is, since the STA is arranged at a high position of the steel tower, and a horizontal member may be used instead of the worker's ladder at the high position, relatively high structural strength is required.
In order to ensure the structural strength of such a batwing element, it is easy to fix a relatively thick round pipe (about 20 mm in diameter) by welding, and the era when a large number of STAs were prepared (Showa 30-40s) However, manual welding was cheaper to manufacture than metal parts machining. Therefore, this point is also considered to be one of the reasons why production by welding has continued until today.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 4 is a front view of the upper half of the bat wing element 12 according to the second embodiment.
In the present embodiment, the divided pieces P1 to P6 are constituted by linear bar-shaped members made of round bars 26A and 26B having a circular cross section.
That is, the first to fourth horizontal members 17 to 20 and the outer frame member 21 are made of a first round bar 26A having a circular cross section and a solid shape, and the vertical member 16 has a cross sectional dimension larger than that of the first round bar 26A. It consists of a large second round bar 26B having a circular cross section and a hollow shape.

  In the case of the first and second round bars 26A and 27B, the cross section may be either hollow or solid, but in the present embodiment, the first to fourth horizontal members 17 on which an operator may get on. About -20, the solid member is employ | adopted in order to raise intensity | strength and to make a wind receiving area small, and the hollow member is employ | adopted in order to reduce the weight about the vertical member 16 with a large outer diameter.

As described above, since the STA 9 is attached to the central column 6 at the top of the steel tower 1, the moment load on the central column 6 caused by wind force is more problematic as the load resistance of the steel tower 1 than the dead weight of the batwing element 12.
For this reason, from the viewpoint of reducing the wind load on the central column 6, assuming the same section modulus, the round bars 26A, 22A, 22B having a lower air resistance than the square bars 22A, 22B having a higher air resistance. It is preferable to employ 26B.

However, when the divided pieces P1 to P6 are configured by the round bars 26A and 26B, they do not come into surface contact when they are crossed. Therefore, unlike the cases of the square bars 22A and 22B (the first embodiment), the intersecting portion. Even if the round bars 26A, 26B are directly bolted to each other with bolts and nuts that pass through the bolts and nuts, there is a possibility that the fastening is unstable due to a small contact seat surface.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the inner fastener 27 and the outer fastener 28 for round bars are employed as the connecting members J of the divided pieces P1 to P6.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 4 showing a cross-sectional structure of the inner fastener 27 for a round bar.
As shown in FIG. 5, the inner fastener 27 is composed of the first to fourth horizontal members 17 to 20 (divided pieces P1 to P4) made of the first round rod member 26 </ b> A on the thinner side, and the second round rod on the thicker side. It penetrates the vertical member 16 (divided piece P5) made of the material 26B and is fixed so as not to move in the penetrating direction.
That is, the inner fastener 27 has a bolt part 29 provided coaxially at the end of the round bar 26A, and a nut 30 that is screwed into the bolt part 29. The material 16 is penetrated in the diameter direction. The bolt part 29 and the round bar 26A may be integrated.

Also, a receiving plate 31 having a semicircular cross section for restricting the penetration depth is fixed to the bolt portion 29, and a semicircular plate for forming a cylindrical portion covering the vertical member 16 is provided on the receiving plate 31. 32 is joined.
Then, the bolt portion 29 passes through the second round bar 26B until the receiving plate 31 comes into contact with the longitudinal member 16, and then the plates 31 and 32 are joined together, and then the bolt portion that protrudes outside the semicircular plate 32. The horizontal members 17 to 20 made of the first round bar 26A are fixed to the vertical members 16 made of the second round bar 26B by screwing and tightening the nuts 30 to the threaded parts 29. .

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, the outer fastener 28 is composed of the same first round bar as the first to fourth horizontal members 17 to 20 (divided pieces P1 to P4) made of the narrower first round bar 26A. It is used when connecting to the outer frame material 21 (divided piece P6) made of the material 26A.
The outer fastener 28 of the present embodiment has a plurality of insertion portions 33 and 34 through which the first round bar 26A can be inserted. One of the insertion portions 33, 34 is formed of a cylindrical body 33 through which the outer frame member 21 can be slidably inserted, and the other is formed of a block body 34 protruding in the radially outward direction of the cylindrical body 33. A female screw portion (tap hole) is formed inside the block body 34.

Accordingly, by screwing the male thread portion formed at the ends of the horizontal members 17 to 20 into the female thread portion of the block body 34, the tip end portions of the horizontal members 17 to 20 are moved in the axial direction with respect to the outer fastener 28. It can be fixed impossible.
Further, the outer frame member 21 is inserted into the cylindrical body 33 and fixed with bolts 35 penetrating the cylindrical body 33 in the radial direction, whereby the outer frame member 21 is moved in the axial direction with respect to the outer fastener 28. It can be fixed impossible.

  As described above, in this embodiment, since the round bar members 26A and 26B are connected to each other using the inner and outer fasteners 27 and 28 for round bars, the round bar members 26A and 26B are connected to each other. The batwing element 12 can be firmly fastened and the structural strength of the assembled batwing element 12 can be effectively ensured.

[Modification of inner fastener]
FIG. 6 is a plan sectional view showing a modification of the inner fastener 27 for a round bar for attaching the horizontal members 17 to 20 to the longitudinal member 16.
In the inner fastener 27 of FIG. 5 described above, the bolt portion 29 thicker than this is connected to the end portion of the narrower first round bar 26A in order to reinforce the strength of the fastening portion. In the modified example of a), the bolt portion 29 is omitted, and a male screw portion 29A is formed at the end of the first round bar 26A.

The male threaded portion 29A penetrates the thick second round bar 26B and a pair of inner and outer semicircular plates 32, 32 in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the round bar 26B in the radial direction. The first round bar 26A is fixed to the second round bar 26B by tightening a pair of inner and outer nuts 30, 30 in a direction in which the plates 32, 32 approach each other.
6B, the pair of semicircular plates 32 and 32 are omitted, and the nut 30 is directly sandwiched between the pair of inner and outer nuts 30 and 30. 30 may be tightened.

  On the other hand, in the modified example of FIG. 6C, the horizontal members 17 to 20 made of the thinner round bar 26A penetrate the vertical member 16 made of the thicker round bar 26B in the radial direction. The inner fastener 27 is different from the second embodiment (FIG. 5) in that the inner fastener 27 includes a bolt 36 in a direction orthogonal to the horizontal members 17 to 20.

The bolt 36 penetrates the peripheral wall of the vertical member 16 in the radial direction and is screwed into the end portions of the horizontal members 17 to 20 inside the vertical member 16. By tightening the bolt 36, the horizontal member 17 to 20 can be fixed so as not to move in the axial direction.
According to the modification of FIG. 6, the horizontal members 17 to 20 can be firmly fixed to the longitudinal member 16 with an extremely simple structure, and there is an advantage that the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

[Modified example of bad wing element]
FIG. 7A is a front view showing a modification of the batwing element 12, and FIG. 7B is a side view of the element when viewed from the right side. 8A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 7, FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 7, and FIG. It is the figure seen from C direction.

  Also in the batwing element 12 of this modification, the first to fourth horizontal members 17 to 20 and the outer frame member 21 are made of a solid first round bar 26A having a circular cross section, and the vertical member 16 is a first member. Although the cross-sectional dimension is larger than that of the round bar 26A, and the second round bar 26B has a circular cross section and is hollow, the structure of the inner fastener 27 and the outer fastener 28 of the second embodiment (FIGS. 4 and 5). Different from the case.

That is, as shown in FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B, also in this modification, the horizontal members 17 to 20 made of the narrower round bar 26A are vertically aligned with the thicker round bar 26B. Although both are made to cross | intersect by making the material 16 penetrate to radial direction, in this modification, the inner side fastener 27 penetrates both round bar material 26A, 26B in the direction orthogonal to the horizontal materials 17-20. 50, a nut 51 for tightening the bolt 50, and two spacer plates 52.
In the spacer plate 52, a curved surface 52A having a curvature along the outer peripheral surface of the thicker second round bar 26B is formed on one surface of the front and back, and the other surface is a flat surface 52B.

Of the two spacer plates 52, the plate 52 interposed on the bolt 50 head side makes the curved surface 52A abut against the second round bar 26B, and the flat surface 52B against the bolt 50 head. The plate 52 penetrating through the bolt 50 in the contacted state and interposed on the nut 51 side makes the curved surface 52A contact with the second round bar 26B, and the flat surface 52B with respect to the nut 51. It is penetrated by the bolt 50 in a contact state.
In this case, a large contact seating surface for the second round bar 26B can be secured by the curved surface 52A of each spacer plate 52, so that the fastening force by the bolts / nuts 50, 51 is more stable than when the plate 52 is not interposed. To do.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8C, the outer fastener 28 of this modification includes a bolt 53 that passes through the intersecting portion of the first round bar 26A that intersects with each other, and a nut 54 for tightening the bolt 53. And four spacer plates 55.
In the spacer plate 55, a curved surface 55A having a curvature along the outer peripheral surface of the narrow first round bar 26A is formed on one surface of the front and back surfaces, and the other surface is a flat surface 55B.

  Of the four spacer plates 55, the plate 55 interposed on the head side of the bolt 53 has a curved surface 55A in contact with the first round bar 26A and a flat surface 55B on the head of the bolt 55. The plate 55 that is passed through the bolt 55 in the contacted state and is interposed on the nut 54 side makes the curved surface 55A contact with the first round bar 26A, and the flat surface 55B with respect to the nut 54. The bolt 53 is penetrated in a contact state.

Further, the two plates 55 interposed at the intersecting portion of the first round bar 26A are brought into contact with the curved surface 55A with respect to the first round bar 26, and the planes 55B are superposed with each other. In the state, it is penetrated by the bolt 50.
In this case, since the contact seating surface with respect to the first round bar 26A can be ensured by the curved surface 55A of each spacer plate 55, the fastening force by the bolts / nuts 53, 54 can be increased compared to the case where the plate 55 is not interposed. Stabilize.

[Modification of outer fastener]
FIG. 9 is a perspective view (FIG. 9 (a)) and a front view (FIG. 9 (b)) showing a modification of the outer fastener 28 for attaching the horizontal members 17 to 20 to the outer frame member 21.
The outer fastener 28 of this modification can be in surface contact with both the outer peripheral surface of the first round bar 26A and the counterpart fastener 28, and the first round bar 26A and the counterpart fastener 28 can be in contact with each other. On the other hand, it can be fixed.

Specifically, the outer fastener 28 includes a substantially bowl-shaped joining block 38 having a semicircular cross section, and the joining block 38 has a planar joining surface 39. A receiving groove 40 having a semicircular cross section having substantially the same diameter as the first round bar 26A is formed on the side of the joining surface 39 in the axial direction.
Further, the joining block 38 is formed with a bolt insertion hole 41 penetrating the joining surface 39 orthogonally and a tap hole 42 located at the bottom of the receiving groove 40.

Therefore, the end of the first round bar 26A is fitted into the receiving groove 40, and in this state, a screw member (not shown) penetrating the end of the first round bar 26A is screwed into the tap hole 42. By combining, the first round bar 26A can be fixed to the joining block 38.
In addition, the pair of joining blocks 38 are crossed so that the joining surfaces 39 overlap each other, and in this state, a bolt 43 is inserted into the bolt insertion hole 41 and tightened with a nut (not shown). The joining blocks 38 can be connected to each other.

  According to this joining block 38, the first grooved rod 27A and the mating member 27A are brought into surface contact with the first round bar 26A in the receiving groove 40 and in contact with the mating block 38 at the joining surface 39. The first round bar 26A can be fastened more firmly than the case where the first round bars 26A are directly bolted together.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 10 is a front view of the upper half of the bat wing element 12 according to the third embodiment.
The bat wing element 12 of the present embodiment includes a frequency adjusting means that can adjust the frequency band of the element 12 by exchanging the divided pieces P1 to P4.
That is, the batwing element 12 includes first to fourth horizontal members 17 to 20 having a preset reference length, and replacement horizontal members 17A to 20A each having a length shorter than the reference length by a predetermined length. It has.

For this reason, the bat wing element 12 assembled using the first to fourth horizontal members 17 to 20 is replaced with the replacement horizontal members 17A to 20A, and the element 12 is reassembled. The horizontal dimension can be adjusted, whereby the frequency band of the element 12 can be adjusted.
The replacement horizontal members 17A to 20A may be longer than the reference length by a predetermined length, or three or more types having different lengths may be prepared.

  Further, the amount of change in the length of the reference horizontal members 17-20 and the replacement horizontal members 17A-20A does not necessarily have to be constant for each of the horizontal members 17-20. Is not constant, the length and connection interval of the outer frame member 21 also change, and it is necessary to prepare a replacement member for the outer frame member 21 as well.

[Modification of frequency adjusting means]
FIG. 11 is a front view of the upper half of the batwing element 12 showing a modification of the frequency adjusting means.
In this modified example, the frequency adjusting means is the same as that of FIG. 9 in that the frequency adjusting means is composed of a horizontal adjusting means for adjusting the horizontal dimension of the bat wing element 12, but the adjusting means is the horizontal members 17-20. This is not an exchange, but comprises a position changing means capable of changing the horizontal attachment position of the outer frame member 21 with respect to the horizontal members 17 to 20.

That is, as shown in FIG. 11, the outer frame member 21 in this case is formed of a substantially parallelogram-shaped plate member 21A that is wide in the horizontal direction, and at the intersection of the plate member 21A with the horizontal members 17 to 20 in the horizontal direction. A bolt insertion hole 21 </ b> B made of a long hole is formed.
For this reason, if the bolt which connects the outer frame material 1 with each horizontal material 17-20 is loosened, the horizontal attachment position with respect to the horizontal materials 17-20 of the outer frame material 21 can be changed.

[Other modifications of frequency adjusting means]
FIG. 12 is a front view of the upper half of the batwing element 12 showing another modification of the frequency adjusting means.
In this modification, bolt insertion holes 21B made of elongated holes extending in the horizontal direction are formed in the horizontal members 17 to 20, and are different from the batwing element 12 of FIG.
Also in the modification of FIG. 12, when the bolts connecting the outer frame member 21 to the horizontal members 17 to 20 are loosened, the horizontal attachment position of the outer frame member 21 with respect to the horizontal members 17 to 20 can be changed. it can.

  12A shows the case where the outer frame member 21 is attached to the innermost side (center post 6 side), and FIG. 12B shows the case where the outer frame member 21 is set to the outermost side. Show.

[Other modifications of frequency adjusting means]
FIG. 13 is a front view of the upper half of the batwing element 12 showing another modification of the frequency adjusting means.
In this modification, the frequency adjusting means is composed of vertical adjusting means for adjusting the vertical dimension of the batwing element 12. The vertical adjustment means is constituted by height changing means capable of changing the mounting height of the first horizontal member 17 at the uppermost or lowermost position of the batwing element 12 with respect to the vertical member 16.

  Specifically, a plurality of bolt insertion holes are formed in the vertical portions of the vertical member 16 and the outer frame member 21 at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, and the first horizontal is formed using the bolt insertion holes of any step. The mounting height of the first horizontal member 17 can be changed by bolting both ends of the member 17 to the vertical member 16 and the outer frame member 21.

[Other modifications of frequency adjusting means]
FIG. 14 is a front view of the upper part of the batwing element 12 showing another modification of the frequency adjusting means.
In this modification, the shape of the first horizontal member 17 is not a linear member, but is formed in a substantially U-shape when viewed from the front, and has bolt fastening portions extending in the vertical direction at both ends. Different from the case of.

In the modified example of FIG. 14, bolt fastening portions extending in the vertical direction are provided at both ends of the first horizontal member 17, so that the first horizontal member 17 is made of a straight bar as compared with the case of FIG. 13. There is an advantage that the maximum value of the longitudinal dimension H of the batwing element 12 can be increased.
FIG. 14A shows a case where the mounting position of the first horizontal member 17 is set to the lowermost side, and FIG. 14B shows a case where the mounting position is set to the uppermost side.

FIG. 15 is a front view of the upper part of the batwing element 12 showing another modification of the frequency adjusting means.
In the modified example of FIG. 15A, the first horizontal member 17 is made of a substantially rectangular plate member 17A that is wide in the vertical direction, and the vertical direction of the plate member 17A intersects with the vertical member 16 and the outer frame member 21 in the vertical direction. A bolt insertion hole 17 </ b> B made of a long hole extending in the direction is formed.
For this reason, if the bolt which connects the 1st horizontal material 17 with the vertical material 16 and the outer frame material 21 is loosened, the attachment position of the up-down direction with respect to each member 16 and 21 of the 1st horizontal material 17 can be changed.

In the modified example of FIG. 15B, a bolt insertion hole 17B made of a long hole extending in the vertical direction is formed in the vertical member 16 and the outer frame member 21, and in this respect the bat wing of FIG. Different from element 12.
Also in the modified example of FIG. 15B, when the bolts connecting the first horizontal member 17 to the vertical member 16 and the outer frame member 21 are loosened, the vertical direction of the first horizontal member 17 relative to the members 16 and 21 is increased. The mounting position can be changed.

[Fourth Embodiment]
FIG. 16 is a front view of the batwing element 12 according to the fourth embodiment.
The batwing element 12 of the present embodiment is different from the above-described embodiments in that the conventional element 12 is composed of divided pieces P1 to P6 obtained by dividing the conventional element 12 into a plurality of parts in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. ing.
That is, the divided pieces P1 to P6 in this case are integrally formed with the pieces P1 to P3 integrally including the left side portions of the outer frame member 21 and the horizontal members 17 to 20, and the right side portions of the vertical member 16 and the horizontal members 17 to 20. It has the pieces P4 to P6 that it has.

Moreover, the connection member J which consists of the attachment flange 46 is integrally provided in the connection edge of each division | segmentation piece P1-P6 by welding.
Accordingly, the mounting pieces 46 of the divided pieces P1 to P6 are joined to each other, and both the mounting flanges 46 are fixed with bolts penetrating in the thickness direction of the flanges, thereby assembling the divided pieces P1 to P6 into one batwing element 12. be able to.

Also in the bat wing element 12 of the present embodiment, the bat wing element 12 is disassembled into divided pieces P1 to P6 that are less than the installed dimensions before assembling with the mounting flange (connecting member) 46. By appropriately setting the dimensions of P1 to P6, it can be transported to a high place through the inside of the steel tower 1.
For example, in the present embodiment, at least one of the horizontal dimension and the vertical dimension in the assembled state of each of the divided pieces P1 to P6 is set to be equal to or smaller than the width of the lifting space inside the tower 1. For this reason, the worker can carry the divided pieces P <b> 1 to P <b> 6 to a high place through the elevating space inside the steel tower 1.

[Modification of division method]
FIG. 17 is a front view of the batwing element 12 showing a modification of the dividing method.
This modification is different from the case of FIG. 16 in that the batwing element 12 is divided only in the vertical direction. In the illustrated example, the conventional element 12 is divided into seven parts in the vertical direction. It consists of divided pieces P1 to P7.

Thus, even if the bat wing element 12 is divided only in the vertical direction, the bat wing element 12 is disassembled into divided pieces P1 to P7 that are smaller than the installed dimensions before assembling with the mounting flange (connecting member) 46. Therefore, by appropriately setting the dimensions of the divided pieces P <b> 1 to P <b> 7, it can be transported to a high place through the inside of the steel tower 1.
In the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the number of divisions of the batwing element 12 is not limited to the example shown in the figure, and may be divided by a larger number.

[Other variations]
The above embodiments are illustrative of the present invention and are not limiting. The scope of the present invention is shown not by the above embodiment but by the scope of claims for patent, and includes all modifications equivalent to the scope of claims and their configurations.
For example, in the STA 9 of the above-described embodiment, when the constituent members of the batwing element 12 are replaced or the frequency is adjusted, the batwing element is not necessarily limited to four batwing elements as long as the omnidirectionality is not substantially hindered. All 12 are the same and do not require replacement or frequency adjustment.

1 Steel tower 6 Central support 9 Super turn style antenna (STA)
12 Batwing element 16 Vertical member 17 First horizontal member 18 Second horizontal member 19 Third horizontal member 20 Fourth horizontal member 21 Outer frame member 22A First square bar member 22B Second square bar member 24 Bolt / nut 26A First Round bar 26B Second round bar 27 Inner fastener 28 Outer fastener 38 Joint block 46 Mounting flange Pn Split piece J Connecting member

Claims (13)

A super-turn style antenna having a plurality of batwing elements arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction around a central support column,
A plurality of divided pieces obtained by dividing one batwing element into a plurality of parts;
A plurality of connecting members for detachably connecting the plurality of divided pieces to each other and assembling the one batwing element;
Super turn style antenna characterized by having. The batwing element has a horizontal dimension and a vertical dimension necessary for use as a broadcast antenna for the VHF band,
The super turn style antenna according to claim 1, wherein a maximum length of the plurality of divided pieces is set to be equal to or less than a horizontal dimension of the batwing element.   The super turn style antenna according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plurality of divided pieces have a horizontal dimension and a vertical dimension in the assembled state, or both of which are set to be equal to or smaller than the width of the lift space inside the steel tower.   The super turn style antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the plurality of divided pieces include a linear bar-shaped member. The bar-shaped member is a round bar having a circular cross section,
The super turn style antenna according to claim 4, wherein the connecting member is formed of any of the following fasteners for round bars (x) to (w) or a combination thereof.
(X) A fastener that can fix a thin round bar penetrated by a thick round bar so that it cannot move in the penetrating direction. (Y) It has a plurality of insertion parts through which the round bar can be inserted. A fastener that can fix the round bar inserted through the insertion part so as not to move in the axial direction. (Z) A bolt that penetrates the intersecting portion of the round bar and a curved surface along the outer peripheral surface of the round bar. A fastener including a spacer plate that is penetrated by the bolt while being in surface contact with the round bar. (W) Surface contact is possible with both the outer peripheral surface of the round bar and the other side fastener. Fasteners that can be fixed to round bars and other fasteners The super-turn style antenna according to claim 4, wherein the bar-shaped member is made of a square bar member having a rectangular cross section, and the connecting member is made of a bolt and a nut that fastens a crossing portion of the square bar member.   The super turn according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising frequency adjusting means capable of adjusting a frequency band of the bat wing element by changing a connection position of some of the divided pieces or exchanging the divided pieces. Style antenna.   The super-turn style antenna according to claim 7, wherein the frequency adjusting means includes a horizontal adjusting means for adjusting a horizontal dimension of the batwing element.   The said level adjustment means consists of a position change means which can change the attachment position of the horizontal direction with respect to the horizontal material which is the component of the said element of the outer frame material which is the component of the said batwing element. Super turn style antenna.   9. The super turn style antenna according to claim 8, wherein the leveling means includes a plurality of horizontal members that are components of the batwing element, and a replacement horizontal member having a different length from the horizontal member.   The super-turn style antenna according to claim 7, wherein the frequency adjusting means includes vertical adjustment means for adjusting a vertical dimension of the batwing element.   The vertical adjustment means comprises height changing means capable of changing the mounting height of the uppermost and lowermost horizontal members, which are constituent elements of the batwing element, with respect to the vertical members, which are constituent elements of the element. 11. The super turn style antenna according to 11. The super turn style antenna construction method according to claim 1, comprising the following steps (a) to (c).
(A) First step of inspecting directivity of the antenna (b) Disassembling each batwing element of the inspected antenna into a plurality of divided pieces, and connecting the divided pieces and the connecting member to the inside of the tower The second step of carrying up to the central column located above the steel tower through the lifting and lowering space (c) The divided pieces carried are connected by the connecting member, and the bat wing elements are arranged around the central column. 3rd process to assemble

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