JP4889446B2 - Wet vibration sieve device and wet vibration sieve method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention comprises a screen mechanism having a screen surface and a vibration mechanism for vibrating the screen mechanism, and a wet vibration sieving apparatus and a wet vibration for classifying a classification target placed in the screen mechanism while transporting it. It relates to a sieving method.

  Incineration ash discharged from a garbage incinerator is generally landfilled at a final disposal site, or is melted at a high temperature in a melting furnace and reduced to a chemically stable slag. In view of problems such as saturation of the capacity of the final disposal site, it is considered to be reused as a raw material for cement.

  When reusing incinerated ash as a cement raw material, the presence of chloride ions above a certain level in the cement raw material breaks the passive film on the reinforcing bars and promotes corrosion. When firing in a rotary kiln or the like after heat treatment, there is a problem that the device is corroded by the chlorine component contained in the incineration ash, so it is necessary to wash the incineration ash with water to remove chlorine.

  Generally, incinerated ash with a smaller particle size has a higher chlorine content, so when incinerating ash with a large and small particle size is washed at the same time, not only a large amount of washing water is required, but also the chlorine removal rate does not increase so much. Cleaning efficiency decreases. Therefore, it is necessary to improve cleaning efficiency by classifying the incinerated ash using a wet vibration sieving apparatus and then cleaning it.

  On the other hand, also in the purification treatment of soil contaminated with harmful substances, the washing efficiency can be increased by washing after classifying the soil to be purified as described above.

Conventionally, as a wet vibration sieving device for classifying and cleaning contaminated soil, Patent Document 1 discloses that the earth and sand transported on the screen by a damming plate provided on the screen is once dammed, and the vibration by the vibration excitation mechanism. Drain the soil by the action of the above, crush the well-drained earth and sand that surpasses the weir plate with a stirring blade, and spray high-pressure water to separate the pollutants together with fine particles. Technology was proposed.
JP 2004-141783 A

  However, as shown in FIG. 6, when the classification target P is a wet substance, the classification target P adheres to the screen of the sieve 34 to cause clogging and cannot be classified. Objects P having a small particle size adhere to objects having a large diameter, or objects having a small particle size adhere to each other and tend to be agglomerated, and the objects having a small particle size that should be originally sieved remain on the sieve. There is a strong tendency, especially when separating fine particles with a sieving particle size of about 2 mm or less, if the classification target contains moisture, even if it is shaken while sprinkling the classification target, depending on the conditions There was a problem that classification could not be performed effectively due to a cause such as an object having a small particle size reattached to an object having a large particle size.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a wet vibration sieving apparatus capable of efficient classification even when the classification target is a wet substance.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the wet vibration sieving device according to the present invention is characterized in that a screen mechanism having a sieving surface and a vibration of the screen mechanism are provided as described in claim 1 of the appended claims. A wet vibration sieving device for classifying the classification target placed in the screen mechanism while conveying the classification target, wherein the screen mechanism has a non-classification conveyance surface without classification holes. The separation action water having a velocity component from the downstream side in the conveyance direction of the classification target object to the upstream side is supplied to the non- classification conveyance surface along the inclined surface. against the flow of water flowing down with the separating action water supply mechanism to form a layer of water of predetermined thickness Rutotomoni classifying hole for dropping the classified objects on the downstream side of the unbranched class conveying surface is formed Te Tei equipped with a sieve surface There is a point.

  As a result of intensive research, the inventor of the present application flows down along an inclined surface with respect to a wet material in which particles having a particle size of, for example, a particle size of 5 mm to 1 mm or less are conveyed on a non-classified conveyance surface. Since the separation working water having a velocity component that resists the flow of water is supplied from the separation working water supply mechanism, a water layer having a certain thickness is formed on the non-classified transport surface. The classification target in the portion of the water layer that has been submerged is washed away from the large-diameter particles by the water, and the separation proceeds without reattachment. At this time, since the separation action water is supplied in the direction opposite to the transport direction of the massive classification target object, the retention time of the classification target object on the non-classification transport surface is increased, and the separation effect is enhanced and the cleaning effect is enhanced. It is. The classified objects thus separated are efficiently classified by the sieve surface disposed on the downstream side of the non-classified conveying surface.

  As described in claim 2, the second characteristic configuration is that, in addition to the first characteristic configuration described above, crushing means is provided on the upstream side of the non-classified transport surface.

  According to the above-described configuration, since the massive classification objects are finely crushed by the crushing means before the classification objects are separated from each other on the non-classification conveyance surface, the separation process is more effectively performed. become.

  In the third characteristic configuration, as described in claim 3, in addition to the second characteristic configuration described above, the crushing means includes a weir for retaining the classified object, and retention of the classified object by the weir. It is in the point comprised by the crushing water supply mechanism which supplies crushing water to a part.

  When the massive classification target object conveyed on the sieve surface by vibration hits the weir, the classification target object stays on the upstream side. At this time, a circulation phenomenon of the classification target object occurs in the stay portion due to the effect of vibration. Due to such a circulation retention phenomenon, the massive classification objects are rubbed against each other and gradually crushed to reduce the particle size. When water is sprinkled into such a retention part by the crushing water supply mechanism, the impact force of the sprinkling is accurately given to the massive classification target object that is staying and can be efficiently disintegrated. As a result, a long contact time of water and water is ensured, so that cleaning can be performed efficiently. In addition, if the retention amount on the upstream side of the weir increases, the crushed classification object will get over the weir and be transported downstream, but the impact when it falls from the weir and collides with the sieve surface The crushing is further advanced by force. In this way, the classified object that has been crushed to a certain extent and reduced in particle size is conveyed to the non-classified conveying surface according to the first characteristic configuration, so that further cleaning and separation of the classified objects adhered to each other proceeds, and Will be classified.

  In the fourth feature configuration, as described in claim 4, in addition to the second or third feature configuration described above, a sieve surface is formed between the non-classified transport surface and the weir. It is in.

  According to the above-described configuration, the classification object having a small diameter crushed by the weir is classified by the sieving surface, so that it is possible to effectively prevent reattachment of particles in the middle of conveyance, and the remaining massive classification object. Can be transported to the downstream non-classified transport surface.

  In the fifth feature configuration, in addition to any one of the first to fourth feature configurations described above, the classification target object is soil contaminated with incinerated ash or harmful substances. Appropriate classification should be applied to incinerated ash mixed with various particle sizes, or to wet substances that are agglomerated in a moist state such as soil contaminated with harmful substances or mineral oil, etc., and difficult to classify with the actual particle size. Will be able to.

The wet vibration sieving method according to the present invention is characterized in that the wet vibration sieving method according to the present invention is characterized in that the screen mechanism on which the sieving surface is formed is vibrated and classified while transporting the classification target object, as described in claim 6. The first non-classified conveyance is performed by performing the first classification process for dropping the classified object after the classified object is crushed on the upstream side of the non-classified conveying surface having no classification hole formed in the screen mechanism. Separation action water having a velocity component from the downstream side to the upstream side in the conveying direction of the classification object is supplied to the surface, and water of a predetermined thickness is resisted against the flow of water flowing down along the inclined surface. After the classification target is separated by forming a layer, a second classification process is performed in which the classification target is dropped .

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a wet vibration sieving apparatus capable of efficiently classifying even if the classification target is a wet substance.

  Below, the wet vibration sieve apparatus by this invention which uses the incineration ash produced in the garbage incineration equipment as the classification target will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the incineration ash treatment equipment includes a jig sorting device 20 as a washing device for washing the incinerated ash discharged from the incinerator while separating unsorted and unsuitable materials, and the washed incineration. First and second classifiers 30 and 40 for classifying incinerated ash in ascending order from the largest to the smallest based on the reference particle size set in advance based on the chlorine content from the ash, and each of the classifiers 30 and 40 The first and second re-cleaning devices 50 and 60 that are installed in the subsequent stage and re-wash the remaining incineration ash, the first dehydration device 70 that dehydrates the incineration ash re-washed by the second re-cleaning device 60, etc. It is prepared for.

  The jig sorting device 20 is supplied to a cleaning tank 21 composed of a U-shaped tube filled with cleaning water, a vibration mechanism 22 for pulsating the cleaning water filled in the cleaning tank 21, and the cleaning tank 21. A suspended matter separation mechanism 23 that separates suspended matter from the incinerated ash, an unsuitable matter removal mechanism 24 that removes metals and glass larger than the maximum reference particle size, and the suspended matter and unsuitable matter are removed, The bucket-type transport mechanism 25 that transports the incinerated ash that has settled on to the first classifier 30 in the subsequent stage together with the cleaning water, and the cleaning water supplement that replenishes the cleaning tank 21 with the cleaning water reduced in the transport processing by the transport mechanism 25 A mechanism 26 is provided.

  The vibration mechanism 22 is disposed at one end of a U-shaped tube, and includes a motor, a rotating plate connected to the motor, and a water vibrating plate connected to the rotating plate via a piston. When the rotating disk is rotated by driving the motor, the water vibration plate connected via the piston is moved up and down to raise and lower the water surface at one end of the washing tank 21, thereby washing water in the washing tank 21. Pulsates. By pulsating the surface of the washing water, the suspended matter and the unsuitable matter are removed while performing a washing process in which the incinerated ash containing the suspended matter and the unsuitable matter thrown into the washing tank 21 is dispersed and washed in the tank. .

  The transport mechanism 25 is composed of a bucket conveyor mechanism in which a plurality of buckets having a plurality of small-diameter openings formed on the side thereof are arranged in parallel along an endless track, and cleans the incinerated ash that has settled and accumulated on the bottom of the cleaning tank 21. It is scraped out with a bucket together with water and transported to the first classifier 30.

  The first classifying device 30 classifies the incinerated ash having a diameter smaller than 10 mm washed by the jig sorting device 20 into coarse ash having a particle size of 2 mm or more and first fine ash having a particle size of less than 2 mm. The classified coarse ash having a particle size of 2 mm or more is put into the first watering device 35 and then dehydrated and recovered as a cement raw material. The first fine ash having a particle size of less than 2 mm is put into the first rewashing device 50. And washed again.

  The first re-cleaning device 50 includes a stirring device 50b having a stirring motor 50a, and a treated water transport pipe 50d that transports the cleaned incineration ash to the second classifying device 40 through a pump 50c. The re-washed first fine ash is further classified by the second classifier 40.

  The second classifier 40 is composed of a wet cyclone and classifies it into second fine ash having a particle size of 0.15 mm to 2 mm and third fine ash having a particle size of less than 0.15 mm. The classified second fine ash is put into the second re-cleaning device 60 and washed again, and the third fine ash is put into the slurrying device and further washed.

  The second re-cleaning device 60 includes a stirring device 60b having a stirring motor 60a, and a treated water transport pipe 60d for transporting the re-washed incinerated ash to the first dehydrating device 70 via the pump 60c. The re-washed second fine ash is dehydrated by the first dehydrator 70 and then recovered as a cement raw material.

  The filtrate produced in the first dewatering device 70 is stored in the dewatered filtrate tank 75, a part of which is used to replenish the washing water of the jig sorting device 20, and the remaining liquid is sent to the water treatment device 80. It is discharged after it is properly purified.

  The first classifying device 30 is constituted by a wet vibrating sieve device according to the present invention. This will be described in detail below. As shown in FIG. 1, the wet vibration sieve device 30 includes a screen mechanism 33 supported by a machine base 31 via a spring mechanism 32, and vibrations that vibrate the screen mechanism 33 in the direction of the arrow indicated by a dashed line in the drawing. A motor 38 is provided.

  The screen mechanism 33 includes a sieving surface 34 having a 2 mm classification hole (sieving mesh), an input unit 35 for feeding a classification target object to the sieving surface 34, and an unsieved product (the first product passing through the sieving surface 34). A first recovery part 36 for recovering fine ash) and a second recovery part 37 for recovering a large-diameter on-screen product (coarse ash) that does not pass through the sieving surface 34. It is covered with a cover body 39 that prevents dust from scattering. In addition, the size of the classification hole (sieve) is appropriately set according to the classification object.

  The classification object P input from the input unit 35 is conveyed while being classified toward the second recovery unit 37 while vibrating on the sieve surface 34 that is vibrated by the excitation force of the vibration motor 38.

  On the upstream side of the screen mechanism 33, there is provided a weir 1 for retaining the charged classification target object, and the massive classification target object P that is vibrated and conveyed is circulated and retained on the upstream side thereof. 1 is provided with a first water supply mechanism 2 as a crushed water supply mechanism for supplying the crushed water to the retention portion 1a of the classification object by 1. That is, the dam 1 and the first water supply mechanism 2 constitute a crushing means for crushing the massive classification target P.

  The first water supply mechanism 2 is an upper part of the staying portion 1a and is arranged in a direction orthogonal to the conveying direction of the classification target P, and is configured by a water supply pipe in which a plurality of injection ports are formed along the orthogonal direction. Yes.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in the staying portion 1a, a circulation phenomenon of the classification target P (circulates in the direction indicated by the arrow shown on the upstream side of the weir 1 in the drawing) occurs due to the effect of vibration. Due to the circulation retention phenomenon, the massive classification objects are rubbed against each other and gradually crushed to reduce the particle size. At this time, the massive shape where the impact force of the water spray by the first water supply mechanism 2 is retained. Is given to the classification object P and efficiently crushed. Such a crushing process is continued for the residence time, and a long contact time of the classification target object and water is ensured and the washing is performed efficiently.

  When the accumulation amount of the classification object P on the upstream side of the weir 1 increases, the crushed classification object P gets over the weir 1 and is conveyed to the downstream side. Crushing further proceeds due to the impact force when colliding with the surface 34.

  The classification target P that has been crushed to a certain small diameter in the staying part 1a is classified by the sieve surface 34 on the downstream side of the weir 1 and then conveyed to the non-classified conveyance surface 3 having no classification holes. The non-classified transport surface 3 is composed of a plate-shaped body such as a thin rubber plate, and is arranged so that the downstream side in the transport direction of the classified object P is inclined downward.

  A second water supply mechanism 4 is provided as a separation working water supply mechanism for supplying separation working water having a velocity component from the downstream side to the upstream side in the conveyance direction of the classification target P with respect to the non-classification conveyance surface 3. Yes. The second water supply mechanism 4 is an upper part of the non-classified transport surface 3 on the downstream side, and is arranged in a direction orthogonal to the transport direction of the classification target P, and a water supply in which a plurality of injection ports are formed along the orthogonal direction. Consists of tubes.

  Separation action water having a velocity component that resists the flow of water flowing along the inclined surface is supplied from the second water supply mechanism 4 to the wet classified object P conveyed on the non-classified conveyance surface 3. Therefore, a water layer having a certain thickness is formed on the non-classified transport surface 3. The angle of the inclined surface may be such an angle that the sprinkled water gently flows down in the transport direction and the above water layer is formed by the water sprayed against the flow velocity.

  The portion of the classification target P submerged in the water layer is washed away from the large-diameter particles by the water, and the separation proceeds without reattachment. At this time, since the separation action water is supplied in the direction opposite to the transport direction of the massive classification target object, the retention time of the classification target object on the non-classification transport surface is increased, and the separation effect is enhanced and the cleaning effect is enhanced. . The classified objects thus separated are efficiently classified by the sieve surface 34 disposed on the downstream side of the non-classified transport surface.

  The result of classifying incineration ash by the above-described wet vibration sieve device is shown in FIG. In the figure, the characteristic indicated by the black rhombus indicates the particle size distribution before classification treatment obtained by sequentially classifying while washing with a plurality of sieves, and the characteristic indicated by the white square in the figure is The composition of the product on a sieve obtained by classifying while spraying water with the apparatus which removed the weir and the non-classification conveyance surface from the above-mentioned wet vibration sieve apparatus is shown. As is clear from the figure, it can be seen that classification with water spray alone is almost the same as the composition of raw ash. On the other hand, the characteristics indicated by white triangles in the figure indicate the composition of the product on the sieve classified by the wet vibrating sieve device according to the present invention, and ash having a particle size smaller than 2 mm is clearly classified effectively. I understand that.

  That is, when the screen mechanism 33 on which the sieving surface 34 is formed is vibrated and classified while transporting the classification target P, the non-classified transport surface 3 having no classification hole formed in the screen mechanism 33 is used. The classifying object is retained by the weir 1 provided on the upstream side, the first classification process is performed after the classification object is crushed by supplying crushed water to the staying portion, and the non-classified transport surface Difficult to classify by performing a second classification process after supplying the separation action water having a velocity component from the downstream side to the upstream side in the conveying direction of the classification object to 3 and separating the classification object Even a wet product can be effectively classified.

  Another embodiment of the present invention will be described below. In the above-described embodiment, the dam 1 is provided at one location in the upstream region of the screen mechanism. However, the number of dams 1 is not limited to this, and a plurality of dams may be provided.

  The height and width of the weir 1 are not particularly limited, and may be appropriately set according to the classification object. In the above-described embodiment, the height of the weir 1 in the direction perpendicular to the sieve surface 34 is about 30 mm, and the width is about 90 mm.

  In addition, the length of the non-classified transport surface 3 arranged along the transport direction of the classification target P is not particularly limited, and may be set as appropriate according to the classification target.

  The water pressure supplied by the first water supply mechanism and the second water supply mechanism is not particularly limited, but can be effectively crushed by supplying a certain amount of pressurized water.

  In the above-described embodiment, the crushing means is configured by a weir that retains the classification target object and a crushing water supply mechanism that supplies crushing water to the retention part of the classification target object by the weir. It may be configured only by a weir that retains the classified object, and depending on the classified object, a substantially sufficient crushing effect may be obtained.

Further, the crushing means is not limited to a dam or a dam and a crushed water supply mechanism, and as shown in FIG. The crushing means is configured by a rotary blade mechanism 5 that rotates around a rotation axis 5a arranged in an orthogonal direction, scrapes the classified object P conveyed on the sieve surface 34, and drops it from above. Also good.

  In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the classification target object is incineration ash has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For soil and the like excavated for purification treatment of soil contaminated with harmful substances Also, the wet vibration sieve device according to the present invention can be used.

  The specific configuration of each part described in the above-described embodiment is merely an example, and it is needless to say that the shape, dimensions, material, and the like can be appropriately changed and designed within the scope of the effects of the present invention.

(A) is explanatory drawing which looked at the wet vibration sieve apparatus by this invention from the front, (b) was explanatory drawing seen from the side Explanatory drawing of the classification system of the incineration ash incorporating the first classifier which is a wet vibration sieve device according to the present invention Explanatory drawing of the classification process by the wet vibration sieve method by this invention Classification characteristics diagram of wet vibration sieve device according to the present invention Explanatory drawing which looked at the wet vibration sieve apparatus which shows another embodiment of a crushing mechanism from the front Explanatory drawing of classification process by conventional wet vibration sieving method

1: Crushing mechanism (weir)
2: Water supply mechanism (first water supply mechanism)
3: Non-classified transport surface 4: Water supply mechanism (second water supply mechanism)
5: Disintegration mechanism (rotary blade mechanism)
30: Wet vibration sieve device 33: Screen mechanism 34: Sieve surface 36: First recovery part 37: Second recovery part 38: Vibration motor

Claims (6)

A wet-type vibration sieving device comprising a screen mechanism on which a sieving surface is formed, and a vibration mechanism for vibrating the screen mechanism, and classifying the material to be classified while being conveyed to the screen mechanism,
The screen mechanism has a non-classifying conveyance surface without a classification hole formed so that a downstream side in the conveyance direction of the classification target object is inclined downward, and from the downstream side in the conveyance direction of the classification target object to the upstream side with respect to the non-classification conveyance surface. by supplying separation action water with a velocity component, against the flow of water flowing down along the inclined surface with a separating action water supply Organization of forming a layer of water of predetermined thickness Rutotomoni, wherein A wet vibration sieving device including a sieving surface in which a classification hole for dropping an object to be classified is formed on the downstream side of the non-classifying conveyance surface .   The wet vibration sieving device according to claim 1, further comprising a crushing means for crushing a massive classification target object on the upstream side of the non-classified conveying surface.   3. The wet vibration sieving device according to claim 2, wherein the crushing means includes a weir for retaining the classification target object and a crushing water supply mechanism for supplying crushing water to a retention part of the classification target object by the weir. .   The wet vibration sieving device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a sieving surface is formed between the non-classified transport surface and the crushing means.   The wet vibration sieving device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the classification target is incinerated ash or soil contaminated with harmful substances. A wet vibration sieving method in which a screen mechanism on which a sieving surface is formed is vibrated and classified while transporting a classification target object,
A first classifying process is performed to drop the classified object after the classified object is crushed on the upstream side of the non-classified conveying surface formed in the screen mechanism without the classification hole, and the non-classified conveying surface Separation action water having a velocity component from the downstream side to the upstream side in the conveyance direction of the classification target object is supplied to form a water layer having a predetermined thickness against the flow of water flowing down along the inclined surface. A wet vibration sieving method for performing a second classification process for dropping a classification target object after separating the classification target object .