JP4862250B2 - Wet friction member and wet friction member unit - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wet friction member and a wet friction member unit.

  As shown in Patent Document 1, the wet friction member contains a powder rubber together with a fiber component and a thermosetting resin component, and the powder rubber has irregularities formed on the sliding contact surface of the friction member. Has been proposed. According to this, the cutting performance can be improved by preventing sticking to the counterpart member based on the unevenness of the sliding contact surface.

JP-A-11-210791

  By the way, in wet friction member units (wet clutch mechanisms) such as lock-up clutches, shift clutches, band brakes, start clutches and the like of automatic transmissions, friction modifiers (2 nm), detergents (2-1500 nm), dispersants ( In the lubricating oil containing 2 to 100 nm), the first friction member and the second friction member are brought into sliding contact with each other to generate friction, and by using the friction, from one friction member to the other The first friction member is configured such that power is transmitted to the friction member of the first friction member or a second friction member is disposed between the pair of first friction members and the first friction member is brought into sliding contact with the second friction member. By generating friction between the member and the second friction member and using the friction, power is transmitted from one first friction member to the other first friction member through the second friction member. Has been done.

  In such power transmission, in the low speed range of the sliding speed, a friction modifier enters between the first friction member and the second friction member, so that the friction between the first friction member and the second friction member can be reduced. While lowering the friction, on the higher speed side than the low speed region, a group of aggregated detergent and dispersant enters between the first friction member and the second friction member, and these are the shear resistance of the lubricating oil. (The viscosity will be increased). For this reason, the μ-V characteristic between the friction coefficient (μ) and the sliding speed (V) is set to dμ / dV> 0 (positive gradient) over a wide range from the low speed range to the high speed range. Accordingly, the vibration (judder) phenomenon that occurs when the μ-V characteristic is dμ / dV <0 can be prevented in a wide range of the sliding speed.

  However, in an environment where the lubricating oil is at a low oil temperature, the lower the lubricating oil, the higher the cohesion of the detergent and dispersant, or the stiffening of the first and second friction members, The dispersant is prevented from entering between the sliding contact surfaces of the first and second friction members on the higher speed side than the low speed region of the sliding speed, and the cleaning agent between the sliding contact surfaces of the first and second friction members. Therefore, the amount of the dispersing agent is reduced. For this reason, the effect of increasing the apparent viscosity of the lubricating oil between the first and second friction members is reduced, and there is a possibility of occurrence of vibration that occurs in the process of engaging the first and second friction members. Will increase.

The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and the first technical problem thereof is the generation of vibration that occurs in the process of engaging with the counterpart member even when the lubricating oil belongs to a low oil temperature range. Another object of the present invention is to provide a wet friction member that can be prevented on the higher speed side than the low speed region of the sliding speed.
A second technical problem is to provide a wet friction member unit using the wet friction member.

In order to achieve the first technical problem, in the present invention (the invention according to claim 1),
In a lubricating oil containing a dispersant, a wet friction member used in sliding contact with a counterpart member,
The elastomer is contained in the sliding contact surface portion that is in sliding contact with the counterpart member so that the elastomer is partially exposed, and the portion where the elastomer is present is enhanced with respect to elasticity compared to the portion where the elastomer is not present,
Assuming that the counterpart member contains a C—H group , the sliding contact surface portion contains an oxide of a transition metal together with the elastomer, and the sliding contact surface portion is a C—H group in the counterpart member. In this configuration, a hydrogen bonding force is exerted between the H atoms of the metal and oxygen in the oxide at the sliding contact surface portion . Preferred embodiments of the first aspect are as described in the second to fourth aspects.
In order to achieve the first technical problem, in the present invention (the invention according to claim 5),
In a lubricating oil containing a dispersant, a wet friction member used in sliding contact with a counterpart member,
The sliding contact surface portion that is in sliding contact with the counterpart member contains an elastomer together with fibers.
On the premise that the counterpart member contains an oxide of a transition metal , the fiber is an organic fiber containing a C—H group, and the H atom of the C—H group in the organic fiber and the counterpart member In this structure, a hydrogen bonding force works with oxygen in the oxide .

In order to achieve the second technical problem in the present invention (the invention according to claim 6),
In a friction member unit that includes first and second friction members and uses the first friction member and the second friction member in sliding contact with each other in a lubricant containing a dispersant,
The second friction member is contained so that the elastomer is partially exposed in the sliding contact surface portion that is in sliding contact with the first friction member, and the elastomer is present in the portion where the elastomer exists with respect to elasticity. It is higher than the part that does not,
The first friction member includes a C—H group in a sliding contact surface portion that is in sliding contact with the second friction member ,
The sliding contact surface of the second friction member, together with the elastomer is contained in an oxide of a transition metal, sliding surface of the second friction member, and H atoms of C-H group in said first friction member The second friction member is configured to exert a hydrogen bonding force with oxygen in the oxide . The preferred embodiment of claim 6 is as described in claim 7 and the following.

  According to the invention described in claim 1, the elastomer is contained in the sliding contact surface portion that is in sliding contact with the counterpart member so that the elastomer is partially exposed, and the elasticity of the portion where the elastomer exists is Since it is set to be higher than the elasticity of the non-existing part, even if the lubricating oil is in a low oil temperature range, the aggregate of the dispersant and the aggregate of the aggregate are based on the elasticity of the elastomer. It is possible to easily bite, etc., and to make it easy for the aggregates of the dispersing agent to enter between the counterpart member and the friction member, and to increase the amount of scraping as the sliding speed increases. It will be possible. For this reason, the friction coefficient μ can be increased from the low speed range of the sliding speed V toward the high speed side, and the μ−V characteristic can be set to dμ / dV> 0. Even when the lubricating oil belongs to the low oil temperature range, Occurrence of vibrations that occur during the process of engaging with the counterpart member can be prevented on the higher speed side than the low speed range of the sliding speed.

Further, on the premise that the counterpart member contains a C—H group, the sliding contact surface portion contains an oxide of a transition metal together with the elastomer, so that it is in sliding contact with the C—H group of the counterpart member. A hydrogen bonding force can be exerted between oxygen in the oxide in the surface portion, and the counterpart member containing a C—H group and the friction member containing the oxide are compared with a conventional steel material. A sufficiently large contact area can be secured, and a high and stable friction characteristic can be obtained.
Furthermore, since the oxide is an oxide of a transition metal, a metal element having a higher element number (atomic weight) has a higher coefficient of friction than the counterpart member containing a C—H group. The torque transmission capability can be increased by using the.

  According to the invention described in claim 2, since it is assumed that the sliding contact surface portion of the counterpart member contains an elastomer, both the elastomer of the counterpart member and the elastomer of the friction member are utilized. Thus, it is possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of vibrations that occur in the process of engaging with the counterpart member on the higher speed side than the lower speed range of the sliding speed.

  According to the invention described in claim 3, the sliding contact surface portion is formed with a coating layer made of an oxide film made of a transition metal oxide and an elastomer held by the oxide film. It is possible to easily hold the elastomer in the oxide film by utilizing the ease of processing of the oxide film, and to expose both the oxide and the elastomer to the outside accurately on the sliding surface of the friction member. become.

  According to the invention described in claim 4, since the oxide film is formed on the basis of one or more means of thermal spraying, plating, PVD, sintering, spray coating, it is oxidized on the substrate surface. An object film can be formed accurately. In particular, with regard to thermal spraying and sintering, since a large number of holes are formed in the oxide film as the oxide film is formed, the holes can be effectively used as elastomer-filled holes.

  According to the invention described in claim 5, since the elastomer is contained together with the fiber in the sliding contact surface portion which is in sliding contact with the counterpart member, even if the lubricating oil is in a low oil temperature range, the elastomer is contained. Based on the elasticity of the lubricant, it is possible to easily bite the aggregate of the dispersant and the aggregate of the aggregate, and the friction member (fiber etc.) becomes rigid based on the elastomer in the low oil temperature range of the lubricating oil. This can be suppressed, and it becomes possible to make it easy for the aggregate of the dispersing agent to enter between the counterpart member and the friction member. For this reason, the friction coefficient μ can be increased from the low speed range of the sliding speed V toward the high speed side, and the μ−V characteristic can be set to dμ / dV> 0. Even when the lubricating oil belongs to the low oil temperature range, Occurrence of vibrations that occur during the process of engaging with the counterpart member can be prevented on the higher speed side than the low speed range of the sliding speed.

Further, the thrust bearing is, assuming that it contains an oxide of a transition metal, said fibers, because it contains the organic fibers containing C-H group, and the oxygen in the oxide and C-H groups Highly stable friction characteristics can be obtained by exerting a hydrogen bonding force between them, and the torque transmission ability is enhanced by utilizing the properties of transition metal oxides that increase the friction coefficient with respect to C—H groups. Will be able to.

  According to the invention described in claim 6, the second friction member contains the elastomer so that the elastomer is partially exposed in the sliding contact surface portion that is in sliding contact with the first friction member. Since the portion where the elastomer is present is higher than the portion where the elastomer is not present, even if the lubricating oil is in a low oil temperature range, the aggregate of the dispersant and the aggregate based on the elasticity of the elastomer This makes it easy to bite in a group of materials, making it easier for agglomerates of dispersing agent to enter between the counterpart member and the friction member, increasing the amount of scraping as the sliding speed increases. Will be able to. For this reason, even when the lubricating oil belongs to the low oil temperature range by using the friction member according to the first aspect, the vibration generated in the process of engaging the first and second friction members This can be prevented on the high speed side than the low speed range.

  Further, the first friction member contains a C—H group in a sliding contact portion that is in sliding contact with the second friction member, and an oxide of a transition metal is contained in the sliding contact surface portion of the second friction member together with the elastomer. Therefore, by using the friction member according to the first aspect, it is possible to obtain a highly stable friction characteristic and the like as in the function and effect of the first aspect.

  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, since the elastomer is also contained in the sliding surface portion of the first friction member, the friction member according to the second aspect is used. As with the operation and effect, by using the elastomers of both the first and second friction members, the occurrence of vibrations during the process of engagement of the first and second friction members is ensured on the higher speed side than the low speed range of the sliding speed. Can be prevented.

  According to the invention described in claim 8, since the organic fiber is contained in the sliding contact surface portion of the first friction member and the organic fiber contains a C—H group, the organic fiber is used. Specifically, the action between the C—H group and the oxide of the transition metal (high and stable friction characteristics, etc.) can be exerted, and the contact area is increased by the elasticity based on the organic fiber, and the action is further improved. Can be increased. In addition, when the lubricating oil belongs to the low oil temperature range, the organic fiber is stiffened, and the elastomer prevents the stiffening, and aggregates of the dispersing agent are present between the first and second friction members. It can prevent becoming difficult to enter.

  According to the invention described in claim 9, the sliding contact surface portion of the second friction member has a coating layer made of an oxide film made of the transition metal oxide and an elastomer held by the oxide film. Therefore, using the friction member according to the third aspect, the elastomer can be easily formed into the oxide film by utilizing the ease of processing of the oxide film as well as the effect of the third aspect. Therefore, both the oxide and the elastomer can be accurately exposed to the outside on the sliding contact surface of the second friction member.

  According to the invention described in claim 10, since the first and second friction members are used for the friction element of the clutch, the function and effect of the inventions 6 to 9 can be obtained to improve the performance as the clutch. Will be able to.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Drawing 1 is a mimetic diagram showing the wet friction member unit concerning an embodiment. The friction member unit 1 includes a first friction member 2 and a second friction member 3. The sliding contact surface portion 4 of the first friction member 2 and the sliding contact surface portion 5 of the second friction member 3 are lubricated. In oil (not shown), friction is generated by shifting from an open state to a fastened state, whereby torque from one side (first friction member 2 in the present embodiment) is applied to the other side. (In the present embodiment, it can be transmitted to the second friction member 3). Such a wet friction member unit 1 is used for a lock-up clutch, a multi-plate clutch, a brake band, an AT & CVT start clutch, etc. for an automatic transmission.

A friction modifier, a detergent, and a dispersant are added as additives to the lubricating oil. The friction modifier is vibration (hereinafter referred to as judder) generated in the process of engaging the first and second friction members 2 and 3 in the low speed region (near the rise of the characteristic line in FIGS. 9 to 11). The friction modifier FM is adsorbed on the surface (sliding contact surface) 5 of the second friction member 3 as shown in FIG. The property that the FMF is formed and the laminated film FMF is easily displaced is used when the first and second friction members 2 and 3 are in sliding contact with each other. Therefore, when the friction modifier FM is not added to the lubricating oil, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 3, when the first and second friction members 2 and 3 are moved from the open state to the fastening state, The friction coefficient (μ) increases as the sliding speed (V) of the member decreases (μ-V characteristic is dμ / dV <0), and judder is generated, but the friction modifier FM is lubricated. When added to oil, as shown by the phantom line in FIG. 3, the laminated film FMF is liable to slip when the first and second friction members 2 and 3 are in sliding contact, and friction is applied on the low speed side of the sliding speed V. (Μ-V characteristic is dμ / dV> 0), and judder is prevented.
As this friction modifier FM, for example,
As an amine, CH3 (CH2) 7CH = CH (CH2) 7NH2
As an amide, CH3 (CH2) 7CH = CH (CH2) 7CONH2
Is used.

  In this embodiment, as will be described later, the sliding contact surface portion 4 of the first friction member 2 contains an organic material, and the organic material has C—H groups (hydrocarbon groups), which are friction modifiers. Since the reactivity with respect to the polar group of FM is poor, the friction modifier FM is not adsorbed on the sliding contact surface portion 4 of the first friction member 2.

The cleaning agent plays a role of preventing and suppressing deposition by stably floating in the oil without aggregating deteriorated materials such as carbon and sludge generated in high temperature operation as an original function. It is about 2 to 1500 nm. As this detergent, for example, calcium sulfonate (Chemical Formula 1) or calcium phenate (Chemical Formula 2) is used.

The dispersant functions as an original function to disperse sludge generated at a relatively low temperature, and its diameter is about 2 to 100 nm. As this dispersant, for example, succinimide (Chemical Formula 3) and succinimide (Chemical Formula 4) are used.

  The cleaning agent and the dispersing agent are common in that they have a dispersing function in the functions originally performed. For this reason, paying attention to this common point, hereinafter, a dispersant is used as a common term including a detergent and a dispersant. In the claims, a dispersant as this common term is used.

  In addition to its original function, the dispersing agent has a first and a first in the high speed region where the aggregate and the aggregated group have a sliding velocity V (the region on the right side of the vicinity of the rise of the characteristic line in FIGS. 9 to 11). The friction between the first and second friction members 2 and 3 is increased by increasing the shear resistance between the first and second friction members 2 and 3 (increasing the apparent viscosity). It is supposed to fulfill the function of enhancing. When this function functions properly and the friction between the first and second friction members 2 and 3 increases, the μ-V characteristic becomes dμ / dV> 0 even in the high speed range of the sliding speed V, and judder is prevented. Will be.

  The first friction member 2 has a structure in which a porous friction material is provided on the surface of the base material 6 so as to form the sliding contact surface portion 4 (hereinafter, reference numeral 4 is also used in the porous friction material). . The porous friction material 4 has C—H groups and contains an elastomer (a high-molecular substance having rubber-like elasticity at room temperature). The C—H group is provided with an intermolecular attractive force and a hydrogen bond with the oxygen of the oxide in the second friction member 3 to provide a highly stable friction characteristic as described later. It is for use to obtain. The reason why the elastomer is contained is that the elasticity of the porous friction material 4 is enriched not only by the porosity but also by the elastomer even in the low oil temperature range of the lubricating oil.

  Specifically, the porous friction material 4 is formed by integrally attaching a so-called paper friction material to the base material 6 of the first friction member 2, and the paper friction material includes fibers, fillers, It is configured to include a binder and the like. In this case, for example, organic fibers such as cellulose and aramid having C—H groups, and inorganic fibers such as potassium titanate, alumina, and carbon are used as the fibers, and elastomer is used as the filler, and the binder. As such, a phenol resin or an aramid resin is used. As the substrate 6, a metal member such as iron, aluminum, or copper is used.

  The elastomer content of the porous friction material 4 in the first friction member 2 is such that the elastomer is in the range of 30 to 90% in the remaining area excluding the pores provided for oil drainage. It is preferable to do this. If the elastomer-containing area ratio is less than 30%, the amount that can be interposed between the second friction members 3 is reduced, and a predetermined effect cannot be obtained, while the elastomer-containing area exceeds 90%. As a result, the ratio of the load sharing between the organic fiber (C—H group) in the porous friction material 4 and the sliding contact surface portion (Cr 2 O 3) 5 in the second friction member 3 in which a high friction coefficient is obtained decreases, and torque This is because the capacity decreases.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the second friction member 3 is configured such that the sliding contact surface portion 5 contains an oxide 11 and an elastomer 12. The oxide 11 is contained in the second friction member 3 by using an intermolecular attractive force or a hydrogen bonding force between the C—H group of the first friction member 2 and the oxygen in the oxide 11. This is to secure a larger area where the C—H group and oxygen in the oxide 11 are in contact with each other to improve the frictional characteristics. This frictional characteristic is that the porous frictional material 4 is porous and elastic. Based on the fact that it is rich, a sufficiently large contact area with the C—H group is ensured, and it becomes highly stable.

  The oxide 11 of the second friction member 3 is preferably a transition metal oxide. This is because an oxide of a metal element having a larger element number (atomic weight) has a property of increasing the coefficient of friction with respect to the counterpart member (first friction member 2) containing a C—H group. This is supported by FIG. 4 and FIG. FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 (showing the numerical values shown in FIG. 4 in a table) show the relationship between the friction coefficient and the metal atomic number. As is apparent from FIG. 4 and FIG. It can be understood that one having a large coefficient μ is a transition metal having a large element number, particularly an oxide of a transition metal. Thereby, as the oxide 11, it is preferable to use oxides of transition metals such as chromium oxide, titanium oxide, and iron oxide.

The relationship between the coefficient of friction and the metal atomic number is determined by using a low speed slip tester (Orientec Co., Ltd. Model ATF-S) under the following common conditions for various metals, oxides, carbides and nitrides. The friction coefficient μ was measured for each surface.
(1) Use a mating member and test piece of specified shape (2) Counterpart: A base material with a cellulose fiber sheet attached (3) Test piece: Surface treatment on steel (various oxides, carbides, nitrides) Coating process)
(4) Surface pressure 1 MPa
(5) Peripheral speed 0.1m / s
(6) In the air, no lubrication

  The elastomer 12 in the second friction member 3 is partially exposed on the entire surface of the sliding contact surface portion 5 in the second friction member 3. The reason why the elastomer 12 is contained in the sliding contact surface portion 5 of the second friction member 3 is that the elasticity of the portion where the elastomer 12 exists is higher than the elasticity of the portion where the elastomer 12 does not exist. Even in the low oil temperature range, the first friction member 2 and the second friction member 3 can be easily engaged with the aggregate of the dispersant, the aggregated group, and the like based on the elasticity of the elastomer 12. This is because the aggregate of the dispersant and the aggregated group easily enter between them. As a result, the amount of scraping can be increased as the sliding speed V is increased, and the friction coefficient μ is increased from the low speed range of the sliding speed V toward the high speed side, thereby improving the μ-V characteristic. dμ / dV> 0 can be achieved, and even when the lubricating oil belongs to the low oil temperature range, the vibration generated in the process of engaging the first and second friction members 2 and 3 is caused by the low sliding speed V. This can be prevented even at a higher speed than the area.

  The content area ratio of the elastomer 12 of the sliding contact surface portion 5 in the second friction member 3 is preferably included in the range of 5 to 30%. This is because if the content area ratio of the elastomer 12 is less than 5%, the amount of the dispersant that can intervene between the first friction member 2 and the elastomer 12 is reduced, and a predetermined effect cannot be obtained. When the content area of the elastomer 12 is formed to exceed the ratio, the ratio of the oxide film sharing the load is reduced, while the ratio of the elastomer sharing the load by the contact with the first friction member 2 as the counterpart member is reduced. This is because an increase in the load on the elastomer having lower rigidity increases the wear and damage of the elastomer itself, making it impossible to obtain a predetermined effect during long-term operation.

  The effect of the elastomer becomes even more preferable when the porous friction material 4 (containing the elastomer) in the first friction member 2 and the elastomer 12 of the second friction member 3 cooperate with each other. In the low oil temperature range of the lubricating oil, the first friction member 2 is prevented from being stiffened based on the elastomer contained therein, and the elastomers in the first and second friction members 2 and 3 cooperate with each other. Then, based on the elasticity (flexibility), it is easier to bite the aggregates of the dispersant and the aggregated group. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, the dispersing agent easily enters between the first and second friction members 2, 3, and the amount of the dispersing agent between the friction members 2, 3 is determined by the sliding speed V Increases toward the high speed side, and the apparent viscosity (shear resistance) is preferably dμ / dV> 0 from the viewpoint of preventing judder. FIG. 6 shows how the dispersant 13 (the cleaning agent 13a and the dispersant 13b) enters between the first and second friction members 2 and 3 while using the elastic action of the elastomer 12 to deform it. This is shown schematically.

In order to provide the oxide 11 and the elastomer 12, the sliding contact surface portion 5 of the second friction member 3 is constituted by a coating layer 14 in which the elastomer 12 is held on the oxide film 11F. Yes. Such a coating layer 14 is formed by simply holding the elastomer 12 by utilizing the properties at the time of formation of the oxide coating 11F (vacancy is simultaneously formed by thermal spraying and sintering) and ease of processing. Because it can.
The oxide film (chromium oxide film in the present embodiment) 11F entirely covers the surface of the base material 7 (sliding surface side), and on the oxide film 11F, FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, lattice-like grooves 15 for filling and holding the elastomer 12 are formed. In the formation of the oxide film 11F, it is preferable to use a film formed by combining the base material 7 metal and the oxide film 11F, or a film formed by combining the metal and the oxide 11. This is because the metal can firmly hold the oxide, and the adhesion to the substrate 7, durability, heat dissipation, and the like can be improved. As the film forming means for the oxide film, one or more of spraying, plating, PVD (physical vapor deposition), sintering, and spray coating methods can be used, and spraying and sintering are particularly preferable. This is because when these methods are used to form the oxide film 11 </ b> F, a large number of holes are formed, and the holes can be used as the filling holes of the elastomer 12.

In the present embodiment, the grid-like grooves 15 on the upper surface of the oxide film 11F are formed, and then the elastomer 12 is filled into the grooves 15. That is, first, a grid-like groove pattern is transferred onto the surface of the base material 7 using a press device, and the oxide film 11F is coated on the surface of the base material 7 on which the grid-like groove pattern is formed. Then, the elastomer 12 is rubbed on the upper surface of the oxide film 11F, and the oxide film 11F is retracted downward at the location where the lattice-like grooves are present on the surface of the substrate 7 as the elastomer 12 is rubbed. Become. As a result, lattice-like grooves 15 are formed on the oxide film 11 </ b> F, and the elastomer 12 is filled and held in the grooves 15. In the photograph of FIG. 7, the grid-like black portions indicate grooves (before filling), and the substantially square white portions indicate the oxide film 11F. Of course, the pattern of the grooves 15 is not limited to the lattice shape.
It should be noted that the holes (unevenness) formed when the oxide film 11F is formed by a method such as thermal spraying or sintering can be used alone or in combination (in combination with the groove pattern) as an elastomer filling hole. As described above, in that case, it is preferable that the surface of the oxide film 11F is finished by grinding to form an appropriate recess.

  The elastomer 12 is filled in the groove 15. As described above, as the filling method, in addition to the method of rubbing the elastomer 12, the elastomer 12 is coated on the oxide film, and then the temperature is changed. A method of filling the elastomer 12 into the groove 15 by pressing in an intermediate state, a method of filling the groove 15 by pressing the elastomer 12 member against the oxide film, and the like are taken.

FIG. 9 shows the test results supporting the effect of the above-described elastomer. In this test, the first friction member 2 is a so-called paper friction material formed porous using fibers or the like, and the second friction member is a comparative example in which a chromium oxide film is provided on a base material (paper / Cr2O3) and a friction unit (elastomer paper / Cr2O3) containing a paper friction material containing an elastomer (elastomer paper / Cr2O3) in a friction unit according to the comparative example, and a low-speed sliding test for them. A low-speed slip test was performed using a machine (Orientec Model ATF-S). Of course, in this case, other test conditions were unified as shown below.
(1) JASO M349-2001 using a friction plate and steel plate of specified shape (2) Friction plate (first friction member): paper friction material Dynax D0880
(3) Steel plate (second friction member): Surface treatment on steel (Cr2O3)
(4) Load 0.5MPa
(5) Rotational speed: 250rpm → Reduced to 0 and measured friction coefficient at each time point (6) Lubricating oil Mazda genuine ATFSuper
(7) Oil amount 150cc
(8) Oil temperature 120 ° C

  According to the results of FIG. 9, the friction unit (elastomer paper / Cr2O3) containing an elastomer as compared with the comparative example (paper / Cr2O3) shows a high value of the friction coefficient μ and a high gradient dμ / dV. It was confirmed that the effect of introducing the dispersing agent 13 between the first and second friction members 2 and 3 was increased.

  FIG. 10 shows a friction member unit (paper / Cr2O3 + elastomer) in which the first friction member is a paper friction material, and the second friction member is a chromium oxide film holding an elastomer. The result of having performed the same test as the case of the said FIG. 9 is shown. According to FIG. 10, as in the case of FIG. 9, it was possible to obtain a better result than the comparative example (paper / Cr 2 O 3).

  FIG. 11 shows a friction member unit (paper + elastomer / Cr2O3 + elastomer) in which an elastomer is contained in each of the first friction member and the second friction member of the comparative example, and the same test as in FIG. The result of having performed is shown. According to FIG. 11, the friction coefficients μ and dμ / dV both show a considerably large value, and when the first friction member and the second friction member contain elastomer, the effect of the elastomer is remarkable. It was confirmed that it appeared.

  FIG. 12 shows another embodiment. In this embodiment, the same components as those of the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In this embodiment, the friction member unit 1 has a configuration in which a disk 30 with the second friction member 3 attached to both surfaces is disposed between the pair of first friction members 2. According to the friction member unit 1, the first friction member 2 is brought into sliding contact with the second friction member 3 of the disk 30 to cause friction between the first friction member 2 and the second friction member 3. By using the friction, power is transmitted from one first friction member 2 to the other friction member 2 via the second friction member 3 (disk 30). It has become.

  It should be noted that the object of the present invention is not limited to what is explicitly described, but includes provision of what is substantially preferable or corresponding to what is listed as an advantage.

Explanatory drawing which shows typically the friction member unit which concerns on embodiment. Explanatory drawing explaining the 2nd friction member which concerns on embodiment typically. The figure which shows the influence which a friction modifier has on a friction coefficient. The atomic number of the metal element and the coefficient of friction between the two members in a test in which the cellulose fiber sheet as one friction member and the metal, oxide, carbide, and nitride as the other friction member are brought into sliding contact with each other. The figure which shows a relationship. The figure which shows the data shown in FIG. Explanatory drawing explaining typically the approach of the dispersing agent between the 1st, 2nd friction members. Enlarged photograph showing the sliding surface portion surface of the second friction member in an enlarged manner (100x magnification) Sectional drawing which shows typically the groove | channel formed in an oxide film. The characteristic line figure which shows the relationship of a friction coefficient-sliding speed at the time of using an elastomer containing 1st friction member. The characteristic line figure which shows the relationship of a friction coefficient-sliding speed at the time of using an elastomer containing 2nd friction member. The characteristic line figure which shows the relationship of a friction coefficient-sliding speed at the time of using an elastomer containing 1st, 2nd friction member. Explanatory drawing which shows typically the friction member unit which concerns on other embodiment.

1 Friction member unit
2 First friction member
3 Second friction member
4 Sliding contact portion of the first friction member
5 Sliding contact portion of the second friction member
7 Second friction member base material
11 Oxide
11F oxide coating
12 Elastomer contained in second friction member
13 Dispersant (13a detergent, 13b dispersant)
14 Coating layer

Claims (10)

In a lubricating oil containing a dispersant, a wet friction member used in sliding contact with a counterpart member,
The elastomer is contained in the sliding contact surface portion that is in sliding contact with the counterpart member so that the elastomer is partially exposed, and the portion where the elastomer is present is enhanced with respect to elasticity compared to the portion where the elastomer is not present,
Assuming that the counterpart member contains a C—H group , the sliding contact surface portion contains an oxide of a transition metal together with the elastomer, and the sliding contact surface portion is a C—H group in the counterpart member. A hydrogen bonding force is exerted between the H atoms of the silicon and oxygen in the oxide at the sliding contact surface portion ,
The wet friction member characterized by the above-mentioned. In claim 1,
Assuming that the sliding surface portion of the counterpart member contains an elastomer,
The wet friction member characterized by the above-mentioned. In claim 1 or 2,
The sliding surface portion is formed with a coating layer made of an oxide film made of an oxide of the transition metal and an elastomer held by the oxide film,
The wet friction member characterized by the above-mentioned. In claim 3,
The oxide coating is formed based on one or more means of spraying, plating, PVD, sintering, spray coating,
The wet friction member characterized by the above-mentioned. In a lubricating oil containing a dispersant, a wet friction member used in sliding contact with a counterpart member,
The sliding contact surface portion that is in sliding contact with the counterpart member contains an elastomer together with fibers.
On the premise that the counterpart member contains an oxide of a transition metal , the fiber is an organic fiber containing a C—H group, and the H atom of the C—H group in the organic fiber and the counterpart member A hydrogen bonding force is made to work with oxygen in the oxide at
The wet friction member characterized by the above-mentioned. In a friction member unit that includes first and second friction members and uses the first friction member and the second friction member in sliding contact with each other in a lubricant containing a dispersant,
The second friction member is contained so that the elastomer is partially exposed in the sliding contact surface portion that is in sliding contact with the first friction member, and the elastomer is present in the portion where the elastomer exists with respect to elasticity. It is higher than the part that does not,
The first friction member includes a C—H group in a sliding contact surface portion that is in sliding contact with the second friction member ,
The sliding contact surface of the second friction member, together with the elastomer is contained in an oxide of a transition metal, sliding surface of the second friction member, and H atoms of C-H group in said first friction member A hydrogen bonding force is exerted between oxygen in the oxide in the second friction member ,
A wet friction member unit. In claim 6,
The sliding contact surface portion of the first friction member also contains an elastomer.
A wet friction member unit. In claim 7,
In the sliding contact surface portion of the first friction member, an organic fiber is contained, and the organic fiber contains the C—H group.
A wet friction member unit. In any one of Claims 6-8,
The sliding contact surface portion of the second friction member is formed with a coating layer made of an oxide film made of an oxide of the transition metal and an elastomer held by the oxide film,
A wet friction member unit. In any one of Claims 6-9,
The first and second friction members are used as friction elements of a clutch;
A wet friction member unit.