JP4775416B2 - Disc recording apparatus and alternative area setting method in rewritable optical disc recording medium - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a disk recording apparatus for setting an alternative area when re-initializing a rewritable optical disk, and an alternative area setting method for a rewritable optical disk recording medium.

When data is recorded on an optical disc, a recording error may occur due to scratches, dust, vibration, etc. on the disc surface. In such a case, there is a method of recording data to be recorded in the user data area in an alternative area (also referred to as a spare area) such as an inner circumference or an outer circumference of the user data area. Here, there is a technique for changing the size of the alternative area at the time of recording (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-293554 JP-T-2006-523910

  However, in the background arts of Patent Documents 1 and 2 described above, the alternative area whose size is changed is limited to a specific position (for example, physical address end position) on the disk, and depending on the defect detection position, the inner circumference of the disk is limited. There may be a situation in which a long seek reciprocates from the outer periphery to the outer periphery. In particular, in a disc having a user data area and an alternative area in a plurality of recording layers, there may be a situation in which recording learning of a recording laser is required to record from a user data area of one layer to an alternative area of another layer. .

  In addition, if such alternative processing occurs frequently, the recording rate temporarily decreases, and in the case of data with high real-time properties such as television broadcasting, there is a possibility that recording is not performed correctly and reproduction becomes impossible. Therefore, in real-time data recording, there is a specification that avoids large video disturbances instead of accepting small errors by stream recording without error detection or substitution processing, but high-precision recording / reproduction can be achieved. Can not. Therefore, it is only necessary to perform replacement recording reliably by short-distance seek with a relatively short processing time, but in order to do so, a large number of alternative areas are required in the vicinity of areas where there are many defective parts including potential ones. become.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a disk recording apparatus capable of arranging an alternative area effective for data recording such as video data with high real-time characteristics when re-initializing a rewritable optical disk, and an alternative in a rewritable optical disk recording medium. An object is to provide a region setting method.

In order to achieve the above object, the disk recording apparatus of the present invention is an alternative for recording the user data area divided for each segment and the user data that is provided adjacent to each segment and recorded in the defective part of each segment. A defective part detecting means for detecting the defective part from the user data area of a rewritable optical disc having an area, an address of the defective part, and an address of an alternative area for recording the data to be recorded in the defective part A defect management information generating / storing means for generating and storing at least defect management information; and, when re-initializing the rewritable optical disc, the defect management information before re-initialization is searched, and a defect area size for each segment A defect area size measuring means for measuring the segment, and each segment after re-initialization based on the defect area size for each segment. An alternative area size setting means for determining an alternative area size to be arranged adjacent to the segment, and an area resetting process for resetting each segment and each alternative area after reinitialization based on the alternative area size for each segment. Means.
The disc recording apparatus of the present invention also has a rewrite having a user data area divided for each segment, and an alternative area provided adjacent to each segment and for alternatively recording user data to be recorded in a defective portion of each segment. When re-initializing the optical disk, verification data is written in the user data area, and the defect part detecting means for detecting the defect part from the user data area, the address of the defect part, and the defect part are recorded in the defect part. Defect management information generating and storing means for generating and storing defect management information including at least an address of an alternative area for recording the data to be replaced, and the defect management information after reinitialization when the rewritable optical disk is reinitialized And a defect area size measuring means for measuring the defect area size for each segment, and a defect area for each segment. An alternative area size setting means for determining an alternative area size to be arranged adjacent to each segment after reinitialization based on the area size, and each of the after reinitialization based on the alternative area size for each segment You may make it have an area resetting means to reset a segment and each alternative area.
Here, the replacement area size setting means sets the defect area size for each segment so that the total replacement area size of the entire disk set at the time of re-initialization and the total of the allocation replacement area sizes for each segment match. The size of the replacement area for each segment after re-initialization may be determined by increasing / decreasing by an equal amount, or the replacement area size of the entire disk set at the time of re-initialization and the allocation to each segment Based on the defect area size and the defect ratio for each segment so as to match the total of the substitute area sizes, the allocation ratio of the alternative area size to be allocated to each segment is obtained, and after re-initialization based on the allocation ratio Alternatively, the alternative area size for each segment may be determined.
Further, the problem may be solved by the invention of the alternative area setting method in the rewritable optical disc recording medium in which the means in the above invention is replaced with a step. The alternative area setting method in the above disk recording apparatus and rewritable optical disk recording medium may be achieved by execution of a program by a CPU or a computer.

  According to the present invention, when the rewritable optical disk is reinitialized, the replacement area size to be allocated to the adjacent position of each segment is determined based on the defect area size before or at the time of reinitialization. It is possible to realize a recording / playback system that can record and play back video data with high real-time performance with higher accuracy. Become.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
A disk recording / reproducing apparatus will be described below as Embodiment 1 of the disk recording apparatus of the present invention.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a disk recording / reproducing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  A disc recording / reproducing apparatus is a rewritable optical disc having a user data area divided for each segment and an alternative area that is provided adjacent to each segment and that substitutes user data to be recorded in a defective portion of each segment. Data is recorded on or reproduced from the optical disk 10. The present embodiment is an invention intended for data recording such as video data with high real-time characteristics that requires real-time recording, but it may of course be intended for normal data recording that does not require much real-time characteristics. .

  Here, the disk recording / reproducing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 corresponds to the defect part detection circuit 2 that detects a defect part from each user data area at the time of data writing to or reproduction from the optical disk 10, the address of the defect part, and the defect part. A defect management information generation / storage circuit 3 for generating defect management information including at least an address of an alternative area to be stored and storing the defect management information in an internal memory or the like, and a list of defect management information held in the defect management information generation / storage circuit 3 A defect area size measurement circuit 4 for measuring the size of the defect area for each area divided by the midpoint of the user data area of each layer and the layer switching address, and predetermined user data obtained by the defect measurement circuit 4 An alternative area size setting circuit 5 for determining a size to be assigned to each alternative area based on the size of the defective area for each area, and each assigned alternative area Determining a new user data area address and the replacement area address after reinitializing size, and a region-resetting circuit 6 to be registered as a new defect management list, a. The disc recording / reproducing apparatus also includes a recording system circuit 7 that modulates defect management information as format data, a laser drive circuit 8 that emits laser light based on the data, and an optical pickup unit that reads and writes data on the optical disc 10. (In the figure, it is abbreviated as P.U.) 9. FIG. 1 is a configuration example of a part related to the reinitialization process, and details of the recording system circuit such as the recording pulse generation circuit and the description of the reproduction system processing circuit are omitted.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of setting an alternative area in the case of a two-layer rewritable optical disc as an example of the optical disc 10. Of course, the optical disk 10 may be a single-layer disk.

  In other words, as shown in FIG. 2, this two-layer optical disk 10 includes a user data area 10A in which the user can record data in each of the first layer (Layer 0) and the second layer (Layer 1). Alternative areas 10B and 10C are provided on the circumferential side and the outer circumferential side, respectively. The recording / reproducing direction is as shown by the arrows in FIG.

  FIG. 3 shows an example of setting an alternative area when a total of four segments 1 to 4 (segments 1 to 4) are provided in each of the user data areas 10A of each layer of the two-layer optical disk 10 shown in FIG. ing.

  In the optical disk 10, one replacement area (replace 1 to 4) is provided for each segment 1 to 4 (segment 1 to 4) of the user data area. That is, the replacement area (replace 1) corresponds to segment 1 (segment 1), the replacement area 2 (replace 2) corresponds to segment 2 (segment 2), the replacement area 3 (replace 3) to segment 3 (segment 3), and the segment 4 (segment 4) ) Corresponds to the replacement area 4 (replace 4). As described above, in the data recording / reproducing apparatus according to the first embodiment, the user data area 10A of the optical disc 10 is divided into arbitrary segments, and one alternative area is allocated corresponding to each segment, and the same layer is formed with respect to the defective portion. In addition, by preferentially selecting an alternative area with a shorter distance on the inner and outer circumferences, it is possible to reduce time loss and data transfer rate reduction due to the alternative process.

  Next, the operation will be described.

  The defective part detection circuit 2 detects a defective part from each user data area 10A and outputs it to the defect management information generation and storage circuit 3 at the time of data writing to the optical disk 10 after initialization (formatting) or reproduction. The defect management information generation storage circuit 3 includes defect management information including at least the address of the defective part detected by the defective part detection circuit 2 from each user data area 10A and the address of the replacement area (replace 1 to 4) corresponding to the defective part. Is stored in an internal memory or the like.

  In such a situation, when the defect measurement circuit 4 receives a reinitialization (reformat) request for the optical disc 10, the defect management information is generated and stored as the current defect management information before the reinitialization (reformat) request. Reading from the circuit 3, the size of the defect area is measured for each of the four segments (segments 1 to 4) in total of the inner and outer segments of each layer of the optical disk 10.

  The replacement area size setting circuit 5 is based on the total newly assigned replacement area size acquired from the parameters of the reinitialization request command and the size of the defect area for each segment (segment 1 to 4) obtained by the defect measurement circuit 4. Then, the size to be allocated to each alternative area is determined. The determination method is as follows.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a first example in which a new allocation size of each replacement area is determined from the measured defect area size in the first embodiment.

  First, FIG. 4 shows a case where the total size of the newly allocated replacement area is larger than the total size of the defect area measured for each segment by the defect measurement circuit 4. In this case, the substitute area size setting circuit 5 divides a value obtained by subtracting (total size of the measured defect area) from (total size of newly assigned substitute area) by 4 of the number of segments, It is added to the alternate area size (= original defect area size) of the segment. In other words, the alternative area size setting circuit 5 adds each of the defective area sizes before re-initialization to an area obtained by equally dividing the alternative size increased in the current format by the segment.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a second example in which a new allocation size of each replacement area is determined from the measured defect area size in the first embodiment.

  FIG. 5 shows a case where the total size of the defect area measured by the defect measurement circuit 4 is larger than the total size of the new allocation alternative area, contrary to FIG. In such a case, the substitute area size setting circuit 5 divides a value obtained by subtracting (total size of newly assigned substitute area) from (total size of the defective area measured) by 4 of the number of segments, Allocate the number of alternative areas subtracted from the defect area size before re-initialization of the segment.

  Here, the alternative area size setting circuit 5 sets the lower limit value of the alternative size assigned to each segment, and when the size of a certain alternative area after re-initialization is likely to fall below the lower limit value, The alternative size of the segment may be set to the lower limit value, and the same calculation may be performed for the remaining segments.

  When the replacement area size setting circuit 5 determines the reassignment of the size of each replacement area, the area resetting circuit 6 sets the replacement area size newly assigned by the replacement area size setting circuit 5 and the defect management information generation storage circuit. A new user data area address and a substitute area address are determined from the defect management information stored in 3 to create new defect management information, which is stored in the defect management information generation storage circuit 3 and to the recording system circuit 7. Output. Of course, the area resetting circuit 6 itself may store defect management information.

  The recording circuit 7 extracts new defect management information from the area resetting circuit 6 or the defect management information generation / storage circuit 3, creates format data including other management information, performs data modulation, etc., and drives the laser Output to the circuit 8. The laser drive circuit 8 emits laser light to the optical disk 10 through the optical pickup unit (P.U.) 9 and records format data on the disk 9. This completes reinitialization.

  As described above, in the disc recording / reproducing apparatus of the first embodiment, for example, when the optical disc 10 having two recording layers is reinitialized, the user data area in each layer is divided into two segments on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side. Is divided into a total of four segments (segments 1 to 4), one replacement area is allocated to one segment, and it is re-initialized by increasing or decreasing by an equal amount with respect to the defect area size for each segment before the initial initialization. Since the alternative area size to be allocated to each subsequent segment was decided, even if many defects occur at the same position as before re-initialization, the alternative area can be secured in the same segment. The number of cases of substitution can be reduced, and recording / reproduction can be performed while maintaining a high data transfer rate without spending time for long seek or recording adjustment processing for each layer during recording.

Embodiment 2.
In the first embodiment, not only the size of each segment but also a replacement area is newly allocated by increasing / decreasing by an equal amount from the defect area size for each segment before re-initialization. In the second embodiment, The replacement area is assigned according to the size, defect ratio, etc. of each segment before reinitialization. Since the configuration itself is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, description of the configuration is omitted, and only characteristic operations will be described with reference to FIG.

  In the second embodiment, upon receiving a reinitialization request command for the optical disc 10, the defect area size measurement circuit 4 reads the defect management information before the reinitialization request from the defect management information generation storage circuit 3 and the like. The size of the defect area is measured for each segment (Seg1 to 4) divided on the inner and outer peripheral sides of each layer, and the defect ratio in each segment, that is, (defect area size) / (segment size) is obtained.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a method for determining an alternative area size according to the second embodiment.

  In FIG. 6, the alternative area size setting circuit 5 of the second embodiment first calculates the size of each segment and the number of defects in each segment in each segment of the optical disc 10 having four segments (Seg1 to Seg4) in two layers. Example of obtaining the defect ratio in each segment from the alternative area size corresponding to each segment, obtaining the allocation ratio of the defect area size from the size of each segment and the defect ratio, and assigning the size of the alternative area according to the allocation ratio Is shown. Note that when the size of each segment is multiplied by the respective defect ratio, the size of the alternative area for each segment before reinitialization is obtained.

  In FIG. 6, for example, the designated alternative area size of each of the four segments is 1; 1%, 0.4%, 0.5% of 10: 1; 4; 5. Then, the allocation ratio is 40%, 8%, 32%, and 20% of 10; 2; 8; 5 by multiplying the size of each segment and the defect ratio, respectively. As a result, the new allocation alternative area size of each of the four segments is 0x6600 depending on the allocation ratio of 40%, 8%, 32%, and 20% when the total alternative area size is, for example, 0x10000 sectors. Sector, 0x1500 sector, 0x5200 sector, 0x3300 sector.

  In this way, the alternative area size setting circuit 5 according to the second embodiment determines each segment (Seg1) from the number of defects or the defect area size measured by the defect area size measurement circuit 4 and the size of each segment (Seg1 to Seg4). The allocation ratio of the alternative area in .about.Seg4) is obtained, and the designated alternative area size in the entire disk in the reinitialization request is divided according to the allocation ratio in accordance with the allocation ratio.

  Then, the area resetting circuit 6 stores each alternative area size allocated by the alternative area size setting circuit 5 and the defect management information generation storage circuit 3 when the alternative area size setting circuit 5 determines the setting of the alternative area size. A new user data area address and an alternative area address are determined from the defect management information thus created, and new defect management information is created and stored in the defect management information generation storage circuit 3. Of course, the area resetting circuit 6 itself may store defect management information.

  The recording circuit 7 reads new defect management information from the area resetting circuit 6 or the defect management information generation / storage circuit 3, creates format data including other management information, performs data modulation, etc., and drives the laser Output to the circuit 8. The laser drive circuit 8 emits laser light to the optical disk 10 via the optical pickup unit (P.U.) 9 and records format information on the disk 9. This completes reinitialization.

  As described above, the disc recording / reproducing apparatus according to the second embodiment, for example, divides the user data area of the optical disc 10 having two recording layers into four segments, and re-initializes the defect before re-initialization. From the management information, the size of the replacement area is distributed according to the defect ratio for the segment with many defective parts, and set as the preferential replacement area when a defect is detected in the segment. As a result, consideration is given to potential defects before reinitialization, and even if many defects occur at the same position as before reinitialization, an alternative area can be secured at a position where the seek distance is short, For example, seek recording from the innermost segment to the alternate area on the outermost circumference, and further substitution, for example, seek from the first segment to the alternate area on the second layer. The number of cases where the recording process is performed can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to perform recording and reproduction while maintaining a high data transfer rate without spending time for long seek or recording adjustment processing for each layer during recording.

Embodiment 3. FIG.
In the first and second embodiments, the alternative region after reinitialization is set according to the defect site detection result of the optical disc 10 detected by the defective site detection circuit 2 when writing user data before reinitialization. As described above, in the third embodiment, after reinitialization, for example, the defective part detection circuit 2 records and reproduces certification (for inspection) data, detects the defective part, and sets an alternative area.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a disk recording / reproducing apparatus according to the third embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 7, in the disc recording / reproducing apparatus of the third embodiment, the defective portion detection circuit 20 executes the certification based on the reinitialization request command to detect the defective portion. Unlike Embodiment 1, etc., a reinitialization request command is input to the defect site detection circuit 20 and not input to the defect area size measurement circuit 4. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Here, although the defective part detection circuit 20 detects the defective part by executing the certification, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is of course possible to provide a certification dedicated circuit for executing the certification.

  Next, the operation will be described.

  When receiving the reinitialization request command, the defect site detection circuit 20 according to the third embodiment reads the defect management information before reinitialization from the defect management information generation storage circuit 3 and applies to all registered defect sites. Then, the certification (inspection) data is recorded and reproduced to determine whether the area is normal. The address determined to be a defect is added to the list as new defect management information in the defect management information generation / storage circuit 3.

  Here, in addition to the method of certifying only the defective part before re-initialization as described above, the defective part detection circuit 20 covers the entire user data area of the optical disc 10, the entire user data area and the alternative area, and the like. Of course, you may make it certify. However, if the entire area is checked, it is possible to grasp the defective part more accurately. However, since it takes a considerable time to certify, it is preferable that the user can select which process is performed. For example, the re-initialization request command parameters can be distinguished.

  When the certification by the defective part detection circuit 20 is completed, the defect area size measuring circuit 4 reads the new defect management information that has been certified by the re-initialization request from the defect management information generation storage circuit 3, and the certification is obtained from the defect management information. Thus, the address of the defective part detected by the defective part detection circuit 20 is read, and the size of the defective area for each segment is measured.

  The replacement area size setting circuit 5 acquires the total of the newly allocated replacement area sizes from the parameters of the reinitialization request command, and sets the replacement area size in accordance with the defect area size for each segment measured by the defect area size measurement circuit 4. Allocation is set for each segment, and an alternative area is set at the adjacent position of each segment.

  When the replacement area size setting circuit 5 determines the setting of the replacement area, the area reset circuit 6 determines each replacement area size assigned by the replacement area size setting circuit 5 and the defect stored in the defect management information generation storage circuit 3. A new user data area address and an alternative area address are determined from the management information, and new defect management information is created and stored in the defect management information generation storage circuit 3. Of course, the area resetting circuit 6 itself may store defect management information.

  The recording circuit 7 takes out defect management information from the area reset circuit 6 or the defect management information generation / storage circuit 3, creates format data including other management information, performs data modulation, etc. 8 emits laser light to the optical disk 10 through the optical pickup unit (P.U.) 9 to record the format information on the disk 10. This completes reinitialization.

  As described above, the disc recording / reproducing apparatus of Embodiment 3 performs certification (for inspection) on the entire user data area, the front surface of the user data area and the defect area, or the defective part before reinitialization at the time of reinitialization. ) Write data and perform certification, and based on the defect detection result, set an alternate area of a larger size for the segment with a large number of defect detections to the adjacent position when a defect is detected in that segment Therefore, even if many defects occur in the same range as before re-initialization, an alternative area can be secured at a position where the seek distance is short. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the case where the alternative recording process is performed in the alternative area apart from the user data area, and further, the case where the alternative recording process is performed beyond the layer can be reduced. Recording / reproduction can be performed while maintaining a high data transfer rate without spending time for each recording adjustment process.

  In the first to third embodiments, the disk recording apparatus of the present invention has been described by taking a disk recording / reproducing apparatus that records and reproduces data as an example. However, the present invention can also be applied to a data recording apparatus that does not perform reproduction. Of course, the present invention can also be applied to a data recording method, a data recording / reproducing method, and a program showing operations executed by the above-described apparatus.

It is a figure which shows an example of the disc recording / reproducing apparatus concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of the setting of the user data area and alternative area in a double layer disk. It is a figure which shows an example which sets a user data area | region and an alternative area | region to a 2 layer disk. 6 is a diagram illustrating a first example of determining a new allocation size of an alternative area in the first embodiment. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a second example of determining a new allocation size of an alternative area in the first embodiment. FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of determining a new allocation size of an alternative area in the second embodiment. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a disk recording / reproducing apparatus according to Embodiment 3.

Explanation of symbols

2,20 Defect site detection circuit 3 Defect management information generation storage circuit 4 Defect area size measurement circuit 5 Alternative area size setting circuit 6 Area reset circuit 7 Recording system circuit 8 Laser drive circuit 9 Optical pickup unit (P.U.)
10 Optical disc (rewritable optical disc)

Claims (6)

The defect from the user data area of the rewritable optical disc having a user data area divided for each segment, and an alternative area provided adjacent to each segment and recording the user data recorded in the defective portion of each segment. A defective part detecting means for detecting the part;
Defect management information generating and storing means for generating and storing defect management information including at least an address of the defective part and an address of an alternative area for alternative recording of data to be recorded in the defective part;
At the time of re-initialization of the rewritable optical disk, the defect management information before re-initialization is searched, and a defect area size measuring means for measuring the defect area size for each segment;
An alternative area size setting means for determining an alternative area size to be arranged adjacent to each segment after re-initialization based on the defect area size for each segment;
Area resetting means for resetting each segment and each alternative area after re-initialization based on the alternative area size for each segment;
A disk recording apparatus. When re-initializing a rewritable optical disc having a user data area divided for each segment and an alternative area that is provided adjacent to each segment and that records user data to be recorded in a defective portion of each segment. Write verification data to the data area, and detect a defective part from the user data area, the defective part detection means,
Defect management information generating and storing means for generating and storing defect management information including at least an address of the defective part and an address of an alternative area for alternative recording of data to be recorded in the defective part;
At the time of re-initialization of the rewritable optical disk, the defect management information after the re-initialization is searched, and a defect area size measuring means for measuring the defect area size for each segment;
An alternative area size setting means for determining an alternative area size to be arranged adjacent to each segment after re-initialization based on the defect area size for each segment;
Area resetting means for resetting each segment and each alternative area after re-initialization based on the alternative area size for each segment;
A disk recording apparatus. The disc recording apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
The alternative area size setting means includes:
Re-initialize by increasing / decreasing the defect area size for each segment by an equal amount so that the total of the replacement area size of the entire disk set at the time of re-initialization and the total of the allocated replacement area size for each segment match. A disk recording apparatus for determining an alternative area size for each subsequent segment. The disc recording apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
The alternative area size setting means includes:
Substitution assigned to each segment based on the defect area size and defect ratio for each segment so that the total of the substitute area size of the entire disk set at the time of re-initialization matches the total of the assigned substitute area sizes for each segment. A disk recording apparatus that obtains an area size allocation ratio and determines an alternative area size for each segment after re-initialization based on the allocation ratio. The defect from the user data area of the rewritable optical disc having a user data area divided for each segment, and an alternative area provided adjacent to each segment and recording the user data recorded in the defective portion of each segment. Detecting a site;
Generating and storing defect management information including at least an address of the defective part and an address of an alternative area for alternative recording of data to be recorded in the defective part;
Searching the defect management information before re-initialization when re-initializing the rewritable optical disc, and measuring the defect area size for each segment;
Determining an alternative area size for each segment after reinitialization based on the defect area size for each segment;
Resetting each segment and each alternative area after re-initialization based on the alternative area size for each segment;
An alternative area setting method in a rewritable optical disc recording medium having When re-initializing a rewritable optical disc having a user data area divided for each segment and an alternative area that is provided adjacent to each segment and that records user data to be recorded in a defective portion of each segment. Writing verification data to the data area, detecting the defective part from the user data area;
Generating and storing defect management information including at least an address of the defective part and an address of an alternative area for alternative recording of data to be recorded in the defective part;
When re-initializing the rewritable optical disc, searching for the defect management information after re-initialization, and measuring the defect area size for each segment;
Determining an alternative area size for each segment after reinitialization based on the defect area size for each segment;
Resetting each segment and each alternative area after re-initialization based on the alternative area size for each segment;
An alternative area setting method in a rewritable optical disc recording medium having

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