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JP4843893B2 - battery - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP4843893B2
JP4843893B2 JP2002155168A JP2002155168A JP4843893B2 JP 4843893 B2 JP4843893 B2 JP 4843893B2 JP 2002155168 A JP2002155168 A JP 2002155168A JP 2002155168 A JP2002155168 A JP 2002155168A JP 4843893 B2 JP4843893 B2 JP 4843893B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
connection
battery
external terminal
terminal
power generation
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JP2002155168A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003346774A (en
Inventor
博志 田才
勲 鈴木
武司 下園
訓良 胸永
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GS Yuasa International Ltd
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GS Yuasa International Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は電池に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
図1は電気自動車等に用いられる大型のリチウムイオン二次電池の発電要素と端子との接続構造を示す組み立て斜視図である。
【0003】
このリチウムイオン二次電池は、長円筒形の発電要素1を4個密着して並べ並列接続したものである。上記4個の発電要素1は、長円筒形の平坦な側面同士が接するようにして密着して並べられ、これらの発電要素1の両端面部にそれぞれ集電接続体2の接続部2aが配置される。これらの集電接続体2は、ほぼ二等辺三角形状の水平に配置された金属板であり、この三角形状の底辺部から下方に向けて8本の細長い接続部2aが突設されている。上記集電接続体2は、4個の発電要素1の両端部の上方にそれぞれ配置され、接続部2aがこれらの発電要素1の端面部に配置されるようにする。また、接続部2aは、各発電要素1の端面に2本ずつ配置される。ここで、各発電要素1の端面には、正負極の金属箔1aが巻回された状態で長円筒形にはみ出している。そして、各発電要素1毎に配置された2本の接続部2aは、これら左右に分かれた金属箔の束の外側にそれぞれ配置される。
【0004】
このようにして集電接続体2の接続部2aが配置されると、挟持板4によって、各接続部2aと共に、正極1aや負極1bの金属箔の束を挟み込む。挟持板4は、短冊状の金属板を長手方向に沿って二つ折りにしたものである。そして、これらの挟持板4の両側から超音波溶接を行なうことにより、それぞれの挟持板4の間に挟み込んだ集電接続体2の接続部2aと正極1aや負極1bの金属箔の束とを溶着させる。
【0005】
発電要素1の両端部の上方に配置された正負の集電接続体2のほぼ二等辺三角形状の部分は、図3に示すように、絶縁封止材5を介して矩形の蓋板6の下面の両側に取り付けられる。蓋板6は、金属版からなり、上面の両側には、補助端子3が別の絶縁封止材7を介して配置される。これらの補助端子3は、下端部が蓋板6を貫通してそれぞれの集電接続体2のほぼ二等辺三角形状の頂点部付近にかしめによって接続固定される。また、これらの補助端子3の上端部は、絶縁封止材7上に配置された外部端子9を係止する接続導体8にかしめによって接続固定される。
【0006】
絶縁封止材5、7は、蓋板6の上下に配置されて、集電接続体2や補助端子3、接続導体8、外部端子9と蓋板6との間を絶縁封止する樹脂成形板である。絶縁封止材7には外部端子9用の台座9b用の凹部9aが形成され、ここに外部端子9の台座9bが嵌着されるとともに、接続導体8で押さえつけられているので、外部端子9は電池の固定保持される。尚、外部端子9としてはボルト状のものが一般的であるが、必ずしもボルト状に限られるものではない。
【0007】
上記4個の発電要素1は、図示しない金属製の電池容器本体に収納され、蓋板6がこの電池容器本体の上端開口部に嵌め込まれ溶接によって固着される。そして、この電池容器本体の内部に非水電解液が充填されることによりリチウムイオン二次電池となる。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、上記のような端子部構成の電池においては、外部機器と電池とを接続するための接続線等を外部端子に装着しナット等で締め付けた場合、締め付けトルクが接続導体に直接伝わり、補助端子にも剪断応力が加わることになる。外部端子の締め付けや取り外し操作を繰り返すと、補助端子が破損したり気密不良が発生したりするという問題があった。
【0009】
本発明はこのような問題を解決するためになされたもので、電池容器と発電要素と補助端子と接続導体と外部端子と外部端子固定手段とを備え、補助端子は電池内部で発電要素と導通を有するとともに電池外部で接続導体に固定接続され、外部端子と補助端子とが接続導体で接続された電池の、補助端子部の不具合(破断、気密不良)を低減することを目的とする。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1記載の電池は、電池容器と発電要素と補助端子と接続導体と外部端子と外部端子固定手段とを備えた電池において、補助端子は電池内部で発電要素と導通を有するとともに、電池外部で接続導体を固定接続するためのものであり、接続導体は補助端子と外部端子とを接続するとともに、外部端子を遊びを持って係止するためのものであり、外部端子固定手段は外部端子に外部機器との接続手段を固定するためのものであり、接続導体と、該接続導体に遊びを持って係止されている外部端子とが外部端子固定手段によって固定接続されるよう構成されたことを特徴とする。
【0011】
この発明によれば、外部端子固定手段が固着されていない状態では外部端子は接続導体により遊びを持って係止されているので、外部端子が電池から離反遺失することがないのみならず、外部機器との接続手段を固着する際の締め付けトルクが接続導体を伝って補助端子に伝わることがない。外部端子固定手段が固着状態にあるときは接続導体と外部端子とが固定接続されているので、外部端子と発電要素との電気的導通を良好に保つことができる。従って、外部機器との接続手段の着脱を繰り返しても、補助端子が破損したり気密が低下したりすることがなく、端子部の信頼性の高い電池が提供される。
【0012】
なお、電池容器とは電池容器本体と当該電池容器本体の開口部を塞ぐ蓋板との総称である。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態について図面を参照して説明する。
【0014】
本実施形態は、従来例と同様に、電気自動車等に用いられる大型のリチウムイオン二次電池について説明する。このリチウムイオン二次電池は、図1に示すように、図5に示す長円筒形の発電要素1を4個密着して並べ並列接続したものである。各発電要素1は、長円筒形の一方の端面からは正極1aの側端部のアルミニウム箔がはみ出すと共に、他方の端面からは負極1bの側端部の銅箔がはみ出すようになっている。
【0015】
上記4個の発電要素1は、長円筒形の平坦な側面同士が接するようにして密着して並べられ、これらの発電要素1の両端面部にそれぞれ集電接続体2の接続部2aが配置される。集電接続体2は、発電要素1の一方の端面側に配置するものはアルミニウム合金板からなり、他方の端面側に配置するものは銅合金板からなる。
【0016】
また、これらの集電接続体2は、高率放電時の大きな電流も十分に流せるようにある程度板厚の厚い金属板が用いられる。これらの集電接続体2は、やや扁平状の二等辺三角形状の水平に配置された金属板であり、この三角形状の底辺部から下方に向けて8本の細長い接続部2aが突設されている。
【0017】
これらの接続部2aは、集電接続体2の金属板をプレス加工によって細長い金属板状に抜き加工したものであり、下方に向けて屈曲させると共に、90°のひねりを加えている。また、これらの接続部2aには、図2に示すように、金属板の一方の表面側に突出する複数の凸部2bが形成されている。
【0018】
上記集電接続体2は、4個の発電要素1の両端部の上方にそれぞれ配置され、接続部2aがこれらの発電要素1の端面部に配置されるようにする。即ち、発電要素1の正極1aのアルミニウム箔がはみ出す側の端面部には、アルミニウム合金板からなる集電接続体2が配置され、負極1bの銅箔がはみ出す側の端面部には、銅合金板からなる集電接続体2が配置される。
【0019】
また、接続部2aは、各発電要素1の端面に2本ずつ配置される。ここで、各発電要素1の端面には、正極1aのアルミニウム箔か負極1bの銅箔が巻回された状態で長円筒形にはみ出しているので、これらの金属箔が直線状に束となった部分は、巻回軸を中心にして左右に分かれている。
【0020】
そして、各発電要素1ごとに配置された2本の接続部2aは、これら左右に分かれた金属箔の束の外側にそれぞれ配置される。また、これら2本の接続部2aは、図2に示すように、凸部2bの突出する側の面が内側、つまり金属箔の束側を向くように、互いに逆方向に90°のひねりが加えられている。
【0021】
このようにして集電接続体2の接続部2aが配置されると、挟持板4によって、各接続部2aと共に、正極1aや負極1bの金属箔の束を挟み込む。挟持板4は、短冊状の金属板を長手方向に沿って二つ折りにしたものであり、正極1a側の接続部2aの場合にはアルミニウム合金板が用いられ、負極1b側の接続部2aの場合には銅合金板が用いられる。そして、これらの挟持板4の両側から超音波溶接を行なうことにより、それぞれの挟持板4の間に挟み込んだ集電接続体2の接続部2aと正極1aや負極1bの金属箔の束とを溶着させる。
【0022】
この際、挟持板4は、接続部2aと金属箔の束とを溶着して接続固定するためだけに用いられるので、最適な超音波溶接が可能となるようなある程度薄い金属板を用いることができる。また、接続部2aには、正極1aや負極1bの金属箔の束と重なり合う面に凸部2bが形成されているので、これらの金属箔の束が凸部2bで集中的に超音波のエネルギーを受けて確実に溶着するようになる。
【0023】
発電要素1の両端部の上方に配置された正負の集電接続体2のほぼ二等辺三角形状の部分は、図3に示すように、絶縁封止材5を介して矩形の蓋板6の下面の両側に取り付けられる。蓋板6は、ステンレス鋼版からなり、上面の両側には、正負の補助端子3が別の絶縁封止材7を介して配置される。
【0024】
これらの補助端子3は、下端部が蓋板6を貫通してそれぞれの集電接続体2のほぼ二等辺三角形状の頂点部付近にかしめによって接続固定される。また、これらの補助端子3の上端部は、絶縁封止材7上に配置された外部端子9を係止する接続導体8にかしめによって接続固定される。これらの補助端子3は、アルミニウム合金板からなる集電接続体2にはアルミニウム合金製のものが用いられ、銅合金板からなる集電接続体2には銅合金製のものが用いられる。
【0025】
しかし、接続導体8や外部端子9は、電解液に触れることがないので、これらアルミニウム合金や銅合金等よりも強度が高い鋼や鉄の合金等が用いられる。絶縁封止材5,7は、蓋板6の上下に配置されて、集電接続体2や補助端子3、接続導体8、外部端子9と蓋板6との間を絶縁封止する樹脂成形板である。
【0026】
図4は、外部端子固定手段と外部端子と接続手段との関係を模式的に示す断面図であり、9は外部端子、10は外部端子固定手段、8は接続導体、7は絶縁封止材である。この例では外部端子9は係止部9bを有するボルト端子、外部端子固定手段は前記ボルト端子に螺着可能なナットで構成されている。9aは絶縁封止材7に形成されたボルト端子用凹部である。
【0027】
従来のこの種電池においては、ボルト端子の係止部9bとボルト端子用凹部9aとは嵌合可能な形状及び寸法関係で構成されるとともに、ボルト端子係止部9bは接続導体8で遊動不能に固定されていたので、外部機器と電池とを接続するための接続線やリング端子等を外部端子に装着しナット等で締め付けた場合、締め付けトルクが接続導体に直接伝わり、補助端子にも剪断応力が加わることになる。繰り返し、外部端子の締め付けや取り外し操作を繰り返すと、補助端子が破損したり、気密不良が発生したりしていた。
【0028】
本発明電池においては、図4Aに示すように、外部端子固定手段10がゆるく取り付けられているとき(遊着されているとき)は、外部端子9は接続導体8により遊びを持って係止されるとともに、図4Bに示すように、外部端子固定手段10が締め付けられたとき(固着されたとき)は、接続導体8と外部端子9とが固定接続されるよう構成されているので、外部機器と電池とを接続するための接続線等(図示せず)を外部端子9に装着しナット10等で締め付けても、締め付けトルクが接続導体8に直接伝わることがなく、補助端子にも剪断応力が加わることがないので、外部端子の締め付けや取り外し操作を繰り返しても、補助端子が破損したり、気密不良が発生したりすることがない。
【0029】
また、上記構成のリチウムイオン二次電池によれば、各発電要素1の正極1aや負極1bと補助端子3との間の充放電電流は、もっぱら厚い金属板で構成される集電接続体2の接続部2aを通して流れるので、十分に大きな充放電電流を流すことができるようになる。しかも、各発電要素1の正極1aや負極1bの金属箔の束は、ある程度薄い金属板からなる挟持板4を介して接続部2aに超音波溶接されるので、溶着が確実に行なわれ金属箔が剥がれ易くなるようなことがなくなる。
【0030】
また、この超音波溶接によるエネルギーを接続部2aの凸部2bに集中させることができるので、金属箔の束をさらに確実強固に接続部2aに溶着することができるようになる。さらに、各接続部2aは、発電要素1の端面からはみ出した正極1aや負極1bの金属箔の束の側部に配置され、これらの接続部2aと金属箔の束を順に挟持板4の間に挟み込んで行けばよいので、従来のように、これらの金属箔の束を集電接続体2の波板状の各凹部に挿入する作業に比べて、容易に組み立て作業を行なうことができるようになる。
【0031】
また、上記リチウムイオン二次電池によれば、アルミニウム合金製や銅合金製の補助端子3が鋼や鉄の合金等からなる接続導体8に接続固定され、外部回路との接続はこの接続導体8に係止された外部端子9を介して行なうので、強度の弱いアルミニウム合金製や銅合金製の補助端子3に直接ねじ止めして接続を行なう必要がなくなり、このねじ止めの締め付けによって補助端子3が破損したり、この補助端子3が振動や衝撃を受けて変形したりするようなおそれもなくなる。
【0032】
なお、上記実施形態では、超音波溶接によって挟持板4の間に接続部2aと正極1aや負極1bの金属箔とを溶着する場合について説明したが、スポット溶接等の他の溶接により溶着を行なうこともできる。また、このような溶接に代えて、挟持板4の外側から強い力で圧迫することにより、接続部2aと正極1aや負極1bの金属箔とを圧着することもできる。この場合、挟持板4は、溶接の場合とは異なり、ある程度板厚の厚い金属板を用いて、この間に接続部2aと金属箔とを確実に圧着保持できるようにする必要がある。
【0033】
さらに、上記実施形態では、接続部2aに凸部2bを形成する場合について説明したが、同様の凸部を挟持板4に形成することもできる。もっとも、このような凸部2bを全く形成しない場合にも、金属箔を確実に溶着又は圧着することはできる。
【0034】
また、上記実施形態では、接続部2aの片側にだけ正極1aや負極1bの金属箔を配置する場合について説明したが、両側に金属箔を配置して、これを挟持板4の間に挟み込むようにすることもできる。さらに、上記実施形態では、各発電要素1の片方の端面に2本の接続部2aを配置したが、この接続部2aの配置本数も限定されない。例えば、各発電要素1の片方の端面に1本ずつの接続部2aを配置してもよいし、この1本の接続部2aに隣接する2個の発電要素1の端面からはみ出した金属箔を共通して溶着又は圧着することもできる。
【0035】
上記実施形態では、リチウムイオン二次電池について説明したが、電池の種類は問わない。ちなみに、本発明にかかるリチウムイオン電池の基本構成としては下記のようにすることができる。
【0036】
まず、正極活物質には二硫化チタンをはじめとしてリチウムコバルト複合酸化物、スピネル型リチウムマンガン酸化物、五酸化バナジウムおよび三酸化モリブデンなどの種々のものが利用可能であるが、なかでも、リチウムコバルト複合酸化物(LiCoO)およびスピネル型リチウムマンガン酸化物(LiMn)は、4V(Li/Li)以上のきわめて貴な電位で充放電を行うため、正極として用いることで高い放電電圧を有する電池が実現できる。
【0037】
尚、正極は、集電体として10〜30μm厚のアルミニウム箔が公的であり、前記集体の両面に活物質層が塗着されるのが一般的であり、活物質層は、厚みが50〜150μm(片面当り)、密度が1.8〜3.0g/cc、多孔度が25〜45%のものが寿命性能及び充放電特性上好ましい。
【0038】
負極としては、金属リチウムをはじめとしてリチウムの吸蔵・放出が可能なLi−Al合金や炭素材料など種々のものが適用可能であるが、なかでも炭素材料は、安全性が高くかつサイクル寿命の長い電池が得られるという利点がある。この場合、集電体としては10〜20μ厚の銅箔が好適であり、活物質層は、厚みが45〜125μm(片面当り)、密度が1.15〜2.5g/cc、多孔度が25〜45%のものが寿命性能及び充放電特性上好ましい。
【0039】
また、電解液としては、プロピレンカーボネート、エチレンカーボネート、7−ブチロラクトン、スルホランなどの高誘電率溶媒に1,2−ジメトキシエタン、ジメチルカーボネート、エチルメチルカーボネート、ジエチルカーボネートなどの低粘度溶媒を混合したものに、溶質としての過塩素酸リチウム、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸リチウム、六フッ化燐酸リチウムなどが添加されたものである。これら液系のものではなく、全固体式の電解質やゲル状電解質あるいはこれらと液系電解質との併用といったものもある。
【0040】
電極は、例えば活物質と結着剤と溶剤とを混合して調製したスラリーを金属箔上に塗布して製造できる。結着剤として、ポリフッ化ビニリデンおよびポリテトラフルオロエチレンなどのフッ素樹脂が耐酸化還元性、耐電解液性の点で優れているが、なかでも有機溶剤に可溶なポリフッ化ビニリデンは容易にスラリーを調製できるため現在最も広く用いられている。その量としては、正極の場合は2〜6重量%、負極の場合には6〜10重量%とするのが好ましい。
【0041】
セパレータとしては、厚さ20〜60μmの多孔性の樹脂フィルムが好適であるが、ポリマー電解質膜を用いることもできる。
【0042】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明の電池は、外部端子固定手段が固着されていない状態では外部端子は接続導体により遊びを持って係止されているので、外部端子が電池から離反遺失することがないのみならず、外部機器との接続手段を固着する際の締め付けトルクが接続導体を伝って補助端子に伝わることがない。外部端子固定手段が固着状態にあるときは接続導体と外部端子とが固定接続されているので、外部端子と発電要素との電気的導通を良好に保つことができる。従って、外部機器との接続手段の着脱を繰り返しても、補助端子が破損したり気密が低下したりすることがなく、端子部の信頼性の高い電池が提供される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】リチウムイオン二次電池の発電要素と端子との接続構造を示す組み立て斜視図である。
【図2】挟持板の間に挟み込んだ集電接続体の接続部と発電要素の正極や負極の金属箔とを示す横断面図である。
【図3】従来例を示す図である。
【図4】本発明の一実施態様を示す図である。
【図5】発電要素の構造を示す組み立て斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
1 発電要素
1d アルミニウム箔
1e 銅箔
1f 絶縁材
2 集電接続体
2a 接続部
3 端子
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a battery.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 1 is an assembled perspective view showing a connection structure between a power generation element and a terminal of a large-sized lithium ion secondary battery used in an electric vehicle or the like.
[0003]
In this lithium ion secondary battery, four long cylindrical power generation elements 1 are arranged in close contact and connected in parallel. The four power generating elements 1 are arranged in close contact with each other so that the flat cylindrical flat side surfaces are in contact with each other, and the connection portions 2a of the current collector connection bodies 2 are disposed on both end surfaces of the power generating elements 1, respectively. The These current collector connection bodies 2 are metal plates arranged in an approximately isosceles triangle shape horizontally, and eight elongated connection portions 2a project from the bottom of the triangle shape downward. The current collector connection body 2 is arranged above both end portions of the four power generation elements 1, and the connection portion 2 a is arranged on the end face portions of these power generation elements 1. Two connecting portions 2 a are arranged on the end face of each power generating element 1. Here, the end face of each power generation element 1 protrudes into a long cylindrical shape in a state in which the positive and negative metal foils 1a are wound. And the two connection parts 2a arrange | positioned for every electric power generation element 1 are each arrange | positioned on the outer side of the bundle | flux of these metal foils divided into right and left.
[0004]
Thus, when the connection part 2a of the current collector connection body 2 is arranged, the sandwiching plate 4 sandwiches the bundle of metal foils of the positive electrode 1a and the negative electrode 1b together with each connection part 2a. The sandwiching plate 4 is formed by folding a strip-shaped metal plate in half along the longitudinal direction. And by performing ultrasonic welding from both sides of these clamping plates 4, the connection part 2a of the current collector connection body 2 sandwiched between the respective clamping plates 4 and a bundle of metal foils of the positive electrode 1a and the negative electrode 1b are obtained. Weld.
[0005]
The substantially isosceles triangular portion of the positive and negative current collector connection body 2 disposed above both ends of the power generating element 1 is formed on the rectangular lid plate 6 via an insulating sealing material 5 as shown in FIG. Mounted on both sides of the bottom surface. The cover plate 6 is made of a metal plate, and the auxiliary terminals 3 are arranged on both sides of the upper surface via another insulating sealing material 7. These auxiliary terminals 3 are connected and fixed by caulking in the vicinity of the apex portion of the substantially isosceles triangle shape of each current collector connection body 2 through the cover plate 6 at the lower end. Further, the upper end portions of the auxiliary terminals 3 are connected and fixed by caulking to the connection conductors 8 for locking the external terminals 9 arranged on the insulating sealing material 7.
[0006]
The insulating sealing materials 5 and 7 are resin moldings that are arranged above and below the lid plate 6 to insulate and seal between the current collector connection body 2, the auxiliary terminal 3, the connection conductor 8, the external terminal 9, and the lid plate 6. It is a board. The insulating sealing material 7 is formed with a recess 9a for the base 9b for the external terminal 9, and the base 9b of the external terminal 9 is fitted therein and pressed by the connecting conductor 8, so that the external terminal 9 The battery is held fixed. The external terminal 9 is generally a bolt, but is not necessarily limited to a bolt.
[0007]
The four power generating elements 1 are housed in a metal battery case body (not shown), and a cover plate 6 is fitted into the upper end opening of the battery case body and fixed by welding. And the inside of this battery container main body is filled with a non-aqueous electrolyte, and it becomes a lithium ion secondary battery.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in a battery with a terminal configuration as described above, when a connection wire or the like for connecting an external device and the battery is attached to the external terminal and tightened with a nut or the like, the tightening torque is directly transmitted to the connection conductor, and the auxiliary Shear stress is also applied to the terminals. When the external terminal is repeatedly tightened or removed, there is a problem that the auxiliary terminal may be damaged or airtightness may occur.
[0009]
The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and includes a battery case, a power generation element, an auxiliary terminal, a connection conductor, an external terminal, and external terminal fixing means, and the auxiliary terminal is electrically connected to the power generation element inside the battery. The battery is fixedly connected to the connection conductor outside the battery and the external terminal and the auxiliary terminal are connected by the connection conductor.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The battery according to claim 1 is a battery comprising a battery container, a power generation element, an auxiliary terminal, a connection conductor, an external terminal, and an external terminal fixing means, wherein the auxiliary terminal has electrical continuity with the power generation element inside the battery, and the in for fixing connecting the connection conductor, with the connection conductor connects the auxiliary terminal and the external terminal is for engaging with Yu beauty an external terminal, the external terminal securing means external It is for fixing a connection means with an external device to the terminal, and is configured such that the connection conductor and the external terminal locked to the connection conductor with play are fixedly connected by the external terminal fixing means . It is characterized by that.
[0011]
According to the present invention, since the external terminals when no fixed external terminal fixing means are locking with play by the connection conductor, not only is not the external terminal is away lost from the battery, the outside The tightening torque at the time of fixing the connection means with the device is not transmitted to the auxiliary terminal through the connection conductor. When the external terminal fixing means is in the fixed state, the connection conductor and the external terminal are fixedly connected, so that the electrical continuity between the external terminal and the power generation element can be kept good. Therefore, even if the connection means with the external device is repeatedly attached and detached, the auxiliary terminal is not damaged or the airtightness is not lowered, and a battery with high reliability of the terminal portion is provided.
[0012]
The battery container is a general term for a battery container body and a cover plate that closes an opening of the battery container body.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0014]
In the present embodiment, a large-sized lithium ion secondary battery used for an electric vehicle or the like will be described as in the conventional example. As shown in FIG. 1, this lithium ion secondary battery is a battery in which four long cylindrical power generation elements 1 shown in FIG. Each power generation element 1 is configured such that the aluminum foil at the side end of the positive electrode 1a protrudes from one end surface of the long cylindrical shape, and the copper foil at the side end of the negative electrode 1b protrudes from the other end surface.
[0015]
The four power generating elements 1 are arranged in close contact with each other so that the flat cylindrical flat side surfaces are in contact with each other, and the connection portions 2a of the current collector connection bodies 2 are disposed on both end surfaces of the power generating elements 1, respectively. The The current collector connector 2 is arranged on one end face side of the power generating element 1 from an aluminum alloy plate, and the one arranged on the other end face side is made of a copper alloy plate.
[0016]
In addition, these current collector connectors 2 are made of a metal plate that is thick to some extent so that a large current during high rate discharge can sufficiently flow. These current collector connectors 2 are horizontally flat metal plates in an isosceles triangle shape, and eight elongated connecting portions 2a project from the bottom of the triangle shape downward. ing.
[0017]
These connecting portions 2a are obtained by punching a metal plate of the current collector connection body 2 into a long and narrow metal plate shape by pressing, and bending it downward and adding a twist of 90 °. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of convex portions 2b projecting to one surface side of the metal plate are formed in these connection portions 2a.
[0018]
The current collector connection body 2 is arranged above both end portions of the four power generation elements 1, and the connection portion 2 a is arranged on the end face portions of these power generation elements 1. That is, the current collector connector 2 made of an aluminum alloy plate is disposed on the end surface portion of the power generation element 1 on the side where the aluminum foil protrudes, and the end surface portion of the negative electrode 1b on the side where the copper foil protrudes is formed on the copper alloy. A current collector connector 2 made of a plate is disposed.
[0019]
Two connecting portions 2 a are arranged on the end face of each power generating element 1. Here, since the aluminum foil of the positive electrode 1a or the copper foil of the negative electrode 1b is wound around the end face of each power generating element 1, the metal foil is bundled in a straight line. The part is divided into right and left around the winding axis.
[0020]
And the two connection parts 2a arrange | positioned for every electric power generation element 1 are each arrange | positioned on the outer side of the bundle | flux of these metal foils divided into right and left. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, these two connecting portions 2a have twists of 90 ° in opposite directions so that the protruding side surface of the convex portion 2b faces the inside, that is, the bundle side of the metal foil. It has been added.
[0021]
Thus, when the connection part 2a of the current collector connection body 2 is arranged, the sandwiching plate 4 sandwiches the bundle of metal foils of the positive electrode 1a and the negative electrode 1b together with each connection part 2a. The sandwiching plate 4 is a strip-shaped metal plate folded in half along the longitudinal direction. In the case of the connecting portion 2a on the positive electrode 1a side, an aluminum alloy plate is used, and the sandwiching plate 4 of the connecting portion 2a on the negative electrode 1b side is used. In this case, a copper alloy plate is used. And by performing ultrasonic welding from both sides of these clamping plates 4, the connection part 2a of the current collector connection body 2 sandwiched between the respective clamping plates 4 and a bundle of metal foils of the positive electrode 1a and the negative electrode 1b are obtained. Weld.
[0022]
At this time, since the sandwiching plate 4 is used only for welding and fixing the connection portion 2a and the bundle of metal foils, it is necessary to use a metal plate that is thin to some extent so that optimum ultrasonic welding is possible. it can. Moreover, since the convex part 2b is formed in the connection part 2a in the surface which overlaps with the bundle | flux of the metal foil of the positive electrode 1a or the negative electrode 1b, the bundle | flux of these metal foil concentrates the energy of an ultrasonic wave in the convex part 2b. Will be surely welded.
[0023]
The substantially isosceles triangular portion of the positive and negative current collector connection body 2 disposed above both ends of the power generating element 1 is formed on the rectangular lid plate 6 via an insulating sealing material 5 as shown in FIG. Mounted on both sides of the bottom surface. The cover plate 6 is made of a stainless steel plate, and positive and negative auxiliary terminals 3 are disposed on both sides of the upper surface via another insulating sealing material 7.
[0024]
These auxiliary terminals 3 are connected and fixed by caulking in the vicinity of the apex portion of the substantially isosceles triangle shape of each current collector connection body 2 through the cover plate 6 at the lower end. Further, the upper end portions of the auxiliary terminals 3 are connected and fixed by caulking to the connection conductors 8 for locking the external terminals 9 arranged on the insulating sealing material 7. These auxiliary terminals 3 are made of aluminum alloy for the current collector connection 2 made of an aluminum alloy plate, and made of copper alloy for the current collector connection 2 made of a copper alloy plate.
[0025]
However, since the connection conductor 8 and the external terminal 9 do not come into contact with the electrolytic solution, steel, iron alloy or the like having higher strength than these aluminum alloys and copper alloys is used. The insulating sealing materials 5 and 7 are resin moldings that are arranged above and below the lid plate 6 to insulate and seal the current collector connection body 2, the auxiliary terminal 3, the connection conductor 8, the external terminal 9, and the lid plate 6. It is a board.
[0026]
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the relationship between the external terminal fixing means, the external terminals, and the connection means, wherein 9 is an external terminal, 10 is an external terminal fixing means, 8 is a connection conductor, and 7 is an insulating sealing material. It is. In this example, the external terminal 9 is constituted by a bolt terminal having a locking portion 9b, and the external terminal fixing means is constituted by a nut that can be screwed to the bolt terminal. Reference numeral 9 a denotes a bolt terminal recess formed in the insulating sealing material 7.
[0027]
In the conventional battery of this type, the bolt terminal locking portion 9b and the bolt terminal recess 9a are configured so as to have a fitting shape and dimensions, and the bolt terminal locking portion 9b cannot be freely moved by the connecting conductor 8. Therefore, if a connection line or ring terminal for connecting an external device to the battery is attached to the external terminal and tightened with a nut, etc., the tightening torque is transmitted directly to the connection conductor, and the auxiliary terminal is sheared. Stress will be applied. Repeated tightening and removal operations of the external terminals repeatedly resulted in damage to the auxiliary terminals and poor airtightness.
[0028]
In the present battery, as shown in FIG. 4A, when the external pin fixing means 10 is attached loosely (when being遊着), the external terminal 9 is engaging with play by the connection conductors 8 In addition, as shown in FIG. 4B, when the external terminal fixing means 10 is tightened (fixed), the connection conductor 8 and the external terminal 9 are fixedly connected. Even if a connection line (not shown) for connecting the battery and the battery is attached to the external terminal 9 and tightened with the nut 10 or the like, the tightening torque is not directly transmitted to the connection conductor 8 and the auxiliary terminal is shear stressed. Therefore, even if the external terminal is repeatedly tightened or removed, the auxiliary terminal is not damaged or airtightness does not occur.
[0029]
Moreover, according to the lithium ion secondary battery of the said structure, the charging / discharging current between the positive electrode 1a of each electric power generation element 1 or the negative electrode 1b, and the auxiliary terminal 3 is the current collection connector 2 comprised with a thick metal plate exclusively. Therefore, a sufficiently large charge / discharge current can be supplied. Moreover, the bundles of the metal foils of the positive electrode 1a and the negative electrode 1b of each power generation element 1 are ultrasonically welded to the connection portion 2a via the sandwiching plate 4 made of a metal plate that is thin to some extent, so that the welding is performed reliably. Is not easily peeled off.
[0030]
Moreover, since the energy by this ultrasonic welding can be concentrated on the convex part 2b of the connection part 2a, the bundle of metal foil can be more reliably and firmly welded to the connection part 2a. Furthermore, each connection part 2a is arrange | positioned at the side part of the bundle | flux of the metal foil of the positive electrode 1a and the negative electrode 1b which protruded from the end surface of the electric power generation element 1, and between these clamping parts 4 in order of these connection parts 2a and metal foil bundles Therefore, the assembly work can be easily performed as compared with the work of inserting the bundle of these metal foils into the corrugated concave portions of the current collector connection body 2 as in the prior art. become.
[0031]
Further, according to the lithium ion secondary battery, the auxiliary terminal 3 made of aluminum alloy or copper alloy is connected and fixed to the connection conductor 8 made of steel, iron alloy or the like, and the connection conductor 8 is connected to an external circuit. Therefore, it is not necessary to directly connect the auxiliary terminal 3 made of an aluminum alloy or copper alloy, which is weak in strength, to the auxiliary terminal 3 which is weakened. There is no risk of damage to the auxiliary terminal 3 or deformation of the auxiliary terminal 3 due to vibration or impact.
[0032]
In addition, although the said embodiment demonstrated the case where the connection part 2a and the metal foil of the positive electrode 1a and the negative electrode 1b were welded between the clamping plates 4 by ultrasonic welding, it welds by other weldings, such as spot welding. You can also. Moreover, it replaces with such welding and it can also crimp | bond the connection part 2a and the metal foil of the positive electrode 1a or the negative electrode 1b by pressing with a strong force from the outer side of the clamping board 4. FIG. In this case, unlike the case of welding, it is necessary to use a metal plate that is thick to some extent so that the connecting portion 2a and the metal foil can be securely pressed and held therebetween.
[0033]
Furthermore, although the said embodiment demonstrated the case where the convex part 2b was formed in the connection part 2a, the same convex part can also be formed in the clamping board 4. FIG. But even when such a convex part 2b is not formed at all, metal foil can be reliably welded or crimped | bonded.
[0034]
In the above embodiment, the case where the metal foil of the positive electrode 1a and the negative electrode 1b is disposed only on one side of the connecting portion 2a has been described. However, the metal foil is disposed on both sides and is sandwiched between the sandwiching plates 4. It can also be. Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although the two connection parts 2a were arrange | positioned in the one end surface of each electric power generation element 1, the arrangement | positioning number of this connection part 2a is not limited. For example, one connecting portion 2a may be disposed on one end face of each power generating element 1, or metal foils protruding from the end faces of two power generating elements 1 adjacent to the one connecting portion 2a may be used. Common welding or pressure bonding can also be performed.
[0035]
Although the lithium ion secondary battery has been described in the above embodiment, the type of battery is not limited. Incidentally, the basic configuration of the lithium ion battery according to the present invention can be as follows.
[0036]
First, various positive electrode active materials such as titanium disulfide, lithium cobalt composite oxide, spinel type lithium manganese oxide, vanadium pentoxide, and molybdenum trioxide can be used. The composite oxide (Li x CoO 2 ) and the spinel type lithium manganese oxide (Li x Mn 2 O 4 ) are charged and discharged at an extremely noble potential of 4 V (Li / Li + ) or more, and therefore used as positive electrodes. A battery having a high discharge voltage can be realized.
[0037]
Note that the positive electrode is publicly made of an aluminum foil having a thickness of 10 to 30 μm as a current collector, and an active material layer is generally applied to both surfaces of the current collector, and the active material layer has a thickness of 50 In view of life performance and charge / discharge characteristics, those having a thickness of ˜150 μm (per side), a density of 1.8 to 3.0 g / cc, and a porosity of 25 to 45% are preferable.
[0038]
As the negative electrode, various materials such as Li-Al alloys and carbon materials capable of occluding and releasing lithium can be applied, including metallic lithium, among which carbon materials are highly safe and have a long cycle life. There is an advantage that a battery is obtained. In this case, a copper foil having a thickness of 10 to 20 μm is suitable as the current collector, and the active material layer has a thickness of 45 to 125 μm (per one side), a density of 1.15 to 2.5 g / cc, and a porosity of The thing of 25 to 45% is preferable on lifetime performance and charge / discharge characteristics.
[0039]
In addition, as an electrolytic solution, a mixture of a high dielectric constant solvent such as propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, 7-butyrolactone, and sulfolane with a low viscosity solvent such as 1,2-dimethoxyethane, dimethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, and diethyl carbonate. Further, lithium perchlorate, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium hexafluorophosphate and the like as solutes are added. Instead of these liquid systems, there are all solid electrolytes, gel electrolytes, and combinations of these with liquid electrolytes.
[0040]
The electrode can be manufactured by, for example, applying a slurry prepared by mixing an active material, a binder, and a solvent onto a metal foil. As binders, fluororesins such as polyvinylidene fluoride and polytetrafluoroethylene are excellent in terms of redox resistance and electrolyte resistance, but in particular, polyvinylidene fluoride soluble in organic solvents is easily slurried. Is currently most widely used. The amount is preferably 2 to 6% by weight for the positive electrode and 6 to 10% by weight for the negative electrode.
[0041]
As the separator, a porous resin film having a thickness of 20 to 60 μm is suitable, but a polymer electrolyte membrane can also be used.
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
As apparent from the above description, the battery of the present invention, since the external terminals in a state of not being secured external terminal fixing means are locking with play by the connection conductors, separated lost external terminal from the battery In addition, the tightening torque for fixing the connection means with the external device is not transmitted to the auxiliary terminal through the connection conductor. When the external terminal fixing means is in the fixed state, the connection conductor and the external terminal are fixedly connected, so that the electrical continuity between the external terminal and the power generation element can be kept good. Therefore, even if the connection means with the external device is repeatedly attached and detached, the auxiliary terminal is not damaged or the airtightness is not lowered, and a battery with high reliability of the terminal portion is provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an assembled perspective view showing a connection structure between a power generation element and a terminal of a lithium ion secondary battery.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a connection part of a current collector connector sandwiched between clamping plates and a metal foil of a positive electrode or a negative electrode of a power generation element.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a conventional example.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an assembled perspective view showing the structure of the power generation element.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Power generation element 1d Aluminum foil 1e Copper foil 1f Insulation material 2 Current collection connection body 2a Connection part 3 Terminal

Claims (1)

電池容器と発電要素と補助端子と接続導体と外部端子と外部端子固定手段とを備えた電池において、
補助端子は電池内部で発電要素と導通を有するとともに、電池外部で接続導体を固定接続するためのものであり、
接続導体は補助端子と外部端子とを接続するとともに、外部端子を遊びを持って係止するためのものであり、
外部端子固定手段は外部端子に外部機器との接続手段を固定するためのものであり、
接続導体と、該接続導体に遊びを持って係止されている外部端子とが外部端子固定手段によって固定接続されるよう構成されたことを特徴とする電池。
In a battery comprising a battery case, a power generation element, an auxiliary terminal, a connection conductor, an external terminal, and an external terminal fixing means,
The auxiliary terminal has electrical continuity with the power generation element inside the battery, and is for fixing and connecting the connection conductor outside the battery.
With connection conductor connects the auxiliary terminal and the external terminal is for engaging with Yu beauty external terminals,
The external terminal fixing means is for fixing a connection means with an external device to the external terminal,
A battery characterized in that a connection conductor and an external terminal locked to the connection conductor with play are fixedly connected by an external terminal fixing means.
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