JP4751134B2 - Inductor type motor and vehicle equipped with the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an inductor type motor and a vehicle including the same, and more particularly to a motor including a magnetic body (inductor) that guides a magnetic flux to a required position.

  Conventionally, in the generator disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-116610 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-86517, as shown in FIG. 10, the rotating shaft 1 penetrates through a bracket 2 having an outer cylinder through a bearing 3. The field winding 5 is provided on the outer periphery of the yoke 4 that is externally fitted and fixed to the rotary shaft 1, and the claw-shaped magnetic poles 6 and 7 that protrude alternately from the left and right sides of the field winding 5 are provided as a whole. A rotor is formed. On the other hand, the stator 2 is provided on the bracket 2 so as to face the claw-shaped magnetic poles 6 and 7. In addition, the power supply to the field winding 5 is configured to supply power slidably through the slip ring 9.

  According to the above configuration, when a direct current is supplied to the field winding 5 through the slip ring 9, an N pole is generated on the right side of the field winding 5 in the figure and an S pole is generated on the left side of the figure. , The N pole is guided to the claw-shaped magnetic pole 6 protruding from the right side, and the S pole is guided to the claw-shaped magnetic pole 7 protruding from the left side. That is, by providing only one field winding 5 wound around the rotating shaft 1, a plurality of N poles and S poles can be alternately generated in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral side of the rotor. .

However, the field winding 5 is formed as a part of the rotor, and the power supply to the field winding 5 that performs the rotational motion must be performed by sliding contact via the slip ring 9, and the structure is In addition to being complicated, there are problems of life reduction due to contact wear at the slip ring 9 and problems that power feeding is not stable when the sliding contact at the slip ring 9 becomes unstable.
Further, the magnetic flux generated in the field winding 5 uses only the magnetic pole on the outer peripheral side, which is opposite to the bracket 2, and the magnetic pole generated on the inner periphery on the rotating shaft 1 side does not contribute to the torque. There is a problem that only one side of the pole and the S pole is used, resulting in inefficiency.

Further, in recent automobiles, there are some cars in which the rotational speeds of the left and right wheels are made different from each other in accordance with the driving situation and the driving stability is improved. In such cars, as shown in FIG. By transmitting the output from the shaft motor M to each wheel via the differential gear D, a rotational difference is generated in each wheel. However, the differential gear D is not preferable because it is large in both weight and volume, contrary to the reduction in size and weight of the vehicle, and has a large transmission loss (a loss of about 3 to 7% of the motor output).
As shown in FIG. 12, a so-called in-wheel motor that incorporates a single-axis motor M in each tire wheel of four wheels also appears, but the number of motors increases, so that the vehicle weight and cost increase. Further, since the reduction gear G is interposed between the motor M and the wheels in order to earn torque, there is also a transmission loss (a loss of about 1 to 3% of the motor output) that occurs in the gear of the reduction gear G.
JP 54-116610 A JP-A-6-86517

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to make it possible to simplify a structure for feeding power to a coil and the like, improve magnetic flux utilization efficiency, reduce size, and reduce loss.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention firstly is a motor having an axial gap structure in which a field body and an armature coil are arranged to face each other with a gap in the axial direction of the drive shaft,
A field side stator having a field body in which concentric magnetic poles having opposite polarities on the inner circumference side and the outer circumference side around the axis of the drive shaft are excited on both sides in the axial direction;
A pair of rotors each having one side end face opposed to both sides in the axial direction of the field side stator, and a center shaft hole fixed to the drive shaft;
A pair of armature-side stators disposed opposite to the other end surfaces of the rotors,
The pair of armature side stators has a plurality of armature coils whose opposite polarities are alternately excited in the circumferential direction around the axis of the drive shaft,
Each of the pair of rotors arranged between the armature side stators on both sides and the central field side stator has one end surface facing the outer peripheral side of the field body, and the other end surface of the pair of rotors. A first inductor made of a magnetic material facing the child coil, and a second inductor made of a magnetic material having one end surface facing the inner peripheral side of the field body and the other end surface facing the armature coil, An inductor-type motor is provided that is alternately arranged in the circumferential direction.

With the above configuration, since the opposite polarity is excited concentrically on the inner ring side and the outer ring side on the field side, even if the rotor rotates, one end surface of the first inductor is on the field side Since the stator moves, for example, on the circumference of the N pole generation point, and the one end surface of the second inductor moves on the circumference of the field side stator, for example, the S pole generation point, Constant magnetic poles having opposite polarities are induced on the other end face of the second inductor. Therefore, by supplying power so as to periodically change the polarity of the armature coil, an attractive / repulsive force is generated between each inductor and the armature coil, and a driving force of the rotor is generated.
Furthermore, since both the field body and the armature coil are attached to the stator, it is not necessary to use a sliding contact member such as a slip ring for power supply to the coil, the structure can be simplified, and the contact with the slip ring or the like can be achieved. It is possible to solve the problem of life reduction due to wear and the problem of unstable feeding.
The magnetic flux generated in the field body generates magnetic poles on both sides of the field side stator, but the rotor and armature side stators are arranged on both sides of the field side stator so that the field can generate torque. It can be used effectively without waste. And since the field side stator for rotationally driving a pair of rotors is shared by one, the number of parts can be reduced and the size can be reduced. In addition, as described later, when a superconducting material is used for the field body, an expensive superconducting material can be shared and the cost can be reduced.

Specifically, the field body is a field coil in which a conductor wire is wound in an annular shape around an axis.
One end face of the first inductor faces the outer peripheral side of the field coil, one end face of the second inductor faces the inner peripheral side of the field coil, and the first inductor and The other end face of the second inductor is preferably arranged on the same circumference.

With this configuration, when the field coil is energized, an N pole is generated on either the outer peripheral side or the inner peripheral side of the field coil, and an S pole is generated on the other side. And the S pole can be generated concentrically. Therefore, a multi-pole field can be generated by the first inductor and the second inductor with only one field coil, the coil winding operation can be simplified, and the manufacturing efficiency can be improved.
Furthermore, it is preferable that one end surfaces of the first inductor and the second inductor have an arc shape along the field coil.

A second aspect of the present invention is a motor having an axial gap structure in which a field body and an armature coil are opposed to each other with a gap in the axial direction of a drive shaft,
A field-side stator having a plurality of field bodies whose magnetic poles having opposite polarities alternately in the circumferential direction around the axis of the drive shaft are excited on both sides in the axial direction;
A pair of rotors each having one side end face opposed to both sides in the axial direction of the field side stator, and a center shaft hole fixed to the drive shaft;
A pair of armature side stators having armature coils disposed in opposition to the other end surfaces of the respective rotors and having conductor wires wound in an annular shape around the axis of the drive shaft;
The pair of rotors arranged between the armature side stators on the both sides and the central field side stator have one end surface facing the field body and the other end surface of the armature coil. A first inductor made of a magnetic material facing the outer peripheral side, and a second inductor made of a magnetic material having one end face facing the field body and the other end face facing the inner peripheral side of the armature coil, An inductor-type motor is provided that is alternately arranged in the circumferential direction.

  With this configuration, even if the rotor rotates, the other end surface of the first inductor moves along the outer periphery of the armature-side stator, so that a predetermined polarity is induced according to the direction of energization of the armature coil. . On the other hand, since the other end surface of the second inductor moves along the inner periphery of the armature side stator, a polarity opposite to that of the first inductor is induced. Therefore, by supplying power so as to periodically change the polarity of the armature coil, the magnetic poles induced on the one end surfaces of the first inductor and the second inductor periodically change in a state where the polarities are opposite to each other. Then, an attractive / repulsive force is generated between each field body and each inductor, and the rotor rotates.

The other end surfaces of the first inductor and the second inductor are preferably arcuate along the armature coil.
Further, the field body is preferably a field coil wound with a conductor wire.
With this configuration, when the field coil is energized, an N pole is generated on either the outer peripheral side or the inner peripheral side of the field coil, and an S pole is generated on the other side. And the S pole can be generated concentrically. Therefore, a multi-pole field can be generated by the first inductor and the second inductor with only one field coil, the coil winding operation can be simplified, and the manufacturing efficiency can be improved.

A first drive shaft fixed to the one rotor;
It is preferable to include a second drive shaft that is fixed to the other rotor and rotates independently of the first drive shaft.

  With the above configuration, since the drive shafts are independently attached to the rotors, the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft can be obtained by making the energization to the armature coils different for each armature side stator. It is possible to vary the number of rotations.

It is preferable that the rotor and the field-side stator are further arranged outside the armature-side stator in the axial direction.
That is, by increasing the number of stages as in the above configuration, the field is strengthened and the output torque can be increased. Further, in the motor having a multi-stage as described above, it is only necessary to give the role of the yoke to at least the stators at both ends, and the yoke can be reduced rather than simply connecting a plurality of motors. It is possible to reduce leakage magnetic flux.

  It is preferable that at least one of the field body and the armature coil is formed of a superconducting material.

The magnetic body constituting each inductor usually has a relative permeability of 3 digits or more larger than that of air, and the magnetic flux generated by the field body mainly passes through the inductor. However, since a predetermined gap (gap) is provided between the field body and each inductor, and between each inductor and the armature coil, the magnetic resistance increases, and the magnetic flux leaks in an unexpected direction. Magnetic flux may be generated and the magnetic flux contributing to the output may be reduced.
Therefore, by forming one or both of the field body and the armature coil with a superconducting material, it becomes possible to supply a large current without worrying about heat generation, and the generated magnetic flux can be greatly enhanced. Therefore, even if leakage magnetic flux is generated, since the entire magnetic flux is increased, the magnetic flux contributing to the output is also increased, and high output can be achieved. Moreover, since a large current density is obtained by achieving superconductivity, the field body and the armature coil can be reduced, and the motor can be reduced in size and weight. As the superconducting material, it is preferable to use a high temperature superconducting material such as bismuth or yttrium. However, a superconducting bulk magnet may be used as the field body.

  Even if a structure for cooling the superconducting material is provided in order to exhibit the required superconducting performance, both the field body and the armature coil are attached to the stator and do not move as described above. The supply path, seal structure, etc. can be easily designed, and the cooling structure can be simplified.

It is preferable that the magnetic core disposed in the hollow portion of the field coil and / or the armature coil is formed of a dust magnetic material.
With the above-described configuration, the dust magnetic body is advantageous in that it is easy to mold with a mold and has excellent workability and isotropic magnetic characteristics. In addition, the magnetic powder body has a structure in which the magnetic powder is bonded with an insulating resin, or the magnetic powder covered with a coating is bonded with an insulating resin, so that the individual magnetic powders are insulated with a resin. As compared with the soft magnetic material, eddy current loss is reduced and a magnetic core having excellent magnetic characteristics can be obtained, and the magnetic flux of the coil can be strengthened.

  In addition, it is preferable that the first inductor and the second inductor are formed of a powder magnetic material because a complicated three-dimensional inductor can be easily formed.

Preferably, the first inductor and the second inductor have the same cross-sectional area, and the cross-sectional area is constant from one end to the other end.
That is, by making the cross-sectional areas of the respective inductors the same, the attractive force / repulsive force generated with the armature coil becomes constant, and the rotational balance of the rotor can be stabilized. In addition, by making the cross-sectional area of the inductor uniform from one end to the other, the magnetic flux generated in the field body and introduced into each inductor is less likely to be saturated in the inductor, and the armature coil side is efficiently Magnetic flux can be guided.

Third, the present invention is a vehicle equipped with the inductor type motor,
The vehicle is characterized in that the first drive shaft is connected to a first wheel and the second drive shaft is connected to a second wheel.

  According to the inductor type motor having the above-described configuration, the rotational speeds of the two drive shafts can be independently controlled by a single motor, so that different rotational speeds are given to the first wheel and the second wheel. Can do. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size of the motor as a whole rather than driving two wheels with two motors, and it is not necessary to use a differential gear or the like as in the prior art, and it is possible to reduce power transmission loss. Become. In addition, the ability to eliminate the differential gear and the like contributes to a reduction in the size and weight of the vehicle. The first wheel is preferably a right wheel and the second wheel is a left wheel.

Preferably, the first drive shaft is directly connected to the first wheel, and the second drive shaft is directly connected to the second wheel.
In other words, in the case of the conventional in-wheel motor, the torque is improved through the reduction gear, but the torque is increased by superconducting the motor, so the vehicle is driven by the direct drive without the reduction gear. It is possible to improve the power transmission rate as well as reducing the weight and increasing the space.

As is clear from the above description, according to the first and second inventions, both the field body and the armature coil are respectively attached to the stator, so that a sliding contact member such as a slip ring is used to supply power to the coil. Can be eliminated, and the structure can be simplified, the service life can be extended, and the power feeding can be stabilized. In addition, since the armature side stator is disposed on both sides of the field side stator (via the rotor), both poles of the field generated in the field body can be effectively used for torque generation. Furthermore, by providing the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft independently, it is possible to make the respective output rotation speeds different. Further, by forming one or both of the field body (field coil) and the armature coil with a superconducting material, a large current can be supplied without worrying about heat generation, and the magnetic flux can be greatly enhanced. Therefore, even if leakage magnetic flux is generated, the magnetic flux contributing to the output can be increased, and high output can be realized.
In addition, according to the third invention, it is possible to give different rotational speeds to two wheels with one motor while eliminating power transmission loss due to a differential gear or the like, and to reduce the number of on-vehicle motors and reduce the size and weight of the vehicle. Contribute to the realization.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an inductor type motor 10 according to the first embodiment.
Inductor type motor 10 has an axial gap structure, and armature side stator 11, rotor 12, field side stator 13, rotor 14, and armature side stator 15 are arranged side by side in this order, and one rotation is performed. A first drive shaft 16 is fixed to the child 12, and a second drive shaft 17 is fixed to the other rotor 14. The armature side stators 11 and 15 and the field side stator 13 are fixed to the installation surface G and are spaced from the first drive shaft 16 and the second drive shaft 17.

The field side stator 13 includes a yoke 24 made of a magnetic material fixed to the installation surface G, a heat insulating refrigerant container 25 having a vacuum heat insulating structure embedded in the yoke 24, and a superconducting material accommodated in the heat insulating refrigerant container 25. And a field coil 26 that is a winding.
The yoke 24 has a first bearing portion 27 that supports the tip end of the first drive shaft 16 and a second bearing portion 28 that supports the tip end of the second drive shaft 17 in the center hole 24b. A mounting hole 24a that is recessed in an annular shape around the portions 27 and 28 is formed. The heat insulation refrigerant container 25 accommodates the field coil 26 in a state where liquid nitrogen is circulated, and the heat insulation refrigerant container 25 is embedded in the mounting hole 24a. That is, a magnetic core integral with the yoke 24 is disposed in the hollow portion of the field coil 26.

  The yoke 24 is a magnetic powder powder (iron powder or the like) covered with a magnetic powder powder (iron powder or the like) that has been heat-treated by press-bonding magnetic powder (iron powder or the like) or a coating (phosphoric acid compound film or the like). These are magnetic powder bodies that are bonded with an insulating resin and heat-treated. A resin such as polyphenylene sulfide or soluble polyimide is preferably used as the resin for binding the dust magnetic material. However, the yoke 24 may be formed of a nonmagnetic material such as FRP or stainless steel. Further, as the superconducting material forming the field coil 26, a bismuth-based or yttrium-based superconducting material is used.

The rotors 12 and 14 are bilaterally symmetric, and one of the rotors 12 is representatively described in FIGS.
The rotor 12 is made of a non-magnetic material in a disc shape and has a support portion 21 having a central shaft hole 21a for fixing the first drive shaft 16, and a pair of N embedded in a point-symmetrical position around the central shaft hole 21a. A pole inductor 22 (first inductor) and a pair of S pole inductors 23 (second inductor) embedded at a position rotated 90 ° from the N pole inductor 22 are provided. The N-pole inductor 22 and the S-pole inductor 23 have fan-shaped other end faces 22a and 23a facing the armature-side stator 11 arranged at equal intervals on the same circle and have the same area.

One end face 22b of the N pole inductor 22 is disposed so as to face the N pole generation position of the field coil 26. For example, the one end face 22b of the N pole inductor 22 is as shown in FIG. The arcuate shape is opposed to the outer peripheral side of the field coil 26.
One end face 23b of the S pole inductor 23 is disposed so as to face the S pole generation position of the field coil 26. For example, the one end face 23b of the S pole inductor 23 is as shown in FIG. The arcuate shape is opposed to the inner peripheral side of the field coil 26.

  That is, the N-pole inductor 22 and the S-pole inductor 23 have a three-dimensional shape in which the other end faces 22a and 23a are fan-shaped by changing the cross-sectional shape from the arc-shaped one end faces 22b and 23b in the axial direction. . The cross-sectional areas of the N-pole inductor 22 and the S-pole inductor 23 are constant from the one end faces 22b and 23b to the other end faces 22a and 23a. Further, the one end surface 22 b of the N pole inductor 22 has the same area as the one end surface 23 b of the S pole inductor 23. The support portion 21 is made of a nonmagnetic material such as FRP or stainless steel. Inductors 22 and 23 are magnetic powders (magnetic powder (iron powder, etc.) covered with a powdered magnetic material obtained by press-bonding magnetic powder (iron powder, etc.) with an insulating resin, or heat treated. The powdered magnetic material is obtained by bonding iron powder or the like) with an insulating resin and performing heat treatment.

The armature side stator 11 and the armature side stator 15 are bilaterally symmetric, and FIG. 4 shows one armature side stator 11 as a representative.
As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B and FIG. 4, the armature side stator 11 includes a yoke 18 made of a magnetic material fixed to the installation surface G, and a heat insulation of a vacuum heat insulating structure embedded in the yoke 18. A refrigerant container 19 and an armature coil 20 that is a winding made of a superconducting material accommodated in the heat insulating refrigerant container 19 are provided. The yoke 18 has a loose fitting hole 18b bored at the center larger than the outer diameter of the first drive shaft 16, and four mounting grooves 18a bored at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the loose fitting hole 18b. I have. That is, the mounting groove 18a is recessed from the inner facing surface and does not penetrate the outer surface. The adiabatic refrigerant container 19 accommodates the armature coil 20 in a state where liquid nitrogen is circulated, and a flux collector portion 18 c (magnetic core portion) made of a magnetic material is disposed in the hollow portion of the armature coil 20. . Four heat-insulating refrigerant containers 19 containing the armature coils 20 are embedded in the coil mounting grooves 18a.
The yoke 18 is a magnetic powder (iron powder or the like) covered with a magnetic powder powder (iron powder or the like) that has been heat-treated by press-bonding magnetic powder (iron powder or the like) or a coating (phosphoric acid compound film or the like). These are magnetic powder bodies that are bonded with an insulating resin and heat-treated. Further, as the superconducting material forming the armature coil 20, a bismuth-based or yttrium-based superconducting material is used.

  A power feeding device 37 is connected to the field coil 26 and the armature coils 20 and 34 via wiring, and a direct current is supplied to the field coil 26 and a three-phase alternating current is supplied to the armature coils 20 and 34. ing. At this time, as shown in FIG. 6, the current frequency supplied to the left armature coil 20 is different from the current frequency supplied to the right armature coil 34. Note that if the current waveform is changed from a sine wave to a waveform including a harmonic that hardly causes torque unevenness, the generated torque can be smoothed. Further, a liquid nitrogen tank 36 is connected to the heat insulating refrigerant containers 19, 25, 33 via heat insulating pipes, and circulates liquid nitrogen as a refrigerant.

Next, the operating principle of the inductor type motor 10 will be described.
When direct current is supplied to the field coil 26, an N pole is generated on the outer peripheral side and an S pole is generated on the inner peripheral side on the left side in the axial direction of the field coil 26. Then, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the magnetic flux on the N pole side is introduced into the N pole inductor 27 from the one end face 22b, and the N pole magnetic flux appears on the other end face 22a. 5A and 5C, the magnetic flux on the S pole side is introduced into the S pole inductor 23 from the one end face 23b, and the S pole magnetic flux appears on the other end face 23a. Here, since the end faces 22b and 23b of the inductors 22 and 23 are arranged on concentric circles along the inner and outer circumferences of the field coil 26, the N-pole inductor 22 is rotated even if the rotors 12 and 14 are rotated. The N pole always appears on the other end face 22a of the S pole, and the S pole always appears on the other end face 23a of the S pole inductor 23.

  When three-phase alternating current is supplied to the armature coils 20 and 38 and the armature coils 34 and 39 from this state, a rotating magnetic field is generated around the axis of the armature-side stators 11 and 15 due to a power supply phase shift between the three phases. Under the influence of this rotating magnetic field, the N-pole inductors 22 and 30 and the S-pole inductors 23 and 31 of the rotors 12 and 14 generate a rotational force around the axis, and the rotors 12 and 14 rotate to perform the first drive. The shaft 16 and the second drive shaft 17 are rotationally driven independently. At this time, as shown in FIG. 6, the current frequency is made different between the armature coils 20 and 38 and the armature coils 34 and 39, so that the first drive shaft 16 and the second drive shaft 17 have different rotational speeds. It becomes possible to make it.

  With the above configuration, the field-side stator 13 to which the field coil 26 is attached and the armature-side stators 11 and 15 to which the armature coils 20, 34, 38, 39 are attached do not rotate. Since only the rotors 12 and 14 to which the inductors 22, 23, 30 and 31 are fixed rotate together with the drive shafts 16 and 17, a slip ring or the like is used to supply power to the coils 22, 26, 34, 38 and 39. The sliding contact member is not required, the power feeding structure can be simplified and the power feeding can be stabilized, and the motor life can be extended. In addition, since all of the heat insulating refrigerant containers 19, 25, and 33, which are liquid nitrogen supply targets from the liquid nitrogen tank 36, are fixed and do not move even during motor operation, the design of the refrigerant supply path, the seal structure, and the like becomes easy. In addition, the cooling structure can be simplified.

Further, since the field coil 26 and the armature coils 20, 34, 38, 39 are formed of a superconducting material, a large current can be supplied and the magnetic flux can be greatly enhanced. Therefore, even if leakage magnetic flux flows in an unexpected direction, the magnetic flux contributing to the output torque can be increased, and high output of the motor can be realized.
Further, since the cross-sectional areas of the N-pole inductor 22 and the S-pole inductor 23 are constant from the one end face 22b, 23b to the one end face 22a, 23a, the magnetic flux is not easily saturated in the inductor 22, 23, and the armature coil The magnetic flux can be efficiently guided to the 20, 38 side.
Further, since the cross-sectional area of the N-pole inductor 22 and the cross-sectional area of the S-pole inductor 21 are the same, the attractive force / repulsive force generated between the armature coils 20 and 38 becomes constant, and the rotor 12 , 14 is stabilized.

  Further, by arranging the rotors 12 and 14 and the armature side stators 11 and 15 on both sides of the field side stator 13, both the strong left and right magnetic poles generated by the field coil 26 made of superconducting material can be obtained. It can be used effectively for torque generation. That is, by effectively using the superconducting field coil 26, the amount of expensive superconducting material used can be suppressed, and cost performance is improved. In addition, any one of the field coil 26 or the armature coils 20, 34, 38, 39 may be formed of a normal conductive material such as a copper wire, and in that case, a cooling structure is not required for the normal conductive wire. can do. Instead of the superconducting field coil 26, a known superconducting field bulk or permanent magnet may be used.

Next, the vehicle C equipped with the inductor type motor 10 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 7, the vehicle C (electric vehicle) is supplied from the battery 41, two inverters 42 and 43 that convert the direct current from the battery 41 into alternating current of a predetermined voltage, and the battery 41 and the inverters 42 and 43. And an inductor type motor 10 driven by the generated electric power. The left wheel 44 is directly connected to the first drive shaft 16 of the inductor type motor 10, while the right wheel 45 is directly connected to the second drive shaft 17. A DC current is supplied to the field coil 26 of the field side stator 13, and an AC current is supplied to the armature side stators 11 and 15.

  With the above configuration, there is no need to provide a conventional differential gear or the like between the motor 10 and the wheels 44 and 45, and power transmission loss can be reduced. Further, since the differential gear and the like can be eliminated, the vehicle C can be reduced in size and weight, and an in-vehicle space can be provided. Furthermore, since the gear system can be reduced, noise due to gear friction can be eliminated, which contributes to improvement in the quietness of the vehicle C. In addition, the number of motors mounted on the vehicle can be halved compared to conventional in-wheel motors.

FIG. 8 shows a second embodiment.
The difference from the first embodiment is that the rotors 53 and 54 and the field side stators 55 and 56 are added on both sides to form a multi-stage.

Since the field side stator 13 and the rotors 12 and 14 have the same structure as that of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
The pair of armature side stators 51 and 52 are symmetrical to each other, and support portions 57 and 61 made of a non-magnetic material fixed to the installation surface G, and an annular vacuum heat insulation embedded in the support portions 57 and 61. Heat insulation refrigerant containers 59 and 63 having a structure, and armature coils 58 and 62 which are windings made of a superconducting material accommodated in the heat insulation refrigerant containers 59 and 63 are provided. The support portions 57 and 61 have loose fitting holes 57a and 61a drilled in the center larger than the outer diameters of the first drive shaft 16 and the second drive shaft 17, and circumferentially around the loose fitting holes 57a and 61a. It has four mounting holes 57b and 61b drilled at intervals. The adiabatic refrigerant containers 59 and 63 embedded in the mounting holes 57b and 61b accommodate the armature coils 58 and 62 in a state where liquid nitrogen is circulated, and the armature coils 58 and 62 and the adiabatic refrigerant container 59. , 63 are provided with flux collectors 60, 64 made of a magnetic material.

  The rotors 53 and 54 have the same structure as the rotors 12 and 14 of the first embodiment, and the left rotor 53 is fitted and fixed to the first drive shaft 16 in the same direction as the rotor 14. The right rotor 54 is externally fixed to the second drive shaft 17 in the same direction as the rotor 12.

  The field-side stators 55 and 56 at both ends are made of yokes 68 and 71 made of a magnetic material fixed to the installation surface G, heat insulating refrigerant containers 70 and 73 having a vacuum heat insulating structure embedded in the yokes 68 and 71, and heat insulation. Field coils 69 and 72 which are windings made of a superconducting material accommodated in the refrigerant containers 70 and 73 are provided. The yokes 68 and 71 are formed in an annular shape around the loose fitting holes 68a and 71a, and loose fitting holes 68a and 71a that are bored larger in the center than the outer diameters of the first drive shaft 16 and the second drive shaft 17. Mounting grooves 68b and 71b. That is, the mounting grooves 68b and 71b are recessed from the inner facing surface and do not penetrate the outer surface. In the annular heat insulating refrigerant containers 70 and 73, field coils 69 and 72 are accommodated in a state where liquid nitrogen is circulated, and the heat insulating refrigerant containers 70 and 73 are embedded in the mounting grooves 68b and 71b.

A power feeding device 37 is connected to the field coils 26, 70, 72 and the armature coils 58, 62 via wiring, and direct current is supplied to the field coils 26, 70, 72 and the armature coils 58, 62. Supplies three-phase alternating current. At this time, the current frequency supplied to the left armature coil 58 and the current frequency supplied to the right armature coil 62 are made different from each other, so that the rotational speeds of the first drive shaft 16 and the second drive shaft 17 are changed. It is different.
A liquid nitrogen tank 36 is connected to the heat-insulating refrigerant containers 25, 59, 62, 70, 73 via heat-insulating piping, and circulates liquid nitrogen as a refrigerant.
The support portions 57 and 61 are made of a nonmagnetic material such as FRP or stainless steel. Further, the yokes 24, 68, 71, the inductors 22, 30, 65, 67 and the flux collectors 60, 64 are made of a magnetic material such as a permender, silicon steel plate, iron, permalloy or the like.

  If the number of stages is increased as described above, the field is strengthened compared to the first embodiment, and the output torque can be increased. In a multi-stage motor, it is sufficient that the yokes 68 and 71 have at least the stators 55 and 56 at both ends, and the number of yokes can be reduced rather than simply connecting a plurality of motors. Loss reduction and leakage magnetic flux reduction can be achieved.

FIG. 9 shows a third embodiment.
The difference from the first embodiment is that four field coils 85 of the field side stator 80 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the armature coils 91 of the armature side stators 81 and 82 are arranged. 94 is a point wound around an axis.

  The field-side stator 80 was accommodated in a support portion 83 made of a non-magnetic material fixed to the installation surface G, a heat insulating refrigerant container 84 having a vacuum heat insulating structure embedded in the support portion 83, and a heat insulating refrigerant container 84. And a field coil 85 which is a winding made of a superconducting material. The support portion 83 includes a first bearing portion 87 that rotatably supports the first drive shaft 16 and a second bearing portion 88 that rotatably supports the second drive shaft 17 in the center hole. In the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral side, four mounting holes 83a drilled at equal intervals are provided. The adiabatic refrigerant container 84 accommodates a field coil 85 in a state where liquid nitrogen is circulated, and a flux collector 86 made of a magnetic material is disposed in a hollow portion of the field coil 85. Four heat-insulating refrigerant containers 84 containing field coils 85 are embedded in the respective coil mounting holes 83a.

  The armature-side stators 81 and 82 include yokes 89 and 92 made of a magnetic material fixed to the installation surface G, heat insulating refrigerant containers 90 and 93 having a vacuum heat insulating structure embedded in the yokes 89 and 92, and a heat insulating refrigerant container. Armature coils 91 and 94 which are windings made of a superconducting material housed in 90 and 93 are provided. The yokes 89 and 92 have circular fitting holes 89a and 92a that are formed in the center so as to be larger than the outer diameters of the first drive shaft 16 and the second drive shaft 17, and circularly from the inner facing surface around the loose fitting holes 89a and 92a. And groove portions 89b and 92b that are annularly recessed. The armature coils 91 and 94 are accommodated in the heat insulating refrigerant containers 90 and 93 in a state where liquid nitrogen is circulated, and the heat insulating refrigerant containers 91 and 94 are embedded in the grooves 89b and 92b.

The four field coils 85 and the pair of armature coils 91 and 94 are individually connected to a power feeding device 37 via wires, and a direct current is supplied to the four field coils 85 and alternately in the circumferential direction. The configuration is such that the N pole and the S pole are generated constantly. The armature coils 91 and 94 are supplied with a single-phase alternating current to periodically switch the excitation direction. At this time, the current frequency supplied to the left armature coil 91 and the current frequency supplied to the right armature coil 94 are made different so that the rotational speeds of the first drive shaft 16 and the second drive shaft 17 are changed. It is different.
A liquid nitrogen tank 36 is connected to the heat insulating refrigerant containers 84, 90, and 93 through heat insulating pipes, and circulates liquid nitrogen as a refrigerant.
In addition, since the structure of the rotors 12 and 14 is the same as that of 1st Embodiment, it attaches | subjects the same code | symbol and abbreviate | omits description.

  With the above configuration, if single-phase alternating current is supplied to the armature coils 91 and 94, an S pole is generated on the outer periphery of the coil and an N pole is generated on the inner periphery of the coil at a certain timing. Then, the magnetic flux on the N pole side is introduced into the inductor 22, and the magnetic flux on the S pole side is introduced into another inductor 30. Therefore, by periodically changing the polarities of the armature coils 91 and 94, an attractive / repulsive force is generated between each field coil 85 and each inductor 22 and 30, and the rotors 12 and 14 rotate. The first drive shaft 16 and the second drive shaft 17 rotate independently. At this time, by making the current frequency different between the armature coil 91 and the armature coil 94, it is possible to make the rotation speeds different between the first drive shaft 16 and the second drive shaft 17.

(A) is sectional drawing of the inductor type motor of 1st Embodiment of this invention, (B) is sectional drawing in the position rotated 90 degrees. (A) is a front view of the rotor, (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line II of (A), (C) is a rear view, and (D) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of (A). (A) is a front view of a field side stator, (B) is the II sectional view taken on the line of (A). It is a front view of an armature side stator. (A) is a front view of a state where the rotor and the field side stator are penetrated by a rotation shaft, (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line II of (A), and (C) is a line II-II of (A). It is sectional drawing. It is drawing which shows the electric current component electrically fed to an armature coil. It is the schematic of the vehicle carrying an inductor type motor. It is sectional drawing of the inductor type motor of 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the inductor type motor of 3rd Embodiment. It is drawing which shows a prior art example. It is the schematic of the vehicle of a prior art example. It is the schematic of the vehicle of another prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Inductor type motor 11, 15 Field side stator 12, 14 Rotor 15 Armature side stator 16 1st drive shaft 17 2nd drive shaft 19, 25, 33 Vacuum heat insulation container 20, 34, 38, 39 Electric machine Coil 22, 31 N pole inductor (first inductor)
23, 30 S pole inductor (second inductor)
26 Field coil

Claims (14)

A motor having an axial gap structure in which a field body and an armature coil are arranged to face each other with a gap in the axial direction of the drive shaft,
A field side stator having a field body in which concentric magnetic poles having opposite polarities on the inner circumference side and the outer circumference side around the axis of the drive shaft are excited on both sides in the axial direction;
A pair of rotors each having one side end face opposed to both sides in the axial direction of the field side stator, and a center shaft hole fixed to the drive shaft;
A pair of armature-side stators disposed opposite to the other end surfaces of the rotors,
The pair of armature side stators has a plurality of armature coils whose opposite polarities are alternately excited in the circumferential direction around the axis of the drive shaft,
Each of the pair of rotors arranged between the armature side stators on both sides and the central field side stator has one end surface facing the outer peripheral side of the field body, and the other end surface of the pair of rotors. A first inductor made of a magnetic material facing the child coil, and a second inductor made of a magnetic material having one end surface facing the inner peripheral side of the field body and the other end surface facing the armature coil, An inductor type motor characterized by being alternately arranged in a circumferential direction. The field body is a field coil in which a conductor wire is wound in an annular shape around an axis,
One end face of the first inductor faces the outer peripheral side of the field coil, one end face of the second inductor faces the inner peripheral side of the field coil, and the first inductor and The inductor type motor according to claim 1, wherein the other end surface of the second inductor is arranged on the same circumference.   3. The inductor type motor according to claim 2, wherein one end surfaces of the first inductor and the second inductor have an arc shape along the field coil. A motor having an axial gap structure in which a field body and an armature coil are arranged to face each other with a gap in the axial direction of the drive shaft,
A field-side stator having a plurality of field bodies whose magnetic poles having opposite polarities alternately in the circumferential direction around the axis of the drive shaft are excited on both sides in the axial direction;
A pair of rotors each having one side end face opposed to both sides in the axial direction of the field side stator, and a center shaft hole fixed to the drive shaft;
A pair of armature side stators having armature coils disposed in opposition to the other end surfaces of the respective rotors and having conductor wires wound in an annular shape around the axis of the drive shaft;
The pair of rotors arranged between the armature side stators on the both sides and the central field side stator have one end surface facing the field body and the other end surface of the armature coil. A first inductor made of a magnetic material facing the outer peripheral side, and a second inductor made of a magnetic material having one end face facing the field body and the other end face facing the inner peripheral side of the armature coil, An inductor type motor characterized by being alternately arranged in a circumferential direction.   The inductor type motor according to claim 4, wherein the other end surfaces of the first inductor and the second inductor have an arc shape along the armature coil.   The inductor type motor according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the field body is a field coil around which a conductor wire is wound. A first drive shaft fixed to the one rotor;
The inductor type motor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising: a second drive shaft fixed to the other rotor and rotating independently of the first drive shaft. .   The inductor type motor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the rotor and the field side stator are further arranged outside in an axial direction of the armature side stator.   The inductor type motor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein at least one of the field body and the armature coil is formed of a superconducting material.   The magnetic core disposed in the hollow portion of the field coil or / and the armature coil is formed of a dust magnetic material, according to any one of claims 2, 3, and 6 to 9. The described inductor type motor.   The inductor type motor according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the first inductor and the second inductor are formed of a dust magnetic material.   The inductor type according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the first inductor and the second inductor have the same cross-sectional area, and the cross-sectional area is constant from one end to the other end. motor. A vehicle equipped with the inductor type motor according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
A vehicle having the first drive shaft connected to a first wheel and the second drive shaft connected to a second wheel.   The vehicle according to claim 13, wherein the first drive shaft is directly connected to the first wheel, and the second drive shaft is directly connected to the second wheel.

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