JP4879578B2 - Plant vitality agent - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant vitality agent and a method for improving plant vitality by using these on the leaves of plants. Here, hereinafter, the “plant” represents a plant, fruit, fruit tree, cereal, seed, bulb, flower, herb (herb), taxonomic plant, etc. that can be recognized from the word of the plant itself. .

  Promoting the growth of crops and increasing yields by increasing the yield per unit area is an important issue in agricultural production. For the purpose of improving productivity, etc. Fertilizer containing is used.

  Fertilizer is applied to the plant as fertilizer or as additional fertilizer, or in the form of liquid soil irrigation or foliar application, but even if given above a certain level, the growth and yield of the plant do not improve so much . On the contrary, if fertilizer is supplied excessively, the nutritional balance in the soil may be lost or the plant may be stressed, which may adversely affect the growth of the plant.

  For this reason, various plant growth regulators are used separately from fertilizers. For example, plant growth regulators represented by gibberellins and auxins are used to regulate germination, rooting, elongation, flowering, fruit growth, and morphogenesis reactions. Is multi-faceted and complex and has limited applications.

  In order to solve such problems, foliar spraying using oligosaccharides (Patent Document 1) or liquid fertilizer containing sugar, minerals, amino acids, seaweed extract or microbial fermentation extract is foliar sprayed. Techniques such as solution fertilization are known.

Patent Document 2 discloses a plant vitality agent composed of a monohydric alcohol having 12 to 24 carbon atoms. This agent has no phytotoxicity and can efficiently impart vitality to a plant body. Patent Document 3 discloses a powdery plant vital agent containing a specific compound such as a monohydric alcohol having 12 to 24 carbon atoms, an emulsifying / dispersing agent, and a water-soluble saccharide.
JP-A-9-322647 JP 2000-198703 A JP 2003-123540 A

  When a plant vital agent is applied to the leaves of a plant and applied, sufficient effects are difficult to obtain unless the properties such as wettability, stickiness, permeability, dispersibility and solubilization are comprehensive. In addition, depending on the type of plant, the growth stage, the cultivation method, and the like, it may be desirable that the plant vitality effect is expressed in a wide effective concentration. However, in patent documents 1-3, it cannot be said that it is fully considered about obtaining the plant vital agent effective for foliar application from such a background.

  The subject of this invention is providing the plant vitality agent which can obtain the outstanding plant vitality effect by a wide effective ingredient density | concentration, when applying by spraying on the leaf surface of a plant.

  The present invention is an emulsifying / dispersing agent (B) selected from the compound (A) represented by the following general formula (1-1) [hereinafter referred to as component (A)], gums, esterified starch, and water-soluble protein. ) [Hereinafter referred to as component (B)], nonionic surfactant (excluding sucrose fatty acid ester, glycerin fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester), cationic surfactant, betaine amphoteric surfactant, and paraffins A plant vitality agent containing at least one spreading agent (C) [hereinafter referred to as component (C)], and a method for treating a plant, wherein the plant vitality agent of the present invention is sprayed on the leaves of a plant. .

[Wherein R ¹¹ is a hydrocarbon group having 10 to 22 carbon atoms, R ¹² is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, R ¹³ is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms. And any two of R ¹¹ , R ¹² and R ¹³ may be combined to form a ring. ]

  According to the present invention, a plant vital agent capable of obtaining an excellent plant vitality effect with a wide range of effective component concentrations can be obtained, particularly when applied to the leaves of plants.

<(A) component>
Component (A1) In the general formula (1-1), the hydrocarbon groups of R ¹¹ , R ¹² and R ¹³ may be either saturated or unsaturated, preferably saturated, and are linear, branched, Any of cyclic | annular form may be sufficient, Preferably it is linear or branched, Most preferably, it is linear. Further, any two of R ¹¹ , R ¹² and R ¹³ may be combined to form a ring. Further, the total number of carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon group may be an odd number or an even number, but an even number is preferable.

The total number of carbon atoms of R ¹¹ , R ¹² and R ¹³ is preferably 50 or less, more preferably 10 to 48, still more preferably 10 to 44, particularly preferably 10 to 22, most preferably 12 to 20.

In the formula (1-1), the carbon number of R ¹¹ is preferably 14 to 22, more preferably 14 to 20, more preferably from 14 to 18. In addition, the compound represented by the general formula (1-1) preferably has a total carbon number of 12 to 48, more preferably 16 to 28, and particularly preferably 16 to 24. Further, those having a total carbon number of 12 to 24 and having one hydroxyl group are preferred, particularly those having a total carbon number of 14 to 22 and having one hydroxyl group, and having a total carbon number of 16 to 20 and having one hydroxyl group. Is most preferred. Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (1-1) include the following.

(A-1)
1-alkanol represented by CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) _o-1 OH (o is an integer of 12 to 24, preferably 14 to 24, more preferably 14 to 22, particularly preferably 16 to 20). That is, as the compound represented by the general formula (1-1), a monohydric alcohol having 12 to 24 carbon atoms can be given. Specifically, 1-dodecanol, 1-tridecanol, 1-tetradecanol, 1-pentadecanol, 1-hexadecanol, 1-heptadecanol, 1-octadecanol, 1-nonadecanol, 1-eicosanol 1-heneicosanol, 1-docosanol, 1-tricosanol, 1-tetracosanol.

(A-2)
2-alkanol represented by CH ₃ CH (OH) (CH ₂ ) _p-3 CH ₃ (p is an integer of 12 to 24, preferably 16 to 24, more preferably 16 to 20). Specifically, 2-dodecanol, 2-tridecanol, 2-tetradecanol, 2-pentadecanol, 2-hexadecanol, 2-heptadecanol, 2-octadecanol, 2-nonadecanol, 2-icosanol Etc.

(A-3)
_{CH 2 = CH (CH 2)} q-2 OH (q is 12 to 24, preferably 16 to 24, more preferably an integer of 16 to 20) include terminally unsaturated alcohol represented by. Specific examples include 11-dodecene-1-ol, 12-tridecene-1-ol, 15-hexadecene-1-ol, and the like.

(A-4)
Other unsaturated long-chain alcohols include oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, linoleyl alcohol, linoleyl alcohol, eleostearyl alcohol (α or β), ricinoyl alcohol, phytol and the like.

(A-5)
_{HOCH 2 CH (OH) (CH} 2) r-2 H (r is 12 to 24, preferably 16 to 24, more preferably an integer of 16 to 20) include 1,2-diol represented by. Specific examples include 1,2-dodecanediol, 1,2-tetradecanediol, 1,2-hexadecanediol, 1,2-octadecanediol, and the like.

  Of the above (A-1) to (A-5), (A-1), (A-2), (A-4), and (A-5) are preferable, and (A-1), (A- 2) and (A-4) are more preferred, (A-1) and (A-4) are more preferred, and (A-1), especially 1-octadecanol (stearyl alcohol) is particularly preferred.

  When the form is powder, the content of the component (A) in the plant vital agent of the present invention is preferably 3% by weight or more, more preferably 5% by weight or more, from the viewpoint of economy. Also, from the viewpoint of particle solubility and effect expression, 70% by weight or less of the plant vital agent is preferable, and 50% by weight or less is more preferable. Therefore, from the viewpoint of economy, solubility, and effect expression, the content is preferably 5 to 70% by weight, more preferably 10 to 50% by weight of the plant vital agent.

<(B) component>
The component (B) is not particularly limited as long as the component (A) has a function of stably emulsifying and dispersing the component (A) as oil droplets in the particles and does not adversely affect the step of forming particles.

Examples of gums include gum arabic and xanthan gum. Examples of the esterified processed starch include octenyl succinic acid starch. Examples of the water-soluble protein include sodium caseinate, gelatin, milk protein, soybean protein and the like.

  Among these, it is preferable to use at least one emulsifying / dispersing agent that exhibits a solid state at normal temperature from the viewpoint of effect expression, emulsifying / dispersing ability, and particle forming properties. Specifically, water-soluble proteins such as gelatin and sodium caseinate, esterified starches such as octenyl succinate starch, and xanthan gum are preferred, sodium caseinate and octenyl succinate starch are more preferred, and octenyl succinate starch is particularly preferred.

  The octenyl succinic acid starch has a hydrophilicity as shown in the following reaction formula (St in the formula is a starch residue) by gradually dropping octenyl succinic anhydride into a slightly alkaline starch suspension. It is obtained as an esterified starch having a hydrophobic group. In that case, esterified starch having various degrees of substitution can be obtained depending on the amount of octenyl succinic anhydride added.

  In addition, as the component (b), two or more of the above emulsifying / dispersing agents may be used in combination as necessary. Depending on the combination, a composite effect can be expected.

  When the form is powder, the content of the component (B) in the plant vital agent of the present invention is preferably 1% by weight or more, more preferably 5% by weight or more, from the viewpoint of emulsification / dispersibility. . Further, from the viewpoints of effect expression, particle solubility, and cost, 60% by weight or less of the plant vital agent is preferable, 50% by weight or less is more preferable, 40% by weight or less is particularly preferable, and 30% by weight or less is most preferable. Therefore, from the viewpoint of effect expression, emulsification / dispersibility, solubility and cost, the content is preferably 1 to 60% by weight of the plant vital agent, more preferably 1 to 50% by weight, and particularly preferably 5 to 40% by weight. Preferably, 5 to 30% by weight is most preferable.

  The weight ratio (B) / (A) of the component (B) to the component (A) is preferably 1/5 to 5/1 from the viewpoint of stably expressing the effect and obtaining good solubility. / 3 to 3/1 is more preferable.

<(C) component>
The component (C) is a component intended for spreading, and is used to enhance the adhesion, adhesion, and permeability of the component (A) and enhance the effect. From this viewpoint, in the present invention, one type selected from nonionic surfactants (excluding sucrose fatty acid esters, glycerin fatty acid esters, polyglycerin fatty acid esters), cationic surfactants, betaine amphoteric surfactants, and paraffins. The above spreading agents are used. The component (C) is preferably one or more selected from the above-mentioned nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants and paraffins, which have high sticking properties.

  Among the components (C), as the nonionic surfactant, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyalkylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyalkylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyalkylene glycerin fatty acid ester, polyoxyalkylene polyglycerin fatty acid ester, resin acid ester, Polyoxyalkylene resin acid ester, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether, polyoxyalkylene alkyl phenyl ether, alkyl (poly) glycoside, polyoxyalkylene alkyl (poly) glycoside and the like can be mentioned. Preferably, an ether group-containing nonionic surfactant containing no nitrogen atom and an ester group-containing nonionic surfactant are used. Among them, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyalkylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyalkylene resin acid ester, polyoxyalkylene fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyalkylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyalkylene resin acid ester, especially polyoxyalkylene resin Acid esters are preferred nonionic surfactants.

  Among the components (C), as the cationic surfactant, alkylamine ethylene oxide adduct, alkylamine propylene oxide adduct, such as tallow amine ethylene oxide adduct, oleylamine ethylene oxide adduct, soiamine ethylene oxide adduct , Cocoamine ethylene oxide adducts, synthetic alkylamine ethylene oxide adducts, octylamine ethylene oxide adducts, alkanolamine alkyl esterified products described in WO 95/33379, alkylene oxide adducts thereof, etc., and 4 derived from these compounds There are quaternary ammonium compounds as well as mixtures thereof. Of these, quaternary ammonium salt type cationic surfactants are preferred.

  Among the components (C), betaine-type amphoteric surfactants include alkyldimethylbetaine, alkylhydroxyethylbetaine, acylamidopropylhydroxypropylammonium sulfobetaine, acylamidopropylhydroxypropylammonium sulfobetaine, and amidopropyldimethyl ricinoleate. Examples thereof include carboxymethyl ammonia betaine.

  Among the components (C), examples of the paraffins include spreading agents known by registered names of Vanguard A (paraffin content 16% by weight) and Petane V (paraffin content 42% by weight).

  The content of the component (C) in the plant vital agent of the present invention is preferably 3% by weight or more, more preferably 5% by weight or more of the plant vital agent from the viewpoint of the spreading effect when the form is powder. . Further, from the viewpoint of phytotoxicity to plants and economic efficiency, 95% by weight or less of the plant vital agent is preferable, and 90% by weight or less is more preferable. Therefore, from the viewpoint of spreading effect, phytotoxicity, and economy, the content is preferably 3 to 95% by weight, more preferably 3 to 90% by weight, and particularly preferably 5 to 90% by weight of the plant vital agent.

<(D) component>
The plant vitality agent of the present invention can further contain a water-soluble saccharide (D). The component (D) is an excipient and is a water-soluble saccharide that is used to fix the component (A) as oil droplets to form particles, and dissolves rapidly when contacted with water. Examples include glucose, fructose, lactose, maltose, sucrose, dextrin, cyclodextrin, maltose, fructose, pullulan, sugar alcohols such as sorbitol and mannitol. Among these, dextrin is particularly preferable from the viewpoints of solubility, hygroscopicity, and particle formation. Moreover, you may use said water-soluble saccharides in combination of 2 or more types as needed.

  The component (D) is particularly preferably used when obtaining a powdery plant vital agent composed of particles having a structure in which the component (A) is dispersed in the form of oil droplets in the particles. The content of the component (D) in the powdery plant vital agent is not particularly limited because it varies depending on the blending amount of the component (A), the component (B) and the component (C). 5 to 90% by weight of the plant active agent is preferable, and 20 to 70% by weight is more preferable.

  In addition to the component (A), the component (B), the component (C), and the component (D), the plant vitality agent of the present invention may contain other substances as necessary. For example, antioxidants, preservatives, antistatic agents, chelating agents, disintegrating agents (water-soluble inorganic salts, water-insoluble substances), fertilizers and the like can be mentioned. Moreover, you may contain the water | moisture content derived from the raw material to be used and a manufacturing process. When the form is a powder, the water content in the plant vital agent is preferably 10% by weight or less of the powdery plant vital agent from the viewpoint of water activity related to bacterial growth, and more preferably 5% by weight or less from the viewpoint of blocking inhibition.

  The plant vitality agent of the present invention can be applied to plants by methods such as foliar application and soil irrigation, but is preferably applied by application to the foliage of soil plants. Specifically, the plant vitality agent of the present invention is dissolved and dispersed in water to prepare an aqueous composition (emulsification / dispersion), and this is sprayed on the leaves of plants. In the aqueous composition, the concentration of the component (A) is 0.01 to 10000 ppm, more preferably 1 to 1000 ppm, particularly 1 to 500 ppm, and the concentration of the component (B) is 0.01 to 30000 ppm, further 1 to 3000 ppm, particularly 10 to 1000 ppm. 1500 ppm is preferred, and the concentration of component (C) is preferably 5% by weight or less, more preferably 1% by weight or less, and particularly preferably 0.5% by weight or less. The application amount and the application frequency of such an aqueous composition may be appropriately determined in consideration of the type of plant, the growth stage, and the like.

  Examples of plants that can be treated with the plant vital agent of the present invention include cucumbers, pumpkins, watermelons, melons, tomatoes, eggplants, peppers, strawberries, okras, green beans, broad beans, peas, green beans, corn, and the like. For leafy vegetables, Chinese cabbage, hornbill, cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, cabbage, onion, leeks, garlic, rakkyo, leek, asparagus, lettuce, saladna, celery, spinach, garlic, parsley, honey bee, seri, udo, myoga , Fuki, perilla etc. Root vegetables include radish, turnip, burdock, carrot, potato, taro, sweet potato, yam, ginger, lotus root and the like. In addition, it can also be used for rice, wheat, and flowering plants.

Example 1 <Foliar application test to tomato seedling>
Variety: “Home Momotaro” (Takii Seedling Co., Ltd.)
Cultivation container: 50-hole cell tray for germination
Cultivation 9cm (diameter) pot use soil for cultivation: Takii seed sowing culture soil [N: P ₂ O ₅ : K20 = 480: 750: 345 (mg / L), pH 6.4, EC: 0.96]
Under the above conditions, seeded in a 50-well cell tray, transplanted to a pot 2 weeks after germination, and treated with a plant vital agent composition as shown in Table 1 three times at intervals of 7 days. The concentration of the blended raw material (effective component concentration, the same applies hereinafter) was as shown in Table 1, the balance being water, and the amount of treatment at one time was about 10 ml per pot and sprayed on the leaf surface. On the seventh day after the treatment, the weight of each plant (weight means fresh weight, the same applies hereinafter) was measured. The measured values were averaged over 5 repetitions and compared with relative values when the untreated section (Comparative product 1-7) was taken as 100. The results are shown in Table 1.

(Note) In the table, POE is an abbreviation for polyoxyethylene, and the numbers in parentheses are the average number of moles of ethylene oxide added (the same applies hereinafter). Moreover, the component in a table | surface is as follows.
* 1: "Leodoll SP-L10" manufactured by Kao Corporation
* 2: “Emanon CH80” manufactured by Kao Corporation

Example 2 <Foliar Application Test to Chingensai Seedling>
Chingensai seeds: Takii seedlings
Cultivation container: 50-hole cell tray culture medium: Takii seeding culture medium (same as Example 1)
Planted in a 50-well cell tray under the above-mentioned conditions, and diluted with a plant vital agent and OKF2 (Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd.) as shown in Table 2 at intervals of 7 days from 2 weeks after germination [N: P: K = 260: 149: 247 (ppm) / OKF2 diluted 538 times] was subjected to foliar treatment four times. The concentration of the blended raw material was as shown in Table 2, the balance being water, and the amount of treatment at one time was about 50 ml per 10 holes and sprayed on the leaf surface. In the test, each composition was repeated 3 times with 10 holes as one repetition. Each plant weight was measured on the seventh day after the end of the fourth treatment. The measured values are averaged over 3 repetitions and compared with relative values when the untreated section (Comparative product 2-3) is 100, and the results are shown in Table 2.

(Note) The components in the table are as follows.
* 1: "Leodoll SP-L10" manufactured by Kao Corporation
* 3: “Petane V” manufactured by Agro Kanesho Co., Ltd.
* 4: “Mix Power” manufactured by Syngenta Japan Co., Ltd.
* 5: “Mix Power” manufactured by Syngenta Japan Co., Ltd.
* 6: “Leodoll TW-O120” manufactured by Kao Corporation
* 7: “Leodoll 440” manufactured by Kao Corporation
* 8: High molecular compound represented by the following formula

* 9: “Emanon 4110” manufactured by Kao Corporation
* 10: “Spray sticker” manufactured by Sankyo.

Example 3 <Foliar Application Test to Tomato Seedling>
Variety: “Home Momotaro” (Takii Seedling Co., Ltd.)
Cultivation container: 50-hole cell tray for germination
Cultivation soil using 1/2000 Wagner pot for cultivation: Takii seed sowing medium (same as Example 1)
Under the above conditions, seeded in a 50-well cell tray, planted in a pot 2 weeks after germination, and then treated with a plant vital agent composition as shown in Table 3 at intervals of twice a month. The concentration of the blended raw materials was as shown in Table 3, with the balance being water, and the amount of treatment at one time was about 10 ml per pot, sprayed on the leaf surface, and cultivated up to 5 stages. The measured values were averaged over 7 repetitions and compared with relative values when the untreated section (Comparative product 3-4) was taken as 100. The results are shown in Table 3.

(Note) The components in the table are as follows.
* 1: "Leodoll SP-L10" manufactured by Kao Corporation
* 10: “Spray sticker” manufactured by Sankyo.

Example 4 <Foliar Application Test to Tomato Seedling>
Variety: “Home Momotaro” (Takii Seedling Co., Ltd.)
Cultivation container: 50-hole cell tray for germination
9cm (diameter) pot cultivation medium for cultivation: Takii seedling cultivation soil (the same as Example 1)
After seeding in a 50-well cell tray under the above conditions and planting in a pot 2 weeks after germination, a plant vital agent composition as shown in Table 4 was subjected to foliar spray treatment twice at a 7-day interval. The concentration of the blended raw materials was as shown in Table 4 and the balance was water. The amount of each treatment was sprayed on the leaf surface at about 10 ml per pot, and the weight of each plant was measured on the seventh day after the treatment was completed. . The measured values were averaged over 3 replicates and compared with relative values when the untreated section (Comparative Product 4-7) was taken as 100. The results are shown in Table 4.

(Note) The components in the table are as follows.
* 1: "Leodoll SP-L10" manufactured by Kao Corporation
* 10: “Spray sticker” manufactured by Sankyo.

Example 5 <Foliar Application Test to Tomato Seedling>
Variety: “Home Momotaro” (Takii Seedling Co., Ltd.)
Cultivation container: 50-hole cell tray for germination
9cm (diameter) pot cultivation medium for cultivation: Takii seedling cultivation soil (the same as Example 1)
Under the above conditions, seeded in a 50-well cell tray, transplanted to a pot 2 weeks after germination, and treated with a plant vital agent composition as shown in Table 5 three times at intervals of 7 days. The concentration of the blended raw material was as shown in Table 5, the balance being water, and the amount of treatment at one time was about 10 ml per pot and sprayed on the leaf surface. Each plant weight was measured on the seventh day after the treatment. The measured values were averaged over 5 replicates and compared with relative values when the untreated section (Comparative product 5-5) was taken as 100. The results are shown in Table 5.

Note) The components in the table are as follows.
* 10: “Spray sticker” manufactured by Sankyo.

Claims (4)

An emulsifier / dispersant (B) selected from 1-alkanol (A) represented by CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) _o-1 OH (o is an integer of 12 to 24 ), sodium caseinate, and octenyl succinate starch, and A plant vitality agent containing at least one spreading agent (C) selected from polyoxyalkylene resin acid esters and paraffins. Furthermore, the plant vitality agent of Claim 1 containing water-soluble saccharides (D). The plant vitality agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plant vital agent is for plant foliar application. The plant vitality improvement method of spraying the plant vitality agent of any one of Claims 1-3 on the leaf surface of a plant.