JP4719712B2 - Horticultural house heating device with wood burning combustion furnace - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a horticultural house heating apparatus equipped with a wood burning combustion furnace using wood chips as fuel.

  Usually, horticultural farmers grow sugar beet, fruit trees, garden trees, flower buds, etc. in a horticultural house that is kept warm even in winter. A heating device is installed in the garden house to keep the interior warm.

  Conventionally, petroleum fuel such as heavy oil has been used in this warming device as a liquid fuel that is easy to handle. Since the petroleum fuel can be sprayed and burned in the lateral direction by the burner while being atomized, the height of the entire apparatus can be kept low.

  Therefore, it is possible to configure a heating apparatus with a low height suitable for installation in a garden house with a low eave or ceiling. For this reason, a heating device using petroleum fuel has been favorably used for a long time.

However, since the price of petroleum fuel has been rising year by year, the cost of horticultural house crops has been reduced, and in recent years it has become difficult to use warmers.
Various alternatives to petroleum fuel are conceivable. For example, it has been proposed to use a solid fuel obtained by solidifying combustible waste in a certain shape and size for a boiler. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1.)
In general, pellets and lumps of solid fuel generate unburned matter and ash, which become glassy lumps called clinker and adhere to the rooster, resulting in a reduction in combustion efficiency of the combustion furnace. Cheap.

In order to solve this problem, there has been proposed a combustion apparatus that supplies solid fuel by pushing up solid fuel from below the rooster to the upper portion of the rooster. (For example, see Patent Document 2.)
In addition, solid fuel requires a certain amount of technology to supply a stable amount in accordance with the amount of combustion from the fuel supply unit to the combustion chamber, but this stable supply of solid fuel also includes when the combustion is restricted. There has been proposed a combustion apparatus that constantly and stably supplies a wood pellet fuel quantitatively. (For example, refer to Patent Document 3.)
Also, a stable combustion layer is formed by providing a primary air blowing blower that blows air upward from the bottom of the combustion chamber and a secondary air blowing blower that blows air in the tangential direction of the combustion chamber side wall. Solid fuel combustion devices have been proposed. (For example, see Patent Document 4)
JP-A-11-257603 JP 2004-293828 A JP-A-2005-090802 JP-A-2005-300022

However, the solid fuel used in the techniques of Patent Documents 1 to 4 not only has a low combustion speed compared to liquid fuel, but also has a high combustion flame. The combustion flame rises higher as the amount of fuel combustion increases in order to cover the necessary thermal power. Therefore, the solid fuel combustion apparatus has a high apparatus main body.

  All of them are based on the coal combustion technology and the charcoal combustion technology that have been used since ancient times, and scrape unburned matter and ash from the bottom of the combustion device. In this way, the height of the combustion apparatus main body is further increased by the amount of the unburned component and the ash discharge mechanism provided below the combustion apparatus.

  Solid fuel is generally made from household waste and industrial waste. These solid fuels were devised in anticipation of absolute demand as alternative fuels for oil at the time of rising oil prices and should have helped reduce costs against petrochemical fuels, but the machines that produce solid fuels are extremely expensive . Therefore, the finished solid fuel is also expensive.

  As mentioned above, if the height of the main body of the device is high, it cannot be installed in a garden house with a low eave or ceiling, and even if it can be installed, if the fuel is high, the maintenance cost is high and it will be excluded from the profit of the garden house . In any case, the solid fuel combustion device cannot be used as a heating device for a horticultural house.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a gardening house heating apparatus including a wood burning combustion furnace that can be installed in a gardening house while using solid fuel instead of petroleum fuel and has low maintenance costs in view of the above-described conventional situation. is there.

The horticultural house warming device provided with the wood burning furnace of the present invention is formed in a cylindrical shape, is erected, is arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, and the opening portion of the cylindrical diameter as it is at the upper end portion of the cylindrical shape A plurality of cylindrical combustion furnaces formed in a horizontal direction, a can body that is disposed with the longitudinal direction set in a horizontal direction, and the openings at the upper ends of the plurality of cylindrical combustion furnaces are inserted in the lower part, and the cans A plurality of exhaust gas pipes having one end connected to one circular end surface of the body and having the other end extending outside the can body in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the can body, and the other end of the plurality of exhaust gas pipes A combined smoke chamber connected to the side , a chimney connected to the combined smoke chamber, and an exhaust gas connected to the combined smoke chamber on the exhaust gas recovery side and connected to each of the plurality of cylindrical combustion furnaces A fuel supply having a supply port connected to a recovery press-in air passage and a press-in side of the exhaust gas recovery press-in air A plurality of blower pipes embedded in the cylindrical wall and the circular bottom of the cylindrical combustion furnace, a blower that blows high pressure outside air to the plurality of blow pipes, at least the plurality of cylindrical combustion furnaces, A heat-resistant shielding plate member surrounding the can, the plurality of exhaust gas pipes, and the merging smoke chamber; a plurality of heat exchange fans disposed on an upper surface of the heat-resistant shielding plate member; and the heat-resistant shielding. And an exhaust duct disposed at a lowermost portion surrounded by the plate member.

  In the horticultural house heating apparatus provided with this wood burning combustion furnace, for example, the fuel supply unit supplies wood waste to the cylindrical combustion furnace, and the plurality of blower tubes are press-fitted from the bottom of the cylindrical combustion furnace. A rising combustion fluidized bed is formed inside the cylindrical combustion furnace by the outside air, and a swirling combustion fluidized bed is formed inside the cylindrical combustion furnace by the outside air injected from the side wall of the cylindrical combustion furnace. Composed.

  In addition, the plurality of exhaust gas pipes are, for example, an unburned portion after combustion that diffuses and fills the can while being rolled up by a rising combustion fluidized bed and a swirling combustion fluidized bed formed in the cylindrical combustion furnace. The gas body containing ash is led out to the merging smoke chamber.

  In addition, as the wood waste, for example, wood waste obtained by crushing and pulverizing a forest land residual material or wood waste discharged from a sawmill can be used.

According to the present invention, since the thermal power for one large combustion path is obtained from a plurality of small combustion furnaces, the height of the flame of each combustion furnace can be lowered, and thereby the height of the entire heating device can be lowered. Therefore, it can be used in a garden house having a low eave or ceiling.

  In addition, since fluidized bed combustion is used, normal combustion can produce strong thermal power in a short time even for wood chips with long combustion time and weak thermal power.Therefore, most wood waste such as forest land, lumber, dry bark, etc. Can be used as fuel.

  In addition, the combustion fluidized bed and the swirling bed cause the exhaust gas after combustion to be rolled up together with unburned matter and ash contained in the exhaust gas and led to the combined smoke chamber, so that unburned matter and ash remain in the combustion furnace. Therefore, the occurrence of clinker can be prevented.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIGS. 1 (a), (b), and (c) are diagrams showing the configuration of a gardening house warming device equipped with a wood burning combustion furnace according to an embodiment. FIG. 1 (a) is a side view, FIG. FIG. 2B is a top view with one part removed, and FIG. 2C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ in FIG.

  As shown in (a), (b), and (c) of the figure, the horticultural house warming device 1 equipped with a wood burning combustion furnace has a plurality of (four in this example) cylinders arranged side by side. The cylindrical combustion furnace 2 (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) is provided.

  And the can 4 in which the upper opening part 3 of these several cylindrical combustion furnaces 2 was arrange | positioned along with the longitudinal direction lower part is provided. In the cylindrical combustion furnace 2, a part of the upper part having the upper opening 3 is inserted into the can body 4, and the lower most part is disposed outside the can body 4.

  One end of the can body 4 is connected to one circular end face (the left end face in FIGS. 1A and 1B), and the other end side is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the can body 4 outside the can body 4. A plurality of extending exhaust gas pipes 5 are arranged. The ends of the plurality of exhaust gas pipes 5 are connected to the merging smoke chamber 6.

  The merging smoke chamber 6 includes a flue 7, and the flue 7 includes a filter that separates the incombustible component and ash from the exhaust gas body (not shown), and includes the incombustible component and ash. It is divided into a chamber and a chamber containing an exhaust gas body separated from non-combustible components and ash.

  A chimney 8 is connected to the chamber containing the unburned matter and ash separated from the exhaust gas body in the merging smoke chamber 6. Further, the exhaust gas recovery side flue 11 of the exhaust gas recovery press-in air passage 9 is connected to the chamber containing the unburned portion of the merging smoke chamber 6 and the exhaust gas body separated from the ash.

  Further, the exhaust gas recovery press-in air passage 9 includes an exhaust gas press-in side flue 12, and an exhaust gas circulation blower is provided at the boundary between the exhaust gas recovery side flue 11 and the exhaust gas press-in side flue 12. 13 is disposed. A motor 14 is connected to the exhaust gas circulation blower 13.

  The exhaust gas injection side flue 12 of the exhaust gas recovery injection air passage 9 is connected to the fuel pressure inlet 15 of each of the four cylindrical combustion furnaces 2 via four branch passages 16. A fuel supply port 19 of a fuel supply device 18 connected to the fuel supply unit 17 is connected to the four branch paths 16.

In addition, a plurality of blower tubes, which will be described in detail later, are embedded in the cylindrical wall and the circular bottom of the cylindrical combustion furnace 2 described above. A blower 20 for high-pressure blowing of outside air is connected to the plurality of blow pipes via a combustion air blow pipe 22, a connecting pipe 23, and a joint portion 24. A motor 21 is attached to the blower 20.

  And the horticultural house warming device 1 equipped with this wood burning combustion furnace has heat resistance surrounding at least the four cylindrical combustion furnaces 2, the can 4, the plurality of exhaust gas pipes 5, and the combined smoke chamber 6. A shielding plate member 25 is provided.

  The heat-resistant shielding plate member 25 is provided so that the temperature at which the cylindrical combustion furnace 2 burns the solid fuel can be maintained. Note that the combustion temperature of the cylindrical combustion furnace 2 is maintained by circulating exhaust gas in the furnace, as will be described later, in addition to the heat-resistant shielding plate member 25.

  On the upper surface of the heat-resistant shielding plate member 25, a plurality (two in this example) of heat exchange fans 26 are disposed. FIG. 1B shows a top view of the heat-resistant shielding plate member 25 and a state in which the two heat exchange fans 26 are removed.

One of the two heat exchange fans 26 is disposed above the can 4, and the other heat exchange fan 26 is disposed above the plurality of exhaust gas pipes 5.
An exhaust duct 28 is disposed at the lowermost part of the heat exchanging portion 27 surrounded by the heat-resistant shielding plate member 25.

FIG. 2A is a top view showing only the four cylindrical combustion furnaces 2 taken out together with the four branch passages 16 and the fuel supply device 18, and FIG. FIG.
2 (a) and 2 (b) have the same components as those shown in FIGS. 1 (a), (b) and (c). ) And the same number are given.

  As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, each of the four branch passages 16 is provided with a screw transporter 29 for transporting the solid fuel in the pipe body. In the tube body, a screw carrier 31 for carrying the solid fuel is disposed.

  The fuel transfer device is not limited to a screw transfer machine, and may be a method such as a belt conveyor, a bucket elevator, or an air transfer. In short, it is sufficient that the fuel can be supplied to the inside of the cylindrical combustion furnace 2.

  FIG. 3 is a view showing a plurality of blower pipes embedded in the cylindrical wall and the circular bottom of the cylindrical combustion furnace 2. (A) is a side view of the cylindrical combustion furnace 2, (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC ′ of (a), and (c) is a top view of (a). It is.

3 (a), (b) and (c) show the same components as those shown in FIGS. 1 (a), (b) and (c) and FIGS. 2 (a) and (b). In FIG. 1, the same numbers as those in FIGS. 1 (a), (b), (c) and FIGS. 2 (a), (b) are given.
As shown in FIGS. 3 (a), (b), and (c), a plurality of (four in this example) vertical blow pipes 32 (32a, 32b, 32c, 32d) is buried. These vertical blast pipes 32 are connected to the connection pipe 23 of the combustion air blast pipe 22 by the joint portion 24.

  Pneumatic inlets are opened at several locations on the vertical blower pipe 32 (not shown), and the cylindrical wall surface of the cylindrical combustion furnace 2 corresponding to these pneumatic inlets is indicated by arrows in FIG. 3 (c). In addition, a hole for guiding air in the clockwise direction along the cylindrical wall surface is provided (not shown).

In addition, a cross-shaped blast pipe 33 is embedded in the circular bottom of the cylindrical combustion furnace 2. The four end portions of the cross-shaped air duct 33 are connected to the four vertical air ducts 32, respectively. In addition, a pneumatic inlet 34 is opened at the center of the cross-shaped air duct 33, and the circular bottom of the cylindrical combustion furnace 2 corresponding to the pneumatic inlet 34 is indicated by an arrow in FIG. 3 (b). A hole for leading out air vertically upward is provided.

In the above configuration, the combustion operation in the horticultural house heating apparatus 1 equipped with this wood burning combustion furnace will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 described above again.
First, the wood chip solid fuel is sent out to the fuel supply device 18 from the fuel supply unit 17 shown in FIG.

  Of course, pelletized solid fuel can also be used as the wood waste solid fuel, but as mentioned above, the pelletized solid fuel is extremely expensive, so it is suitable for use as a fuel for a heating device in a gardening house. Absent.

Therefore, in this example, the raw material for the wood solid fuel is obtained by drying the remaining forest land after producing the forest product and crushing it to an appropriate size with a chopper.
Forest residue is wood chips such as roots, stumps, thin trunks, branches and leaves, bark after cutting, and it is not valuable as forest products and can be obtained inexpensively. Of course, it is not limited to the remaining forest land, and may be wood waste discharged from a sawmill as long as it is waste material.

The fuel supply unit 17 sends an appropriate amount of solid wood fuel per second to the fuel supply device 18 in accordance with the combustion amount of the cylindrical combustion furnace 2.
The solid wood fuel sent to the fuel supply device 18 is carried to each branch passage 16 of the exhaust gas injection side flue 12 by the screw carrier 31 shown in FIG. 2 and supplied to the branch passage 16 from the fuel supply port 19. . The solid wood fuel supplied to the branch path 16 is supplied from the fuel inlet 15 of the cylindrical combustion furnace 2 into the cylindrical combustion furnace 2 by the screw carrier 29 of the branch path 16.

  The first wood solid fuel is ignited by an ignition device including a liquid fuel burner (not shown) and starts to burn. The cylindrical combustion furnace 2 is surrounded by a heat-resistant shielding plate member 25 together with the can body 4 and the exhaust gas pipe 5, and the internal temperature is such that the solid wood fuel can continue to burn completely in the cylindrical combustion furnace 2. It is held at 800 degrees.

In general, wood fuel has a slower combustion rate and higher ash content than liquid fuel, so it may stay in the furnace and become clinker.
Therefore, in this example, as shown in FIG. 3, a combustion fluidized bed is formed by the air ejected from the cross-shaped blower pipe 33 on the bottom surface of the cylindrical combustion furnace 2, and the circumferential portion of the cylindrical combustion furnace 2 is further formed. A swirling combustion fluidized bed is formed by the air ejected from the vertical blower pipe 32.

  The wood fuel supplied to the cylindrical combustion furnace 2 rises in the combustion fluidized bed and burns while turning. Then, the exhaust gas containing the non-combusted portion after combustion and ash diffused and filled in the can 4 shown in FIG. 1 from the cylindrical combustion furnace 2 is led out to the combined smoke chamber 6 by a plurality of exhaust gas pipes 5. The

  The exhaust gas led out to the merging smoke chamber 6 passes through the flue 7 to separate the unburned portion and ash from the gas body, and the unburned portion and ash are collected from the chimney 8 to a not-shown burning shell collecting portion, The gas body is collected in the exhaust gas injection side flue 12 by the exhaust gas circulation blower 13, passes through the branch path 6, and is injected into the cylindrical combustion furnace 2 together with the wood fuel.

As described above, when combustion is started once, the high-temperature exhaust gas is collected and circulated to the cylindrical combustion furnace 2, so that the inside of the furnace is kept at a high temperature and the wood fuel is burned at high speed.
In addition, high pressure air for ash discharge that is insufficient with the amount of combustion air is supplied by collecting and circulating the exhaust gas, so that non-combustible dust is quickly discharged through the exhaust gas pipe.

In the case of solid fuel, the fuel is normally supplied from the upper part of the furnace. However, if the fuel is supplied from the upper part, in the case of fluidized bed combustion, combustion is hindered.
Therefore, in this example, the fuel supply is provided not on the cylindrical combustion furnace 2 but on the wall surface slightly below half, and the wood fuel is supplied from the fuel pressure inlet 15 through the cooperation of the exhaust gas. Press fit.

A plurality of air supply ports are provided on the upper and lower sides and both sides of the fuel pressure inlet 15 by means of the vertical air duct 32 and the cross-shaped air duct 33.
As a result, fuel can be supplied without hindering fluidized-bed combustion in the furnace, and complete combustion can be achieved without hindering the combustion of the solid fuel in the longitudinal direction.

  The joint portion 24 to which the vertical blower pipe 32 and the cross-shaped blower pipe 33 are connected to the connection pipe 23 is provided with a flow rate adjusting valve (not shown), and the four cylindrical combustion furnaces 2 are individually provided. The combustion amount can be adjusted and the ignition and extinguishing can be performed individually. Thereby, the internal temperature surrounded by the heat-resistant shielding plate member 25 can be adjusted.

  The two heat exchange fans 26 provided on the upper part of the heat-resistant shielding plate member 25 are heated to high heat by the combustion and exhaust of the four cylindrical combustion furnaces 2 as described above, and the can body 4 and the exhaust gas. House air is blown into the space between the tube 5 and the heat-resistant shielding plate member 25.

  The air heated by heat exchange with the can body 4 and the exhaust gas pipe 5 by this blowing is radiated from the lower exhaust duct 28 via a heating device (not shown) such as a pipe or a pipe, or directly diffused. Heat the house.

  The cylindrical combustion furnace 2 as a wood burning combustion furnace of the present invention has a small diameter and a low height in order to shorten the height of the flame. And in order to obtain sufficient thermal power as a warming device for a garden house, a plurality (four in this example) are provided.

  In this way, a plurality of wood-fired combustion furnaces are arranged to reduce the height of the flame per wood-fired combustion furnace and to reduce the height of the heating device body. Although it is a temperature device, it can be easily installed even in a garden house with a low eave or ceiling.

  Also, while the current cost is 70 yen per kg of A heavy oil, the remaining forest land is 5 yen per kg, which is equivalent to 10 yen even when compared with thermal power. Since the remaining forest land that can be obtained at low cost is used as fuel, the horticultural house management can be sufficiently maintained.

  Forest land residues are often left in forest land because they are not valuable as forest products. However, such forest land remnants can cause rough mountains and can also have an adverse effect on flood control. is there.

  The horticultural house heating device equipped with the wood burning furnace of the present invention is great for contributing to the horticultural house farmer, and also creates an unscheduled income source for forest industry from the aspect of utilization of the remaining forest land. Can contribute.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the horticultural house heating apparatus provided with the wood burning combustion furnace in one Embodiment, (a) is a side view, (b) is a top view which removes one part, (c) is (a) It is AA 'arrow sectional drawing of). (a) is a top view showing only four cylindrical combustion furnaces taken out together with four branch paths and a fuel supply device, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB ′. It is a figure which shows the several blower pipe embed | buried in the cylindrical wall and circular bottom part of a cylindrical combustion furnace, (a) is a side view of a cylindrical combustion furnace, (b) is CC of (a). A cross-sectional view taken along the arrow, (c) is a top view of (a).

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Horticultural house heating device provided with wood burning combustion furnace 2 (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) Cylindrical combustion furnace 3 Upper opening 4 Can body 5 Exhaust gas pipe 6 Merge smoke chamber 7 Chimney 8 Chimney 9 Exhaust gas Recovery pressure injection air passage 11 Exhaust gas recovery side flue 12 Exhaust gas injection side flue 13 Exhaust gas circulation blower 14 Motor 15 Fuel pressure inlet 16 Branch passage 17 Fuel supply unit 18 Fuel supply device 19 Fuel supply port 20 Blower 21 Motor 22 Combustion air blower pipe 23 Connection pipe 24 Joint part 25 Heat-resistant shielding plate member 26 Heat exchange blower 27 Heat exchange part 28 Exhaust duct 29, 31 Screw carrier 32 Vertical blower pipe 33 Cross-shaped blower pipe 34 Pneumatic inlet

Claims (4)

A plurality of cylindrical combustion furnaces that are formed in a cylindrical shape, are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, and have an opening with the cylindrical diameter as it is at the upper end of the cylindrical shape,
A can body that is arranged with the longitudinal direction set in a horizontal direction, and the lower end of the plurality of cylindrical combustion furnaces with the openings at the upper ends thereof inserted therein;
A plurality of exhaust gas pipes having one end connected to one circular end surface of the can body and the other end extending in parallel to the longitudinal direction of the can body on the outside of the can body;
A merging smoke chamber having a filter connected to the other end of the plurality of exhaust gas pipes and separating an incombustible component and ash from an exhaust gas body;
A chimney connected to the side containing the incombustible matter and the ash separated from the exhaust gas body of the combined smoke chamber;
An exhaust gas recovery press-fitting with an exhaust gas recovery side connected to the side including the exhaust gas body separated from the unburned matter and the ash of the merging smoke chamber, and a press-fitting side connected to each of the plurality of cylindrical combustion furnaces The airway,
A fuel supply unit having a supply port connected to the press-fitting side of the exhaust gas recovery press-fitting air passage;
A plurality of blower pipes embedded in a cylindrical wall and a circular bottom of the cylindrical combustion furnace;
A blower that blows outside air into the plurality of blow pipes at a high pressure;
A heat-resistant shielding plate member surrounding at least the plurality of cylindrical combustion furnaces, the can, the plurality of exhaust gas pipes, and the combined smoke chamber;
A plurality of heat exchange fans disposed on the upper surface of the heat-resistant shielding plate member;
An exhaust duct disposed at a lowermost part surrounded by the heat-resistant shielding plate member;
A horticultural house heating device equipped with a wood burning combustion furnace.   The fuel supply unit supplies wood chips to the cylindrical combustion furnace, and the plurality of blow pipes form an ascending combustion fluidized bed inside the cylindrical combustion furnace by outside air injected from the bottom of the cylindrical combustion furnace. And a swirl combustion fluidized bed is formed inside the cylindrical combustion furnace by outside air injected from a side wall of the cylindrical combustion furnace. Heating device.   The plurality of exhaust gas pipes are exhausted gas containing incombustible matter and ash after combustion that diffuses and fills in the can while being rolled up by the rising combustion fluidized bed and the swirling combustion fluidized bed formed in the cylindrical combustion furnace. 2. A gardening house warming device equipped with a wood burning combustion furnace according to claim 1, wherein gas is led out to the combined smoke chamber.   The horticultural house heating apparatus provided with a wood burning combustion furnace according to claim 2, wherein the wood waste is wood waste obtained by crushing forest land residue or wood waste discharged from a sawmill.

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