JP4817369B2 - Fire detector and fire detection system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a fire detector and a fire detection system.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a monitoring range with respect to a viewing angle in a conventional fire detector.

  A fire detector in a conventional flame detection system includes a right eye infrared light receiving element and a left eye infrared light receiving element as flame light receiving elements, and monitors a right eye monitoring range and a left eye monitoring range, respectively. Therefore, in order to monitor the fire detection section for each detector in the road tunnel, it is necessary to increase the sensitivity of the flame light receiving element (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  The monitoring area where a sensor (fire detector) installed in a road tunnel is required is a rectangle having a road width of 20 m × a fire detector of 25 m or more on each of the left and right sides of the light receiving window with a contamination degree of 85%. On the other hand, since the FOV (Field Of View / field of view) of the sensor is substantially hemispherical, it is necessary to increase the sensitivity of the flame light receiving element excessively in order to secure the sensitivity in the front direction.

  The degree of contamination is 0% when the light receiving window is not dirty, but the degree of contamination gradually increases due to adhesion of dust or the like in the tunnel. The degree of contamination of the light receiving window is periodically checked, and if it is determined that a contamination warning level at which the monitoring area cannot be secured has been reached, the operator needs to clean the light receiving window.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a monitoring area, a detection area in the monitoring area, and an undetectable area in the monitoring area when a fire detector that monitors the front direction with one sensor unit is configured in a conventional fire detector. It is.

  When a fire detector is configured with one sensor unit, as shown in FIG. 6, an undetectable region occurs as shown in FIG. 6 with respect to a square monitoring region.

  FIG. 7 shows a conventional fire detector, when a fire detector that independently monitors the left and right directions is configured with two sensor units, when the detection area of the sensor is matched with the end limit of the monitoring area, It is a figure which shows the detection area in an area | region, and the undetectable area | region in a monitoring area | region.

  When the fire detector is configured with two sensor units, when the detection area of the sensor is matched with the end limit of the monitoring area, an undetectable area is generated in the front direction of the fire detector as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 8 shows a monitoring area when the front direction of the fire detector is included in the detection area in the monitoring area when a fire detector that independently monitors the left and right directions is configured with two sensor units in the conventional fire detector. It is a figure which shows the detection area | region in a monitoring area | region.

When a fire detector is configured with two sensor units, the left and right are monitored independently by the two sensor units as shown in FIG. However, in this case, in order to cover the monitoring area, it is necessary to increase the sensitivity extra.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-233978

As a method of confirming the monitoring range of the fire detector, an operation test on a gasoline combustion fire source of a certain scale (2 liters of gasoline is put in a 0.5 m ² fire pan and it is tested whether it operates within 30 seconds after ignition. )It has been known. Measure by changing the distance to the fire source and the angle of the fire detector.

  In the above conventional example, there is a problem that the monitoring sensitivity is low in front of the fire detector (monitoring range near 0 degrees angle).

  The ideal FOV (Field Of View / field of view) of the sensor is that there is no unevenness for each viewing angle and it is uniform. In this way, long distance detection is inevitably possible.

In the fire detector having the left and right sensors that are independent from each other, the present invention can optimize the detection sensitivity of the fire detector in the fire monitoring area or extend the distance, and further add a sensor. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fire detector and a fire detection system that can further subdivide the fire monitoring area.

The present invention includes a left-hand monitoring light-receiving unit that monitors a left-hand fire monitoring area of a fire detector, a right-hand monitoring light-receiving unit that monitors a right-hand fire monitoring area of the fire detector, and the left-hand direction. If the value of the output signal of the monitoring light receiving unit is larger than the first fire threshold, the left-side fire source presence determining means for determining that a fire source is present in the left direction of the fire detector, and the right If the value of the output signal of the direction monitoring light-receiving unit is greater than the second fire threshold, the right-side fire source presence determining means for determining that the fire source is present in the right direction of the fire detector, If the value of the output signal of the left-direction monitoring light-receiving unit is less than or equal to the first fire threshold and the value of the output signal of the right-direction monitoring light-receiving unit is less than or equal to the second fire threshold, An adding means for adding the output signal of the light receiving unit and the output signal of the right direction monitoring light receiving unit; The value of the output signal of the left-direction monitoring light-receiving unit is smaller than the first fire threshold value, and the value of the output signal of the right-direction monitoring light-receiving unit is smaller than the second fire threshold value. Front direction fire source presence judging means for judging that a fire source is present in the front direction of the fire detector if the value added by the adding means is larger than a third fire threshold value. It is a fire detector.

According to the present invention, since the fire detection is performed by adding the output signals of the left and right sensors provided independently to each other in one fire detector, the sensitivity in the front direction of the fire detector can be increased, In addition, since the front direction can be detected without adding a sensor, the fire monitoring area can be further subdivided together with the left and right directions.

  The best mode for carrying out the invention is the following examples.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a fire detector DE1 that is Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  The fire detector DE1 includes sensor substrates 1 and 2, a light receiving glass 3, internal light sources 4 and 5, external light sources 6 and 7, a glass filter 8, a main substrate 9, and a left monitoring short wavelength element 11. , 13, left-direction monitoring long wavelength element 12, right-direction monitoring short wavelength elements 21, 23, and right-direction monitoring long wavelength element 22.

  The sensor substrates 1 and 2 are installed to be inclined with respect to the main substrate 9, and the sensor substrate 1 has left monitoring short wavelength elements 11 and 13 having high detection sensitivity in the short wavelength region, and detection sensitivity in the long wavelength region. The left monitoring long wavelength element 12 and the internal light source 4 are provided. The sensor substrate 2 is provided with short wavelength elements 21 and 23 for right direction monitoring, long wavelength elements 22 for right direction monitoring, and an internal light source 5.

  The left-direction monitoring light receiving unit 10 is configured by the left-direction monitoring short wavelength elements 11 and 13 and the left-direction monitoring long wavelength element 12. The left monitoring light receiving unit 10 monitors the left fire monitoring area of the fire detector DE1.

  The right direction monitoring light receiving unit 20 is configured by the right direction monitoring short wavelength elements 21 and 23 and the right direction monitoring long wavelength element 22. The right-direction monitoring light receiving unit 20 monitors the fire monitoring area in the right direction of the fire detector DE1.

  The fire detector DE1 includes a left-side fire source presence determination unit 30, a right-side fire source presence determination unit 40, an addition unit 50, and a front-side fire source presence determination unit 60.

  If the value of the output signal of the left-direction monitoring light-receiving unit 10 is greater than the first fire threshold, the left-side fire source presence determination unit 30 determines that a fire source exists in the left direction of the fire detector DE1. to decide.

  If the value of the output signal of the right-direction monitoring light-receiving unit 20 is greater than the second fire threshold, the right-side fire source presence determination unit 40 determines that a fire source exists in the right direction of the fire detector DE1. to decide.

  The adding means 50 adds the output signal of the left-direction monitoring light receiving unit 10 and the output signal of the right-direction monitoring light receiving unit 20.

  The front direction fire source presence determination means 60 has a value of the output signal of the left direction monitoring light receiving unit 10 smaller than the first fire threshold value and a value of the output signal of the right direction monitoring light receiving unit 20 is the second value. If the value added by the adding means 50 is larger than the third fire threshold, it is determined that there is a fire source in the front direction of the fire detector DE1.

  In FIG. 1, only the upper short wavelength elements 11 and 21 are wired. Actually, the lower short-wavelength elements 13 and 23 and the long-wavelength elements 12 and 22 are also wired, but the illustration is omitted for easy understanding.

  In addition, the fire detector DE1 can specify that the position of the fire source is the front direction or the side direction of the fire detector based on the outputs of the pair of short wavelength elements 11 and 13 disposed on both sides of the long wavelength element 12. Therefore, even if a fire occurs simultaneously at a plurality of locations, it is possible to determine the fire.

  FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the operation of the fire detector DE1.

  First, in S1, the left monitoring light receiving unit 10 performs fire monitoring, and in S2, the value of the output signal of the left monitoring light receiving unit 10 is compared with the first fire threshold. If the value of the output signal of the left-direction monitoring light receiving unit 10 is larger than the first fire threshold value, the left-side fire source presence determining means 30 determines that the left-side monitoring area has a fire in S3.

  Next, in S4, the light monitoring unit 20 for right direction monitoring performs fire monitoring, and in S5, the value of the output signal of the light monitoring unit 20 for right direction monitoring is compared with the second fire threshold value. If the value of the output signal of the right-direction monitoring light-receiving unit 20 is greater than the second fire threshold value, the right-side fire source presence determination means 40 determines in S6 that a fire has occurred in the right-direction monitoring area.

  If a fire source is present in the left monitoring area by the above operation, the left fire source presence determining means 30 determines the presence of the fire source. If there is a fire source in the right direction monitoring area, the right direction fire source presence determining means 40 determines the presence of the fire source. If there are fire sources in both the left monitoring area and the right monitoring area, the left and right fire source presence determining means 30 and 40 determine the presence of the fire source.

  By the way, the value of the output signal of the left-direction monitoring light-receiving unit 10 is not more than the first fire threshold value (S2), and the value of the output signal of the right-direction monitoring light-receiving unit 20 is not more than the second fire threshold value. If so (S5), the value of the output signal of the left-direction monitoring light-receiving unit 10 and the value of the output signal of the right-direction monitoring light-receiving unit 20 are added in S7. In S8, this added value is compared with the third fire threshold. If the added value is larger than the third fire threshold, it is determined in S9 that a fire has occurred in the front area of the fire detector DE1. To do.

  That is, the above embodiment can determine the presence of a fire source in the front direction monitoring area separately from the left direction monitoring area and the right direction monitoring area, and can also determine the left direction monitoring area, the right direction monitoring area, and the front direction monitoring area. The presence of a fire source can be determined independently for each area of the area. And when making these judgments, it is not necessary to add a sensor other than the sensor conventionally provided.

  Furthermore, in the fire detector DE1, the first fire threshold value for the output value of the left-direction monitoring light-receiving unit 10, the second fire threshold value for the output value of the right-direction monitoring light-receiving unit 20, and the left-direction monitoring light-receiving unit A third fire threshold value for the added value of the output value of 10 and the output value of the right-direction monitoring light receiving unit 20 can be set.

  Actually, the first fire threshold and the second fire threshold are set to the same value, and the third fire threshold for the added value is smaller than both the first fire threshold and the second fire threshold. Often set. However, according to the installation environment of the fire detector DE1 in the tunnel, each fire threshold value is set so that the monitoring area in the left direction, the monitoring area in the right direction, and the monitoring area in the front direction are optimally allocated. May be.

  For example, the road width is set to 8 m to 20 m depending on the size of the tunnel. If the road width is narrow, each fire threshold may be set so that the fire sensitivity of the front direction monitoring area is low.If the road width is wide, each fire threshold is set so that the sensitivity of the front direction monitoring area is high. A fire threshold may be set. In addition, the light receiving glass 3 of the fire detector DE1 in the tunnel is more susceptible to dust and dirt on the windward side than the leeward side. Different fire threshold values may be set for the direction monitoring area.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a monitoring range with respect to the viewing angle in the fire detector DE1.

In the fire detector DE1, the left monitoring light receiving unit 10 and the right monitoring light receiving unit 20 not only perform fire monitoring independently in the left and right directions, but also the left monitoring light receiving unit 10 and the right monitoring light reception. By adding the outputs from the unit 20, the sensitivity in the front direction is increased. As a result, the unevenness for each viewing angle is less than the monitoring range for the viewing angle of the conventional fire detector shown in FIG.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a fire detection system 100 that is Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

  The fire detection system 100 is provided in the tunnel T, and includes a plurality of fire detectors DE1, DE2, DE3,..., A plurality of water spray heads H11, H12, H13, H21, H22, H23,. It has valves V11, V12, V13, V21, V22, V23,..., A control panel CP, and a water supply source W.

  The fire detector DE1 transmits a fire signal to the control panel CP when a fire is detected.

  The control panel CP alerts and displays a fire signal from the fire detector DE1, and controls the water discharge to the fire extinguishing equipment.

  The fire extinguishing equipment including the water spray heads H11, H12, H13, H21, H22, H23,... Discharges water by the water discharge control of the control panel CP.

  Each configuration of the fire detectors DE2, DE3,... Is the same as that of the fire detector DE1.

  The fire detector DE1 has a left direction monitoring area A11, a right direction monitoring area A12, and a front direction monitoring area A13. For the left direction warning area Z11, the right direction warning area Z12, and the front direction warning area Z13, the district valve V11, V12, V13 and water spray heads H11, H12, H13 are provided.

  Similarly, the fire detector DE2 has a left direction monitoring area A21, a right direction monitoring area A22, and a front direction monitoring area A23. In the left direction warning area Z21, the right direction warning area Z22, and the front direction warning area Z23. On the other hand, district valves V21, V22, V23 and water spray heads H21, H22, H23 are provided.

  Furthermore, the fire detector DE3 has a left direction monitoring area A31, a right direction monitoring area A32, and a front direction monitoring area A33. For the left direction warning area Z31, the right direction warning area Z32, and the front direction warning area Z33, District valves V31, V32, V33 and water spray heads H31, H32, H33 are provided.

  For example, the operation of the fire detection system 100 when a small-scale fire occurs in the frontal warning area Z23 of the fire detector DE2 in the tunnel T will be described.

  Since the output value of the left-direction monitoring light-receiving unit 10 of the fire detector DE2 is smaller than the first fire threshold value and the output value of the right-direction monitoring light-receiving unit 20 is smaller than the second fire threshold value, the left Neither the directional fire source presence determination means 30 nor the right direction fire source presence determination means 40 can determine the presence of a fire source.

  On the other hand, when the output values of the left monitoring light receiving unit 10 and the right monitoring light receiving unit 20 of the fire detector DE2 are added, the output value becomes larger than the third fire threshold value. Can determine the presence of a fire source.

  Therefore, the fire detector DE2 transmits to the control panel CP that a fire has occurred in the front direction warning area Z23. Then, a start signal is transmitted from the control panel CP to the pump P, and an open signal is transmitted from the control panel CP to the district valve V23, so that the front direction warning area of the fire detector DE2 from the water supply source W through the pipe L. Water for fire extinguishing is sprinkled from the water spray head H23 of Z23.

  In the first embodiment, in the sensors provided independently on the left and right in the fire detector DE1, the sensitivity of the front direction of the fire detector DE1 can be compensated by adding each sensor output. The detection sensitivity of the fire detector DE1 is substantially uniform with respect to an arbitrary fire source direction.

Moreover, in Example 2, since not only the right-and-left direction of a fire detector but the front direction can be used as a fire monitoring area, the water discharge section with respect to the fire source position can be subdivided, and a water spray nozzle with a small amount of water is used. Can be extinguished.

It is a figure which shows the structure of fire detector DE1 which is Example 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of fire detector DE1. It is a figure which shows the monitoring range with respect to a viewing angle in fire detector DE1. It is a figure which shows the fire detection system 100 which is Example 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the monitoring range with respect to a viewing angle in the conventional fire detector. In the conventional fire detector, when the fire detector which carries out the independent monitoring of the front direction by 1 sensor unit is comprised, it is a figure which shows the detection area | region in the monitoring area | region, the monitoring area | region, and the undetectable area | region in a monitoring area | region. In the conventional fire detector, it is a figure which shows the detection area | region in a monitoring area | region and a monitoring area | region, when the fire detector which monitors the left-right direction independently with 2 sensor units is comprised. In a conventional fire detector, when a fire detector that independently monitors the left and right directions is configured with two sensor units, when the sensor detection area is aligned with the end limit of the monitoring area, detection in the monitoring area and monitoring area It is a figure which shows the area which cannot be detected in an area | region and a monitoring area | region.

Explanation of symbols

DE1, DE2, DE3 ... fire detectors,
10 ... light receiving part for left monitoring,
20: Light receiving unit for right monitoring
30 ... Left direction fire source existence determination means,
40 ... Right direction fire source presence determination means,
50 ... addition means,
60: Front direction fire source existence determination means.

Claims (3)

A left-handed light-receiving unit for monitoring the left-hand fire monitoring area of the fire detector;
A right-handed light-receiving unit for monitoring the right-hand fire monitoring area of the fire detector;
A left-side fire source presence determining means for determining that a fire source is present in the left direction of the fire detector if the value of the output signal of the left-direction monitoring light-receiving unit is greater than a first fire threshold; ;
A right-side fire source presence determining means for determining that a fire source is present in the right direction of the fire detector if the value of the output signal of the right-direction monitoring light-receiving unit is greater than a second fire threshold; ;
If the value of the output signal of the left-direction monitoring light-receiving unit is less than or equal to the first fire threshold and the value of the output signal of the right-direction monitoring light-receiving unit is less than or equal to the second fire threshold, the left direction monitoring Adding means for adding the output signal of the light receiving unit for light and the output signal of the light receiving unit for right direction monitoring;
The value of the output signal of the left-direction monitoring light-receiving unit is smaller than the first fire threshold value, and the value of the output signal of the right-direction monitoring light-receiving unit is smaller than the second fire threshold value, Front direction fire source presence determining means for determining that a fire source is present in the front direction of the fire detector if the value added by the adding means is greater than a third fire threshold ;
A fire detector characterized by comprising: In claim 1,
The first fire threshold and the second fire threshold are set to different values in consideration of the wind direction, and the third fire threshold is any of the first fire threshold and the second fire threshold. And the third fire threshold is set according to the road width . A left-hand monitoring light-receiving unit that monitors the left-hand fire monitoring area of the fire detector, a right-hand monitoring light-receiving unit that monitors the right-hand fire monitoring area of the fire detector, and the left-hand monitoring light-receiving unit If the value of the output signal is greater than the first fire threshold, the left fire source presence determining means for determining that a fire source is present in the left direction of the fire detector, and the right monitoring light reception If the value of the output signal of the unit is larger than the second fire threshold value, the right direction fire source presence determining means for determining that the fire source is present in the right direction of the fire detector, and the left direction monitoring If the value of the output signal of the light receiving unit is less than or equal to the first fire threshold value and the value of the output signal of the light receiving unit for right direction monitoring is less than or equal to the second fire threshold value, the output of the light receiving unit for left direction monitoring Adding means for adding the signal and the output signal of the right-hand monitoring light receiving unit; The value of the output signal of the light receiving unit for the light is smaller than the first fire threshold value, the value of the output signal of the light receiving unit for the right direction monitoring is smaller than the second fire threshold value, and the adding means A fire detector comprising front-side fire source presence determining means for determining that a fire source is present in the front direction of the fire detector if the added value is greater than a third fire threshold ;
Water discharge control means for controlling water discharge in a warning area corresponding to the location of the fire source detected by the fire detector;
A fire detection system characterized by comprising:

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