JP4846655B2 - Phase-adjustable power distribution device and automatic matching device using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a transmission matching technique, and more particularly, to a technique suitable for automatically matching a commonly used medium wave transmitter with any antenna.

  Conventionally, in the matching of medium waves, the adjuster draws on the impedance orthogonal diagram described in Non-Patent Document 1, for example, based on the antenna impedance measurement result, and the input impedance of the matching circuit is the same as the transmitter output impedance. So that the optimal values of the circuit elements are determined by handwriting, or the circuit elements are calculated on a computer using, for example, “Medium Wave Matching Circuit Simulator Software” of Non-Patent Document 2, and the matching adjustment is actually performed. The optimum matching adjustment was performed by repeatedly performing the work of confirming the required value of the input impedance after measurement. In addition, Non-Patent Document 3 uses Mr. Wakai's vector matching method and Mr. Tsuruo Shimayama's S (ratio of active power (kW) consumed by the resistance of the circuit to reactive power (kVA) by reactance). The matching methods that have been arranged are organized.

Tadao Sugita, “Design and Adjustment Method of Medium Wave Antenna Matching Circuit”, Broadcast Technology, November 1978, p. 71 "Middle Wave Matching Circuit Simulator Software" announced by Yuki Hirakawa from Asahikawa Broadcasting Station at the 51st NHK National Tomorrow Broadcasting and Technology Forum in February 1998 Co-authored by Kazuaki Wakai and Tomohide Kakutani, “The Progress to Medium-Wave Digital Processing Broadcasters”, Broadcast Technology December 2006, p. 95

The conventional techniques described above have three main problems.
(1) A lot of experience and expertise are required for the alignment work in the medium wave transmission technology. The reason for this is that a medium-wave transmission requires a large matching circuit composed of lumped constants as shown in FIG. 3 that connects the transmitter and the antenna, and element constants for coils and capacitors in it are determined. Whether manual calculation or drawing or computer software is used, circuit constants are determined after understanding the matching adjustment algorithm. The experience of the operator himself was greatly involved in determining the actual circuit adjustment location, pursuing matching adjustment, and judging the result.

  (2) There are portable transmitters and antennas, but there are no portable matching circuit units that match various antennas. The reason for this is that in order to match the entire midband and full load impedance, it is necessary to prepare a large number of capacitors that are difficult to change the constant of the matching circuit, and the circuit is much larger accordingly. Become. Furthermore, the measuring instrument used for the adjustment is a medium-waveband impedance constant measuring instrument using the Schering bridge method, and an impedance with abundant measuring functions and graphic functions using a method for measuring the amplitude and phase difference of voltage and current. There are measuring instruments (impedance analyzers) and the like, but all of them are large heavy objects to be carried, and have physical restrictions that they are not suitable for carrying.

  (3) By simply preparing a transmitter and an aerial, it is difficult to quickly secure radio waves as an emergency medium wave transmission in the event of an emergency disaster or as a spare for equipment repair. The reason for this is that even the experienced person mentioned in the above (1) first takes time and effort to calculate the element constant, and in the actual adjustment stage, there is a place where the impedance is measured using the measuring instrument shown in the above (2). This is because there are cases where the adjustment points are spatially separated, and it takes time and labor for the adjuster to repeatedly perform the adjustment while checking the result.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a power distribution device that buffers a matching circuit and a transmitter. Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic alignment apparatus that automates alignment.

  Of the inventions disclosed in this specification, the outline of typical ones will be briefly described as follows.

(1) A matching circuit for matching an antenna and a medium wave transmitter, and a phase adjustment type power distribution device for buffering the medium wave transmitter, wherein the power from the medium wave transmitter It has a 4-terminal circuit that distributes to the dummy device and the second dummy device, and the 4-terminal circuit can adjust the phase of the transmission line, and from the medium wave transmitter by adjusting the phase of the transmission line Is output to the matching circuit, the first dummy device, and the second dummy device by changing the distribution ratio, and by adjusting the magnitude of the reflected power from the antenna, any antenna and any Align the medium wave transmitter .

  (2) In the above (1), the four-terminal circuit has a variable element that can change an element constant, and adjusts the element constant of the variable element using a voltage standing wave ratio as a criterion. The phase of the transmission line of the 4-terminal circuit is adjusted.

(3) In the above (1) or (2), in the four-terminal circuit, the electric power input from the medium wave transmitter to the input terminal follows the clockwise and counterclockwise transmission paths, and from the three output terminals. Each of the matching circuit, the first dummy device, and the second dummy device is distributed and output at a ratio of the length of the combined power vector obtained by combining the clockwise power vector and the counterclockwise power vector at each output terminal. It is what is done.

  (4) In the above (1) to (3), the four-terminal circuit is a circuit in which a lumped constant type rat race circuit is applied to a medium wave band, and includes a first transformer having a first transformer. A transmission line; a second transmission line having an LPF; a third transmission line having a second transformer; and a fourth transmission line having an HPF. Connecting an end to a first end of the second transmission path, connecting a second end of the second transmission path to a first end of the third transmission path, and Connecting the second end of the third transmission line to the first end of the fourth transmission line, and connecting the second end of the fourth transmission line to the first end of the first transmission line. The connection point of each transmission path is a terminal.

(5) antenna and a phase-adjusting power distribution apparatus that performs a matching circuit for matching the medium wave transmitter buffer of the medium-wave transmitter, the power from the medium-wave transmitter the matching circuit and the first It has a 4-terminal circuit that distributes to the dummy device and the second dummy device, and the 4-terminal circuit can adjust the phase of the transmission line, and from the medium wave transmitter by adjusting the phase of the transmission line The phase adjustment type is characterized by adjusting the magnitude of the reflected power from the antenna by changing the distribution ratio to the matching circuit, the first dummy device, and the second dummy device, and outputting them. An automatic matching device comprising: a power distribution device; and a control device that adjusts a phase of a transmission path of the four-terminal circuit of the phase adjustment type power distribution device, and automatically aligning an arbitrary antenna with an arbitrary medium wave transmitter is there.

  (6) In the above (5), the four-terminal circuit of the phase adjustment type power distribution device includes a variable element that can change an element constant, and the control device includes the phase adjustment type power distribution device. The phase of the transmission line of the four-terminal circuit is adjusted by adjusting the element constant of the variable element using the voltage standing wave ratio as a criterion.

  (7) In the above (6), the control device calculates the phase shift amount corresponding to the distribution ratio selected using the voltage standing wave ratio as a criterion as the phase shift amount stored in the storage device and the power distribution ratio. Determine by referring to the comparison data table, and determine the element constant of the variable element corresponding to the determined phase shift amount with reference to the comparison data table of the phase shift amount stored in the storage device and the element constant of the variable element Then, the element constant of the variable element of the phase adjustment type power distribution apparatus is adjusted to the determined element constant.

  (8) In the above (5) to (7), a matching circuit is provided in addition to the phase adjustment type power distribution device and the control device, and the matching circuit has a variable element that can change an element constant. The control device adjusts the matching by adjusting the element constant of the variable element of the matching circuit using the voltage standing wave ratio as a criterion.

(9) In the above (8), the matching circuit is a T-type matching circuit having variable elements on the antenna side and the medium wave transmitter side, and the control device obtains a voltage standing wave ratio and obtains this It is determined whether the first voltage standing wave ratio is equal to or less than a predetermined value, and if it is equal to or less than the predetermined value, the control is terminated and the predetermined If the value is not less than the value, the element constant of the antenna element on the antenna side is changed to obtain the voltage standing wave ratio, which is set as the second voltage standing wave ratio, and the second voltage standing wave ratio is Until the voltage standing wave ratio becomes smaller, the element constant of the variable element on the antenna side is changed and repeated, and the element constant of the variable element on the medium wave transmitter side is changed to obtain the voltage standing wave ratio. a voltage standing wave ratio, up to a third voltage standing wave ratio is less than the second voltage standing wave ratio, medium-wave transmitter Whether the first voltage standing wave ratio is equal to or less than a predetermined value, with the element constant of the variable element being changed and repeated, with the third voltage standing wave ratio as the first voltage standing wave ratio Return to the decision process.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to perform the matching operation while always starting without stopping the transmitter. In addition, since matching can be automated, medium waves can be transmitted without following complicated procedures. The present invention includes (1) installation of an extraordinary medium wave transmitter station in the event of an emergency disaster, (2) temporary equipment for backing up an existing matching circuit in a large-scale repair work related to an aerial line, or spare equipment in place of an existing circuit, (3 ) It can be used for non-matching absorption circuits when transient antenna impedance fluctuations occur due to changes in the natural environment.

First, an outline of an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 shows an overall system diagram of the intermediate wave automatic matching apparatus of this embodiment. 101 is a matching circuit, 102 is a phase adjustment type power distribution circuit (phase adjustment type power distribution device), 103 is a CPU (control device), 104 is a VSWR detector, and 105 and 106 are dummy devices. (50Ω) and 107 is frequency information. A solid line is a high-frequency signal line, and a dotted line is a monitoring control signal line. Reference numeral 110 denotes an input terminal of the phase adjustment type power distribution circuit 102, and 111, 112, and 113 denote output terminals of the phase adjustment type power distribution circuit 102. The phase adjustment type power distribution circuit 102 is a hybrid circuit (medium wave lumped constant type rat race circuit), and the power from the transmitter is input to the input terminal 110, and the input power is distributed to the output terminals 111, 112, and 113. Is output. The output from the output terminal 111 of the phase adjustment type power distribution circuit 102 is sent to the antenna via the VSWR detector 104 and the matching circuit 101. The output from the output terminal 112 of the phase adjustment type power distribution circuit 102 is input to the dummy device 105, and the output from the output terminal 113 is input to the dummy device 106.

  In this embodiment, by combining the matching circuit 101 with the newly-developed phase adjustment type power distribution circuit 102, the transmitter output is distributed to an antenna (antenna) and a pseudo antenna (hereinafter referred to as a dummy). The phase adjustment type power distribution circuit 102 is a circuit in which a 4-terminal rat race circuit mainly used in the microwave band is applied and a circuit is assembled with a lumped constant for a medium wave. A structure in which three of the four sides are provided with a low-pass filter (hereinafter referred to as LPF) and a high-pass filter (hereinafter referred to as HPF) on one side is the basic form of a lumped constant rat race circuit. In order to change the phase of each path, the LPF and HPF can be phase-adjusted. In other words, two of the three LPFs are used as transformers and phase-shifted 180 degrees in a wide band, and the other LPF and HPF are variously used as fifth-order modified T-type LPFs and third-order modified T-type HPFs using variable coils. The amount of phase shift was adjusted. When the transmitter output is input, the ratio of the output level appearing at the remaining three output terminals (connected to the antenna and two dummy lines) can be controlled.

  With this function, it is possible to perform the matching operation while always starting without stopping the transmitter. Because it is in a non-matching state just by connecting the antenna, even if the transmitter output is totally reflected, all the energy is consumed by a dummy. In the process of gradually reaching the optimum matching, the phase is changed to control the distribution ratio of the output level, the transmitter energy is gradually distributed to the antenna side, and 100% output is sent to the antenna side in the perfect matching state. By controlling the absolute amount of energy sent to the antenna side, the reflected power itself can be kept in a state that the transmitter can withstand. That is, the phase adjustment type power distribution circuit of the present embodiment functions as a buffer between the transmitter and a load (aerial including the matching circuit) connected to the transmitter.

  Also, in this embodiment, the voltage standing wave ratio (hereinafter referred to as VSWR) indicating the matching state of the system is used as a criterion, and the CPU 103 that has programmed an algorithm to variably control the coil constants of the matching circuit and the phase shifter is left to the CPU 103. Measures and adjustments, which depended on human systems, were automated to reduce time. Thus, if a transmitter and an aerial can be prepared, anyone can quickly transmit radio waves as if the units were connected.

  In addition, the LPF and HPF components were miniaturized to the maximum possible in the medium wave band, and the portability was improved by combining the matching circuit section and power distribution circuit section separately, thereby improving versatility. .

Hereinafter, embodiments of an automatic alignment apparatus will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
A matching circuit 101 that matches the antenna and the transmitter, and a phase-adjustable power distribution circuit 102 that distributes energy from the transmitter to the three output terminals at a ratio determined by changing the phase of the radio wave passing through the circuit; The CPU 103 controls the constant change of the internal coil. Data necessary for the control is a transmission frequency for determining a constant of the reactance element and a VSWR indicating a matching state of the system. The latter calculates the traveling wave power (P _f ) and the reflected wave power (P _r ) from the voltage and current values picked up at an arbitrary point, and derives VSWR from the following equation. The principle of VSWR detection will be described later.

  In this embodiment, an antenna (including an automatic matching circuit) and two dummies are connected to the three output terminals of the phase adjustment type power distribution circuit 102, and energy is distributed to the antenna in the matching state and to the two dummies in the non-matching state. And

FIG. 2 shows a system diagram of the phase adjustment type power distribution circuit 102.
FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of the phase adjustment type power distribution circuit 102. 211 is an LPF phase adjustment circuit (hereinafter LPF), 212 is a transformer T1, 213 is a transformer T2, and 214 is an HPF phase adjustment circuit (hereinafter HPF). A terminal 215 corresponds to 113 in FIG. Similarly, 216 corresponds to 111, 217 corresponds to 110, and 218 corresponds to 112, respectively. The shape applies a lumped constant rat race circuit. Three LPFs (LPF 211, transformer T1 (212), transformer T2 (213)) and one HPF 214 are arranged on four sides. Two of the LPFs have a transformer structure, and a phase shift amount of 180 degrees is obtained in a wide band.

  FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating the structure of the LPF 211 that functions as a phase shift circuit. Reference numerals 221 to 225 denote variable coils L1 to L5, respectively. Reference numerals 226 and 227 denote capacitors C1 and C2, respectively. A fifth-order LPF, which changes the element constants from L1 to L3 while keeping the input and output at a specified impedance, thereby shifting the phase of the passing radio wave. The principle is explained by the following equation.

Here, Γ: reflection coefficient, Z _in : input impedance of the system, Z ₀ : characteristic impedance of the system, and θ: phase shift angle. That is, a change in impedance becomes a change in reflection coefficient, indicating that the amount of phase shift changes. L4 and L5 function as capacitive loads in combination with C1 and C2.

FIG. 2-3 is a diagram illustrating the structure of the HPF 214. Reference numerals 231 to 233 denote variable coils L6 to L8, respectively. Reference numerals 234 and 235 denote capacitors C3 and C4, respectively. Similarly to the phase-shifting LPF 211, the passing radio wave is phase-shifted. It is composed of C3, C4 (including L6 and L7) and variable L8, and functions to change the amount of phase shift by a combination of element constants.
All variable coils change element constants under the control of the CPU.

  FIG. 2-4 illustrates the relationship between the amount of phase shift of the phase adjustment type power distribution circuit 102 and the power distribution. The output three terminals of the four-terminal circuit are named AC, and the correlation between the powers appearing at B and C when the phase shift amount of the (combined) power vector appearing at A changes by 90 ° to 0 ° is shown. The vertical axis of the vector diagram is in phase with the input power vector. The angle between the vertical axis and the power vector that flows clockwise through the 4-terminal circuit and the counterclockwise power (the direction of the vector changes by passing through the phase shift unit) is the final phase shift amount. It is. The ratio of the length of the combined power vector is the distribution ratio of the total output, and the table corresponding to the amount of phase shift is also shown in the lower part of the figure. From this table, it is shown that the power distribution ratio changes in accordance with the amount of phase shift, and the phase-adjustable power distribution in FIGS. 1 and 2-1 (hereinafter, the reference numeral in FIG. 2-1 is shown in parentheses). In the circuit 102, the output terminals 112 and 113 (218 and 215) connected to the dummy device are A and B points in FIG. 2-4, and the output terminal 111 (216) connected to the antenna (actually including the matching circuit portion). It can be seen that a desired operation can be obtained if the point C is set.

  That is, in (1) of FIG. 2-4, when the power input to the phase adjustment type power distribution circuit 102 is 1, 0.5 is output from the output terminals 112 and 113 (218 and 215) to the dummy devices 105 and 106, respectively. The electric power output and output from the output terminal 111 (216) to the antenna side is zero. (2) In the order of (3) and (4), the power output from the output terminals 112 and 113 (218 and 215) to the dummy devices 105 and 106 decreases, and is output from the output terminal 111 (216) to the antenna side. More power. In (5), the power output from the output terminals 112 and 113 (218, 215) to the dummy devices 105 and 106 is 0, and the power output from the output terminal 111 (216) to the antenna side is 1.

  Here, for reference, the principle of VSWR detection will be described. The definition formula of VSWR is as follows. (This leads to the derivation of Equation (1).)

In the above equation, V _{max is the} maximum voltage of the standing wave, V _{min is the} minimum voltage of the standing wave, V _{f is the} traveling wave voltage, V _{r is the} reflected wave voltage, and Γ is the reflection coefficient.
Here, traveling wave V _f = voltage element + current element can be expressed as reflected wave V _r = voltage element−current element. The voltage element is the voltage at an arbitrary measurement point, and the current element is the current at an arbitrary measurement point.

と表せる。

It can be expressed.

Calculating voltage and measuring current see VSWR, also by equation (1) and a comparison of the right side together of formula (4) P _f and P _r ratio V and I at any point from the formula (4) above It was shown that we can see what we can do.

  The phase adjustment type power distribution circuit described above uses a circuit in which a lumped constant type rat race circuit is applied to the medium wave band, but is not limited to this, and the power from the transmitter is a matching circuit. 101, the dummy device 105, and the dummy device 106 have a four-terminal circuit that can adjust the phase of the transmission line, and the power from the transmitter can be adjusted by adjusting the phase of the transmission line. May be output to the matching circuit 101, the dummy device 105, and the dummy device 106 while changing the distribution ratio, and the magnitude of the reflected power from the antenna may be adjusted. The four-terminal circuit includes a variable element that can change an element constant, and adjusts the element constant of the variable element using a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) as a criterion. The phase of the transmission line may be adjusted. In the four-terminal circuit, the power input from the transmitter to the input terminal follows the clockwise and counterclockwise transmission paths, and the matching circuit 101, the dummy device 105, and the dummy device 106 are respectively transmitted from the three output terminals. It may be distributed and output at the ratio of the length of the combined power vector obtained by combining the clockwise power vector and the counterclockwise power vector at each output terminal.

  FIG. 3 shows a system diagram of the matching circuit 101. 301 and 302 are variable coils L10 and L11, respectively, and 303 is a capacitor C10.

The variable coil inserted in series adds X _L = ωL (L: element constant of the coil, unit H) to the imaginary part of the input antenna impedance, but L11 is the real part of the output impedance (transmitter side) L10 has the role of changing the imaginary part of the same value. The variable coils L10 and L11 are controlled by the CPU 103.

  FIG. 4 shows an example of using the automatic alignment apparatus. (A) shows the case where a transmitter and an antenna are prepared, and (b) shows the case where it is applied to existing transmission equipment.

  In FIG. 4A, 401 is an automatic alignment device, 402 is a transmitter, and 403 and 404 are pseudo antennas (dummy devices). In FIG. 4B, 411 is an automatic matching device, 412 is a transmitter, 413 is an existing pseudo antenna, 414 is a pseudo antenna (dummy device), and 415 is an existing matching circuit.

  The former shows the connection example used in the event of an emergency disaster originally intended, and the latter shows the connection example when the existing equipment is used as it is as an emergency backup when the temporary equipment is built because the broadcasting equipment is not suspended due to the transmission equipment update etc. Is shown.

5 and 6 show an example of the control algorithm of the automatic matching apparatus.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the control of the phase adjustment type power distribution circuit 102. This will be described below in order. First, VSWR representing the system matching state is input from the VSWR detector 104 to the CPU 103. At this time, the transmission frequency (frequency information 107) is input to the CPU 103. Although control is performed using the VSWR data as a judgment criterion, VSWR = 2.0 in the NHK specification of the transmitter, that is, the reflected power can be handled up to 1/9 of the transmission output (derived from the expression (1)). Here, for the sake of explanation, as an example, whether or not the detected current VSWR exceeds 2.0 is used as a control criterion.

  If VSWR is 2.0 or less, the variable coil is controlled because there is no problem even if 100% is output to the antenna side. Here, a data table (phase shift amount vs. power distribution ratio table 550) is prepared in advance for the relationship between the distribution ratio between the antenna and the pseudo antenna (dummy device) and the corresponding phase shift amount. The amount of phase shift when you want to turn it on is immediately known. From the phase shift amount determined here, the element constant of each variable coil is determined from the relation table (phase shift amount vs. element constant calculation table 551) of the phase shift amount and the inductance, which is also made into a data table in advance. Control towards. In addition, the amount of phase shift vs. The power distribution ratio table 550 and the phase shift amount vs.. The element constant calculation table 551 is stored in a storage device (for example, ROM).

  The above control is shown in S501 to S507 in the flowchart of FIG. As shown in FIG. 2-4 (1), the initial state is that when the power input from the transmitter to the phase adjustment type power distribution circuit 102 is 1, the output terminals 112 and 113 (218 and 215) to the dummy device 105. , 106 is output in increments of 0.5, and the power output from the output terminal 111 (216) to the antenna side is 0, and the power to the extent that the VSWR detector 104 is operable is output to the antenna side. (For example, antenna side: dummy device side = 1: 99) (S501). The CPU 103 reads the VSWR from the VSWR detector 104 (S502) and sets S1 = VSWR (S503). When S1 is smaller than 2.0 (2.0 is an example in consideration of the NHK specification), the following processing is performed (YES in S504). In order to send 100% power to the antenna side, the distribution ratio Ant: Dam = 10: 0 of the antenna and the dummy device is selected, and the phase shift amount corresponding to this distribution ratio is set to the phase shift amount vs.. A determination is made with reference to the power distribution ratio table 550 (S505). The coil constant corresponding to the determined phase shift amount is set as the phase shift amount vs.. Referring to the element constant calculation table 551, the element constants of the variable coils L1 to L8 are determined, and the coil constants of the variable coils L1 to L8 are changed (S506). In the end state, as shown in FIG. 2-4 (5), the power output from the output terminals 112 and 113 (218 and 215) to the dummy devices 105 and 106 is 0, and the antenna side from the output terminal 111 (216) The power output to 1 is 1 (S507).

  Next, if VSWR is 2.0 or more, the reflected power is obtained from the VSWR value (using equation (1)). The ratio (magnification) of the reflected power at the time of VSWR 2.0 in the total output (111 W because the total output of 1 kW is assumed in FIG. 5) and the current reflected power is calculated. If the value obtained by multiplying this magnification by the total output is output to the antenna side, the reflected power is also reduced to the allowable VSWR 2.0 value, so that the data table of phase shift amount and power distribution ratio (phase shift amount vs. power) The phase shift amount is determined from the distribution ratio table 550), and the coil constant is determined from the data table of the phase shift amount and the element constant of the variable coil (phase shift amount vs. element constant calculation table 551). Execute.

The above control is the case of NO in S504 in the flowchart of FIG. 5, and is shown in S511 to S515. The CPU 103 calculates the reflected power from the VSWR using Equation (1), and sets P _r = reflected power. Reflected power when the VSWR2.0 the (111W in the example in the figure) is divided by _{P r,} calculates the magnification p. The distribution ratio Ant: Dam = p: 1-p between the antenna and the dummy device is selected, and the phase shift amount corresponding to this distribution ratio is set as the phase shift amount vs.. This is determined with reference to the power distribution ratio table 550 (S514). The coil constant corresponding to the determined phase shift amount is set as the phase shift amount vs.. With reference to the element constant calculation table 551, the element constants of the variable coils L1 to L8 are determined, and the coil constants of the variable coils L1 to L8 are changed (S515). The process returns to S502.

  If the above algorithm is executed at regular intervals, alignment adjustment can be performed while broadcasting is performed, in other words, the load VSWR seen from the transmitter side can be shown sweetly (the value of VSWR that can be handled is increased). It has been shown to play a buffering role.

FIG. 6 is a control flowchart of the T-type matching circuit 101 (see FIG. 3).
The CPU 103 to which the frequency information 107 is input reads the VSWR value from the VSWR detector 104. As an example for the sake of explanation, it is assumed that if the value is 1.1 or less, it is determined that the state is consistent and the control is terminated.

  When the VSWR value is 1.1 or more, the CPU 103 stores the current VSWR value. The antenna variable coil L11 that changes the R part of the load impedance is controlled. The current VSWR value and the stored value are compared each time it is changed, and if it becomes smaller, the current value is stored again, and the transmitter-side variable coil L10 that changes the j part of the load impedance is controlled. The same operation as described above is performed, and when the current VSWR value becomes smaller than the stored value, the coil control is terminated, and the current VSWR value is again compared with the boundary value 1.1. By repeating this, the alignment is adjusted.

  The above control is shown in S601 to S614 in the flowchart of FIG. The CPU 103 reads the VSWR from the VSWR detector 104 (S602) and sets S1 = S2 = S3 = VSWR (S603). When S1 is not 1.1 or less (NO in S604), the following processing is performed. The element constant of the variable coil L11 on the antenna side is changed (S606), the VSWR at that time is read from the VSWR detector 104 and S2 = VSWR is set (S607), and this is repeated until S2 <S1 (S605 to S608). Next, the element constant of the variable coil L10 on the transmitter side is changed (S610), the VSWR at that time is read from the VSWR detector 104 and S3 = VSWR is set (S611), and this is repeated until S3 <S2 (S609). ~ S612). Next, S1 = S3 and return to S604. In S604, if S1 becomes 1.1 or less, the process is terminated.

  It was shown that if the above algorithm is executed every time the load fluctuates, it can be converged to a consistent state.

  By automating the alignment according to the present embodiment, it is possible to transmit a medium wave with a unit connection feeling without following complicated procedures.

As a practical example of this embodiment,
(1) Temporary mid-wave transmitter station installed in the event of an emergency disaster
(2) Temporary equipment that backs up existing matching circuits in large-scale repair work related to antennas, or spare equipment that replaces existing circuits,
(3) Non-matching absorption circuit when transient antenna impedance fluctuation due to natural environment change occurs,
Etc.

  In addition, by making the CPU a one-chip microcomputer and making the elements used as small as possible, it has excellent portability and can be sent to the stricken area for emergency transmission even in the event of a major disaster such as a steel tower falling down.

  As mentioned above, the invention made by the present inventor has been specifically described based on the above embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Of course.

An overall system diagram of this device is shown. 1 shows an overall circuit diagram of a phase adjustment type power distribution circuit. The LPF in the drawing is shown in detail in FIG. 2-2, and the HPF in FIG. 2-3 in detail. 2 shows an LPF phase adjustment circuit. 3 shows an HPF phase adjustment circuit. The correlation between the amount of phase shift and the power distribution ratio is schematically illustrated. A matching circuit is shown. The usage diagram of this automatic alignment apparatus is shown. (A) shows an example of connection when a transmitter and an antenna are prepared, and (b) shows an example of connection when a load impedance fluctuates in an existing transmission system. 3 shows an algorithm for controlling a phase adjustment type power distribution circuit. (The values in the table are examples) 3 shows an algorithm for controlling a matching circuit. (The values in the table are examples)

Claims (9)

A matching circuit for matching an antenna and a medium wave transmitter, and a phase adjustment type power distribution device for buffering the medium wave transmitter,
It has a 4-terminal circuit that distributes the power from the medium wave transmitter to the matching circuit, the first dummy device, and the second dummy device, and the 4-terminal circuit can adjust the phase of the transmission line. By adjusting the phase of the transmission line, the power from the medium wave transmitter is output to the matching circuit, the first dummy device, and the second dummy device while changing the distribution ratio, and from the antenna A phase-adjustable power distribution apparatus , wherein an arbitrary antenna and an arbitrary medium wave transmitter are matched by adjusting the magnitude of reflected power.   The four-terminal circuit has a variable element that can change an element constant, and adjusts the element constant of the variable element using a voltage standing wave ratio as a criterion for determining the phase of the transmission line of the four-terminal circuit. The phase adjustment type power distribution device according to claim 1, wherein the phase adjustment type power distribution device is adjusted. In the four-terminal circuit, the power input to the input terminal from the medium wave transmitter follows the clockwise and counterclockwise transmission paths, and the matching circuit, the first dummy device, 2. The second dummy device is distributed and output at a ratio of lengths of combined power vectors obtained by combining the clockwise power vector and the counterclockwise power vector at each output terminal. Or the phase adjustment type | mold electric power distribution apparatus of 2.   The 4-terminal circuit is a circuit in which a lumped-constant rat race circuit is applied to a medium wave band, and includes a first transmission line having a first transformer, a second transmission line having an LPF, , Having a third transmission line having a second transformer and a fourth transmission line having HPF, and connecting the second end of the first transmission line to the first of the second transmission line. Connecting to the end, connecting the second end of the second transmission path to the first end of the third transmission path, and connecting the second end of the third transmission path to the first end. Connected to the first end of the four transmission lines, the second end of the fourth transmission line is connected to the first end of the first transmission line, The phase adjustment type power distribution device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the connection point is a terminal. A matching circuit for matching an antenna and a medium wave transmitter, and a phase adjustment type power distribution device for buffering the medium wave transmitter, wherein power from the medium wave transmitter is transmitted to the matching circuit and a first dummy device, It has a 4-terminal circuit that distributes to the second dummy device, the 4-terminal circuit can adjust the phase of the transmission line, and the power from the medium wave transmitter can be adjusted by adjusting the phase of the transmission line. A phase-adjustable power distribution device, wherein the matching circuit, the first dummy device, and the second dummy device are output with varying distribution ratios, and the magnitude of reflected power from the antenna is adjusted. When,
A control device for adjusting the phase of the transmission path of the four-terminal circuit of the phase-adjustable power distribution device;
And an automatic matching device for automatically matching an arbitrary antenna with an arbitrary medium wave transmitter . The four-terminal circuit of the phase adjustment type power distribution device includes a variable element capable of changing an element constant,
The control device adjusts the phase of the transmission path of the four-terminal circuit by adjusting the element constant of the variable element of the phase-adjustable power distribution device using a voltage standing wave ratio as a criterion.
The automatic alignment apparatus according to claim 5, wherein:   The control device determines a phase shift amount corresponding to the distribution ratio selected using the voltage standing wave ratio as a criterion with reference to a phase shift amount and power distribution ratio comparison data table stored in the storage device. The element constant of the variable element corresponding to the determined phase shift amount is determined by referring to a comparison data table of the phase shift amount stored in the storage device and the element constant of the variable element. The automatic matching apparatus according to claim 6, wherein an element constant of the variable element of the phase adjustment type power distribution apparatus is adjusted. In addition to the phase adjustment type power distribution device and the control device, a matching circuit is provided,
The matching circuit includes a variable element that can change an element constant;
The control device adjusts the matching by adjusting the element constant of the variable element of the matching circuit using a voltage standing wave ratio as a criterion.
The automatic alignment apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein The matching circuit is a T-type matching circuit having variable elements on the antenna side and the medium wave transmitter side,
The controller is
Obtain the voltage standing wave ratio and use this as the first voltage standing wave ratio.
Judge whether the first voltage standing wave ratio is below the set value,
If it is equal to or less than the predetermined value, the control is terminated,
If it is not less than the predetermined value,
The voltage standing wave ratio is obtained by changing the element constant of the variable element on the antenna side, and this is used as the second voltage standing wave ratio. The second voltage standing wave ratio is smaller than the first voltage standing wave ratio. Until it becomes, it repeats by changing the element constant of the variable element on the antenna side,
The voltage standing wave ratio is obtained by changing the element constant of the variable element on the medium wave transmitter side, and this is used as the third voltage standing wave ratio. The third voltage standing wave ratio is the second voltage standing wave ratio. Until it becomes smaller than the ratio, change the element constant of the variable element on the medium wave transmitter side and repeat,
With the third voltage standing wave ratio as the first voltage standing wave ratio, the process returns to the process of determining whether the first voltage standing wave ratio is equal to or less than a predetermined value.
The automatic alignment apparatus according to claim 8, wherein:

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