JP4910357B2 - Steel continuous casting method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a steel continuous casting method in which casting is performed while applying a moving magnetic field to molten steel in a mold.

  Non-metallic inclusions (hereinafter referred to as “inclusions”) in the slab as one of the qualities required for steel slab slabs (hereinafter simply referred to as “slabs”) cast by a continuous casting machine ) Content is low. Inclusions trapped in the slab are (1): deoxidation products such as alumina generated in the deoxidation process of molten steel with Al and suspended in the molten steel, (2): tundish and immersion There are gas bubbles of an inert gas such as Ar gas blown into the molten steel by a nozzle, and (3): a mold powder dispersed on the molten steel surface in the mold is suspended in the molten steel. Since these all cause surface defects in thin steel sheet products, it is important to reduce them all.

  Moreover, in recent years, in order to improve the productivity of a continuous casting machine, high-speed casting has been promoted by increasing the casting speed, that is, the supply speed of molten steel into the mold. In such a high-speed casting operation, since the discharge flow rate of the molten steel injected into the mold increases as the amount of molten steel supplied into the mold increases, that is, the kinetic energy of the molten steel in the mold increases. As the frequency of occurrence of mold powder is increased, the penetration depth of the intrusion flow that branches off after the discharge flow from the immersion nozzle collides with the solidified shell on the short side of the mold and flows toward the downstream side increases. In association with this intrusion flow, the amount of deoxidation products that penetrate deep into the unsolidified layer and are trapped in the slab also increases, and the inclusion content of the slab tends to increase overall.

  Therefore, as a means of reducing the kinetic energy of molten steel in the mold for the purpose of reducing the amount of inclusions in the slab slab during high speed casting, a magnetic field is applied to the molten steel in the mold, and the action of the applied magnetic field and molten steel A method is widely adopted in which an induced current is generated by the above-described method, and the kinetic energy of the molten steel in the mold is controlled using the electromagnetic force generated in the molten steel by the action of the induced current and the applied magnetic field.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses that a magnetic field (linear-type moving magnetic field) that moves horizontally along the long side direction of a mold is a direction from the short side of the mold toward the immersion nozzle side, that is, the discharge direction of molten steel from the immersion nozzle. A method has been proposed in which slab slabs are continuously cast while moving in the opposite direction and applying a braking force to the discharge flow from the immersion nozzle. Patent Document 2 proposes a method of applying a linear moving magnetic field so as to form a molten steel flow that circulates in one direction on the surface of the molten steel in the mold.
JP-A-9-192801 JP-A-6-606

By the way, the molten steel surface in the mold fluctuates at a specific frequency determined by the mold width, that is, the slab width, for example, a specific frequency such that the mold width is 1 wavelength or 1/2 wavelength. There is. This hot water level fluctuation is called standing wave. When a standing wave is generated, the molten metal level in the mold becomes extremely large due to the resonance state. Therefore, the standing wave is not only in terms of quality, such as entrainment of mold powder, but also in terms of operational stability. It is essential to suppress the waves. The frequency of this standing wave can be obtained by the following equation (1). In equation (1), f ₀ is the standing wave frequency (Hz), n is the mode order, g is the gravitational acceleration (m / sec ² ), and L is the slab width (m).

In the linear type moving magnetic field generator for generating a linear type moving magnetic field as described above, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of electromagnetic coils are installed side by side in the width direction. The so-called linear type moving magnetic field is generated by shifting the phase. In FIG. 1, 1 is a mold, 2 is an immersion nozzle, 3 is a linear moving magnetic field generator, F _X is an electromagnetic force acting on molten steel, V _X is a moving speed of the moving magnetic field, and _BY is a magnetic flux density of the moving magnetic field. Represents. The moving speed V _{X of the} magnetic field is expressed by the following equation (2) from the pole pitch τ and the frequency f of the electromagnetic coil. The pole pitch of the electromagnetic coil is the distance from the S pole to the N pole.

According to Lorentz's law, the generated induced current J _Z is expressed by the following equation (3). In equation (3), σ is the electric conductivity of the molten steel, V _X is the moving speed of the moving magnetic field, and _BY is the magnetic flux density of the moving magnetic field.

The electromagnetic force F _X is expressed by the following equation (4), and the electromagnetic force F _X acts mainly in the same direction as the moving direction of the magnetic field. That is, the electromagnetic force F _X acts on the molten steel at a frequency f.

When the frequency f of the linear moving magnetic field to be applied is the same as or close to the frequency f _{0 of the} standing wave, the inventors have found that the generation of the standing wave is promoted by applying the moving magnetic field. I found out. It was also found that the higher the casting speed, the more the generation of standing waves is promoted.

  However, as disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 described above, conventionally, the frequency of the moving magnetic field to be applied is related to the frequency of the standing wave determined by the slab width, and the frequency of the moving magnetic field to be applied is determined. It has not been proposed to set according to the slab width.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to determine whether the flow of the molten steel in the mold is controlled by applying a linear moving magnetic field to the molten steel in the mold and is determined by the width of the slab. It is an object of the present invention to provide a continuous casting method of steel capable of performing molten steel flow control by a moving magnetic field while suppressing generation of waves.

In the continuous casting method of steel according to the first invention for solving the above-mentioned problem, as a magnetic field generator for applying a magnetic field to molten steel in a mold, only a linear type moving magnetic field generator is provided on the back side of the mold long side. When using a linear slab continuous casting machine and applying the moving magnetic field to the molten steel in the mold using the linear type moving magnetic field generator, and controlling the flow of the molten steel, the frequency of the moving magnetic field to be applied is cast. based on the long side width of the slab billet to a range that avoids the standing wave frequency is calculated when mode number n is 1, 2 and 3 in the following equation (1) by the (1) It is characterized by doing. In Equation (1), f ₀ is the standing wave frequency (Hz), n is the mode order, g is the gravitational acceleration (m / sec ² ), and L is the long side width (m) of the slab slab. .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a continuous casting method for steel according to the first aspect, wherein two linear moving magnetic field generators are provided on the left and right sides in the width direction of the long side of the mold, with an immersion nozzle immersed in the molten steel in the mold as a boundary. The four linear type moving magnetic field generators that are opposed to each other across the long side of the mold are divided, and the center position in the casting direction of the four linear type moving magnetic field generators is discharged from the immersion nozzle. It is characterized by being directly below the hole position.
A continuous casting method of steel according to a third invention is characterized in that, in the first or second invention, the frequency of the moving magnetic field applied from the linear type moving magnetic field generator is 2.0 Hz or less. is there.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a steel continuous casting method according to any one of the first to third aspects of the present invention, wherein the immersion nozzle for injecting molten steel from the tundish into the mold is provided with one or more step portions in the inner hole where the molten steel flows down. It is characterized by using an immersion nozzle in which is formed.

  According to the present invention, when applying the moving magnetic field, the moving magnetic field having a frequency in a range that avoids the standing wave frequency determined by the slab width is applied. It is possible to control the flow of molten steel in the mold. As a result, the amount of fluctuation in the mold surface caused by the standing wave can be greatly reduced, and in addition to the effect of applying the moving magnetic field, the effect of reducing the fluctuation in the mold surface caused by the standing wave overlaps with the deoxidation. It is possible to cast a clean slab without products, gas bubbles of an inert gas such as Ar gas, and mold powder entrainment, resulting in an industrially beneficial effect.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 and 2 are schematic views of a slab continuous casting machine used when carrying out the present invention, FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a mold part, and FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the mold part.

  1 and 2, the tundish 4 is disposed at a predetermined position above the mold 1 having the opposed mold long side 6 and the opposed mold short side 7 that is housed inside the mold long side 6. An upper nozzle 8 is installed at the bottom of the tundish 4, and a sliding nozzle 5 including a fixed plate 9, a sliding plate 10 and a rectifying nozzle 11 is disposed in contact with the lower surface of the upper nozzle 8. The immersion nozzle 2 having a pair of discharge holes 12 at the bottom is disposed in contact with the lower surface of the sliding nozzle 5, and a molten steel outflow hole 13 from the tundish 4 to the mold 1 is formed. In order to prevent alumina from adhering to the inner wall surface of the immersion nozzle 2, an inert gas such as Ar gas or nitrogen gas is blown into the molten steel outflow hole 13 from the upper nozzle 8, the fixing plate 9, the immersion nozzle 2, or the like. .

  On the back side of the mold long side 6, a total of four linear type moving magnetic field generators 3 divided into two on the left and right in the width direction of the mold long side 6 with the immersion nozzle 2 as a boundary are centered in the casting direction. The position is directly below the discharge hole 12 and is opposed to the long side 6 of the mold. Each linear moving magnetic field generator 3 is connected to a power source (not shown), and the power source is connected to a control device (not shown) for controlling the moving direction, magnetic field strength, and magnetic field frequency of the magnetic field. The magnetic field strength, the magnetic field moving direction, and the magnetic field frequency applied from the linear type moving magnetic field generator 3 by the power supplied from the power source based on the magnetic field moving direction, the magnetic field strength, and the magnetic field frequency input from the control device. Are controlled individually.

As shown in FIG. 1, each linear type moving magnetic field generator 3 is provided with a plurality of electromagnetic coils arranged in the width direction. By shifting the phase of current flowing through adjacent electromagnetic coils, a so-called linear type is provided. The moving magnetic field is generated. FIG. 1 shows a case where a magnetic field moving from the short side of the mold toward the immersion nozzle side at the center of the mold is applied. In FIG. 1, F _X represents an electromagnetic force acting on the molten steel, V _X represents a moving speed of the moving magnetic field, and _BY represents a magnetic flux density of the moving magnetic field. The moving speed V _{X of the} magnetic field is expressed by the above-described equation (2) from the pole pitch τ and the frequency f of the electromagnetic coil, and the electromagnetic force F _X is expressed by the above-described equation (4). The electromagnetic force F _X acts on the molten steel mainly in the same direction as the moving direction of the magnetic field at a frequency f.

  There are three types of application patterns of the moving magnetic field applied by the linear type moving magnetic field generator 3. When applying a braking force to the molten steel discharge flow 18 from the immersion nozzle 2, as shown in FIG. 4 is a direction from the short side 7 of the mold toward the immersion nozzle 2, and when a molten steel flow that rotates horizontally along the solidification interface is induced, as shown in FIG. In the case where the moving directions are opposite to each other along the opposite mold long sides 6 and an accelerating force is applied to the molten steel discharge flow 18 from the immersion nozzle 2, as shown in FIG. The direction is the direction from the immersion nozzle 2 toward the mold short side 7. 3, 4, and 5 are diagrams showing the moving direction of the magnetic field from directly above the mold 1, and the arrows in the drawings indicate the moving direction of the magnetic field.

  Below the mold 1, a plurality of guide rolls (not shown) for supporting the cast slab 19 to be cast and a plurality of pinch rolls 14 for drawing the slab 19 below the mold 1 are installed. ing. In FIG. 1, only one pinch roll 14 is shown, and the other pinch rolls are omitted.

  In the continuous casting machine configured as described above, the molten steel 15 is poured into the tundish 4 from a ladle (not shown), and then poured into the mold 1 through the molten steel outflow hole 13. The molten steel 15 becomes a molten steel discharge flow 18 toward the mold short side 7 and is injected into the mold. The molten steel 15 injected into the mold 1 is cooled by the mold 1 to form a solidified shell 16. Then, the slab 19 having the outer shell as the solidified shell 16 and the unsolidified molten steel 15 inside is continuously pulled out below the mold 1 by the pinch roll 14. When the slab 19 is drawn, the position of the molten steel surface 17 in the mold 1 is controlled to a substantially constant position, and the slab drawing speed is set to a predetermined speed. Mold powder 20 is added on the molten steel surface 17. The mold powder 20 is melted to prevent oxidation of the molten steel 15 and flows between the solidified shell 16 and the mold 1 to exert an effect as a lubricant.

At the time of casting, a moving magnetic field is applied by the linear moving magnetic field generator 3 to cause the electromagnetic force F _X to act on the molten steel 15 in the mold. At that time, the frequency f of the moving magnetic field is set to a frequency in a range avoiding the frequency of the standing wave determined by the width dimension of the slab 19. Specifically, the frequency f _{0 of the} standing wave in the width dimension of the cast slab 19 to be cast is obtained using the above-described equation (1). Table 1 shows the calculated values of the standing wave frequency f _{0 when} the width of the slab 19 is 1000 mm and 2000 mm.

As shown in Table 1, when the slab width of the slab 19 of 2000mm, the primary frequency f ₀ of the standing wave is 0.62 Hz, the frequency f ₀ of the secondary standing wave 0.88Hz , third-order frequency f ₀ of the standing wave 1.08Hz, 4-order frequency f ₀ of the standing wave is 1.25 Hz, the frequency f ₀ of the fifth-order standing wave is 1.40Hz, 2000mmm When casting a slab 19 having a width, a frequency f is set by removing these frequencies and applied at that frequency. In this case, since the generation of the standing wave is weakened when the order (n) is increased, it is not necessary to avoid all the frequencies of the order (n), and the frequencies after the fourth order or the fifth order are not avoided. Also good. That is, when casting a slab 19 having a width of 2000 mm, the frequency f of the moving magnetic field may be set to a fourth-order frequency of 1.25 Hz or higher. However, at least the 1st to 2nd order frequencies must be avoided. Needless to say, the frequency can be avoided on the lower side, and for example, it can be set to an intermediate frequency between the frequency f _{0 of the} primary standing wave and the frequency f ₀ of the secondary. Good.

  The application pattern of the moving magnetic field is, for example, the molten steel flow velocity on the molten steel surface 17 in the vicinity of the mold short side 7 when the moving magnetic field is not applied, among the three types of application patterns shown in FIGS. May be set according to the flow rate. That is, when the molten steel flow velocity in the vicinity of the mold short side 7 is fast (for example, 0.3 m / second or more), the application pattern shown in FIG. 3 is used, and when it is slow (for example, 0.20 m / second or less), The application pattern shown in FIG. 4 or the application pattern shown in FIG. 5 may be used. If the application pattern is further slow (0.10 m / second or less), the application pattern shown in FIG. 5 may be used. However, since the generation of standing waves becomes severe when high-speed casting is performed, the application pattern when applying the present invention is mainly the application pattern shown in FIG.

  The immersion nozzle 2 to be used may have a straight shape as shown in FIG. 2 as the inner hole portion forming the molten steel outflow hole 13. However, in order to further suppress the generation of standing waves, as shown in FIG. In addition, it is preferable to use the immersion nozzle 2 </ b> A having the step portion 22 that reduces the cross-sectional area of the molten steel outflow hole 13 in the inner hole portion 21.

  The inner diameter of the immersion nozzle 2 is 1.5 to 2 times the effective diameter required for the steady injection speed in order to prevent clogging due to adhesion of alumina or the like, or clogging due to the formation of metal at the start of casting. It is about bigger. Therefore, at the time of steady operation, the sliding plate 10 is shifted and the injection is performed in a state where the opening is reduced to a required opening for a predetermined injection speed. In the injection in the throttle state, the position of the opening formed by the fixed plate 9 and the sliding plate 10 is eccentric with respect to the center of the immersion nozzle 2, so that the molten steel flowing down the molten steel outflow hole 13 of the immersion nozzle 2. Therefore, a so-called “single-flow phenomenon” appears in which the molten steel discharge flow 18 from the discharge holes 12 becomes uneven. As a result, the flow of molten steel in the mold tends to generate a drift that is biased in a specific direction, and promotes a standing wave.

  On the other hand, in the immersion nozzle 2A in which the step portion 22 is installed in the inner hole portion 21, the molten steel flow velocity is increased at the step portion 22, the molten steel flow velocity downstream from the step portion 22 is increased, and the steady turbulent state is obtained. Therefore, the drift in the molten steel outflow hole 13 is eliminated, and the molten steel discharge flow 18 from the discharge hole 12 is made uniform. Thereby, a standing wave is also suppressed. In addition, although the level difference part 22 is one place in the immersion nozzle 2A shown in FIG. 6, you may install the level difference part 22 in two or more places.

  By casting by applying the moving magnetic field with the frequency f set in this way, it is possible to control the molten steel flow in the mold by the moving magnetic field while suppressing the generation of standing waves determined by the width of the slab. As a result, the amount of fluctuation in the mold surface caused by the standing wave is greatly reduced. As a result, the effect of reducing the fluctuation of the mold surface in the mold caused by the standing wave is added to the effect of applying the moving magnetic field. It is possible to stably cast a clean slab 19 having no object, gas bubbles of an inert gas such as Ar gas, and mold powder.

  In the above description, the example of the sliding nozzle 5 having the two-plate configuration is given. However, the present invention can be applied to the sliding nozzle having the three-plate configuration as described above. Further, the present invention can be applied to the stopper method along the above.

  1-2, a slab slab having a thickness of 250 mm and a width of 2100 mm was cast at a drawing speed of 2.4 m / min. For casting, C: 0.08 to 0.10% by mass, Si: 0.2 to 0.3% by mass, Mn: 1.0 to 1.2% by mass, P: 0.020% by mass or less, sol .Al: 0.02-0.04 mass% medium carbon Al killed steel was provided.

At that time, the moving magnetic field was applied from the linear type moving magnetic field generator with two frequencies of 1.0 Hz and 2.0 Hz in the application pattern shown in FIG. In addition, as the immersion nozzle, a normal one having an inner diameter of 90 mm in which no step portion is provided in the inner hole portion (referred to as “general nozzle”), a step having an inner diameter of the step portion of 80 mm and the other inner diameter of 90 mm. The one provided with a part (referred to as “step nozzle”) was used. And the hot water surface fluctuation | variation in a casting_mold | template was compared and investigated by the total of four levels, the case where the presence or absence of the level | step difference of an immersion nozzle, and the frequency of a moving magnetic field shall be 1.0 Hz, and 2.0 Hz. Incidentally, the frequency of the standing wave of the slab slab having a width of 2100 mm is 0.61 Hz for the primary frequency f ₀ , 0.86 Hz for the second frequency f ₀ , 1.06 Hz for the third frequency f ₀ , 4 The next frequency f ₀ is 1.22 Hz. Table 2 shows the casting conditions and the measurement results of the molten metal level.

As shown in Table 2, in test No. 1 in which the frequency of the moving magnetic field was 1.0 Hz using a general nozzle, the frequency was almost the same as the frequency f _{0 of} the third-order standing wave, The variation was 18 mm. On the other hand, in the test No. 3 in which the frequency of the moving magnetic field is 2.0 Hz which is higher than the frequency f ₀ of the fourth-order standing wave using a general nozzle, the average molten metal surface fluctuation amount is 5 mm. In Test No. 4 in which a step nozzle was used and the frequency of the moving magnetic field was 2.0 Hz, the average molten metal surface fluctuation amount was 4 mm. In test No. 2 in which a step nozzle was used but the frequency of the moving magnetic field was 1.0 Hz, the average molten metal surface fluctuation amount was 15 mm, and although the molten metal surface fluctuation was smaller than test No. 1, test No. 3 Compared with Test No. 4, the molten metal surface fluctuation was large and the effect was small. That is, by applying the present invention, it has been confirmed that the amount of fluctuation of the molten metal surface in the mold can be significantly reduced.

It is the schematic of the slab continuous casting machine used when implementing this invention, and is a schematic perspective view of a casting_mold | template part. It is the schematic of the slab continuous casting machine used when implementing this invention, and is a schematic front view of a casting_mold | template part. It is an application pattern in the case of giving braking force to molten steel discharge flow. It is an application pattern in the case of inducing a flow that rotates in the horizontal direction. It is an application pattern in the case of giving acceleration force to a molten steel discharge flow. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the immersion nozzle which has a level | step-difference part in an inner hole part.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mold 2 Immersion nozzle 3 Linear type moving magnetic field generator 4 Tundish 5 Sliding nozzle 6 Mold long side 7 Mold short side 8 Upper nozzle 9 Fixed plate 10 Sliding plate 11 Rectification nozzle 12 Discharge hole 13 Molten steel outflow hole 14 Pinch roll 15 Molten steel 16 Solidified shell 17 Molten steel surface 18 Molten steel discharge flow 19 Cast piece 20 Mold powder 21 Inner hole portion 22 Stepped portion

Claims (4)

As a magnetic field generator for applying a magnetic field to molten steel in a mold, a linear type moving magnetic field generator is used as a slab continuous casting machine arranged on the back side of the long side of the mold, and the linear type moving magnetic field generator is used. the moving magnetic field to the molten steel in the mold is applied Te, when controlling the flow of the molten steel, the frequency of the moving magnetic field to be applied, based on the long side width of the slab slab casting, the mode (1) below A steel continuous casting method characterized in that when the order n is 1, 2 and 3, the range is avoided from the standing wave frequency calculated by the equation (1) .
f ₀ = [(ng) / (4πL)] ^0.5 (1)
In Equation (1), f ₀ is the standing wave frequency (Hz), n is the mode order, g is the gravitational acceleration (m / sec ² ), and L is the long side width (m) of the slab slab. . The linear type moving magnetic field generator is divided into two on the left and right in the width direction of the long side of the mold, with the immersion nozzle immersed in the molten steel in the mold as a boundary. 2. The steel according to claim 1, wherein the steel is composed of a moving magnetic field generator, and the center position in the casting direction of the four linear type moving magnetic field generators is immediately below the discharge hole position of the immersion nozzle. Continuous casting method. The steel continuous casting method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the frequency of the moving magnetic field applied from the linear type moving magnetic field generator is 2.0 Hz or less. As an immersion nozzle for injecting molten steel from the tundish into the mold, characterized by the use of the immersion nozzle 1 stage or a plurality of stepped portions in the inner hole portion is formed flowing down of the molten steel, claims 1 to 3 The continuous casting method of steel according to any one of the above.

Images