JP4707308B2

JP4707308B2 - Precast member wall structure and its joint

Info

Publication number: JP4707308B2
Application number: JP2003118322A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 秀一矢萩; 育雄藤木; 聡高橋; 二郎猪瀬; 淳小泉; ▲昇▼ 田代; 文男天野; 稔森; 英治西堀
Original assignee: Tokyo Metro Co Ltd; Toyo Asano Foundation Co Ltd
Current assignee: Tokyo Metro Co Ltd; Toyo Asano Foundation Co Ltd
Priority date: 2002-07-26
Filing date: 2003-04-23
Publication date: 2011-06-22
Anticipated expiration: 2023-04-23
Also published as: JP2004108137A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本願発明はプレキャスト部材を継手を介して組み立ててなる壁体構造物およびその継手の構造に関するもので、例えばシールドトンネル、立坑、タンク側壁等の壁体構造物およびその構築に利用することができる。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、シールド工法に用いるセグメントの連結方法はボルトによる結合が多い。そのため、ボルトの芯あわせに手間がかかる、ボルトの締結作業が必要である、金物が露出しているため防錆処理が必要である、セグメント内面が平滑でない（内面側に継手ボックスなどが開口している）ため二次覆工が必要である等の欠点がある。
【０００３】
これに対し、継手がセグメント本体に埋設され、内面を平滑にして２次覆工を省略可能とするとともに、ボルト接合を不要とし、組立ての自動化、省力化を図った継手構造が種々開発されている（例えば、特許文献１、特許文献２、特許文献３等参照）。
【０００４】
また、特許文献４には、リング接合端面の周方向両端部に嵌合凸部が、それらの間に嵌合凹部がそれぞれ周方向に沿って連続的に形成されたセグメントを千鳥組みすることによってリング接合端面どうしを接合し、この接合端面間の隙間をなくすために、モルタル等の密閉材を充填する充填孔を貫通形成させた構造が記載されている。
【０００５】
さらに、特許文献５には、前記特許文献４記載の構造に加え、リング接合端面に断面台形状で円弧状の補強金具を固着させた構造が記載されている。
【０００６】
なお、前記特許文献４および特許文献５に記載されたものは、何れもセグメントどうしを連結するためには、周方向、長手方向ともボルトを使用しており、これらのボルトによって引張力やせん断力に抵抗している。
【０００７】
【特許文献１】
特開２０００−２４８８９８号公報
【特許文献２】
特開平８−２９６３９６号公報
【特許文献３】
特開２００１−９０４８５号
【特許文献４】
特開平７−１３９２９６号公報
【特許文献５】
特開平７−１９７７８７号公報
【０００８】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
特許文献１、特許文献２および特許文献３記載の継手構造は、製作誤差や組立誤差に対処できるように考慮されているもののその機能は必ずしも十分でなく、また継手面における引抜き力、せん断力に対する抵抗も十分とは言い難い。
【０００９】
一方、特許文献４および特許文献５記載の構造は、セグメントを千鳥組みすることを前提としたものであり、リング接合端面における嵌合凸部と嵌合凹部の組み合わせに加え、密閉材の充填により隙間をなくすことができるため、接合面どうしが密着し、せん断力の伝達に優れる。
【００１０】
しかし、リング接合端面を断面台形状に形成するために型枠が高価となるとともに、密閉材の充填がセグメント組立時の現場作業となるために、作業が煩雑となること、充填作業の施工管理が伴うこと、したがって作業効率の低下を招くこと等の問題がある。
【００１１】
また、特許文献５記載のものは、補強金具を固着させた構造であるため、さらに経済性の低下を招いていることは明らかである。
【００１２】
本願発明は、筒状の壁体構造物をプレキャスト部材の千鳥組みで構成し、壁体軸方向の継手部材に周方向の継手機能を兼備させ、周方向の継手面に継手金具等を必要としない構造としたものであり、構築におけるプレキャスト部材接合作業の効率化、作業性の向上、プレキャスト部材表面の無欠損化、経済性の向上等を目的としている。
【００１３】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本願の請求項１に係るプレキャスト部材による壁体構造物は、複数のプレキャスト部材を周方向に配してリングを形成し、リング軸方向には各プレキャスト部材が隣接するリングの２つのプレキャスト部材間に跨がるように千鳥組みしてなる壁体構造物において、前記プレキャスト部材の坑口側および切羽側のリング継手面双方の周方向中間部に所定間隔をおいて埋設された少なくとも１対の個別的な継手部材が周方向にそれぞれ連結されており、該１対の継手部材のそれぞれを隣接するリングの２つのプレキャスト部材の坑口側および切羽側のリング継手面双方に、それぞれ周方向継手面から所定間隔をおいて個別的に各々埋設された端部継手部材と嵌合してなり、前記プレキャスト部材のリング継手面の周方向中間部に設けられた連結された少なくとも１対の継手部材どうしの嵌合前の軸中心間隔が、該１対の継手部材が嵌合する隣接するリングの２つのプレキャスト部材の端部継手部材どうしの軸中心間隔より相対的に小さく設定されていることを特徴とするものである。
【００１４】
本願発明の壁体構造物に用いる継手は、雌雄の継手がプレキャスト部材本体に埋設され、基本的にはプレキャスト部材を押圧するだけで、プレキャスト部材どうしの継手による接合を完了することができる自動継手タイプの継手である。
【００１５】
また、千鳥組みによる組立てを前提とし、リング軸方向の継手、すなわちリング継手面に設けられた雌雄の継手の嵌合のみで組立てを完了することができる。ただし、別途、周方向について仮止め的な金具を用いたり、あるいは何らかの継手部材を取り付けることは差し支えない。
【００１６】
なお、ここで言うプレキャスト部材は、主としてシールドトンネル用のセグメントを対象とするが、その他、立坑、タンク側壁等に用いられる各種プレキャスト部材を含む。また、ここで言うリングは、狭い意味での円形リングに限定されず、断面形状が矩形や複円形、楕円形、小判型、アーチ型なども含むものとし、必ずしも周方向に閉合されていなくともよい。
【００１７】
リング継手面の継手部材としての雄継手および雌継手の材料としては、金属製、強化プラスチック、セラミックス製等のものが利用でき、その他、必要な強度を有するものであれば、材質は特に限定されない。
【００１８】
このような構成において、請求項１は、プレキャスト部材のリング継手面の周方向中間部に設けられた連結された少なくとも１対の継手部材どうしの嵌合前の軸中心間隔が、該１対の継手部材が嵌合する隣接するリングの２つのプレキャスト部材の端部継手部材どうしの軸中心間隔より相対的に小さく設定されている場合である。
【００１９】
上記１対の継手部材どうしの嵌合前の軸中心間隔が、これと嵌合する隣接するリングの２つのプレキャスト部材の端部継手部材どうしの軸中心間隔より相対的に小さく設定されていることは、これらの嵌合に際し、周方向に確実に引寄せ力が作用することを意味する。なお、リング継手面、周方向継手面とも、通常、シール材を取り付けるためのシール溝が形成されており、プレキャスト部材どうしの引き寄せに際し、シール材を押し潰す形で継手面における止水性が確保されている。
【００２０】
したがって、プレキャスト部材のリング継手面の周方向中間部に設けられた連結された少なくとも１対の継手部材どうしの嵌合前の間隔は、シール材の取り付け代なども考慮して決める必要がある。少なくとも１対というのは２対以上でもよいことを意味する。
【００２１】
周方向継手面に締結機能を有する継手がない場合、そのままではプレキャスト部材どうしを周方向引き寄せる力が生じないが、請求項２に係る発明では、千鳥組みされる新設のプレキャスト部材のリング継手面の周方向中間部で互いに連結されている１対の継手部材を、隣接するリングの２つのプレキャスト部材の端部継手部材と嵌合することで、該隣接するリングの２つのプレキャスト部材どうしを周方向に引き寄せることができる。
【００２２】
したがって、別途、周方向継手面に引き寄せ機能を有する継手を設ける必要がなく、新設のプレキャスト部材のリング軸方向への嵌合だけで効率よく、迅速に壁体構造物を構築して行くことができる。
【００２３】
本願の請求項２に係るプレキャスト部材による壁体構造物は、複数のプレキャスト部材を周方向に配してリングを形成し、リング軸方向には各プレキャスト部材が隣接するリングの２つのプレキャスト部材間に跨がるように千鳥組みしてなる壁体構造物において、前記プレキャスト部材の坑口側および切羽側のリング継手面双方の周方向中間部に所定間隔をおいて埋設された少なくとも１対の個別的な継手部材が周方向にそれぞれ連結されており、該１対の継手部材のそれぞれを隣接するリングの２つのプレキャスト部材の坑口側および切羽側のリング継手面双方に、それぞれ周方向継手面から所定間隔をおいて個別的に各々埋設された端部継手部材と嵌合してなり、前記プレキャスト部材のリング継手面の周方向中間部に設けられた連結された少なくとも１対の継手部材どうしは、一端面が前記継手面に位置する連結材の嵌合孔に対し、該継手面の周方向に遊隙をおいて嵌入されていることにより、該遊隙の範囲で相対変位を許容するように連結されており、前記連結材と前記端部継手部材のいずれか一方に設けられたせん断受圧部としての嵌合凸部と、他方に設けられたせん断受圧部としての嵌合凹部が互いに嵌合することで、前記嵌合凸部と前記嵌合凹部とが当接するせん断受圧部表面で該継手面における周方向のせん断力を伝達するようになっており、かつ嵌合前の前記連結材のせん断受圧部表面どうしの間隔、すなわち前記嵌合凸部と前記嵌合凹部とが当接する位置どうしの間隔が、前記隣接する２つのプレキャスト部材の嵌合前の端部継手部材のせん断受圧部表面どうしの間隔より相対的に小さく設定されていることを特徴とするものである。
【００２４】
上述した請求項１に係る発明では、基本的には連結された１対の継手部材どうしの間隔が変化しない場合を想定しており、これと隣接するリングの２つのプレキャスト部材の端部継手部材どうしが嵌合する際、継手面にシール材がある場合にはシール材を押し潰しながら、該隣接するリングの２つのプレキャスト部材が周方向に引き寄せられる。
【００２５】
これに対し、請求項２に係る発明では、少なくともリング継手面の周方向については、請求項２の場合のように、連結された１対の継手部材が隣接する２つのプレキャスト部材の端部継手部材どうしを引き寄せるのではなく、連結材が端部継手部材どうしを引き寄せるようになっている。
【００２６】
すなわち、連結材によって連結されている１対の継手部材は、遊隙の範囲で連結材に対してリング継手面周方向の相対変位が可能であるため、端部継手部材との嵌合においては引き寄せの機能がなく、連結材と端部継手部材のせん断受圧部どうし（嵌合凹部と嵌合凸部）の嵌合により端部継手部材どうしが引き寄せられるようになっている。
【００２７】
この場合、連結材と端部継手部材のせん断受圧部の当接位置（テーパー面とすることが望ましい）においてリング継手面周方向のせん断力が伝達される。なお、リング継手面においてこれと直交する方向のせん断力については、請求項２の場合と同様、連結された１対の継手部材と隣接する２つのプレキャクスト部材の端部継手部材どうしの間で伝達される。
【００２８】
嵌合前の前記連結材のせん断受圧部表面どうしの間隔が、前記隣接する２つのプレキャスト部材の端部継手部材のせん断受圧表面どうしの間隔より相対的に小さくなるように設定してあることで、嵌合（１対の継手部材と隣接する２つのプレキャスト部材の端部継手部材どうしの嵌合、および連結材と端部継手部材との嵌合）に際し、プレキャスト部材どうしが引き寄せられる基本的な原理は、請求項１の継手部材どうしの嵌合による場合と同様であるが、請求項２の場合、その引き寄せに際し、引寄せのための反力は連結材部分に生じ、連結された１対の継手部材とコンクリートとの間に引寄せのため反力を生じさせないという利点がある。
【００２９】
嵌合前の連結材のせん断受圧部表面どうしの間隔をシール材の取り付け代なども考慮して決める必要があること、少なくとも１対というのは２対以上でもよいこと、別途、周方向継手面に引寄せ機能を有する継手を設ける必要がなく、新設のプレキャスト部材のリング軸方向への嵌合だけで効率よく、迅速に壁体構造物を構築して行くことができること等は、請求項１の場合と同様である。
【００３０】
請求項３は、請求項１または２に係るプレキャスト部材による壁体構造物において、リング継手面で嵌合された継手部材の一方が一方のプレキャスト部材のリング継手面の内側に埋設されリング継手面に開口する雌継手であり、他方が他方のプレキャスト部材のリング継手面から所定量突出して埋設されている雄継手である場合である。
【００３１】
リング継手面に設けられた雌雄の継手の嵌合による継手は、従来の技術の項でも述べたように種々開発さており、雌雄の継手個々の形態については種々の形状、構造のものが適用可能である。
【００３２】
請求項４は、請求項１〜３に係るプレキャスト部材による壁体構造物において、周方向に隣接するプレキャスト部材の周方向端部どうしが、リング軸方向の断面寸法形状がそれぞれほぼ同一であって少なくとも１条の雄ナックル継手面としての凸状曲面と雌ナックル継手面としての凹状曲面で係合している場合である。
【００３３】
本願発明において、周方向継手面については、締結機能を有する継手を必要としないが、後に詳述するように、ナックル継手面を有する雌雄のナックル継手は継手面における回転に抵抗せずに、周方向の軸力をナックル継手面で伝達することができる。
【００３４】
雌雄のナックル継手面は、通常、継手面の長手方向に１条設けられるが、２条以上でもよい。
【００３５】
請求項５は、請求項４に係るプレキャスト部材による壁体構造物において、前記プレキャスト部材の周方向継手面のナックル継手は、該周方向継手面の一方の端部からリング軸方向中央部までがリング軸方向中央部に向けて突出部の高さおよびまたは幅が漸減する少なくとも１条の凸状曲面を有する雄ナックル継手面を形成し、他方の端部からリング軸方向中央部までがリング中央部に向けて溝部の深さおよびまたは幅が漸減する少なくとも１条の凹状曲面を有する雌ナックル継手面を形成している場合である。
ここで、突出部の高さおよびまたは幅が漸減するというのは、突出部の高さと幅の両者が漸減する場合、突出部の高さが漸減するが幅が一定の場合、突出部の高さが一定で幅が漸減する場合を含む意味である。また、溝部の深さおよびまたは幅が漸減するというのは、溝部の深さと幅の両者が漸減する場合、溝部の深さが漸減するが幅が一定の場合、溝部の深さが一定で幅が漸減する場合を含む意味である。
【００３６】
ナックル継手面にテーパーを設けることで、雌雄のナックル継手面が互いにガイドの役割を果たし、新設のプレキャスト部材のリング軸方向への押込みと同時に既設リングのプレキャスト部材どうし、あるいは新設のプレキャスト部材と周方向に隣り合うプレキャスト部材との間での周方向継手面での引寄せ接合を、断面形状の変わらない平行ナックル継手面の場合に比べ、よりスムーズに行うことができる。
【００３７】
また、１つの継手面のリング軸方向中央部を境に、雄ナックル継手面と雌ナックル継手面を設けたのは、プレキャスト部材をリング状に組み立てて行く際の接合手順との関係で、施工の容易化を図ったものである。
【００３８】
請求項６は、請求項１〜５に係るプレキャスト部材による壁体構造物において、周方向に隣接するプレキャスト部材の周方向継手面間にはシール材が介在し、前記リング継手面に設けられた継手部材どうしの嵌合により周方向に引き寄せられたプレキャスト部材の周方向継手面間で前記シール材が押圧され、該プレキャスト部材の周方向継手面に密着している場合である。
【００３９】
前述したように、シール材を介在させることで継手面における止水性を確保することができる。
【００４０】
本願の請求項７に係るプレキャスト部材の継手は、上記請求項１に係る壁体構造物の構築に適した継手を与えるものであり、千鳥組みにより壁体構造物を形成するプレキャスト部材の継手であって、隣接する２つのプレキャスト部材に跨がって配置されるプレキャスト部材の継手面の長手方向中間部に埋設された少なくとも１対の継手部材が継手面の長手方向に連結されており、該１対の継手部材のそれぞれが前記隣接する２つのプレキャスト部材の継手面のそれぞれ長手方向端部から所定間隔をおいて埋設された端部継手部材と嵌合するようになっており、連結された該１対の継手部材どうしの嵌合前の軸中心間隔が、前記隣接する２つのプレキャスト部材の端部継手部材どうしの軸中心間隔より相対的に小さく設定されていることを特徴とするものである。
【００４１】
連結された該１対の継手部材どうしの嵌合前の軸中心間隔が、前記隣接する２つのプレキャスト部材の端部継手部材どうしの軸中心間隔より相対的に小さく設定した効果や継手部材の材質等は、請求項１に係る発明について述べた通りである。
【００４２】
請求項８は、請求項７に係るプレキャスト部材の継手において、前記１対の継手部材が連結材としての板状の鋼材によって連結されている場合であり、請求項９は、前記１対の継手部材が連結材とともに一体成形されている場合である。
【００４３】
本願の請求項７に係るプレキャスト部材の継手では、連結された該１対の継手部材どうしの嵌合前の軸中心間隔が、前記隣接する２つのプレキャスト部材の端部継手部材どうしの軸中心間隔より相対的に小さく設定されているため、継手部材どうしの嵌合により接合が行われた状態では連結材に、プレキャスト部材どうしの引寄せ力の反力として周方向の引張力が作用する。
【００４４】
したがって、その引張力に抵抗できるものであれば、連結材の材質や形態は問わないが、特に鋼製の継手部材を用いる場合には、連結材として鋼板を用いたり、あるいは継手部材と一体成形するのが性能、信頼性、コストの面などで有利である。
【００４５】
請求項１０は、請求項７〜９に係るプレキャスト部材の継手において、前記１対の継手部材と前記隣接する２つのプレキャスト部材の継手部材は、一方が継手面の内側に埋設され継手面に開口する雌継手であり、他方が継手面から所定量突出して埋設されている雄継手である場合であり、請求項３の構造に対応するものである。
【００４６】
請求項１１は、請求項７〜１０に係るプレキャスト部材の継手において、前記連結材の少なくとも一端面が継手面と面一になっている場合、請求項１２は、前記連結材がプレキャスト部材の継手面より内側に埋没している場合である。
【００４７】
請求項１２の場合、特に鋼製の連結材がコンクリート中に埋設される場合において、連結材の防錆等の処理が不要となるメリットがある。
【００４８】
請求項１３は、請求項７〜１０に係るプレキャスト部材の継手において、前記雄継手と雌継手の嵌合状態において前記雄継手のせん断力を受ける部分の断面形状が略矩形または略小判形である場合である。
【００４９】
リング継手面におけるせん断力は雄継手と雌継手あるいはこれらと連結材との嵌合部分の側面において伝達されるため、この部分の断面形状を略矩形や略小判形でできるだけ大きな断面とすることで継手面におけるせん断力の伝達がスムーズとなる。
【００５０】
本願の請求項１４に係るプレキャスト部材の継手は、前記請求項２に係る壁体構造物の構築に適した継手を与えるものであり、千鳥組みにより壁体構造物を形成するプレキャスト部材の継手であって、隣接する２つのプレキャスト部材に跨がって配置されるプレキャスト部材の継手面の長手方向中間部に埋設された少なくとも１対の継手部材が継手面の長手方向に連結されており、該１対の継手部材のそれぞれが前記隣接する２つのプレキャスト部材の継手面のそれぞれ長手方向端部から所定間隔をおいて埋設された端部継手部材と嵌合するようになっており、連結された該１対の継手部材どうしは、一端面が前記継手面に位置する連結材の嵌合孔に対し、該継手面の長手方向に遊隙をおいて嵌入されていることにより、該遊隙の範囲で相対変位を許容する状態で連結されており、前記連結材と前記端部継手部材のいずれか一方に形成されたせん断受圧部としての嵌合凸部と、他方に形成されたせん断受圧部としての嵌合凹部とが互いに嵌合することで、前記嵌合凸部と前記嵌合凹部とが当接するせん断受圧部表面で該継手面の長手方向のせん断力を伝達するようになっており、かつ嵌合前の前記連結材のせん断受圧部表面どうしの間隔、すなわち前記嵌合凸部と前記嵌合凹部とが当接する位置どうしの間隔が、前記隣接する２つのプレキャスト部材の嵌合前の端部継手部材のせん断受圧部表面どうしの間隔より相対的に小さく設定されていることを特徴とするものである。
【００５１】
嵌合前の連結材のせん断受圧部表面どうしの間隔を、隣接する２つのプレキャスト部材の端部継手部材のせん断受圧部表面どうしの間隔より相対的に小さく設定した効果や継手部材の材質等は、請求項２に係る発明について述べた通りである。
【００５２】
請求項１４の場合も、接合が行われた状態では連結材に、プレキャスト部材どうしの引寄せ力の反力として周方向の引張力が作用する。連結材の材質や形態は問わないが、特に鋼製の継手部材を用いる場合には、連結材として鋼板、球状黒鉛鋳鉄、鋳鋼等を用いるのが性能、信頼性、コストの面などで有利である。
【００５３】
請求項１５は、請求項１４に係るプレキャスト部材の継手において、前記１対の継手部材と前記隣接する２つのプレキャスト部材の継手部材は、一方が継手面の内側に埋設され継手面に開口する雌継手であり、他方が継手面から所定量突出して埋設されている雄継手であり、嵌合前の該１対の継手部材どうしの軸中心間隔と、前記隣接する２つのプレキャスト部材の端部継手部材どうしの軸中心間隔がほぼ一致するように設定されている場合である。
【００５４】
請求項１４の継手の場合、リング継手面周方向のせん断力の伝達は連結材が受け持ち、連結材によって連結される１対の継手部材については連結材の嵌合孔部分の遊隙で変位が許容されるため、これらと対向する隣接する２つのプレキャスト部材の端部継手部材との間で偏心させる必要なく、むしろこれらがほぼ一致するように設定することで、リング継手として安定した構造となり、またリング周方向についてはコンクリートとの付着に影響を及ぼすような無理な力が作用しないという利点がある。
【００５５】
請求項１６は、請求項７〜１５に係るプレキャスト部材の継手において、前記端部継手部材には前記１対の継手部材から受ける周方向のせん断力に抵抗させるための周方向または周面に対し斜め方向のアンカー部が設けられている場合である。
【００５６】
端部継手部材については、前記１対の継手部材との嵌合により周方向継手面への引寄せ力が作用し、設計によっては端部継手部材に大きなせん断力が作用することが考えられる。その場合に、斜め方向のアンカー部を設けることで変形や抜け出しを抑制することができる。
【００５７】
請求項１７は、請求項７〜１６に係るプレキャスト部材の継手において、前記プレキャスト部材がコンクリート製、鉄筋コンクリート製、またはコンクリートを充填した鋼製あるいはダクタイル鋳鉄製であり、連結された前記１対の継手部材およびまたは前記連結材のコンクリート中に埋設される部分の表面が歪み吸収機能を有する被覆材料で被覆されている場合である。
【００５８】
後に詳述するように、前記１対の継手部材を連結した状態で嵌合を行うことで、あるいは請求項１４の場合は、連結材と端部継手部材が直接嵌合する部分を有することで、連結材に引張力が作用し、それによりプレキャスト部材のコンクリートにひび割れを生ずる恐れがある。請求項１７に係る発明では、連結材や継手部材の表面を歪み吸収機能を有する被覆材料で被覆することで、その部分でのコンクリートとの付着を切り、コンクリートのひび割れを防止することができる。
【００５９】
なお、被覆材料で被覆する必要があるのは、コンクリートと接する部分であり、継手面に露出した部分等は被覆する必要はない。また、継手部材のアンカー部については被覆することでアンカー機能が損なわれるので被覆しないかまたはアンカー機能に支障がない範囲で被覆する。さらに、請求項１４の場合は継手部材には被覆せず、連結材のみの被覆で足りる。
【００６０】
請求項１８は、請求項７〜１７に係るプレキャスト部材の継手において、前記プレキャスト部材がコンクリート製、鉄筋コンクリート製、またはコンクリートを充填した鋼製あるいはダクタイル鋳鉄製であり、該コンクリートと、連結された前記１対の継手部材およびまたは該連結材とが、継手面の長手方向に接することで、該コンクリートに押圧力が作用する位置に変位吸収材を介在させている場合である。
【００６１】
請求項１７では、被覆材料による被覆で縁切れさせることで、連結材に引張力が作用し、それによりプレキャスト部材のコンクリートにひび割れを生ずるのを防止することとしたが、連結材の両端その他、連結材や１対の継手部材とコンクリートが継手面の長手方向、すなわちプレキャスト部材をリング状に組んだ場合のリング周方向に当接する部分で、これらの部材とコンクリートの間に押圧力が作用し、その部分からコンクリートにひび割れが生ずることが考えられるため、請求項１８ではそのような押圧力が作用する部分に変位吸収材を介在させることでひび割れの発生を防止することした。
【００６２】
なお、請求項１７の被覆材料による被覆を行わずに、請求項１８の変位吸収材を介在させる場合もある。
【００６３】
変位吸収材としては、取り扱いやすさやその機能から、発泡ウレタン、発泡ポリエチレン、発泡スチロール等、独立気泡を有する発泡樹脂が適するが、連結材または継手部材とコンクリートの間に介在させた状態で変形することによって変位を吸収できるものであれば特に限定されない。
【００６４】
以上述べた本願発明において、プレキャスト部材として、本願発明は主としてシールド工法用のセグメントを対象としているが、これに限定されず、鉄筋コンクリート構造、鉄骨鉄筋コンクリート構造、鋼コンクリート合成構造、コンクリートを充填した鋼製構造および球状黒鉛鋳鉄構造等の各種構造、各種用途のプレキャスト部材に適用することができる。
【００６５】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本願発明の実施形態をシールド工法用の鉄筋コンクリートセグメント（以下「セグメント」という。）を例として説明する。
【００６６】
図１は、Ａセグメント３ピース（A1、A2、A3の３種各１ピースのセグメント）、Ｂセグメント２ピース（B1、B2の２種各１ピースのセグメント）およびＫセグメント１ピースを用いて１リングを構成する場合のセグメント組立図である。
【００６７】
図１(a) は１リングの組立状況を示す立面図、図１(b) は図１(a) のリングを３リング千鳥組みした場合の展開図、図１(c) は図１(b) の１リングを取り出し、円周方向の継手部を若干離間させて図示した展開図である。なお、図中、各セグメントに付した丸付数字は１リングごとのセグメントの組立順序を表す（図６、図７についても同じ）。
【００６８】
図２は図１に示すA2セグメントの透視斜視図であり、図において上側がシールドトンネルの坑口側、下側が切羽側となる。図の右側の円周方向継手面は坑口側二分の一の長さ分がナックル継手を構成する雌テーパーナックル継手面４１、切羽側二分の一の長さ分が雄テーパーナックル継手面３１、また左側の円周方向継手面は坑口側二分の一の長さ分が雄テーパーナックル継手面３１、切羽側二分の一の長さ分が雌テーパーナックル継手面４１を形成している。
【００６９】
ここで、ナックル継手とは継手面において実質的に回転に対する抵抗を有しない凹凸面突き合わせ継手をいう。
【００７０】
本願において、雄テーパーナックル継手面３１とは、円周方向継手面において、リング継手面に最も近い該継手面における突出幅が最大でセグメント幅中央（トンネル長手方向の中央）におけるセグメントの厚さ中央付近で突出幅が最小となるように突出幅が漸減し、かつ該継手面からの突出高さが、前記突出幅が最大となる位置で最大となり前記突出幅が最小となる位置で最小となるような、横断面形状がかまぼこ形凸状断面で、該かまぼこ形凸状断面の大きさがトンネル長手方向に漸減または漸増する凸状曲面と、それを除く平面部を含む継手面をいう。
【００７１】
また、雌テーパーナックル継手面４１とは、円周方向継手面において、リング継手面に最も近い該継手面における溝部の幅が最大でセグメント幅中央（トンネル長手方向の中央）におけるセグメントの厚さ中央付近で溝部の幅が最小となるように溝部の幅が漸減し、かつ該継手面からの溝部の深さが、前記溝部の幅が最大となる位置で最大となり前記溝部の幅が最小となる位置で最小となるような、横断面形状がかまぼこ形凹状断面で、該かまぼこ形凹状断面の大きさがトンネル長手方向に漸減または漸増する凹状曲面と、それを除く平面部を含む継手面をいう。
【００７２】
トンネル長手方向の継手面には、坑口側に雄継手１１，１１ｅ、切羽側に雌継手２１，２１ｅがそれぞれコンクリートに埋設されている。それらのうち、中央部の雄継手１１および雌継手２１は、それぞれ円周方向に所要量の離間を設けてそれぞれ連結材１ｌａおよび連結材２１ａにより連結して１対として配置されている。
【００７３】
また、両端部の雄継手１１ｅおよび雌継手２１ｅは、それぞれ１対の中央部の雄継手１１，１１および雌継手２１，２１より円周方向に所要量離間して、円周方向継手面に近い位置に配置されている。
【００７４】
ここに、所要量の離間とは、図１(b) に示すようにセグメントを千鳥組みしてトンネル長手方向の継手が連結可能なように、すなわち連結された１対の雄継手および雌継手が、円周方向に略等間隔に配置されるような離間を意味する。
【００７５】
また、図２において右側継手面の切羽側には、該継手面に対して斜めに配置され該継手面に開口するインサート５１が埋設され、またこれに対応するように左側継手面の切羽側とトンネル長手方向の継手面に開口するボルト孔５２が穿設され、後に説明する図４あるいは図８等に示されるボルト５３の挿通が可能となっている。
【００７６】
図３は、図１(a) のリングが２リング千鳥組みされ、かつ第３番目のリングのうちA1セグメントが組立完了し、A2セグメントを組立中の下部の状況を示す透視斜視図、図４はその詳細を示す透視斜視図である。
【００７７】
図５は、A1セグメントとA2セグメントとの円周方向継手面を展開した透視斜視図である。
【００７８】
図５において、組立完了のA1セグメントのA2セグメントとの円周方向継手面のうち坑口側二分の一は、凸状円弧状部と継手平面部との交線が坑口側に向かって漸増する雄テーパーナックル継手面３１を、切羽側二分の一は、凹状円弧状部と継手平面部との交線が坑口側に向かって漸減する雌テーパーナックル継手面４１をそれぞれ形成している。
【００７９】
該A1セグメントに接合されるA2セグメントの継手面のうち、坑口側二分の一は、凹状円弧状部と継手平面部との交線が坑口側に向かって漸増する雌テーパーナックル継手面４１を、切羽側二分の一は、凸状円弧状部と継手平面部との交線が坑口側に向かって漸減する雄テーパーナックル継手面３１をそれぞれ形成している。
【００８０】
かく構成された円周方向継手面どうしが接合される状況を示す図４において、粗位置決めされたA2セグメントがエレクターまたはジャッキによって坑口側に押し込まれると、既設のA1セグメント継手面に形成された雄テーパーナックル継手面３１の凸状円弧状部および雌テーパーナックル面４１の凹状円弧状部がガイドとなって進入し、該セグメントの長手方向の雄継手１１ｅが既設リングの雌継手２１に円滑に挿入されることとなる。
【００８１】
図１ではＡセグメントの円周方向継手面に形成する雄テーパーナックル面３１の凸状円弧状部および雌テーパーナックル面４１の凹状円弧状部の配置の相違によってA1、A2、A3の３種類のＡセグメントが必要となる。これに対し、Ａセグメントを１種類で構成可能にしたのが図６である。
【００８２】
すなわち、詳細を図６(d) に示すように、雄継手１１ｅのリング継手面からの突出代ｈｐと組立余裕代α分だけ円周方向継手面の長手方向中央部に平面部５４を設けることでこれを可能にし、もって製作性、経済性、施工性をより向上させた。
【００８３】
また、図１、図６では各セグメントの円周方向中央に連結された雄継手１１，１１、雌継手２１，２１をそれぞれ１組ずつ配置したのに対し、図７ではＡセグメントおよびＢセグメントには２組ずつを、Ｋセグメントでは図１、図６と同様に１組ずつをそれぞれ配置した例を示しており、トンネル断面寸法やセグメントの使用条件によってセグメントの千鳥組みが可能であれば継手の配置は自由である。
【００８４】
図８は図１〜図７において、Ａセグメントどうし又はＡセグメントとＢセグメントを接合した状態の横断面拡大図である。雄、雌テーパーナックル面３１，４１の凸状円弧状部３１ａと凹状円弧状部４１ａは当接しているが、平面部３１ｂ，４１ｂは幾分かの間隙を有して接合されるよう、凸状円弧状部３１ａの高さおよび凹状円弧状部４１ａの深さが設定されている。
【００８５】
これにより、セグメントリングに作用する円周方向軸圧縮力はセグメント厚さのほぼ中央部を通してのみ伝達される。すなわち、土、水圧荷重等によるセグメントリングの横断面内変形の多くは、円周方向の継手面のトンネル軸周りの回転によって生じるが、該回転によって生じる内面側または外面側の線接触によるセグメント稜線部や隅各部の欠け、クラックの発生等の欠陥が前記間隙の設定で回避可能としたものである。
【００８６】
図９は図２に示す円周方向継手面を２条の凸状円弧状部３２ａを有する雄テーパーナックル継手面３２と、２条の凹状円弧状部４２ａを有する雌テーパーナックル継手面４２とで構成した例である。この場合、右側の継手面はトンネル長手方向のセグメント幅全幅にわたって雄テーパーナックル継手面３２を形成し、左側の継手面はトンネル長手方向のセグメント幅全幅にわたって雌テーパーナックル継手面４２を形成しているが、前記図１又は図６に示すように、一つの継手面に雄テーパーナックル継手面３２と雌テーパーナックル継手面４２とを併用してもよいことは言うまでもない。
【００８７】
図１０は図９に示すセグメントの組立中の下部状況を、図３と同様に示した透視斜視図である。
【００８８】
なお、他の図示した実施形態と同様に、各セグメント１，１ａの切羽側には、インサート５１とボルト孔５２がセグメントを組み立てたときに隣り合うセグメント間で斜めに連通するように設けられており、ボルト５３をボルト孔５２を通じてインサート５１に螺合することでセグメントの切羽側を仮止めできるようになっている。
【００８９】
このボルト５３による仮止めは、通常は次のリングの組み立てにより周方向継手面に引き寄せ力が作用することで不要となるが、組み立て後も周方向締結部材として残しておくこともできる。
【００９０】
図１１は、図８と同様に、図９に示すＡセグメントどうしまたはＡセグメントとＢセグメントを接合した状態の横断面拡大図である。雄、雌テーパーナックル面３２，４２の凸状円弧状部３２ａと凹状円弧状部４２ａは当接しているが、平面部３２ｂ，４２ｂは幾分かの間隙を有して接合されるよう、凸状円弧状部３２ａの高さおよび凹状円弧状部４２ａの深さが設定されている。
【００９１】
これにより、セグメントリングに作用する円周方向軸圧縮力は、凸状円弧状部３２ａおよび凹状円弧状部４２ａを通してのみ伝達される。すなわち、土、水圧荷重等によるセグメントリングの横断面内変形の多くは、円周方向の継手面のトンネル軸周りの回転によって生じるが、該回転によって生じる内面側または外面側の線接触によるセグメント稜線部や隅各部の欠け、クラックの発生等の欠陥が前記間隙の設定で回避可能としたものである。
【００９２】
以上の図１〜図１１におけるリング間継手として、各セグメントのリング継手面の周方向中央部に配される１対の雄継手１１や雌継手２１および周方向端部に配される雄継手１１ｅや雌継手２１ｅは、新設セグメント１ａをトンネル軸方向に押込んだときに隣接するセグメント１，１ａ間において、雄継手が雌継手に嵌合するものであれば、具体的な形状や構造は特に限定さないが、そのような構造の一例として、図２９〜図３２に示すような構造のものを用いることができる。
【００９３】
すなわち、図２９は本願発明に応用可能な雌雄継手の一例についての接合状態を示す継手部の透視斜視図であり、図３０は図２９の例における接合前の雌雄継手の位置関係を示す斜視図（雌継手は断面）、図３１は接合中の雌雄継手の位置関係を示す斜視図（雌継手は断面）、図３２は接合完了時の雌雄継手の位置関係を示す斜視図（雌継手は断面）であり、本願発明において一方の継手に用いられる連結材を省略した状態に相当する。なお、ここでは説明の都合で、周方向端部に配される雄継手１１ｅや雌継手２１ｅを含むものとして、雄継手について符号１１、雌継手について符号１２を用いる。
【００９４】
この雄継手１１は、図２９に示すように、セグメント１に埋設されたアンカー部１２とセグメント１側面（継手面）より突き出た突出部１３からなり、突出部１３には１段（図示せず）または図示のように２段の縮径部１４が形成されている。また突出部１３の先端は芯合わせがスムーズに行われるようテーパー形状に加工してある（図３０参照）。
【００９５】
なお、図示の雄継手１１は、異形鉄筋の先端部を加工した例であるが、鋳造、鍛造などによる金属製の他、強化プラスチック、セラミックス製のものでもよい。
【００９６】
また、図示の例では引張力に対する抵抗力を異形鉄筋とコンクリートとの付着力に期待しているため、アンカー部１２としてのコンクリート埋込み部は同一横断面の棒状であるが、鋳造、鍛造などによる金属製または強化プラスチック、セラミックス製等の場合には、図示した雌継手２１の後端部のように、膨大部を形成して引き抜き抵抗力を確保することもできる。
【００９７】
雌継手２１は、図２９に示すように、その頭部２３がセグメント１側面に位置するようアンカー部２２とともに埋設されており、頭部２３は内部に雄継手１１の突出部１３が結合できるようセグメント１側面に開口する中空の円筒形状になっている。
【００９８】
雌継手２１についても、雄継手１１と同様、鋳造、鍛造による金属製の他、強化プラスチック、セラミックス等のものでもよい。
【００９９】
この雌継手２１の内部には雄継手１１が進入結合した際、雄継手１１の縮径部１４と対応する位置に、対応する数の環状溝２４が形成されていて、その環状溝２４に環状弾性部材としての環状スプリング２５がセットされている（図３０参照）。
【０１００】
図３０〜図３２に示される雌継手２１には、第１環状スプリング２５ａ、第２環状スプリング２５ｂに、それぞれ第１拡径保持具２７ａ、第２拡径保持具２７ｂが装着されている。
【０１０１】
この拡径保持具２７（２７ａ，２７ｂ）は、その外径寸法が雌継手２１の内径寸法よりわずかに小さく、先端部がテーパー状に形成されていて、雌継手２１の環状溝２４（２４ａ，２４ｂ）にセットした環状スプリング２５（２５ａ，２５ｂ）を拡径保持している。
【０１０２】
また、第１拡径保持具２７ａの外径寸法は中空に形成されている第２拡径保持具２７ｂの内径寸法よりわずかに小さい。なお、図３０〜図３２では、第１環状スプリング２５ａ、第２環状スプリング２５ｂにそれぞれの拡径保持具２７ａ，２７ｂを装着しているが、第１環状スプリング２５ａと第２環状スプリング２５ｂを拡径保持する一つの拡径保持具を用いても良い。
【０１０３】
この継手の結合過程を図３０〜図３２に基づいて説明する。セグメントは、雌継手２１が既設セグメントの切羽側端面に配置されるよう組み立てられているものとする。そして、新たに結合すべきセグメントを、トンネルの切羽側から坑口側に向けて近接し位置合わせを行う。
【０１０４】
その際、新設セグメントの雄継手１１はその突出部１３が突出しており、突出した先端がテーパー加工してあるため、位置決め、挿入作業を容易に行うことができるとともに、雄継手１１の先端部が雌継手２１に進入して行く際、調芯機能が働き、セグメントの真円組立性能が向上する。
【０１０５】
その後、セグメントがジャッキで押されることにより、雄継手１１の突出部１３が雌継手２１に挿入され、雄継手１１の先端部が雌継手２１の内部に装着してある第１拡径保持具２７ａを押し込み、第１環状スプリング２５ａが第１拡径保持具２７ａから解放されて、雄継手１１の先端のテーパー面を乗り越えて１段目の縮径部（第２縮径部）１４ｂに縮合する。
【０１０６】
本実施形態において、第１拡径保持具２７ａは第２拡径保持具２７ｂよりわずかに小径に製作されており、押し込まれるにつれ、第１拡径保持具２７ａが第２保持具２７ｂの内部に収納される（図３１参照）。
【０１０７】
さらに、セグメントがジャッキで押されることにより、雄継手１１の先端部が第１拡径保持具２７ａを内側に納めた第２拡径保持具２７ｂを押し込み、第２環状スプリング２５ｂが第２拡径保持具２７ｂから解放されて、雄継手１１の先端のテーパー面を乗り越えて１段目の縮径部（第２縮径部）１４ｂに縮合し、第１環状スプリング２５ａが第２縮径部１４ｂ後部のテーパー面を乗り越えて２段目の縮径部（第１縮径部）１４ａに縮合する（図３２参照）。
【０１０８】
なお、以上はあくまで本願発明の継手構造に応用可能な雄継手および雌継手の一例であり、これに限定されるものではない。
【０１０９】
図１２は、図３のａ部の詳細を示す斜視図、すなわち図３におけるセグメント円周方向中央部の切羽側継手面に埋め込まれている連結された１組の雌継手２１（片側のみ示している）の部分切断斜視図であり、上述した図２９〜図３２に示される雌継手２１と同様の構造を有している。
【０１１０】
１組の雌継手２１は、連結材２１ａにより該雌継手２１の口元端部および連結材２１ａの切羽側側面がそれぞれ継手面と面一になるように配設されて連結されている。この図１２の例では、雌継手２１の外周に、所要間隔を置いて該雌継手２１の外周に嵌合されるよう穿設された２孔を有する連結材２１ａが装着されている。
【０１１１】
図１３は、図１２の例に対し、連結材２１ａがコンクリート内部に埋没するよう切羽側継手面より幾分坑口側に装着された例であり、連結材２１ａが継手面に露出しないため、該連結材２１ａが金属製の場合に耐食性に優れる特徴がある。図１４は、図１３の部分切断斜視図で（環状スプリングは図示省略）、連結材２１ａを雌継手２１に嵌装した状況を示す。
【０１１２】
図１５は、図１２〜図１４に代わる他の実施例であり、図２２に示す雄継手１１と同形状の端部雄継手が嵌装される場合の雌継手２１で、せん断力を受ける面の形状が隅切り矩形で奥行き方向にテーパーとなっている２孔が所要間隔を置いて穿設された連結材２１ａを、前記雌継手２１の口元付近に嵌着した例である。この場合、連結材２１ａの切羽側側面が継手面に面一になるように配設され、雌継手２１の口元は幾分継手面より奥部に位置している。図１６は、図１５の部分切断斜視図で（環状スプリングは図示省略）、連結材２１ａを雌継手２１に嵌装した状況を示す。
【０１１３】
図１７は図１５に対し２孔の形状が小判形であること以外は図１５と同じである。図１８は、図１７の部分切断斜視図で（環状スプリングは図示省略）、連結材２１ａを雌継手２１に嵌装した状況を示す。
【０１１４】
以上、図１２〜図１８に示す連結材２１ａは、いずれも雌継手２１と別個に製作されたもので、１組２個の雌継手２１に嵌挿して１組の雌継手となすものであるが、該連結材と雌継手を鋳造等によって一体的に成形して１組の雌継手としてもよい。
【０１１５】
なお、図１２〜図１８に示す連結材２１ａおよび雌継手２１は、それらの外周面全体または、代表的に図１２中にハッチングで示した範囲（アンカー部２２を除いている）の表面を軟質で延性または塑性に富む材料で被覆してある。
【０１１６】
被覆材料としては、ウレタン系や合成ゴム系等の各種塗料系材料を使用することができ、はけ塗り、吹き付け、どぶ漬け等の方法で容易に被覆することができる。また、油粘土のような可塑性に富む各種材料を連結材２１ａや雌継手２１に圧着成形してもよい。さらに熱収縮チューブを使用することも可能である。
【０１１７】
すなわち、後述のように連結材２１ａに発生する円周方向引張力によって該連結材２１ａが伸張する際、該伸張によって発生する歪がコンクリートにほとんど伝達されないような材料であればその材質は問わない。
【０１１８】
図１９は、図３のｂ部の詳細を示す斜視図、すなわち図３におけるセグメント円周方向端部の切羽側継手面に埋め込まれている端部雌継手２１ｅを示す斜視図である。
【０１１９】
トンネル長手方向に作用する引張力に抵抗するためのトンネル軸方向に延びるアンカー部２２と、円周方向に作用するせん断力に抵抗するための斜め方向に延びるアンカー部２２ｓを一体的に具備した端部雌継手２１ｅを示す斜視図であり、該端部雌継手２１ｅは図２１に示す雄継手１１と接合され、せん断力を受ける面は頭部２３の円筒面である。
【０１２０】
これに対し、図２０は図１５、図１６と同様に、せん断力を受ける面を隅切り矩形のテーパー面として、図１９と同様なアンカー部２２ｓを具備した雌継手である。
【０１２１】
なお、斜め方向に延びるアンカー部２２ｓは、トンネルの規模、セグメントに作用する荷重に応じて、図３に示すように省略してもよい。
【０１２２】
図２１は、図３のｃ部の詳細を示す斜視図、すなわち図３におけるセグメント円周方向中央部の坑口側継手面に埋め込まれている連結された１組の雄継手１１（片側のみ示している）の部分切断斜視図であり、上述した図２９〜図３２に示される雄継手１１と同様の構造を有している。
【０１２３】
該雄継手１１は図１９に示す端部雌継手２１ｅと結合される継手で、１組の雄継手１１は、坑口側側面が継手面に面一になるように配設した連結材１１ａにより連結されており、図２１の例では、雄継手１１の外周に、所要間隔を置いて該雄継手１１の外周に嵌合されるよう穿設された円柱形の２孔を有する連結材１１ａが装着された実施例である。
【０１２４】
図２２は、図２０に示す端部雌継手２１ｅと結合される継手で、１組の雄継手１１は坑口側側面が継手面に面一になるように配設した連結材１１ａにより連結されており、図２２の例では、雄継手１１の外周に、所要間隔を置いて該雄継手１１の外周に嵌合されるよう穿設された隅切り矩形柱形の２孔を有する連結材１１ａが装着された実施例である。
【０１２５】
図２１、図２２に示す連結材１１ａは、図１３、図１４に示す雌継手２１と同様に、コンクリート内部に埋没するよう継手面より幾分切羽側に装着して、連結材１１ａの継手面からの露出を回避し、該連結材１１ａが金属製の場合に耐食性の向上を図ることもできる。
【０１２６】
また、図２１、図２２に示す連結材１１ａは、いずれも雄継手１１と別個に製作されたものであるが、該連結材と雄継手を鋳造等によって一体的に成形して１組の雄継手としてもよい。
【０１２７】
図２３は、図３のｄ部の詳細を示す斜視図、すなわち図３におけるセグメント円周方向端部の坑口側継手面に埋め込まれている端部雄継手１１ｅを示す斜視図である。
【０１２８】
トンネル長手方向に作用する引張力に抵抗するためのトンネル軸方向に延びる軸部アンカー部１２と、円周方向に作用するせん断力に抵抗するための斜め方向に延びるアンカー筋１２ｃとを溶接等によって接合した端部雄継手１１ｅを示す斜視図であり、図１２または図１３に示す雌継手２１と接合され、せん断力を受ける面は円筒面である。
【０１２９】
図２４は、せん断力を受ける面の断面形状が隅切り矩形で軸方向にテーパーとなっており、円周方向に作用するせん断力に抵抗するための斜め方向に延びるアンカー部１２ｓが軸部アンカー部１２と一体的に成形された端部雄継手１１ｅの斜視図であり、図１５、図１６の雌継手２１と結合される。
【０１３０】
なお、図示しないが、図２２、図２４に示す雄継手１１のせん断力を受ける横断面形状を、図１７、図１８に示す雌継手２１のせん断力を受ける面の形状、すなわち、軸方向にテーパーを有する小判形形状にしてもよいことはいうまでもない。
【０１３１】
図２１、図２２に示す連結材１１ａおよび雄継手１１は、図１２〜図１８に示す連結材２１ａおよび雌継手２１と同様に、それらのコンクリートに埋設されている外周面全体または、代表的に図２１中にハッチングで示した範囲の表面を、軟質で延性に富む各種塗料系材料で被覆するか、油粘土のような可塑性に富む各種材料で被覆するか、熱収縮チューブを使用するなどする。雌継手２１と同様、後述のように連結材１１ａに発生する円周方向引張力によって該連結材１１ａが伸張する際、該伸張によって発生する歪がコンクリートにほとんど伝達されないような材料であればその材質は問わない。
【０１３２】
以上の雄継手１１，１１ｅ、雌継手２１，２１ｅについては、図３に示すように、中央部に配置される雄継手１１のせん断力を受ける部分の軸中心間隔Ｌmcと、該継手と結合される端部に配置される左右の雌継手２１ｅの組立完了後の雌継手２１ｅのせん断力を受ける部分の軸中心間隔Ｌfeとは前者が後者に対して相対的に狭く設定されている。
【０１３３】
同様に、中央部に配置される雌継手２１のせん断力を受ける部分の軸中心間隔Ｌfcと、該継手と結合される端部に配置される左右の雄継手１１ｅの組立完了後の雄継手１１ｅのせん断力を受ける部分の軸中心間隔Ｌmeとは前者が後者に対して相対的に狭く設定されている。
【０１３４】
次に、継手の結合方法について説明すると、第一の実施形態における継手の結合過程・結合状態が図１、図３、図４に示されている。図３、図４において、既設セグメント１の軸方向切羽側端面には雌継手２１，２１ｅが配置されるようにセグメント１が組み立てられている。
【０１３５】
そして新たに接合すべきセグメント１ａを、トンネルの切羽側から坑口側に向けて近接させて位置合わせを行う。その際、新設セグメント１ａの雄継手１１，１１ｅは一部突出しており、また突出した先端がテーパー加工してあるため、位置決め、挿入作業を容易に行うことができるとともに、雄継手１１，１１ｅの先端部が雌継手２１ｅ，２１に進入して行く際に調芯機能が働き、セグメントの真円組立性能が向上する。
【０１３６】
その後、セグメントがジャッキで押される際に、円周方向継手面の雄、雌テーパーナックル継手面３１，４１が法線方向のガイドとなって円滑な進入が可能となる。また、さらに進入が進むと、新設セグメント１ａが既設セグメント１に引き付けられるような円周方向の移動とトンネル軸方向への移動とが同時に生起する。
【０１３７】
そして、該新設セグメント１ａが既設セグメントリングに押圧された状態では、図３に示したような雄、雌継手の構造によって、新設セグメント１ａは既設セグメント１に押圧されているために、双方のセグメント間のシール材（図４のシール溝６１に取り付けられる）が圧縮されて、円周方向に左右のセグメントを締結せずともセグメントどうしの緊結が可能となると同時に止水性も確保できる。
【０１３８】
同時に、該新設セグメント１ａの後方に位置する既設セグメントリングの切羽側円周方向継手面は、新設セグメント１ａの中央部に埋設された１組の雄継手１１によって緊結されるために、既設セグメントリングの切羽側円周方向継手面の緊結、止水性の確保が可能となる。
【０１３９】
このような雄、雌継手の締結状態を図２５〜図２８に示す。図２５は、図３のｅ部詳細を示す部分断面詳細図であり、端部雌継手２１ｅには図１９、雄継手１１には図２１を採用した例である。
【０１４０】
図２５に採用した雄継手１１の引張抵抗部、せん断力受圧部、アンカー軸部の各軸線はすべて同一である。同様に、図２５に採用した雌継手２１の引張抵抗部、せん断力受圧部、アンカー軸部の各軸線はすべて同一である。
【０１４１】
本実施例ではセグメントリングが円形の例であるため、本来は角度表示すべきであるが、説明を簡潔にするために平面的に展開、すなわち平版形セグメントの組立の場合としての説明をする。平面展開した各部寸法を下記とする。
【０１４２】
Ｌfe ：端部雌継手の、組立完了後の設定軸線間隔
Ｌfe1 ：円周方向継手面から端部雌継手軸線までの設定距離
Ｌmc ：中央部雄継手の設定軸線間隔
Ｃs ：円周方向継手面のシール材圧縮後の設定残存クリアランス
Ｄf ：雌継手のせん断受圧部の内径
Ｄm ：雄継手のせん断受圧部の外径
【０１４３】
ここで、雄継手１１が雌継手２１ｅに装着され、円周方向継手面のシール材が圧縮されてその残存クリアランスがＣs になったとき（図２５(b) 参照）、雄継手１１のせん断力受圧面と雌継手２１ｅのせん断力受圧面との位置関係は、図２５のｐ部にて接触し、ｑ部で離間している関係にある。そこで下記の関係式が成立する。
【０１４４】
Ｌfe＝Ｌmc＋（Ｄf −Ｄm ）
Ｌfe1 ＝（Ｌfe−Ｃs ）／２
すなわち、Ｄf、Ｄm 、ＬmcおよびＣs を設定すれば、Ｌfe1 を上式から決定することができる。
【０１４５】
逆に言えば、このように設定した上記寸法の継手を用いれば、図３のように既設セグメントリングに新設セグメント１ａを挿入結合したとき、新設セグメント１ａとそれに隣り合って円周方向に接合された既設セグメント１との継手面および該新設セグメント１ａがトンネル方向に接合される２つの既設セグメント１，１（図３の２番目のセグメントリングのA2セグメントとB1セグメント間の継手面は、残存クリアランスＣs を残してシール材が圧縮されて該継手面には所要の初期締結力が導入される（図３の白抜きの押込みと締付力の矢印参照）。
【０１４６】
図２６は、図３のｆ部詳細を示す部分断面詳細図であり、雌継手２１には図１２、雄継手１１ｅには図２３のものを採用した例である。図２６に採用した雄継手１１ｅの引張抵抗部、せん断力受圧部、アンカー軸部の各軸線はすべて同一である。同様に、図２６に採用した雌継手２１の引張抵抗部、せん断力受圧部、アンカー軸部の各軸線はすべて同一である。
【０１４７】
図２５の場合と同様に、平面展開した各部寸法を下記とする。
【０１４８】
Ｌme ：端部雄継手の、組立完了後の設定軸線間隔
Ｌme1 ：円周方向継手面から端部雄継手軸線までの設定距離
Ｌfc ：中央部雌継手の設定軸線間隔
Ｃs ：円周方向継手面のシール材圧縮後の設定残存クリアランス
Ｄf ：雌継手のせん断受圧部の内径
Ｄm ：雄継手のせん断受圧部の外径
【０１４９】
ここで、新設セグメント１ａの雄継手１１ｅが既設セグメントリングの雌継手２１に装着され、該既設セグメントリングの円周方向継手面のシール材が圧縮されてその残存クリアランスがＣs になったとき、雄継手１１ｅのせん断力受圧面と雌継手２１のせん断力受圧面との位置関係は、図２６のｐ部にて接触し、ｑ部にて離間している関係にある。そこで下記の関係式が成立する。
【０１５０】
Ｌme＝Ｌfc＋（Ｄf −Ｄm ）
Ｌme1 ＝（Ｌme−Ｃs）／２
すなわち、Ｄf、Ｄm 、ＬfcおよびＣs を設定すれば、Ｌme1 を上式から決定することができる。
【０１５１】
逆に言えば、このように設定した上記寸法の継手を用いれば、既設セグメントリングに新設セグメント１ａを挿入結合したとき、該既設セグメントリングの切羽側継手面は、残存クリアランスＣs を残してシール材が圧縮されて該継手面には所要の初期締結力が導入される。
【０１５２】
図２７は図２５と同様に、図３のｅ部詳細を示す他の例の部分断面詳細図であり、継手には図２０に示す雌継手２１ｅと図２２に示す雄継手１１を採用した場合である。今、各軸線を下記のように表記すると、本実施例では雌継手２１ｅにおいてY1−Y1軸、Y2−Y2軸及びY3−Y3軸が一致し、雄継手１１においてX1−X1軸はY1−Y1軸、Y2−Y2軸、Y3−Y3軸と一致している。
【０１５３】
X2−X2軸とX3−X3軸とは一致し、かつ、これらは図２７においてY1−Y1軸、Y2−Y2軸、Y3−Y3軸より右側に位置している。このとき、p1部は接触しq1部で
離間している。また、u1部及びu2部は同程度の間隙を有している。
【０１５４】
Y1−Y1軸：雌継手のせん断力受圧部の軸線
Y2−Y2軸：雌継手のせん断力受圧部より奥部円筒部の軸線
Y3−Y3軸：雌継手のアンカー部の軸線
X1−X1軸：雄継手の先端係止部の軸線
X2−X2軸：雄継手のせん断力受圧部の軸線
X3−X3軸：雄継手のアンカー部の軸線
【０１５５】
図２５が、せん断力の受圧断面が中実円形断面である雄継手１１を示しているのに対し、本実施例では雄継手１１のせん断力の受圧断面を大きな隅切り矩形断面として、より大きな円周方向の初期締結力を導入したり、外荷重に耐える継手を提供することができるものである。
【０１５６】
また、詳細説明を省略するが、図２５と同様な方法によって継手間隔を設定することで確実な締結が得られることは他言を要しない。
【０１５７】
図２８は図２６と同様に、図３のｆ部詳細を示す他の例の部分断面詳細図であり、継手には図１５に示す雌継手２１と図２４に示す雄継手１１ｅを採用した場合である。今、各軸線を図２６の場合と同様に定めると、各軸線も同様なことが言え、p1部で接触しq1部で離間、またu1部及びu2部は同程度の間隙を有している構成が成立していることが分かる。
【０１５８】
図３において、A2セグメントが既設セグメントリングに接合されると、前記のように図２５〜図２８に示すような雄、雌継手の接合および円周方向の締め付けが完了するため、雄、雌継手に図３３に示すような円周方向のせん断力が作用する。
【０１５９】
該せん断力は、円周方向中央部に埋設された１組の雄継手１１，１１を結合する連結材１１ａおよび１組の雌継手２１，２１を結合する連結材２１ａをそれぞれ円周方向に伸長させる引張力Ｔとして作用するため、図３３に示すように連結材（図３３では雄継手１１に対する連結材１１ａ）の中央部のコンクリートにひび割れが発生しやすくなると同時に、隣接するセグメントから迂回する外力を負担しなければならず、そのため鉄筋量の増加をきたし経済性の低下を招きかねない。
【０１６０】
そこで、これらの悪影響を避けるため、前記した被覆材をセグメント円周方向中央部に埋設する雄、雌継手に被覆すれば、円周方向に引張力を受ける連結材１１ａ，２１ａおよびこれに連結されている雄継手および雌継手１１，２１の間隔が増加しても、その変位が被覆材により吸収されるため、前記コンクリートのひび割れの発生を防止でき、止水性および耐久性の向上を図ることが可能となるばかりでなく、外力の伝達も回避できるために鉄筋量の増加を必要としないため、経済的なセグメントを提供できる効果がある。
【０１６１】
図３４にはA2セグメント組立中における円周方向隣接セグメントとの接合面に作用するせん断力Ｑを矢印で示す。このせん断力Ｑは接合完了後においても同様に作用し、ナックル継手がこのせん断力Ｑに抵抗するため、せん断ずれを防止し、次工程で組み立てられるセグメントリングの円滑、効率的な施工に有効となる。
【０１６２】
図３５は、本願発明のさらに他の実施形態（請求項２、１４に対応）におけるセグメントの透視斜視図、図３６は、図３５に示すセグメントの組立中の下部状況を、図３、図１０と同様に示した透視斜視図である。
【０１６３】
図３７は、図５と同様に、セグメントどうしの円周方向継手面を展開した透視斜視図である。図３７の場合も図中左側のセグメント１の円周方向継手面のうち坑口側二分の一は、凸状円弧状部と継手平面部との交線が坑口側に向かって漸増する雄テーパーナックル継手面３１を、切羽側二分の一は、凹状円弧状部と継手平面部との交線が坑口側に向かって漸減する雌テーパーナックル継手面４１をそれぞれ形成している。
【０１６４】
また、これと接合される図中右側のセグメント１ａの継手面のうち、坑口側二分の一は、凹状円弧状部と継手平面部との交線が坑口側に向かって漸増する雌テーパーナックル継手面４１を、切羽側二分の一は、凸状円弧状部と継手平面部との交線が坑口側に向かって漸減する雄テーパーナックル継手面３１をそれぞれ形成している。
【０１６５】
このような構成において、粗位置決めされた新設のセグメント１ａがエレクターまたはジャッキによって坑口側に押し込まれると、既設のセグメント１の継手面に形成された雄テーパーナックル継手面３１の凸状円弧状部および雌テーパーナックル面４１の凹状円弧状部がガイドとなって進入し、該セグメントの長手方向の雄継手１１ｅが既設リングの雌継手２１に円滑に挿入されることとなる。
【０１６６】
ところで、リング継手面の継手部材どうしが嵌合する際、前述した図３３に示すような連結材１１ａに作用する引張力Ｔによるひび割れの発生の回避のため、前述した図２１に示される例では、連結された１組の雄継手１１，１１および連結材１１ａのコンクリート中に埋設される部分の表面に歪み吸収機能を有する被覆材料による被覆を施すこととした（連結された１組の雌継手２１，２１とその連結材２１ａの場合も同様）。
【０１６７】
しかしながら、継手部材の表面に均一な被覆を施すのは必ずしも容易ではなく、連結された１対の継手部材の表面を被覆せずに、このひび割れの発生を確実に回避できるのであれば、継手の製作性、経済性の向上が期待できる。
【０１６８】
図３５〜図５１に示される実施形態は、それを実現したものであり、以下にその詳細を説明する。
【０１６９】
図３８〜図４４は、連結材１１ａによって連結されたリング継手面の周方向に所定の間隔をおいた１対の雄継手１１，１１と、これらの雄継手１１，１１が嵌合される端部雌継手２１ｅ，２１ｅとの取り合いおよび各部材の詳細を示したものである。
【０１７０】
図３８に示した雄継手１１は、図３９に示す連結材１１ａの両端部に形成された嵌合孔７１に貫通させることで、連結材１１ａに対しリング周方向に相対変位が可能な状態で連結される。
【０１７１】
すなわち、連結材１１ａの嵌合孔７１は、図に示すようにリング周方向（連結材１１ａの軸線方向）に延びた横長の孔となっており、貫通させた連結材１１ａとの間にリング周方向について十分な遊隙が生ずるようになっている。
【０１７２】
一方、リング周方向と直交する方向（セグメントの厚さ方向）については、雄継手１１の突出部１３に設けた図３８(b)中、上下に位置する座部１５の外面どうしの間隔ｄm1が、連結材１１ａの嵌合孔７１の図３９(a)中、上下に位置する平坦部どうしの間隔ｄm0とほぼ等しく、嵌入を可能とする僅かな余裕が設けられる程度となっている。
【０１７３】
また、図３９(b)，(c)に示すように、連結材１１ａのリング継手面に位置する側については、両端の嵌合孔７１の外側に嵌合孔７１の軸に対して偏心させた嵌合凸部７２としての突出部が形成されている。
【０１７４】
図４０は、本実施形態における上記雄継手１１の突出部１３が結合される端部雌継手２１ｅを示したもので、頭部２３のリング継手面側に、上記連結材１１ａの嵌合凸部７２が嵌合する嵌合凹部７３が形成されている。
【０１７５】
これらの嵌合凸部７２および嵌合凹部７３には、嵌合を容易にするためテーパーがついており、テーパー面で引き寄せつつ嵌合され、嵌合状態においてこのテーパー面が連結材１１ａと端部雌継手２１ｅとの間でリング周方向のせん断力を伝達するせん断受圧部となる。
【０１７６】
図４４は、これらの取り合いと寸法関係の一例を示したもの（図３９も参照）である。
【０１７７】
この例では、１対の雄継手１１（図４４では片側のみ図示）の引張抵抗部となる突出部１３、アンカー部１２の各部の軸線（まとめてＸで示す）と、端部雌継手２１eの引張抵抗部である頭部２３、せん断受圧部としての嵌合凹部７３、アンカー部２２の軸部の各軸線（まとめてＹで示す）は一致させ、連結材１１ｅの嵌合凸部７２の軸線Ｚのみ、前記軸線Ｘ，Ｙと偏心させている。なお、図では作図上、軸線の偏心を誇張しているため、必ずしも軸心が中央となっていない。
【０１７８】
各部の寸法を下記とする。
【０１７９】
Ｌfe ：端部雌継手の、組立完了後の設定軸線間隔
Ｌfe1 ：円周方向継手面から端部雌継手軸線までの設定距離
Ｌmc ：中央部雄継手の設定軸線間隔（＝Ｌfe）
Ｃs ：円周方向継手面のシール材圧縮後の設定残存クリアランス
Ｄf ：雌継手のせん断受圧部（嵌合凹部）の内径
Ｄm ：雄継手連結板のせん断受圧部（嵌合凸部）の外径
（ただし、せん断受圧部はテーパー面であるため、ＤfおよびＤmは厳密には一定でないが、説明上、テーパーを無視して説明する。）
【０１８０】
ここで、雄継手１１が端部雌継手２１ｅに装着され、円周方向継手面のシール材が圧縮されてその残存クリアランスがＣs になったとき、雄継手１１のせん断力受圧面と雌継手２１ｅのせん断力受圧面との位置関係は、図４４のｐ1部にて接触し、ｑ1部で離間している関係にある。
【０１８１】
このとき、
Ｌfe1 ＝（Ｌfe−Ｃs ）／２
の関係にある。また、ｑ1部で離間距離（隙間）は、Ｄf−Ｄm であり、軸線Ｘ，Ｙと軸線Ｚの偏心距離は、
（Ｄf−Ｄm）／２
となっている。
【０１８２】
このように設定した上記寸法の継手を用いれば、図３６のように既設セグメントリングに新設セグメント１ａを挿入結合したとき、新設セグメント１ａとそれに隣り合って円周方向に接合された既設セグメント１との継手面および該新設セグメント１ａがトンネル方向に接合される２つの既設セグメント１，１（図３６の２番目のセグメントリングのセグメント１，１）間の継手面は、残存クリアランスＣs を残してシール材が圧縮されて該継手面には所要の初期締結力が導入される。
【０１８３】
また、この時、連結材１１ａには引張力が作用し該連結材１１ａは伸張しようとするが、該伸張によって連結材１１ａとコンクリートとが押圧される部分に、図４４に示されるように変位吸収材７４を取り付けることによって、前記伸張変位は吸収できるとともに、該連結材１１ａのコンクリートとの接触表面を図２１に基づいて説明したのと同様に、被覆材料によって被覆することで連結材とコンクリートとは容易に縁切れが可能となる。変位吸収材７４としては、発泡ウレタン、発泡ポリエチレン、発泡スチロール、その他弾性を有する材料を用いることができる。
【０１８４】
この場合、連結材１１ａの伸張によってもリング周方向には嵌合孔７１が雄継手１１と接触しないよう大きく遊隙を設けてあるため、雄継手１１は連結材１１ａの伸張の影響を受けることがない。そのため図２１にハッチングして示したような雄継手１１の被覆は不要となり、製作性、経済性の向上が期待できる。
【０１８５】
図４１および図４２は、それぞれ上記の雄継手１１を連結材１１ａの端部の嵌合孔７１に通した状態の継手面側からと背面側からの斜視図である。また、図４３は端部雌継手２１ｅの継手面側からの斜視図である。
【０１８６】
図４５〜図５１は、連結材２１ａによって連結されたリング継手面の周方向に所定の間隔をおいた１対の雌継手２１，２１と、これらの雌継手２１，２１が嵌合される端部雄継手１１ｅ，１１ｅとの取り合いおよび各部材の詳細を示したものである。
【０１８７】
図４５に示した雌継手２１は、図４６に示す連結材２１ａの両端部の背面側（継手面と反対側）に形成された所定の深さの嵌合孔８１に嵌入させることで、連結材２１ａに対しリング周方向に相対変位が可能な状態で連結される。
【０１８８】
すなわち、連結材２１ａの嵌合孔８１は、図に示すようにリング周方向（連結材２１ａの軸線方向）に延びた横長の孔となっており、嵌入させた連結材２１ａとの間にリング周方向について十分な遊隙が生ずるようになっている。
【０１８９】
一方、リング周方向と直交する方向（セグメントの厚さ方向）については、雌継手２１の頭部２３に設けた図４５(a)中、上下に位置する座部２９の外面どうしの間隔ｄf1が、連結材２１ａの嵌合孔８１の図４６(a)中、上下に位置する平坦部どうしの間隔ｄf0とほぼ等しく、嵌入を可能とする僅かな余裕が設けられる程度となっている。
【０１９０】
また、図４６(b)，(c)に示すように、連結材２１ａのリング継手面に位置する側については、両端の嵌合孔８１の軸に対して偏心させた嵌合凹部８３が形成されている。
【０１９１】
図４７は、本実施形態における上記雌継手２１に結合される端部雄継手１１ｅを示したもので、雌継手２１と結合される突出部１３の基部にテーパーを有する嵌合凸部８２が形成され、上記雌継手２１の嵌合凹部８３に嵌合するようになっている。
【０１９２】
これらの嵌合凸部８２および嵌合凹部８３にはテーパーがついていることで、テーパー面で引き寄せつつ嵌合され、嵌合状態においてこのテーパー面が連結材２１ａと端部雄継手１１ｅとの間でリング周方向のせん断力を伝達するせん断受圧部となる。
【０１９３】
図５１は、これらの取り合いと寸法関係の一例を示したもの（図４６も参照）である。
【０１９４】
この例では、１対の雌継手２１（図５１では片側のみ図示）の引張抵抗部となる頭部２３、アンカー部２２の各部の軸線（まとめてＹで示す）と、端部雄継手１１eの引張抵抗部である突出部１３、せん断受圧部としての嵌合凸部８２、アンカー部１２の軸部の各軸線（まとめてＸで示す）は一致させ、連結材２１ｅの嵌合凹部８３の軸線Ｚのみ、前記軸線Ｘ，Ｙと偏心させている。なお、図では作図上、軸線の偏心を誇張しているため、必ずしも軸心が中央となっていない。
【０１９５】
各部の寸法を下記とする。
【０１９６】
Ｌme ：端部雄継手の、組立完了後の設定軸線間隔
Ｌme1 ：円周方向継手面から端部雄継手軸線までの設定距離
Ｌfc ：中央部雌継手の設定軸線間隔（＝Ｌme）
Ｃs ：円周方向継手面のシール材圧縮後の設定残存クリアランス
Ｄf ：連結板のせん断受圧部（嵌合凹部）の内径
Ｄm ：雄継手のせん断受圧部（嵌合凸部）の外径
（ただし、せん断受圧部はテーパー面であるため、ＤfおよびＤmは厳密には一定でないが、説明上、テーパーを無視して説明する。）
【０１９７】
ここで、新設セグメント１ａの端部雄継手１１ｅが既設セグメントリングの雌継手２１に装着され、該既設セグメントリングの円周方向継手面のシール材が圧縮されてその残存クリアランスがＣs になったとき、端部雄継手１１ｅのせん断力受圧面と雌継手２１のせん断力受圧面との位置関係は、図５１のｐ2部にて接触し、ｑ2部にて離間している関係にある。
【０１９８】
このとき、
Ｌme1＝（Ｌme−Ｃs ）／２
の関係にある。また、ｑ2部で離間距離（隙間）は、Ｄf−Ｄm であり、軸線Ｘ，Ｙと軸線Ｚの偏心距離は、
（Ｄf−Ｄm）／２
となっている。
【０１９９】
このように設定した上記寸法の継手を用いれば、図３６のように既設セグメントリングに新設セグメント１ａを挿入結合したとき(図３６のｈの位置)、新設セグメント１ａとそれに隣り合って円周方向に接合された既設セグメント１との継手面および該新設セグメント１ａがトンネル方向に接合される２つの既設セグメント１，１の切羽側継手面は、残存クリアランスＣs を残してシール材が圧縮されて該継手面には所要の初期締結力が導入される。
【０２００】
また、この時、連結材２１ａには引張力が作用し該連結材２１ａは伸張しようとするが、該伸張によって連結材２１ａとコンクリートとが押圧される部分に、変位吸収材８４を取り付けることによって、前記伸張変位は吸収できるとともに、該連結材２１ａのコンクリートとの接触表面を既述したような被覆材料によって被覆することで連結材２１ａとコンクリートとは容易に縁切れが可能となる。
【０２０１】
さらに、前記連結材２１ａの伸張によってもリング周方向には嵌合孔８１が雌継手２１と接触しないよう大きく遊隙を設けてあるため、雌継手２１は連結材２１ａの伸張の影響を受けることがない。そのため図２１にハッチングして示したのと同様な雌継手２１の被覆は不要となって製作性、経済性の向上が期待できる。
【０２０２】
図４８および図４９は、それぞれ上記の雌継手２１を連結材２１ａの端部の嵌合孔８１に通した状態の背面側からと継手面側からの斜視図である。また、図５０は端部雄継手１１ｅの背面側からの斜視図である。
【０２０３】
以上、本願発明の実施形態を、シールド工法用の鉄筋コンクリートセグメントについて説明したが、本願発明の適用対象となるプレキャスト部材はこれに限定されず、鉄骨鉄筋コンクリート構造、鋼コンクリート合成構造、コンクリートを充填した鋼製構造および球状黒鉛鋳鉄構造等のセグメントに適用可能であることは勿論、セグメント以外の版状あるいはブロック状の各種プレキャスト部材にも適用可能であり、また接合方向も特に限定されず、プレキャスト部材の用途等に応じ任意である。
【０２０４】
【発明の効果】
本願発明の壁体構造物および継手は、シールドトンネルや立坑、外壁等の周方向閉合壁体の軸方向の継手部材に周方向の継手機能を兼備させ、周方向の継手面に継手金具等を必要としない構造としたものであり、構築におけるプレキャスト部材接合作業の効率化、作業性の向上、プレキャスト部材表面の無欠損化、経済性の向上が可能である。
【０２０５】
また、雌雄の継手がプレキャスト部材本体に埋設されているタイプとしてシールドトンネルや立坑に用いる場合、内面を平滑に形成することで二次覆工等を省略することができる。
【０２０６】
また、基本的にはプレキャスト部材を押圧するだけで、プレキャスト部材どうしの継手による接合を完了することができ、ボルト等の付属品も不要であり、組立の自動化、省力化が可能であり、作業時間も大幅に短縮でき、作業安全性も高い。
【０２０７】
請求項１、請求項７に係る発明では、連結材によって連結される１対の継手部材どうしの嵌合前の軸中心間隔が、これと嵌合する隣接するリングの２つのプレキャスト部材の端部継手部材どうしの軸中心間隔より相対的に小さく設定されていることで、これらの嵌合に際し、周方向に確実に引寄せ力を作用させることができ、請求項６のシール材等との併用により継手面における止水性も確保される。
【０２０８】
また、請求項２、請求項１４に係る発明では、請求項１、請求項７の場合のように、連結された１対の継手部材が隣接する２つのプレキャスト部材の端部継手部材どうしを引き寄せるのではなく、連結材が端部継手部材どうしを引き寄せるようになっており、連結材によって連結されている１対の継手部材は、遊隙の範囲で連結材に対してリング継手面周方向の相対変位が許容され、連結材と端部継手部材のせん断受圧部どうしの嵌合により端部継手部材どうしが引き寄せられるようになっている。
【０２０９】
すなわち、嵌合前の前記連結材のせん断受圧部表面どうしの間隔が、前記隣接する２つのプレキャスト部材の端部継手部材のせん断受圧部表面どうしの間隔より相対的に小さくなるように設定してあり、引寄せのための反力は連結材部分に生じ、連結された１対の継手部材とコンクリートとの間に引寄せのため反力が生じさせないという利点がある。この場合も、請求項６のシール材等との併用により継手面における止水性が確保される。
【０２１０】
請求項４に係る発明では、周方向継手面にナックル継手を併用することで、継手面における回転を許容しつつ周方向の軸力を確実に伝達し、合理的な壁体構造を実現することができる。
【０２１１】
請求項５に係る発明では、ナックル継手面にテーパーを設けることで、雌雄のナックル継手面が互いにガイドの役割を果たし、プレキャスト部材の周方向継手面での引寄せ接合をスムーズに行うことができる。
【０２１２】
請求項１２に係る発明では、連結材がプレキャスト部材の継手面より内側に埋没するため、鋼製の連結材の場合に防錆等の処理が不要である。
【０２１３】
請求項１３に係る発明では、雄継手のせん断力を受ける部分の断面形状が略矩形または略小判形とし、できるだけ大きな断面とすることで継手面におけるせん断力の伝達がスムーズとなる。
【０２１４】
請求項１６に係る発明では、端部継手部材について斜め方向のアンカー部を設けたことで、連結材で連結された１対の継手部材と嵌合した際の変形や抜け出しを効果的に抑制することができる。
【０２１５】
請求項１７に係る発明では、連結材で連結される１対の継手部材について、被覆材料により連結材や継手部材とコンクリートとの付着が切られることで、連結材に生ずる引張力を原因とするコンクリートのひび割れを、簡便な方法で抑制することができる。
【０２１６】
請求項１８に係る発明では、連結された１対の継手部材と隣接するセグメントリングの端部継手部材どうしの締結により連結材が伸びようとする際に、コンクリートが押圧力を受ける位置に変位吸収材が介在していることで、コンクリートのひび割れを抑制することができる。また、請求項１７の被覆と併用すればその効果がさらに確実となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本願発明をシールドトンネルに適用した場合の一実施形態を示したもので、(a) は１リングの組立状況を示す立面図、(b) は(a) のリングを３リング千鳥組みした場合の展開図、(c) は(b) の１リングを取り出し、円周方向の継手部を若干離間させて図示した展開図である。
【図２】図１の実施形態におけるA2セグメントの透視斜視図である。
【図３】図１(a) のリングが２リング千鳥組みされ、かつ第３番目のリングのうちA1セグメントが組立完了し、A2セグメントを組立中の下部の状況を示す透視斜視図である。
【図４】図３の組立中の部分の詳細を示す透視斜視図である。
【図５】図１〜図４に示した実施形態におけるA1セグメントとA2セグメントとの円周方向継手面を展開した透視斜視図である。
【図６】本願発明をシールドトンネルに適用した場合の他の実施形態（Ａセグメントが１種類の場合）を示したもので、(a) は１リングの組立状況を示す立面図、(b) は(a) のリングを３リング千鳥組みした場合の展開図、(c) は(b) の１リングを取り出し、円周方向の継手部を若干離間させて図示した展開図、(d) は雄継手の組立余裕代と平坦部の関係を説明するための要部拡大図である。
【図７】本願発明をシールドトンネルに適用した場合の他の実施形態（連結された雄継手、雌継手が各セグメントの円周方向中間に２組ずつある場合）を示したもので、(a) は１リングの組立状況を示す立面図、(b) は(a) のリングを３リング千鳥組みした場合の展開図、(c) は(b) の１リングを取り出し、円周方向の継手部を若干離間させて図示した展開図である。
【図８】図１〜図５、図６または図７の実施形態におけるＡセグメントどうし、またはＡセグメントとＢセグメントを接合した状態の横断面拡大図である。
【図９】円周方向継手面に２条の雌雄テーパーナックル継手面を有するセグメントの例を示す透視斜視図である。
【図１０】図９に示すセグメントの組立中の下部状況を示した透視斜視図である。
【図１１】図９に示すＡセグメントどうしまたはＡセグメントとＢセグメントを接合した状態の横断面拡大図である。
【図１２】図３のａ部の詳細を示す斜視図である。
【図１３】図１２の雌継手に対する変形例を示す斜視図である。
【図１４】図１３の部分切断斜視図である。
【図１５】図１２の雌継手に対する他の変形例を示す斜視図である。
【図１６】図１５の部分切断斜視図である。
【図１７】図１２の雌継手に対するさらに他の変形例を示す斜視図である。
【図１８】図１７の部分切断斜視図である。
【図１９】図３のｂ部の詳細を示す斜視図である。
【図２０】図１９の端部雌継手に対する変形例を示す斜視図である。
【図２１】図３のｃ部の詳細を示す斜視図である。
【図２２】図２１の雄継手に対する変形例を示す斜視図である。
【図２３】図３のｄ部の詳細を示す斜視図である。
【図２４】図２３の端部雄継手に対する変形例を示す斜視図である。
【図２５】 (a) は図３のｅ部詳細を示す部分断面詳細図、(b) はその機能を説明するための寸法関係説明図である。
【図２６】図３のｆ部詳細を示す部分断面詳細図である。
【図２７】図３のｅ部詳細を示す他の例の部分断面詳細図である。
【図２８】図３のｆ部詳細を示す他の例の部分断面詳細図である。
【図２９】本願発明に応用可能な雌雄継手の一例（本願発明において一方の継手に用いられる連結材を省略した状態）についての接合状態の継手部の透視斜視図である。
【図３０】図２９の例における接合前の雌雄継手の位置関係を示す斜視図（雌継手は断面）である。
【図３１】図２９の例における接合中の雌雄継手の位置関係を示す斜視図（雌継手は断面）である。
【図３２】図２９の例における接合完了時の雌雄継手の位置関係を示す斜視図（雌継手は断面）である。
【図３３】連結材に生じる接線力とコンクリートのひび割れとの関係を説明するための透視斜視図である。
【図３４】リング間継手に作用するせん断力を説明するための透視斜視図である。
【図３５】本願発明のさらに他の実施形態におけるＡセグメントの例を示す透視斜視図である。
【図３６】図３５に示すセグメントの組立中の下部の状況を示した透視斜視図である。
【図３７】図３５、図３６に示した実施形態におけるＡセグメントどうしの円周方向継手面を展開した透視斜視図である。
【図３８】図３５、図３６の実施形態における連結材に遊嵌される中央部雄継手を示したもので、(a)は平面図、(b)は正面図である。
【図３９】図３８の中央部雄継手が遊嵌される連結材を示したもので、(a)は背面図、(b)は底面図（セグメント底面側に位置し、右半分は断面図）、(c)はセグメントの継手面における正面図である。
【図４０】図３５、図３６の実施形態における端部雌継手を示したもので、(a)は側面図（上半分は断面図）、(b)は継手面における正面図である。
【図４１】図３５、図３６の実施形態における中央部雄継手を連結材の端部に嵌合した状態を示す継手面側からの斜視図である。
【図４２】図４１に対応する背面側からの斜視図である。
【図４３】図３５、図３６の実施形態における端部雌継手の継手面側からの斜視図である。
【図４４】図３６におけるｇ部詳細を示す部分断面詳細図である。
【図４５】図３５、図３６の実施形態における連結材に遊嵌される中央部雌継手を示したもので、(a)は継手面側らの正面図、(b)は側面図（一部断面図）である。
【図４６】図４５の中央部雌継手が遊嵌される連結材を示したもので、(a)は背面図、(b)は底面図（セグメント底面側に位置し、右半分は断面図）、(c)はセグメントの継手面における正面図である。
【図４７】図３５、図３６の実施形態における端部雄継手の平面図（セグメント内面側から見た図）である。
【図４８】図３５、図３６の実施形態における中央部雌継手を連結材の端部に嵌合した状態を示す背面側からの斜視図である。
【図４９】図４９に対応する継手面側からの斜視図である。
【図５０】図３５、図３６の実施形態における端部雄継手の背面側からの斜視図である。
【図５１】図３６におけるｈ部詳細を示す部分断面詳細図である。
【符号の説明】
１…セグメント、１ａ…新設セグメント、
１１…雄継手（リング間継手）、１１ａ…連結材、１１ｅ…端部雄継手、１２…アンカー部、１２ｃ…アンカー筋、１２ｓ…アンカー部（斜め方向）、１３…突出部、１３ａ…拡大根部、１４…縮径部、１４ａ…第１縮径部、１４ｂ…第２縮径部、１５…座部、
２１…雌継手（リング間継手）、２１ａ…連結材、２１ｅ…端部雌継手、２２…アンカー部、２２ｓ…アンカー部（斜め方向）、２３…頭部、２４…環状溝、２４ａ…第１環状溝、２４ｂ…第２環状溝、２５…環状スプリング、２５ａ…第１環状スプリング、２５ｂ…第２環状スプリング、２６…芯材、２６ａ…せん断抵抗部材、２７…拡径保持具、２７ａ…第１拡径保持具、２７ｂ…第２拡径保持具、２８…空室部、２９…座部、
３１…雄テーパーナックル面、３２…雄テーパーナックル面（２条）、
４１…雌テーパーナックル面、４２…雌テーパーナックル面（２条）、
５１…インサート、５２…ボルト孔、５３…ボルト、５４…平坦部、
６１…シール溝、
７１…嵌合孔、７２…嵌合凸部（せん断受圧部）、７３…嵌合凹部（せん断受圧部）、７４…変位吸収材、
８１…嵌合孔、８２…嵌合凸部（せん断受圧部）、８３…嵌合凹部（せん断受圧部）、８４…変位吸収材[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a wall structure obtained by assembling a precast member via a joint and the structure of the joint, and can be used for a wall structure such as a shield tunnel, a shaft, a tank side wall, and the construction thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, the segment connection method used in the shield method is often coupled by bolts. For this reason, it takes time to align the bolts, the bolts need to be tightened, the hardware is exposed and rust prevention is required, the segment inner surface is not smooth (the joint box opens on the inner surface side, etc.) Therefore, there is a disadvantage that secondary lining is necessary.
[0003]
On the other hand, various joint structures have been developed in which the joint is embedded in the segment body, the inner surface is smoothed and the secondary lining can be omitted, and bolt joining is not required, and the assembly is automated and labor-saving. (For example, see Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, etc.).
[0004]
Further, in Patent Document 4, a fitting convex portion is formed at both ends in the circumferential direction of the ring joint end face, and a segment in which a fitting concave portion is continuously formed along the circumferential direction between them is staggered. A structure is described in which filling holes for filling a sealing material such as mortar are formed so as to join ring joining end faces and eliminate a gap between the joining end faces.
[0005]
Further, in Patent Document 5, in addition to the structure described in Patent Document 4, a structure in which an arc-shaped reinforcing metal fitting having a trapezoidal cross section is fixed to the ring joint end face is described.
[0006]
In addition, in both of those described in Patent Document 4 and Patent Document 5, bolts are used in both the circumferential direction and the longitudinal direction in order to connect the segments. Is resisting.
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2000-248898 A
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-8-296396
[Patent Document 3]
JP 2001-90485 A
[Patent Document 4]
JP 7-139296 A
[Patent Document 5]
JP-A-7-197787
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Although the joint structures described in Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 are considered so as to cope with manufacturing errors and assembly errors, their functions are not necessarily sufficient, and they are not sufficient for pulling force and shearing force on the joint surface. Resistance is not enough.
[0009]
On the other hand, the structures described in Patent Document 4 and Patent Document 5 are based on the premise that the segments are staggered, and in addition to the combination of the fitting convex part and the fitting concave part on the ring joint end face, Since the gap can be eliminated, the joint surfaces are in close contact with each other, and the transmission of shearing force is excellent.
[0010]
However, since the ring joint end face is formed into a trapezoidal cross section, the formwork becomes expensive, and the filling of the sealing material becomes an on-site work at the time of assembling the segments, which makes the work complicated and the construction management of the filling work , And therefore there is a problem such as a reduction in work efficiency.
[0011]
Moreover, since the thing of patent document 5 is the structure to which the reinforcement metal fitting was fixed, it is clear that the economical fall is caused further.
[0012]
The invention of the present application comprises a cylindrical wall body structure composed of staggered precast members, a joint member in the wall body axial direction has a joint function in the circumferential direction, and a joint fitting or the like is required on the joint surface in the circumferential direction The purpose is to improve the efficiency of precast member joining work in construction, improve workability, make the surface of the precast member free of defects, and improve economy.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  The wall structure by the precast member according to claim 1 of the present application forms a ring by arranging a plurality of precast members in the circumferential direction, and between the two precast members of the rings adjacent to each other in the ring axial direction. In the wall structure formed in a zigzag manner so as to straddle, at least one pair of individually embedded at a predetermined interval in the circumferential intermediate portion of both the well-opening side and the face-side ring joint surface of the precast member Coupling members are respectively connected in the circumferential direction, and each of the pair of coupling members is connected to both of the ring joint surfaces on the wellhead side and the face side of the two precast members of adjacent rings from the circumferential joint surface, respectively. Do not mate with the end joint members individually embedded at predetermined intervals.The distance between the axial centers of the precast members at the intermediate portion in the circumferential direction of the ring joint surface before the fitting of the connected at least one pair of joint members is adjacent to the pair of joint members. It is set to be relatively smaller than the axial center distance between the end joint members of the two precast members of the ring.It is characterized by this.
[0014]
The joint used for the wall structure of the present invention is an automatic joint in which a male / female joint is embedded in the precast member main body, and the joining of the precast members can be completed basically only by pressing the precast member. It is a type of joint.
[0015]
Further, on the premise of the assembly by the staggered assembly, the assembly can be completed only by fitting the joint in the ring axial direction, that is, the male and female joints provided on the ring joint surface. However, there is no problem in using a temporarily fixed metal fitting in the circumferential direction or attaching some joint member.
[0016]
In addition, although the precast member said here mainly targets the segment for shield tunnels, it includes the various precast members used for a shaft, a tank side wall, etc. in addition. In addition, the ring mentioned here is not limited to a circular ring in a narrow sense, and the cross-sectional shape includes a rectangle, a double circle, an ellipse, an oval shape, an arch shape, and the like, and may not necessarily be closed in the circumferential direction. .
[0017]
The material of the male joint and female joint as the joint member of the ring joint surface can be made of metal, reinforced plastic, ceramics, etc., and the material is not particularly limited as long as it has the necessary strength. .
[0018]
  In such a configuration, claim 1 isThe distance between the axial centers of the at least one pair of joint members connected to each other provided at the intermediate portion in the circumferential direction of the ring joint surface of the recast member is equal to 2 of adjacent rings into which the pair of joint members are fitted. This is a case where it is set relatively smaller than the axial center distance between the end joint members of the two precast members.
[0019]
  Before fitting the pair of joint membersAxis centerThe distance between the end joint members of the two precast members of adjacent rings that fit into thisAxis centerThe fact that the distance is set to be relatively smaller than the interval means that a pulling force acts reliably in the circumferential direction during the fitting. In addition, both the ring joint surface and the circumferential joint surface are usually provided with a seal groove for attaching the seal material, and when the precast members are pulled together, the seal material is crushed to ensure water-tightness on the joint surface. ing.
[0020]
Accordingly, it is necessary to determine the spacing before fitting between at least one pair of joint members connected to each other in the circumferential intermediate portion of the ring joint surface of the precast member in consideration of the mounting allowance of the sealing material. At least one pair means that two or more pairs may be used.
[0021]
If there is no joint having a fastening function on the circumferential joint surface, the force for pulling the precast members together in the circumferential direction is not generated as it is. However, in the invention according to claim 2, the ring joint surface of the newly installed precast member to be staggered is used. By fitting a pair of joint members connected to each other at the intermediate portion in the circumferential direction with end joint members of two precast members of adjacent rings, the two precast members of the adjacent rings are circumferentially connected. Can be drawn to.
[0022]
Therefore, it is not necessary to separately provide a joint having a pulling function on the circumferential joint surface, and a wall structure can be constructed efficiently and quickly only by fitting a newly installed precast member in the ring axis direction. it can.
[0023]
  The wall structure by the precast member according to claim 2 of the present application forms a ring by arranging a plurality of precast members in the circumferential direction, and between the two precast members of the rings adjacent to each other in the ring axial direction. In the wall structure formed in a zigzag manner so as to straddle, at least one pair of individually embedded at a predetermined interval in the circumferential intermediate portion of both the well-opening side and the face-side ring joint surface of the precast member Coupling members are respectively connected in the circumferential direction, and each of the pair of coupling members is connected to both of the ring joint surfaces on the wellhead side and the face side of the two precast members of adjacent rings from the circumferential joint surface, respectively. It is fitted with end joint members individually embedded at a predetermined interval,At least one pair of connected joint members provided at the circumferential intermediate portion of the ring joint surface of the precast member has one end surface of the joint surface with respect to the fitting hole of the connection material located on the joint surface. By being inserted with a clearance in the circumferential direction, it is connected so as to allow relative displacement within the range of the clearance, and is provided on either one of the connecting material or the end joint member. The surface of the shear pressure receiving portion where the fitting convex portion and the fitting concave portion come into contact with each other when the fitting convex portion as the shear pressure receiving portion and the fitting concave portion as the shear pressure receiving portion provided on the other are fitted to each other. Thus, the shearing force in the circumferential direction on the joint surface is transmitted, and the interval between the surfaces of the shear pressure receiving parts of the connecting material before fitting, that is, the fitting convex part and the fitting concave part are in contact with each other. The distance between adjacent positions is adjacent to the adjacent position. Is relatively smaller set than interval between shear pressure receiving portion surface of the fitting before the end fitting member One of precast membersIt is characterized by this.
[0024]
  Claims mentioned above1In the invention according to the present invention, it is basically assumed that the distance between the pair of connected joint members does not change, and the end joint members of the two precast members of the adjacent ring are fitted to each other. At this time, when there is a sealing material on the joint surface, the two precast members of the adjacent rings are pulled in the circumferential direction while crushing the sealing material.
[0025]
  In contrast, the claim2In the invention according to the present invention, at least in the circumferential direction of the ring joint surface, as in the case of claim 2, a pair of connected joint members does not draw the end joint members of two adjacent precast members together. The connecting member draws the end joint members together.
[0026]
That is, since the pair of joint members connected by the connecting material can be displaced relative to the connecting material in the circumferential direction of the ring joint surface in the range of the clearance, in fitting with the end joint member, There is no pulling function, and the end joint members are pulled together by fitting the connecting material and the shear pressure receiving portions of the end joint member (fitting concave portion and fitting convex portion).
[0027]
In this case, the shearing force in the circumferential direction of the ring joint surface is transmitted at the contact position (preferably a tapered surface) between the connecting member and the shear pressure receiving portion of the end joint member. As in the case of claim 2, the shear force in the direction perpendicular to the ring joint surface is transmitted between a pair of connected joint members and the end joint members of two adjacent precast members. Is done.
[0028]
  The interval between the shear pressure receiving surfaces of the connecting material before fitting is set to be relatively smaller than the interval between the shear pressure receiving surfaces of the end joint members of the two adjacent precast members. , In the case of fitting (fitting of end joint members of two precast members adjacent to a pair of joint members, and fitting of connecting material and end joint members) The principle is the claim1This is the same as the case of fitting the joint members of2In this case, when pulling, there is an advantage that a reaction force for pulling is generated in the connecting material portion and no reaction force is generated for pulling between the pair of connected joint members and the concrete.
[0029]
  It is necessary to determine the distance between the surfaces of the shear pressure receiving parts of the connecting material before mating in consideration of the mounting allowance of the seal material, etc., that at least one pair may be two or more, and a circumferential joint surface It is not necessary to provide a joint having a pulling function on the wall, and it is possible to construct a wall structure quickly and efficiently only by fitting a newly installed precast member in the ring axial direction.1It is the same as the case of.
[0030]
  Claim3Claim 1Or 2In the wall structure by the precast member according to the above, one of the joint members fitted on the ring joint surface is a female joint that is embedded inside the ring joint surface of one of the precast members and opens to the ring joint surface, and the other is This is a case where the male joint is embedded with a predetermined amount protruding from the ring joint surface of the other precast member.
[0031]
Various joints by fitting male and female joints on the ring joint surface have been developed as described in the section of the prior art, and various shapes and structures of male and female joints can be applied. It is.
[0032]
  Claim4Claims 1 to3In the wall structure by the precast member according to the above, the circumferential end portions of the precast members adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction have substantially the same cross-sectional dimension in the ring axis direction, and at least one male knuckle joint surface. This is a case where the convex curved surface is engaged with the concave curved surface as the female knuckle joint surface.
[0033]
In the present invention, a joint having a fastening function is not required for the circumferential joint surface, but as will be described in detail later, a male and female knuckle joint having a knuckle joint surface does not resist rotation on the joint surface, The axial force in the direction can be transmitted through the knuckle joint surface.
[0034]
One male / female knuckle joint surface is usually provided in the longitudinal direction of the joint surface, but two or more may be used.
[0035]
  Claim5Claims4In the wall structure by the precast member according to the present invention, the knuckle joint of the circumferential joint surface of the precast member is from the one end of the circumferential joint surface to the center portion in the ring axial direction toward the central portion in the ring axial direction. Forming a male knuckle joint surface having at least one convex curved surface in which the height and / or width of the projecting portion gradually decreases, and the depth from the other end to the center in the ring axial direction toward the center of the ring And / or a case where a female knuckle joint surface having at least one concave curved surface whose width gradually decreases is formed.
  Here, the height and / or width of the protrusion gradually decreases when both the height and width of the protrusion gradually decrease, the height of the protrusion gradually decreases, but when the width is constant, the height of the protrusion This includes the case where the width is constant and the width gradually decreases. In addition, the depth and / or width of the groove portion gradually decreases when both the depth and width of the groove portion decrease gradually, but the depth of the groove portion decreases gradually, but when the width is constant, the depth of the groove portion is constant and the width. This includes the case of gradually decreasing.
[0036]
By providing a taper on the knuckle joint surface, the male and male knuckle joint surfaces act as guides to each other, and at the same time the new precast member is pushed in the ring axial direction, the precast members of the existing ring, or the new precast member As compared with the case of a parallel knuckle joint surface in which the cross-sectional shape does not change, it is possible to perform the pulling joint at the circumferential joint surface between the precast members adjacent in the direction more smoothly.
[0037]
In addition, the fact that the male knuckle joint surface and the female knuckle joint surface are provided at the center of the ring axial direction of one joint surface is because of the connection procedure when assembling the precast member in a ring shape. This is intended to facilitate the process.
[0038]
  Claim6Claims 1 to5In the wall structure by the precast member according to the above, a sealing material is interposed between the circumferential joint surfaces of the precast members adjacent in the circumferential direction, and the joint members provided on the ring joint surface are fitted in the circumferential direction. This is a case where the sealing material is pressed between the circumferential joint surfaces of the drawn precast member and is in close contact with the circumferential joint surface of the precast member.
[0039]
As described above, it is possible to ensure water-stopping on the joint surface by interposing a sealing material.
[0040]
  Claims of the present application7The joint of the precast member according to the above claim1A joint suitable for construction of a wall structure according to the present invention is provided, and is a joint of a precast member that forms a wall structure by staggering, and is disposed across two adjacent precast members. At least one pair of joint members embedded in the longitudinal direction intermediate portion of the joint surface of the precast member is connected in the longitudinal direction of the joint surface, and each of the pair of joint members is a joint of the two adjacent precast members. It is designed to be fitted with end joint members embedded at predetermined intervals from the respective longitudinal ends of the surface, and the axial center distance between the pair of coupled joint members connected together is It is characterized by being set relatively smaller than the axial center distance between the end joint members of the two adjacent precast members.
[0041]
  The effect that the distance between the axial centers before the coupling between the pair of connected joint members is set relatively smaller than the axial distance between the end joint members of the two adjacent precast members, and the material of the joint member Etc. claims1This invention is as described above.
[0042]
  Claim8Claims7In the joint of the precast member according to claim 1, the pair of joint members are connected by a plate-shaped steel material as a connecting material,9Is a case where the pair of joint members are integrally formed with the connecting member.
[0043]
  Claims of the present application7In the joint of the precast members according to the above, the axial center distance between the pair of connected joint members before fitting is relatively smaller than the axial center distance between the end joint members of the two adjacent precast members. Since it is set, a tensile force in the circumferential direction acts on the connecting member as a reaction force of the pulling force between the precast members when the joint members are joined by fitting.
[0044]
  Therefore, the material and form of the connecting material are not limited as long as they can resist the tensile force, but when using a joint member made of steel in particular, a steel plate may be used as the connecting material.IsForming integrally with the joint member is advantageous in terms of performance, reliability, and cost.
[0045]
  Claim10Claims7-9In the joint of the precast member according to the first aspect, the pair of joint members and the joint member of the two adjacent precast members are female joints, one of which is embedded inside the joint surface and opened to the joint surface, and the other is the joint surface A male joint embedded by protruding a predetermined amount from3It corresponds to the structure of
[0046]
  Claim11Claims7-10In the joint of the precast member according to claim 1, when at least one end surface of the connecting material is flush with the joint surface,12Is when the connecting material is buried inside the joint surface of the precast member.
[0047]
  Claim12In this case, particularly when a steel connecting material is embedded in concrete, there is an advantage that the processing such as rust prevention of the connecting material becomes unnecessary.
[0048]
  Claim13Claims7-10In the joint of the precast member according to the above, the cross-sectional shape of the portion that receives the shearing force of the male joint in the fitted state of the male joint and the female joint is a substantially rectangular shape or a substantially oval shape.
[0049]
Since the shear force on the ring joint surface is transmitted on the side of the fitting part between the male joint and female joint or these and the coupling material, the cross-sectional shape of this part should be as large as possible with a substantially rectangular or oblong shape. Transmission of shear force on the joint surface is smooth.
[0050]
  Claims of the present application14The joint of the precast member according to claim 12A joint suitable for construction of a wall structure according to the present invention is provided, and is a joint of a precast member that forms a wall structure by staggering, and is disposed across two adjacent precast members. At least one pair of joint members embedded in the longitudinal direction intermediate portion of the joint surface of the precast member is connected in the longitudinal direction of the joint surface, and each of the pair of joint members is a joint of the two adjacent precast members. The end joint members embedded at predetermined intervals from the respective longitudinal ends of the surfaces are fitted to each other, and one end surface of the paired joint members connected to each other is positioned on the joint surface. The coupling material is coupled in a state allowing a relative displacement within the range of the clearance by being fitted with a clearance in the longitudinal direction of the joint surface with respect to the fitting hole of the coupling material. And the end fitting A fitting convex part as a shear pressure receiving part formed on one of the materials and a fitting concave part as a shear pressure receiving part formed on the other are fitted to each other, so that the fitting convex part and the fitting The shear pressure in the longitudinal direction of the joint surface is transmitted on the surface of the shear pressure receiving portion that comes into contact with the joint recess, and the interval between the surfaces of the shear pressure receiving portion of the connecting material before fitting, that is, the fitting The interval between the positions where the convex portion and the fitting concave portion abut is set to be relatively smaller than the interval between the surfaces of the shear pressure receiving portions of the end joint member before fitting of the two adjacent precast members. It is characterized by this.
[0051]
  The effect of setting the interval between the surfaces of the shear pressure receiving portions of the connecting material before fitting relatively smaller than the interval between the surfaces of the shear pressure receiving portions of the end joint members of two adjacent precast members, the material of the joint member, etc. , Claims2It is as having described the invention which concerns on.
[0052]
  Claim14In this case, in the joined state, a circumferential tensile force acts on the connecting member as a reaction force of the pulling force between the precast members. The material and form of the connecting material are not limited, but when using a steel joint member, it is advantageous in terms of performance, reliability, cost, etc. to use a steel plate, spheroidal graphite cast iron, cast steel, etc. as the connecting material. is there.
[0053]
  Claim15Claims14In the joint of the precast member according to the first aspect, the pair of joint members and the joint member of the two adjacent precast members are female joints, one of which is embedded inside the joint surface and opened to the joint surface, and the other is the joint surface The joint between the pair of joint members before fitting and the axial center distance between the end joint members of the two adjacent precast members is substantially the same. This is a case in which they are set to match.
[0054]
  Claim14In the case of this type of joint, transmission of shear force in the ring joint surface circumferential direction is handled by the connecting material, and displacement of the pair of joint members connected by the connecting material is allowed by the clearance of the fitting hole portion of the connecting material. Therefore, it is not necessary to decenter between the end joint members of two adjacent precast members facing each other. Rather, by setting them so as to substantially match, a stable structure as a ring joint is obtained, and As for the direction, there is an advantage that an unreasonable force that affects adhesion with concrete does not act.
[0055]
  Claim16Claims7-15In the precast member joint according to the present invention, the end joint member is provided with an anchor portion in a circumferential direction or an oblique direction with respect to the circumferential surface for resisting a circumferential shear force received from the pair of joint members. Is the case.
[0056]
With respect to the end joint member, it is conceivable that a pulling force acts on the circumferential joint surface by fitting with the pair of joint members, and depending on the design, a large shearing force acts on the end joint member. In that case, it is possible to suppress deformation and slipping out by providing an anchor portion in an oblique direction.
[0057]
  Claim17Claims7-16In the joint of the precast member according to the above, the precast member is made of concrete, reinforced concrete, steel filled with concrete or ductile iron, and the pair of joint members and / or the connecting material in the concrete This is a case where the surface of the portion to be embedded is coated with a coating material having a strain absorbing function.
[0058]
  As will be described in detail later, by fitting the pair of joint members in a connected state, or14In this case, since the connecting member and the end joint member have a portion that directly fits, a tensile force acts on the connecting member, which may cause cracks in the concrete of the precast member. Claim17In the invention which concerns, by covering the surface of a connection material or a coupling member with the coating | coated material which has a distortion absorption function, adhesion with the concrete in that part can be cut off and the crack of concrete can be prevented.
[0059]
  In addition, it is necessary to coat | cover with a coating material, and it is a part which contact | connects concrete, It is not necessary to coat | cover the part etc. which were exposed to the joint surface. Moreover, since the anchor function is impaired by covering the anchor portion of the joint member, it is not covered or is covered in a range where the anchor function is not hindered. And claims14In this case, the joint member is not covered but only the connecting material is sufficient.
[0060]
  Claim18Claims7-17In the joint of the precast member according to the above, the precast member is made of concrete, reinforced concrete, or steel filled with concrete or ductile cast iron, and the pair of joint members connected to the concrete and / or the connecting material. Is a case where a displacement absorbing material is interposed at a position where the pressing force acts on the concrete by contacting with the longitudinal direction of the joint surface.
[0061]
  Claim17Then, it was decided that the tensile force acts on the connecting material by cutting the edge with the covering with the covering material, thereby preventing the concrete of the precast member from cracking. A part where a pair of joint members and concrete are in contact with each other in the longitudinal direction of the joint surface, that is, in the circumferential direction of the ring when precast members are assembled in a ring shape, and a pressing force acts between these members and the concrete. Since it is considered that cracks will occur in concrete from18Then, the occurrence of cracks was prevented by interposing a displacement absorber in the part where such pressing force acts.
[0062]
  Claims17Without coating with a coating material of18In some cases, a displacement absorber is interposed.
[0063]
As the displacement absorbing material, foamed resin with closed cells such as foamed urethane, foamed polyethylene, and polystyrene is suitable because of its ease of handling and its function, but it should be deformed while it is interposed between the connecting material or joint member and concrete. There is no particular limitation as long as it can absorb the displacement.
[0064]
In the present invention described above, as the precast member, the present invention mainly targets the segment for the shield method. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the reinforced concrete structure, the steel reinforced concrete structure, the steel-concrete composite structure, the steel filled with concrete is used. It can be applied to various structures such as the structure and spheroidal graphite cast iron structure, and precast members for various uses.
[0065]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described by taking a reinforced concrete segment (hereinafter referred to as “segment”) for a shield method as an example.
[0066]
Fig. 1 shows A segment 3 pieces (A1, A2, A3, 1 piece each), B segment 2 pieces (B1, B2, 2 pieces, 1 piece segment) and K segment 1 piece It is a segment assembly drawing in the case of constituting a ring.
[0067]
Fig. 1 (a) is an elevation view showing the assembly condition of one ring, Fig. 1 (b) is a development view when the ring of Fig. 1 (a) is staggered, and Fig. 1 (c) is Fig. 1 (c). It is the development which took out 1 ring of b) and showed the joint part of the circumferential direction a little apart. In the drawing, the circled numbers given to the segments represent the assembly order of the segments for each ring (the same applies to FIGS. 6 and 7).
[0068]
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the A2 segment shown in FIG. 1, in which the upper side is the well tunnel side of the shield tunnel and the lower side is the face side. The circumferential joint surface on the right side of the drawing has a female taper knuckle joint surface 41 whose half length on the wellhead side constitutes a knuckle joint, a male taper knuckle joint surface 31 whose half length is on the face side, or The left circumferential joint surface forms a male taper knuckle joint surface 31 for a half length of the wellhead side and a female taper knuckle joint surface 41 for a half length of the face side.
[0069]
Here, the knuckle joint refers to a concavo-convex butt joint that has substantially no resistance to rotation on the joint surface.
[0070]
In the present application, the male taper knuckle joint surface 31 is the center of the segment thickness at the center of the segment width (center in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel) with the largest protrusion width at the joint surface closest to the ring joint surface in the circumferential joint surface The protrusion width gradually decreases so that the protrusion width becomes the minimum in the vicinity, and the protrusion height from the joint surface is maximum at the position where the protrusion width is maximum and is minimum at the position where the protrusion width is minimum. A joint surface including a convex curved surface in which the cross-sectional shape is a semi-cylindrical convex cross section and the size of the semi-cylindrical convex cross-section gradually decreases or gradually increases in the tunnel longitudinal direction and a flat portion excluding the convex curved surface.
[0071]
The female taper knuckle joint surface 41 is a circumferential joint surface having a groove width at the joint surface closest to the ring joint surface and a segment thickness center at the center of the segment width (center in the tunnel longitudinal direction). The width of the groove gradually decreases so that the width of the groove is minimized, and the depth of the groove from the joint surface is maximized at the position where the width of the groove is maximized, and the width of the groove is minimized. This is a joint surface including a concave curved surface whose cross-sectional shape is a kamaboko-shaped concave cross section, which is the smallest at the position, and the size of the kamaboko-shaped concave cross section gradually decreases or gradually increases in the tunnel longitudinal direction, and a flat surface excluding the concave curved surface. .
[0072]
On the joint surface in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, male joints 11 and 11e are embedded in concrete on the wellhead side, and female joints 21 and 21e are embedded on the face side, respectively. Among them, the male joint 11 and the female joint 21 in the central portion are arranged as a pair by being provided with a required amount of separation in the circumferential direction and connected by the connecting material 1la and the connecting material 21a, respectively.
[0073]
Further, the male joint 11e and the female joint 21e at both ends are separated from each other by a required amount in the circumferential direction from the pair of male joints 11 and 11 and the female joints 21 and 21 at the center, and are close to the circumferential joint surface. Placed in position.
[0074]
Here, the required amount of separation means staggered segments as shown in FIG. 1 (b) so that joints in the tunnel longitudinal direction can be connected, that is, a pair of connected male and female joints. , Means a separation that is arranged at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
[0075]
Further, in FIG. 2, on the face side of the right joint surface, an insert 51 that is disposed obliquely with respect to the joint surface and is open to the joint surface is embedded, and the face side of the left joint surface is corresponding to this. Bolt holes 52 are formed in the joint surface in the tunnel longitudinal direction, and bolts 53 shown in FIG. 4 or 8 described later can be inserted.
[0076]
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the situation of the lower part during the assembly of the A2 segment after the A1 segment of the third ring is assembled, and the ring of FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the details.
[0077]
FIG. 5 is a perspective view in which the circumferential joint surface of the A1 segment and the A2 segment is developed.
[0078]
In FIG. 5, a half of the wellhead side of the circumferential joint surface of the assembled A1 segment with the A2 segment is a male whose intersection line between the convex arcuate portion and the joint plane portion gradually increases toward the wellhead side. The taper knuckle joint surface 31 is formed with a female taper knuckle joint surface 41 in which the line of intersection between the concave arcuate portion and the joint plane portion gradually decreases toward the wellhead side.
[0079]
Of the joint surface of the A2 segment to be joined to the A1 segment, a half of the wellhead side has a female taper knuckle joint surface 41 in which the line of intersection between the concave arcuate portion and the joint plane portion gradually increases toward the wellhead side. Each half of the face side forms a male tapered knuckle joint surface 31 in which the line of intersection between the convex arcuate portion and the joint plane portion gradually decreases toward the wellhead side.
[0080]
In FIG. 4 showing the situation in which the circumferential joint surfaces thus constructed are joined together, when the roughly positioned A2 segment is pushed to the wellhead side by an erector or jack, the male formed on the existing A1 segment joint surface The convex arcuate portion of the taper knuckle joint surface 31 and the concave arcuate portion of the female taper knuckle surface 41 enter as a guide, and the male joint 11e in the longitudinal direction of the segment is smoothly inserted into the female joint 21 of the existing ring. Will be.
[0081]
In FIG. 1, there are three types of A1, A2, and A3 depending on the arrangement of the convex arcuate portion of the male taper knuckle surface 31 and the concave arcuate portion of the female taper knuckle surface 41 formed on the circumferential joint surface of the A segment. A segment is required. On the other hand, FIG. 6 shows that the A segment can be configured by one type.
[0082]
That is, as shown in detail in FIG. 6 (d), a flat surface portion 54 is provided at the center portion in the longitudinal direction of the circumferential joint surface by the projection allowance hp from the ring joint surface of the male joint 11e and the assembly allowance α. This made it possible to improve productivity, economy and workability.
[0083]
1 and FIG. 6, the male joints 11 and 11 and the female joints 21 and 21 connected to the center in the circumferential direction of each segment are arranged one by one, whereas in FIG. Shows an example in which two sets are arranged, and one set is arranged for each K segment as in FIGS. 1 and 6, and if the staggered construction of the segments is possible depending on the tunnel cross-sectional dimensions and segment usage conditions, Arrangement is free.
[0084]
FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of FIGS. 1 to 7 in a state where the A segments are joined together or the A segments and the B segments are joined. The convex arcuate portion 31a and the concave arcuate portion 41a of the male and female tapered knuckle surfaces 31 and 41 are in contact with each other, but the flat portions 31b and 41b are convex so as to be joined with some gap. The height of the circular arc portion 31a and the depth of the concave circular arc portion 41a are set.
[0085]
As a result, the circumferential axial compression force acting on the segment ring is transmitted only through substantially the center of the segment thickness. That is, most of the deformation in the cross section of the segment ring due to soil, hydraulic load, etc. is caused by the rotation of the circumferential joint surface around the tunnel axis, but the segment ridge line due to line contact on the inner surface side or outer surface side caused by the rotation It is possible to avoid defects such as chipping at each of the corners and corners and occurrence of cracks by setting the gap.
[0086]
FIG. 9 shows the circumferential joint surface shown in FIG. 2 as a male tapered knuckle joint surface 32 having two convex arcuate portions 32a and a female tapered knuckle joint surface 42 having two concave arcuate portions 42a. It is an example configured. In this case, the right joint surface forms a male tapered knuckle joint surface 32 over the entire segment width in the tunnel longitudinal direction, and the left joint surface forms a female taper knuckle joint surface 42 over the entire segment width in the tunnel longitudinal direction. However, it goes without saying that a male tapered knuckle joint surface 32 and a female tapered knuckle joint surface 42 may be used in combination on one joint surface as shown in FIG.
[0087]
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the lower part during assembly of the segments shown in FIG. 9 in the same manner as FIG.
[0088]
As in the other illustrated embodiments, the insert 51 and the bolt hole 52 are provided on the face side of each segment 1, 1 a so as to communicate obliquely between adjacent segments when the segments are assembled. In addition, the face of the segment can be temporarily fixed by screwing the bolt 53 into the insert 51 through the bolt hole 52.
[0089]
The temporary fixing by the bolt 53 is usually unnecessary because a pulling force acts on the circumferential joint surface by assembling the next ring, but it can be left as a circumferential fastening member even after the assembly.
[0090]
11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the A segments shown in FIG. 9 or the A segment and the B segment joined together as in FIG. The convex arcuate portion 32a and the concave arcuate portion 42a of the male and female tapered knuckle surfaces 32 and 42 are in contact with each other, but the flat portions 32b and 42b are convex so as to be joined with some gap. The height of the circular arc portion 32a and the depth of the concave circular arc portion 42a are set.
[0091]
As a result, the circumferential axial compression force acting on the segment ring is transmitted only through the convex arcuate portion 32a and the concave arcuate portion 42a. That is, most of the deformation in the cross section of the segment ring due to soil, hydraulic load, etc. is caused by the rotation of the circumferential joint surface around the tunnel axis, but the segment ridge line due to line contact on the inner surface side or outer surface side caused by the rotation It is possible to avoid defects such as chipping at each of the corners and corners and occurrence of cracks by setting the gap.
[0092]
As a joint between rings in FIGS. 1 to 11 described above, a pair of male joints 11 and female joints 21 arranged at the center in the circumferential direction of the ring joint surface of each segment and a male joint 11e arranged at the end in the circumferential direction. The female joint 21e has a specific shape and structure as long as the male joint fits into the female joint between the adjacent segments 1 and 1a when the new segment 1a is pushed in the tunnel axis direction. Although not limited, as an example of such a structure, a structure as shown in FIGS. 29 to 32 can be used.
[0093]
That is, FIG. 29 is a perspective view of a joint portion showing a joining state of an example of a male and female joint applicable to the present invention, and FIG. 30 is a perspective view showing a positional relationship of the male and female joints before joining in the example of FIG. (Female joint is a cross section), FIG. 31 is a perspective view showing the positional relationship of the male and female joints being joined (female joint is a cross section), and FIG. 32 is a perspective view showing the positional relationship of the female and male joints when joining is complete (the female joint is a cross section) This corresponds to a state in which the connecting material used for one of the joints in the present invention is omitted. For convenience of explanation, reference numeral 11 is used for the male joint, and reference numeral 12 is used for the female joint, including the male joint 11e and the female joint 21e arranged at the circumferential end.
[0094]
As shown in FIG. 29, the male joint 11 includes an anchor portion 12 embedded in the segment 1 and a protruding portion 13 protruding from the side surface (joint surface) of the segment 1, and the protruding portion 13 has one step (not shown). ) Or a two-stage reduced diameter portion 14 is formed as shown. Further, the tip of the protruding portion 13 is processed into a tapered shape so that the centering can be smoothly performed (see FIG. 30).
[0095]
The illustrated male joint 11 is an example in which the tip of the deformed reinforcing bar is machined, but may be made of metal such as casting or forging, or made of reinforced plastic or ceramics.
[0096]
In the example shown in the figure, since the resistance force to the tensile force is expected from the adhesion force between the deformed reinforcing bar and the concrete, the concrete embedding portion as the anchor portion 12 has a rod shape with the same cross section, but it is obtained by casting or forging In the case of metal, reinforced plastic, ceramics, or the like, an enormous portion can be formed as in the illustrated rear end portion of the female joint 21 to ensure pulling resistance.
[0097]
As shown in FIG. 29, the female joint 21 is embedded with the anchor portion 22 so that the head portion 23 is positioned on the side surface of the segment 1, so that the protruding portion 13 of the male joint 11 can be coupled to the head portion 23. It has a hollow cylindrical shape that opens on the side of the segment 1.
[0098]
As with the male joint 11, the female joint 21 may be made of metal by casting or forging, reinforced plastic, ceramics, or the like.
[0099]
When the male joint 11 enters and joins the female joint 21, a corresponding number of annular grooves 24 are formed at positions corresponding to the reduced diameter portions 14 of the male joint 11. An annular spring 25 as an elastic member is set (see FIG. 30).
[0100]
In the female joint 21 shown in FIGS. 30 to 32, the first and second enlarged springs 27a and 27b are mounted on the first and second annular springs 25a and 25b, respectively.
[0101]
The enlarged diameter holder 27 (27a, 27b) has an outer diameter dimension slightly smaller than an inner diameter dimension of the female joint 21 and a tip portion formed in a taper shape. The annular groove 24 (24a, 27b) of the female joint 21 is formed. The annular spring 25 (25a, 25b) set to 24b) is held in an enlarged diameter.
[0102]
Further, the outer diameter dimension of the first enlarged diameter holder 27a is slightly smaller than the inner diameter dimension of the second enlarged diameter holder 27b that is formed hollow. In FIGS. 30 to 32, the first annular spring 25a and the second annular spring 25b are mounted with the respective enlarged diameter holders 27a and 27b. However, the first annular spring 25a and the second annular spring 25b are expanded. You may use the one diameter expansion holder which carries out diameter maintenance.
[0103]
The coupling process of this joint will be described with reference to FIGS. Assume that the segment is assembled so that the female joint 21 is disposed on the face side end face of the existing segment. And the segment which should be newly couple | bonded approaches from the face side of a tunnel toward a wellhead side, and aligns.
[0104]
At that time, the male joint 11 of the new segment has a protruding portion 13 protruding, and the protruding tip is tapered, so that positioning and insertion can be easily performed, and the tip of the male joint 11 is When entering the female joint 21, the alignment function works, and the perfect circle assembly performance of the segment is improved.
[0105]
Thereafter, when the segment is pushed by the jack, the protruding portion 13 of the male joint 11 is inserted into the female joint 21, and the first diameter-expanded holding tool 27 a in which the distal end portion of the male joint 11 is mounted inside the female joint 21. , The first annular spring 25a is released from the first diameter-expanding holder 27a, gets over the tapered surface at the tip of the male joint 11, and condenses to the first-stage reduced diameter portion (second reduced diameter portion) 14b. .
[0106]
In the present embodiment, the first enlarged diameter holding tool 27a is made slightly smaller in diameter than the second enlarged diameter holding tool 27b, and as the first enlarged diameter holding tool 27a is pushed in, the first enlarged diameter holding tool 27a is placed inside the second holding tool 27b. Stored (see FIG. 31).
[0107]
Further, when the segment is pushed by the jack, the distal end portion of the male joint 11 pushes in the second expanded diameter holding tool 27b in which the first expanded diameter holding tool 27a is accommodated, and the second annular spring 25b is expanded in the second diameter. It is released from the holder 27b, gets over the tapered surface at the tip of the male joint 11, and condenses to the first-stage reduced diameter portion (second reduced diameter portion) 14b, so that the first annular spring 25a becomes the second reduced diameter portion 14b. Overcoming the taper surface at the rear, it is condensed into a second-stage reduced diameter portion (first reduced diameter portion) 14a (see FIG. 32).
[0108]
In addition, the above is an example of the male joint and female joint which can be applied to the joint structure of this invention to the last, and is not limited to this.
[0109]
12 is a perspective view showing the details of part a in FIG. 3, that is, a pair of connected female joints 21 (only one side is shown) embedded in the face side joint surface at the center in the segment circumferential direction in FIG. And has a structure similar to that of the female joint 21 shown in FIGS. 29 to 32 described above.
[0110]
The pair of female joints 21 are connected and connected by the connecting member 21a so that the mouth end of the female joint 21 and the face side of the connecting member 21a are flush with the joint surface. In the example of FIG. 12, a connecting member 21 a having two holes drilled so as to be fitted to the outer periphery of the female joint 21 at a required interval is mounted on the outer periphery of the female joint 21.
[0111]
  FIG. 13 is an example in which the connecting member 21a is mounted somewhat closer to the wellhead side than the face side joint surface so that the connecting member 21a is buried in the concrete, and the connecting member 21a is not exposed to the joint surface. When the connecting material 21a is made of metal, it has a feature of excellent corrosion resistance. FIG. 14 is a partially cut perspective view of FIG. 13 (the annular spring is not shown), and the connecting member 21.aIs shown in the female joint 21.
[0112]
FIG. 15 shows another embodiment that replaces FIGS. 12 to 14, and is a female joint 21 in the case where an end male joint having the same shape as the male joint 11 shown in FIG. This is an example in which a connecting member 21 a in which two holes having a rectangular shape with a corner and a taper in the depth direction are formed at a necessary interval is fitted near the mouth of the female joint 21. In this case, the face side of the connecting member 21a is disposed so as to be flush with the joint surface, and the mouth of the female joint 21 is located somewhat deeper than the joint surface. FIG. 16 is a partially cut perspective view of FIG. 15 (the annular spring is not shown), and shows a state in which the connecting member 21 a is fitted to the female joint 21.
[0113]
FIG. 17 is the same as FIG. 15 except that the shape of the two holes is an oval shape. 18 is a partially cut perspective view of FIG. 17 (the annular spring is not shown), and shows a state in which the connecting member 21a is fitted to the female joint 21. FIG.
[0114]
As described above, each of the connecting members 21a shown in FIGS. 12 to 18 is manufactured separately from the female joint 21 and is inserted into one set of two female joints 21 to form one set of female joints. However, the connecting member and the female joint may be integrally formed by casting or the like to form a set of female joints.
[0115]
In addition, the connecting material 21a and the female joint 21 shown in FIGS. 12 to 18 are soft on the entire outer peripheral surface or the surface of the range shown by hatching in FIG. 12 (excluding the anchor portion 22). And coated with a material having high ductility or plasticity.
[0116]
Various coating materials such as urethane and synthetic rubber can be used as the coating material, and the coating material can be easily coated by a method such as brushing, spraying or soaking. Further, various materials having high plasticity such as oil clay may be compression-molded on the connecting material 21 a or the female joint 21. It is also possible to use a heat-shrinkable tube.
[0117]
That is, any material may be used as long as the material generated by the expansion is not transmitted to the concrete when the connection material 21a is stretched by the circumferential tensile force generated in the connection material 21a as will be described later. .
[0118]
19 is a perspective view showing details of the portion b in FIG. 3, that is, a perspective view showing the end female joint 21e embedded in the face side joint surface of the segment circumferential direction end in FIG.
[0119]
An end integrally provided with an anchor portion 22 extending in the tunnel axis direction for resisting a tensile force acting in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and an anchor portion 22s extending in an oblique direction for resisting a shearing force acting in the circumferential direction It is a perspective view which shows the part female joint 21e, this edge part female joint 21e is joined with the male joint 11 shown in FIG. 21, and the surface which receives shearing force is the cylindrical surface of the head 23. FIG.
[0120]
On the other hand, FIG. 20 shows a female joint provided with an anchor portion 22s similar to FIG. 19, with the surface receiving the shearing force being a corner-cut rectangular taper surface, similar to FIGS.
[0121]
In addition, you may abbreviate | omit the anchor part 22s extended in the diagonal direction as shown in FIG. 3 according to the scale of a tunnel and the load which acts on a segment.
[0122]
FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing details of part c in FIG. 3, that is, a pair of connected male joints 11 (shown only on one side) embedded in the well-joint side of the central portion in the circumferential direction of the segment in FIG. Is a partially cut perspective view of the male joint 11 shown in FIGS. 29 to 32 described above.
[0123]
The male joint 11 is a joint that is coupled to the end female joint 21e shown in FIG. 19, and a pair of male joints 11 are connected by a connecting member 11a that is disposed so that the well-side surface is flush with the joint surface. In the example of FIG. 21, a connecting member 11 a having two cylindrical holes drilled so as to be fitted to the outer periphery of the male joint 11 at a required interval is attached to the outer periphery of the male joint 11. This is an example.
[0124]
FIG. 22 is a joint coupled to the end female joint 21e shown in FIG. 20, and a pair of male joints 11 are connected by a connecting member 11a arranged so that the side surface of the wellhead is flush with the joint surface. In the example of FIG. 22, a connecting member 11 a having two corner-cut rectangular column-shaped holes drilled so as to be fitted to the outer periphery of the male joint 11 at a predetermined interval on the outer periphery of the male joint 11. It is the mounted | wearing Example.
[0125]
Similar to the female joint 21 shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the connecting material 11 a shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 is attached to the face side somewhat from the joint surface so as to be buried in the concrete, and the joint surface of the connecting material 11 a It is possible to avoid the exposure from the metal and to improve the corrosion resistance when the connecting material 11a is made of metal.
[0126]
Each of the connecting members 11a shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 is manufactured separately from the male joint 11. However, the connecting member and the male joint are integrally formed by casting or the like to form a pair of male members. It is good also as a coupling.
[0127]
23 is a perspective view showing details of the portion d in FIG. 3, that is, a perspective view showing the end male joint 11e embedded in the well-end joint surface of the segment circumferential direction end in FIG.
[0128]
A shaft anchor portion 12 extending in the tunnel axial direction for resisting a tensile force acting in the tunnel longitudinal direction and an anchor bar 12c extending in an oblique direction for resisting a shearing force acting in the circumferential direction are welded or the like. FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a joined end male joint 11e, and a surface that is joined to the female joint 21 shown in FIG. 12 or 13 and receives a shearing force is a cylindrical surface.
[0129]
In FIG. 24, the cross-sectional shape of the surface that receives the shearing force is a rectangular rectangle with a taper in the axial direction, and the anchor portion 12s extending in the oblique direction for resisting the shearing force acting in the circumferential direction is an axial anchor. FIG. 17 is a perspective view of an end male joint 11 e formed integrally with the part 12, and is coupled to the female joint 21 of FIGS. 15 and 16.
[0130]
Although not shown, the cross-sectional shape that receives the shearing force of the male joint 11 shown in FIGS. 22 and 24 is the same as the shape of the surface that receives the shearing force of the female joint 21 shown in FIGS. Needless to say, an oval shape having a taper may be used.
[0131]
The connecting material 11a and the male joint 11 shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 are the same as the connecting material 21a and the female joint 21 shown in FIGS. The surface in the range indicated by hatching in FIG. 21 is coated with various soft and ductile paint materials, or with various plastic materials such as oil clay, or a heat shrinkable tube is used. . As with the female joint 21, as will be described later, when the connecting member 11a is stretched by the circumferential tensile force generated in the connecting member 11a, any material can be used as long as the strain generated by the extension is hardly transmitted to the concrete. Any material is acceptable.
[0132]
As shown in FIG. 3, the male joints 11 and 11e and the female joints 21 and 21e described above are coupled to the joint and the axial center distance Lmc of the portion that receives the shearing force of the male joint 11 disposed at the center. The former is set relatively narrow with respect to the latter with respect to the axial center distance Lfe of the portion that receives the shearing force of the female joint 21e after the assembly of the left and right female joints 21e disposed at the end.
[0133]
Similarly, the male joint 11e after the assembly of the left and right male joints 11e disposed at the ends coupled to the joints and the axial center interval Lfc of the portion that receives the shearing force of the female joint 21 disposed at the center is completed. The axial center distance Lme of the portion that receives the shearing force is set so that the former is relatively narrower than the latter.
[0134]
Next, the joint coupling method will be described. The coupling process and coupling state of the joint in the first embodiment are shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3, and FIG. 3 and 4, the segment 1 is assembled so that female joints 21 and 21e are arranged on the end face on the axial face side of the existing segment 1.
[0135]
Then, the segment 1a to be newly joined is brought close to the tunnel face side from the tunnel face side to perform alignment. At that time, since the male joints 11 and 11e of the new segment 1a partially protrude and the protruding tip is tapered, positioning and insertion can be easily performed, and the male joints 11 and 11e can be easily operated. The centering function works when the tip part enters the female joints 21e, 21, and the perfect circle assembly performance of the segment is improved.
[0136]
Thereafter, when the segment is pushed by the jack, the male and female tapered knuckle joint surfaces 31 and 41 of the circumferential joint surface serve as guides in the normal direction, and smooth entry is possible. Further, when the approach further progresses, the movement in the circumferential direction and the movement in the tunnel axis direction that the new segment 1a is attracted to the existing segment 1 occur simultaneously.
[0137]
In the state where the new segment 1a is pressed against the existing segment ring, the new segment 1a is pressed against the existing segment 1 by the structure of the male and female joints as shown in FIG. The intermediate sealing material (attached to the seal groove 61 in FIG. 4) is compressed, so that the segments can be fastened together without fastening the left and right segments in the circumferential direction, and at the same time, the water stoppage can be secured.
[0138]
At the same time, the face side circumferential joint surface of the existing segment ring located behind the new segment 1a is fastened by a set of male joints 11 embedded in the center of the new segment 1a. It is possible to secure the tightness of the joint surface in the circumferential direction and the water stoppage.
[0139]
The fastening state of such a male and female joint is shown in FIGS. FIG. 25 is a partial cross-sectional detail view showing details of the portion e of FIG. 3, and is an example in which FIG. 19 is adopted for the end female joint 21e and FIG.
[0140]
The axes of the tensile resistance portion, the shear force receiving portion, and the anchor shaft portion of the male joint 11 employed in FIG. 25 are all the same. Similarly, the axes of the tensile resistance portion, the shear force receiving portion, and the anchor shaft portion of the female joint 21 employed in FIG. 25 are all the same.
[0141]
In this embodiment, since the segment ring is an example of a circle, the angle should be originally displayed. However, in order to simplify the explanation, the explanation will be given as a case where the segment ring is developed in a plane, that is, an assembly of lithographic segments. The dimensions of each part developed on a plane are as follows.
[0142]
Lfe: Set axis spacing after completion of assembly of end female joint
Lfe1: Set distance from the circumferential joint surface to the end female joint axis
Lmc: Center axis setting for the center male joint
Cs: Set residual clearance after compression of seal material on circumferential joint surface
Df: Inner diameter of the shear pressure receiving part of the female joint
Dm: Outer diameter of the shear pressure receiving part of the male joint
[0143]
Here, when the male joint 11 is mounted on the female joint 21e and the seal material on the circumferential joint surface is compressed and the residual clearance becomes Cs (see FIG. 25 (b)), the shear force of the male joint 11 is reached. The positional relationship between the pressure receiving surface and the shear force receiving surface of the female joint 21e is in contact with the p portion of FIG. 25 and separated with the q portion. Therefore, the following relational expression is established.
[0144]
Lfe = Lmc + (Df-Dm)
Lfe1 = (Lfe-Cs) / 2
That is, if Df, Dm, Lmc and Cs are set, Lfe1 can be determined from the above equation.
[0145]
In other words, if the joint with the above dimensions is used, when the new segment 1a is inserted and joined to the existing segment ring as shown in FIG. 3, the new segment 1a and the adjacent segment are joined in the circumferential direction. The joint surface with the existing segment 1 and the two existing segments 1 and 1 to which the new segment 1a is joined in the tunnel direction (the joint surface between the A2 segment and the B1 segment of the second segment ring in FIG. The sealing material is compressed leaving Cs, and the required initial fastening force is introduced to the joint surface (see the white push and tightening arrows in FIG. 3).
[0146]
FIG. 26 is a partial cross-sectional detail view showing details of part f in FIG. 3, and is an example in which the female joint 21 of FIG. 12 and the male joint 11e of FIG. 23 are employed. The axes of the tensile resistance portion, the shear force receiving portion, and the anchor shaft portion of the male joint 11e employed in FIG. 26 are all the same. Similarly, the axes of the tensile resistance portion, the shear force receiving portion, and the anchor shaft portion of the female joint 21 employed in FIG. 26 are all the same.
[0147]
As in the case of FIG. 25, the dimensions of each part developed in a plane are as follows.
[0148]
Lme: Set axis spacing after assembly of end male joint
Lme1: Set distance from the circumferential joint surface to the end male joint axis
Lfc: Center axis setting of center female joint
Cs: Set residual clearance after compression of seal material on circumferential joint surface
Df: Inner diameter of the shear pressure receiving part of the female joint
Dm: Outer diameter of the shear pressure receiving part of the male joint
[0149]
Here, when the male joint 11e of the new segment 1a is attached to the female joint 21 of the existing segment ring and the sealing material on the circumferential joint surface of the existing segment ring is compressed and its residual clearance becomes Cs, The positional relationship between the shear force pressure receiving surface of the joint 11e and the shear force pressure receiving surface of the female joint 21 is in contact with the portion p in FIG. 26 and separated from the portion q. Therefore, the following relational expression is established.
[0150]
Lme = Lfc + (Df-Dm)
Lme1 = (Lme-Cs) / 2
That is, if Df, Dm, Lfc and Cs are set, Lme1 can be determined from the above equation.
[0151]
In other words, if the joint having the above-described dimensions is used, when the new segment 1a is inserted and joined to the existing segment ring, the face side joint surface of the existing segment ring leaves a residual clearance Cs and is sealed. And the required initial fastening force is introduced into the joint surface.
[0152]
FIG. 27 is a partial cross-sectional detail view of another example showing the details of the part e in FIG. 3 as in FIG. 25. When the female joint 21e shown in FIG. 20 and the male joint 11 shown in FIG. It is. Now, if each axis is expressed as follows, in the present embodiment, the Y1-Y1 axis, the Y2-Y2 axis, and the Y3-Y3 axis coincide with each other in the female joint 21e, and in the male joint 11, the X1-X1 axes are Y1-Y1. Axis, Y2-Y2 axis, Y3-Y3 axis.
[0153]
The X2-X2 axis coincides with the X3-X3 axis, and these are located on the right side of the Y1-Y1 axis, the Y2-Y2 axis, and the Y3-Y3 axis in FIG. At this time, p1 part contacts and q1 part
It is separated. Further, the u1 part and the u2 part have the same gap.
[0154]
Y1-Y1 axis: Axial line of female joint shear force receiving part
Y2-Y2 axis: Axis of the cylindrical part at the back from the shearing pressure receiving part of the female joint
Y3-Y3 axis: Axle of female joint anchor
X1−X1 axis: Axis of male joint end locking part
X2-X2 axis: Axis of male joint shear force receiving part
X3-X3 axis: Axle of male joint anchor
[0155]
FIG. 25 shows the male joint 11 in which the pressure receiving cross section of the shearing force is a solid circular cross section, but in this embodiment, the pressure receiving cross section of the male joint 11 has a larger corner-cut rectangular cross section. It is possible to provide a joint capable of introducing an initial fastening force in the circumferential direction and withstanding an external load.
[0156]
Moreover, although detailed description is abbreviate | omitted, it is not necessary to say other words that reliable fastening is obtained by setting a joint space | interval by the method similar to FIG.
[0157]
FIG. 28 is a partial cross-sectional detail view of another example showing the details of the part f of FIG. 3 as in FIG. 26. When the female joint 21 shown in FIG. 15 and the male joint 11e shown in FIG. It is. Now, if each axis is defined in the same manner as in FIG. 26, the same can be said for each axis, with contact at the p1 portion and separation at the q1 portion, and the u1 and u2 portions having the same gap. It can be seen that the configuration is established.
[0158]
In FIG. 3, when the A2 segment is joined to the existing segment ring, the joining of the male and female joints and the tightening in the circumferential direction as shown in FIGS. A circumferential shearing force as shown in FIG.
[0159]
The shearing force extends in the circumferential direction of the connecting member 11a that connects the pair of male joints 11 and 11 and the connecting member 21a that connects the pair of female joints 21 and 21, respectively, embedded in the center in the circumferential direction. Since it acts as a tensile force T to be generated, as shown in FIG. 33, cracks are likely to occur in the concrete at the center of the connecting member (the connecting member 11 a to the male joint 11 in FIG. 33), and at the same time, an external force that bypasses the adjacent segment Therefore, there is an increase in the amount of reinforcing bars, which may lead to a decrease in economic efficiency.
[0160]
Therefore, in order to avoid these adverse effects, if the above-described covering material is covered on the male and female joints embedded in the central portion in the circumferential direction of the segment, the connecting materials 11a and 21a that receive a tensile force in the circumferential direction are connected to this. Even if the interval between the male and female joints 11 and 21 is increased, the displacement is absorbed by the covering material, so that the occurrence of cracks in the concrete can be prevented, and water stopping and durability can be improved. Not only is this possible, but transmission of external force can also be avoided, so that an increase in the amount of reinforcing bars is not required, so that an economical segment can be provided.
[0161]
In FIG. 34, the shearing force Q acting on the joint surface with the adjacent segment in the circumferential direction during assembly of the A2 segment is indicated by an arrow. This shearing force Q acts in the same way after the completion of joining, and the knuckle joint resists this shearing force Q, so that shear deviation is prevented and effective for smooth and efficient construction of the segment ring assembled in the next process. Become.
[0162]
  FIG. 35 shows still another embodiment of the present invention (claims).2, 14FIG. 36 is a perspective view showing the lower state during the assembly of the segment shown in FIG. 35 in the same manner as in FIGS. 3 and 10.
[0163]
FIG. 37 is a perspective view in which the circumferential joint surfaces of the segments are developed as in FIG. 5. Also in the case of FIG. 37, the half joint side half of the circumferential joint surface of the segment 1 on the left side in the drawing is a male taper knuckle in which the line of intersection between the convex arcuate portion and the joint plane portion gradually increases toward the well head side. The joint surface 31 is formed with a female tapered knuckle joint surface 41 in which the intersection line between the concave arcuate portion and the joint plane portion gradually decreases toward the wellhead side.
[0164]
Of the joint surfaces of the segment 1a on the right side in the figure to be joined to this, one half of the wellhead side is a female taper knuckle joint in which the line of intersection between the concave arcuate portion and the joint plane portion gradually increases toward the wellhead side. Half of the face 41 forms a male tapered knuckle joint surface 31 in which the line of intersection between the convex arcuate portion and the joint flat portion gradually decreases toward the wellhead side.
[0165]
In such a configuration, when the newly positioned segment 1a roughly positioned is pushed into the wellhead side by an erector or jack, the convex arcuate portion of the male tapered knuckle joint surface 31 formed on the joint surface of the existing segment 1 and The concave arcuate portion of the female tapered knuckle surface 41 enters as a guide, and the male joint 11e in the longitudinal direction of the segment is smoothly inserted into the female joint 21 of the existing ring.
[0166]
By the way, in the example shown in FIG. 21 described above, in order to avoid the occurrence of cracks due to the tensile force T acting on the connecting member 11a as shown in FIG. The surface of the portion of the connected male joints 11, 11 and the connecting material 11a embedded in the concrete is coated with a coating material having a strain absorbing function (the connected set of female joints). The same applies to 21 and 21 and the connecting member 21a).
[0167]
However, it is not always easy to apply a uniform coating on the surface of the joint member. If the cracks can be reliably avoided without covering the surfaces of a pair of connected joint members, the joint member is Improvements in manufacturability and economy can be expected.
[0168]
The embodiment shown in FIGS. 35 to 51 realizes this, and the details will be described below.
[0169]
38 to 44 show a pair of male joints 11 and 11 having a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction of the ring joint surfaces connected by the connecting material 11a, and ends where these male joints 11 and 11 are fitted. This shows the engagement with the female joints 21e and 21e and details of each member.
[0170]
The male joint 11 shown in FIG. 38 is inserted into the fitting holes 71 formed at both ends of the connecting member 11a shown in FIG. 39, so that the relative displacement in the ring circumferential direction is possible with respect to the connecting member 11a. Connected.
[0171]
That is, the fitting hole 71 of the connecting member 11a is a horizontally long hole extending in the ring circumferential direction (the axial direction of the connecting member 11a) as shown in the figure, and a ring is formed between the connecting member 11a and the connecting member 11a. Sufficient play is generated in the circumferential direction.
[0172]
On the other hand, in the direction perpendicular to the ring circumferential direction (segment thickness direction), the distance dm1 between the outer surfaces of the upper and lower seat portions 15 in FIG. In FIG. 39A of the fitting hole 71 of the connecting member 11a, it is substantially equal to the interval dm0 between the flat portions positioned above and below, and a slight margin for enabling fitting is provided.
[0173]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 39 (b) and (c), the side of the connecting member 11a located on the ring joint surface is decentered with respect to the axis of the fitting hole 71 outside the fitting hole 71 at both ends. A protruding portion is formed as the fitting projection 72.
[0174]
FIG. 40 shows an end female joint 21e to which the protruding portion 13 of the male joint 11 in the present embodiment is coupled. The fitting convex portion of the connecting material 11a is formed on the ring joint surface side of the head 23. A fitting recess 73 into which 72 is fitted is formed.
[0175]
The fitting convex portion 72 and the fitting concave portion 73 have a taper for facilitating fitting, and the fitting convex portion 72 and the fitting concave portion 73 are fitted while being attracted by the tapered surface. It becomes a shear pressure receiving part which transmits the shear force of the ring circumferential direction between the female joints 21e.
[0176]
FIG. 44 shows an example of these relationships and dimensional relationships (see also FIG. 39).
[0177]
In this example, a pair of male joints 11 (only one side is shown in FIG. 44), the protruding portion 13 serving as a tensile resistance portion, the axis of each part of the anchor portion 12 (collectively indicated by X), and the end female joint 21e The axes 23 (collectively indicated by Y) of the shaft 23 of the coupling member 11e are aligned by matching the head 23 that is the tensile resistance portion, the fitting recess 73 as the shear pressure receiving portion, and the shaft portion of the anchor portion 22 together. Only Z is decentered from the axes X and Y. In the drawing, since the eccentricity of the axis is exaggerated in the drawing, the axis is not necessarily centered.
[0178]
The dimensions of each part are as follows.
[0179]
Lfe: Set axis spacing after completion of assembly of end female joint
Lfe1: Set distance from the circumferential joint surface to the end female joint axis
Lmc: Set center axis male joint interval (= Lfe)
Cs: Set residual clearance after compression of seal material on circumferential joint surface
Df: inner diameter of the shear pressure receiving part (fitting recess) of the female joint
Dm: outer diameter of the shear pressure receiving part (fitting convex part) of the male joint connecting plate
(However, since the shear pressure receiving portion is a tapered surface, Df and Dm are not strictly constant, but for the sake of explanation, the taper is ignored and explained.)
[0180]
Here, when the male joint 11 is attached to the end female joint 21e and the sealing material of the circumferential joint surface is compressed and the residual clearance becomes Cs, the shear pressure receiving surface of the male joint 11 and the female joint 21e. The positional relationship with the shearing force pressure receiving surface is in contact with the p1 portion of FIG. 44 and separated with the q1 portion.
[0181]
At this time,
Lfe1 = (Lfe-Cs) / 2
Are in a relationship. Further, the separation distance (gap) in the q1 portion is Df−Dm, and the eccentric distance between the axes X and Y and the axis Z is
(Df-Dm) / 2
It has become.
[0182]
If the joint of the above dimensions set in this way is used, when the new segment 1a is inserted and coupled to the existing segment ring as shown in FIG. 36, the new segment 1a and the existing segment 1 joined in the circumferential direction adjacent to the new segment 1a The joint surface between the two existing segments 1 and 1 (segments 1 and 1 of the second segment ring in FIG. 36) to which the new segment 1a is joined in the tunnel direction is sealed with a residual clearance Cs. The material is compressed and the required initial fastening force is introduced into the joint surface.
[0183]
Further, at this time, a tensile force acts on the connecting material 11a and the connecting material 11a tries to expand, but the portion where the connecting material 11a and concrete are pressed by the extension is displaced as shown in FIG. By attaching the absorbing material 74, the extension displacement can be absorbed, and the connecting surface of the connecting material 11a with the concrete is covered with a covering material as described with reference to FIG. Can be easily cut off. As the displacement absorber 74, urethane foam, polyethylene foam, polystyrene foam, and other materials having elasticity can be used.
[0184]
In this case, the male joint 11 is affected by the expansion of the coupling material 11a because the large gap is provided in the ring circumferential direction so that the fitting hole 71 does not contact the male coupling 11 even when the coupling material 11a is expanded. There is no. Therefore, the coating of the male joint 11 as shown by hatching in FIG. 21 is unnecessary, and improvement in manufacturability and economy can be expected.
[0185]
41 and 42 are perspective views from the joint surface side and from the back surface side in a state where the male joint 11 is passed through the fitting hole 71 at the end of the connecting member 11a. FIG. 43 is a perspective view from the joint surface side of the end female joint 21e.
[0186]
45 to 51 show a pair of female joints 21 and 21 spaced at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction of the ring joint surfaces connected by the connecting member 21a, and ends where these female joints 21 and 21 are fitted. This shows details of the mating with the male joints 11e and 11e and each member.
[0187]
The female joint 21 shown in FIG. 45 is connected by fitting into a fitting hole 81 having a predetermined depth formed on the back side (opposite side of the joint surface) of both ends of the connecting member 21a shown in FIG. It is connected to the material 21a in a state that allows relative displacement in the ring circumferential direction.
[0188]
That is, the fitting hole 81 of the connecting member 21a is a horizontally long hole extending in the ring circumferential direction (the axial direction of the connecting member 21a) as shown in the figure, and a ring is provided between the fitting member 21a. Sufficient play is generated in the circumferential direction.
[0189]
On the other hand, in the direction orthogonal to the ring circumferential direction (segment thickness direction), in FIG. 45 (a) provided in the head 23 of the female joint 21, the distance df1 between the outer surfaces of the seats 29 positioned above and below is the same. 46 (a) of the fitting hole 81 of the connecting member 21a is substantially equal to the interval df0 between the flat portions positioned above and below, so that a slight allowance for fitting can be provided.
[0190]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 46 (b) and 46 (c), on the side located on the ring joint surface of the connecting member 21a, a fitting recess 83 that is eccentric with respect to the shafts of the fitting holes 81 at both ends is formed. Has been.
[0191]
FIG. 47 shows the end male joint 11e coupled to the female joint 21 in the present embodiment, and a fitting convex part 82 having a taper is formed at the base of the protruding part 13 coupled to the female joint 21. Thus, it is adapted to be fitted into the fitting recess 83 of the female joint 21.
[0192]
Since the fitting convex portion 82 and the fitting concave portion 83 are tapered, the fitting convex portion 82 and the fitting concave portion 83 are fitted while being pulled by the tapered surface, and in the fitted state, the tapered surface is between the connecting member 21a and the end male joint 11e. The shear pressure receiving part transmits shearing force in the ring circumferential direction.
[0193]
FIG. 51 shows an example of these relationships and dimensional relationships (see also FIG. 46).
[0194]
In this example, a pair of female joints 21 (only one side is shown in FIG. 51), the head 23 serving as a tensile resistance part, the axis of each part of the anchor part 22 (collectively indicated by Y), and the end male joint 11e The projection 13 which is the tensile resistance portion, the fitting convex portion 82 as the shear pressure receiving portion, and the axes of the shaft portions of the anchor portion 12 (collectively indicated by X) are matched to each other, and the axis of the fitting concave portion 83 of the connecting member 21e. Only Z is decentered from the axes X and Y. In the drawing, since the eccentricity of the axis is exaggerated in the drawing, the axis is not necessarily centered.
[0195]
The dimensions of each part are as follows.
[0196]
Lme: Set axis spacing after assembly of end male joint
Lme1: Set distance from the circumferential joint surface to the end male joint axis
Lfc: Center axis set joint spacing (= Lme)
Cs: Set residual clearance after compression of seal material on circumferential joint surface
Df: Inner diameter of the shear pressure receiving part (fitting recess) of the connecting plate
Dm: outer diameter of the shear pressure receiving part (fitting convex part) of the male joint
(However, since the shear pressure receiving portion is a tapered surface, Df and Dm are not strictly constant, but for the sake of explanation, the taper is ignored and explained.)
[0197]
Here, when the end male joint 11e of the new segment 1a is attached to the female joint 21 of the existing segment ring, the seal material on the circumferential joint surface of the existing segment ring is compressed, and the residual clearance becomes Cs. The positional relationship between the shear force pressure receiving surface of the end male joint 11e and the shear force pressure receiving surface of the female joint 21 is in contact at the p2 portion in FIG. 51 and separated from the q2 portion.
[0198]
At this time,
Lme1 = (Lme-Cs) / 2
Are in a relationship. In addition, the separation distance (gap) in the q2 portion is Df−Dm, and the eccentric distance between the axes X and Y and the axis Z is
(Df-Dm) / 2
It has become.
[0199]
If the joint of the above dimensions set in this way is used, when the new segment 1a is inserted and coupled to the existing segment ring as shown in FIG. 36 (position h in FIG. 36), the new segment 1a and the circumferential direction next to it are adjacent. The joint surface with the existing segment 1 joined to the surface and the face side joint surface of the two existing segments 1 and 1 where the new segment 1a is joined in the tunnel direction are compressed by the sealing material leaving the residual clearance Cs. The required initial fastening force is introduced into the joint surface.
[0200]
At this time, a tensile force acts on the connecting member 21a and the connecting member 21a tries to expand. By attaching a displacement absorbing member 84 to a portion where the connecting member 21a and the concrete are pressed by the extension. The extension displacement can be absorbed, and the connecting material 21a and the concrete can be easily cut off by covering the contact surface of the connecting material 21a with the concrete with the coating material as described above.
[0201]
Furthermore, since the fitting hole 81 is provided with a large gap so that the fitting hole 81 does not come into contact with the female joint 21 even when the connecting member 21a is extended, the female joint 21 is affected by the extension of the connecting member 21a. There is no. Therefore, the covering of the female joint 21 similar to that shown by hatching in FIG. 21 is unnecessary, and improvement in manufacturability and economy can be expected.
[0202]
48 and 49 are perspective views from the back side and the joint surface side in a state where the female joint 21 is passed through the fitting hole 81 at the end of the connecting member 21a, respectively. FIG. 50 is a perspective view from the back side of the end male joint 11e.
[0203]
As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was demonstrated about the reinforced concrete segment for shield methods, the precast member used as the application object of this invention is not limited to this, steel-framed reinforced concrete structure, steel concrete composite structure, steel filled with concrete Of course, it can be applied to segments such as steel structures and spheroidal graphite cast iron structures, and can also be applied to various plate-like or block-like precast members other than segments, and the joining direction is not particularly limited, It is optional depending on the application.
[0204]
【The invention's effect】
The wall structure and joint of the invention of the present application have a joint member in the circumferential direction in the joint member in the axial direction of the circumferentially closed wall body such as a shield tunnel, shaft, outer wall, etc., and joint fittings etc. are provided on the joint surface in the circumferential direction. It is a structure that is not required, and it is possible to improve the efficiency of precast member joining work in construction, improve workability, make the precast member surface free from defects, and improve economy.
[0205]
Moreover, when using it for a shield tunnel or a shaft as a type in which the male and female joints are embedded in the precast member main body, the secondary lining can be omitted by forming the inner surface smoothly.
[0206]
In addition, basically, by simply pressing the precast members, the joints between the precast members can be completed, and no accessories such as bolts are required, so that assembly can be automated and labor saving. The time can be greatly reduced and the work safety is high.
[0207]
  Claim1, Claims7In the invention according to the above, the axial center distance between the pair of joint members connected by the connecting material before the fitting is the axial center distance between the end joint members of the two precast members of the adjacent rings fitted with the pair of joint members. By being set relatively smaller, it is possible to reliably apply a pulling force in the circumferential direction when these are fitted.6By using together with a sealing material or the like, water-stopping performance at the joint surface is also ensured.
[0208]
  Claims2, Claims14In the invention according to claim1, Claims7As in the case of the above, the connected pair of joint members do not draw the end joint members of the two adjacent precast members, but the connecting material draws the end joint members together. The pair of joint members connected by the material are allowed to be displaced relative to the connection material in the circumferential direction of the ring joint surface within the range of the clearance, and the connection member and the end joint member are fitted between the shear pressure receiving portions. By this, the end joint members are drawn together.
[0209]
  That is, the interval between the shear pressure receiving surface of the connecting material before fitting is set to be relatively smaller than the interval between the shear pressure receiving surface of the end joint members of the two adjacent precast members. There is an advantage that the reaction force for drawing is generated in the connecting material portion, and the reaction force is not generated for drawing between the pair of connected joint members and the concrete. Again, the claims6The combined use with a sealing material or the like ensures water-stopping at the joint surface.
[0210]
  Claim4In the invention which concerns, by using a knuckle joint together with a circumferential direction joint surface, the axial force of the circumferential direction can be reliably transmitted, allowing rotation in a joint surface, and a rational wall body structure can be implement | achieved.
[0211]
  Claim5In the invention which concerns, by providing a taper in a knuckle joint surface, the male and male knuckle joint surfaces play a role of a guide mutually, and the drawing joining in the circumferential direction joint surface of a precast member can be performed smoothly.
[0212]
  Claim12In the invention which concerns, since a connection material is buried inside the joint surface of a precast member, processing, such as rust prevention, is unnecessary in the case of a steel connection material.
[0213]
  Claim13In the invention according to the above, the cross-sectional shape of the portion of the male joint that receives the shearing force is substantially rectangular or substantially oval, and the shearing force is smoothly transmitted on the joint surface by making the cross section as large as possible.
[0214]
  Claim16In the invention which concerns, by providing the anchor part of the diagonal direction about an edge part joint member, the deformation | transformation and pull-out at the time of fitting with a pair of joint member connected with the connection material can be suppressed effectively. .
[0215]
  Claim17In the invention according to the above, for a pair of joint members connected by the connecting material, the adhesion of the connecting material or the joint member to the concrete is cut by the covering material, so that the crack of the concrete is caused by the tensile force generated in the connecting material. Can be suppressed by a simple method.
[0216]
  Claim18In the invention according to the present invention, when the connecting material is extended by fastening between the pair of connected joint members and the end joint members of the adjacent segment rings, the displacement absorbing material is interposed at the position where the concrete receives the pressing force. By doing so, cracking of concrete can be suppressed. Claims17The effect is further ensured if used together with the coating.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A and 1B show an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a shield tunnel, in which FIG. 1A is an elevation view showing an assembly state of one ring, and FIG. 1B is a view showing three rings of FIG. FIG. 4C is a development view in the case of staggered assembly, and FIG. 5C is a development view in which one ring of FIG. 5B is taken out and the joint portion in the circumferential direction is slightly separated.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an A2 segment in the embodiment of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the lower part of the third ring in which the ring of FIG. 1 (a) is assembled in a zigzag pattern and the A1 segment of the third ring is assembled and the A2 segment is being assembled.
4 is a perspective view showing details of the part in FIG. 3 during assembly. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view in which a circumferential joint surface of an A1 segment and an A2 segment in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is developed.
FIG. 6 shows another embodiment in the case where the present invention is applied to a shield tunnel (in the case where there is one kind of A segment), (a) is an elevation view showing an assembly state of one ring, (b) ) Is a developed view when three rings of (a) are staggered, (c) is a developed view in which one ring of (b) is taken out and the circumferential joint part is slightly separated, (d) These are the principal part enlarged views for demonstrating the relationship between the assembly margin of a male joint, and a flat part.
FIG. 7 shows another embodiment when the present invention is applied to a shield tunnel (when two sets of connected male and female joints are provided in the middle in the circumferential direction of each segment); ) Is an elevation view showing the assembly status of one ring, (b) is a development view when the ring of (a) is assembled in a zigzag pattern, and (c) is taken out of the ring of (b) in the circumferential direction. It is the expanded view which illustrated the joint part slightly spaced apart.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of A segments in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 5, 6, or FIG.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example of a segment having two male and female tapered knuckle joint surfaces on a circumferential joint surface.
10 is a perspective view showing a lower state during assembly of the segments shown in FIG. 9. FIG.
FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the A segments shown in FIG. 9 or the A segment and the B segment joined together.
12 is a perspective view showing details of a part in FIG. 3; FIG.
13 is a perspective view showing a modification example of the female joint of FIG. 12. FIG.
14 is a partially cut perspective view of FIG. 13. FIG.
15 is a perspective view showing another modification of the female joint of FIG. 12. FIG.
16 is a partially cut perspective view of FIG. 15. FIG.
FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing still another modified example of the female joint shown in FIG.
18 is a partially cut perspective view of FIG. 17. FIG.
FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing details of a part b in FIG. 3;
20 is a perspective view showing a modification of the end female joint in FIG. 19. FIG.
FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing details of a portion c in FIG. 3;
22 is a perspective view showing a modification of the male joint in FIG. 21. FIG.
FIG. 23 is a perspective view showing details of a portion d in FIG. 3;
24 is a perspective view showing a modification of the end male joint in FIG. 23. FIG.
25A is a partial cross-sectional detail view showing details of the portion e in FIG. 3, and FIG. 25B is a dimensional relationship explanatory view for explaining its function.
26 is a partial cross-sectional detail view showing details of a portion f in FIG. 3; FIG.
FIG. 27 is a partial cross-sectional detail view of another example showing details of the portion e in FIG. 3;
28 is a partial cross-sectional detail view of another example showing details of the part f in FIG. 3. FIG.
FIG. 29 is a transparent perspective view of a joint portion in a joined state for an example of a male and female joint applicable to the present invention (a state in which a connecting material used for one joint is omitted in the present invention).
30 is a perspective view showing the positional relationship between the male and female joints before joining in the example of FIG. 29 (the female joint is a cross section).
31 is a perspective view showing the positional relationship between the male and female joints during joining in the example of FIG. 29 (the female joint is a cross section).
32 is a perspective view showing the positional relationship between the male and female joints when the joining is completed in the example of FIG. 29 (the female joint is a cross section).
FIG. 33 is a perspective view for explaining a relationship between a tangential force generated in a connecting member and a crack in concrete.
FIG. 34 is a perspective view for explaining a shearing force acting on a joint between rings.
FIG. 35 is a perspective view showing an example of an A segment in still another embodiment of the present invention.
36 is a see-through perspective view showing the situation of the lower part during assembly of the segments shown in FIG. 35. FIG.
37 is a transparent perspective view in which the circumferential joint surfaces of the A segments in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 35 and 36 are developed. FIG.
FIGS. 38 and 36 show a center male joint that is loosely fitted to the connecting member in the embodiment of FIGS. 35 and 36, wherein (a) is a plan view and (b) is a front view.
FIG. 39 shows a coupling member into which the central male joint of FIG. 38 is loosely fitted, wherein (a) is a rear view, (b) is a bottom view (located on the bottom side of the segment, and the right half is a sectional view) ), (C) is a front view of the joint surface of the segment.
40 shows the end female joint in the embodiment of FIGS. 35 and 36, in which (a) is a side view (upper half is a cross-sectional view), and (b) is a front view on the joint surface.
41 is a perspective view from the joint surface side showing a state in which the center male joint in the embodiment of FIGS. 35 and 36 is fitted to the end of the connecting member. FIG.
42 is a perspective view from the back side corresponding to FIG. 41. FIG.
43 is a perspective view from the joint surface side of the end female joint in the embodiment of FIGS. 35 and 36. FIG.
44 is a partial cross-sectional detail view showing details of a portion g in FIG. 36. FIG.
45 shows a center female joint loosely fitted to the connecting member in the embodiment of FIGS. 35 and 36, (a) is a front view of the joint surface side, and (b) is a side view (one view). FIG.
FIG. 46 shows a coupling member in which the central female joint of FIG. 45 is loosely fitted, (a) is a rear view, (b) is a bottom view (located on the bottom side of the segment, and the right half is a sectional view) ), (C) is a front view of the joint surface of the segment.
FIG. 47 is a plan view of the end male joint in the embodiment of FIGS.
48 is a perspective view from the back side showing a state where the center female joint in the embodiment of FIGS. 35 and 36 is fitted to the end of the connecting member. FIG.
49 is a perspective view from the joint surface side corresponding to FIG. 49. FIG.
50 is a perspective view from the back side of the end male joint in the embodiment of FIGS. 35 and 36. FIG.
51 is a partial cross-sectional detail view showing details of the h part in FIG. 36. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... segment, 1a ... new segment,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Male joint (inter-ring joint), 11a ... Connection material, 11e ... End male joint, 12 ... Anchor part, 12c ... Anchor muscle, 12s ... Anchor part (diagonal direction), 13 ... Projection part, 13a ... Expansion root part , 14 ... reduced diameter part, 14a ... first reduced diameter part, 14b ... second reduced diameter part, 15 ... seat part,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 ... Female joint (inter-ring joint), 21a ... Connection material, 21e ... End female joint, 22 ... Anchor part, 22s ... Anchor part (diagonal direction), 23 ... Head, 24 ... Annular groove, 24a ... 1st An annular groove, 24b ... a second annular groove, 25 ... an annular spring, 25a ... a first annular spring, 25b ... a second annular spring, 26 ... a core material, 26a ... a shear resistance member, 27 ... an enlarged diameter holder, 27a ... first. 1 diameter expansion holder, 27b ... 2nd diameter expansion holder, 28 ... vacant part, 29 ... seat part,
31 ... male taper knuckle surface, 32 ... male taper knuckle surface (2 items),
41 ... Female taper knuckle surface, 42 ... Female taper knuckle surface (twice),
51 ... Insert, 52 ... Bolt hole, 53 ... Bolt, 54 ... Flat part,
61 ... seal groove,
71 ... fitting hole, 72 ... fitting convex part (shear pressure receiving part), 73 ... fitting concave part (shear pressure receiving part), 74 ... displacement absorber,
81 ... fitting hole, 82 ... fitting convex part (shear pressure receiving part), 83 ... fitting concave part (shear pressure receiving part), 84 ... displacement absorber

Claims

A wall structure in which a plurality of precast members are arranged in the circumferential direction to form a ring, and in the ring axial direction, each precast member is staggered so as to straddle between two precast members of adjacent rings. In addition, at least one pair of individual joint members embedded at predetermined intervals in the circumferential intermediate portions of both the well joint side and the face joint side ring joint surfaces of the precast member are respectively connected in the circumferential direction. End joint members individually embedded at predetermined intervals from the circumferential joint surfaces on both the well joint side and face side ring joint surfaces of the two precast members of the adjacent rings, respectively, of the pair of joint members DOO fitted Ri Na, at least one pair of axial center interval before fitting the joint member each other coupled provided in the circumferential direction intermediate portion of the ring fitting surface of the precast member Wall structure according precast member, characterized in that it is set relatively smaller than the axial distance between the centers of the end joint member each other of the two precast members of adjacent rings the pair of joint members are fitted.

A wall structure in which a plurality of precast members are arranged in the circumferential direction to form a ring, and in the ring axial direction, each precast member is staggered so as to straddle between two precast members of adjacent rings. In addition, at least one pair of individual joint members embedded at predetermined intervals in the circumferential intermediate portions of both the well joint side and the face joint side ring joint surfaces of the precast member are respectively connected in the circumferential direction. End joint members individually embedded at predetermined intervals from the circumferential joint surfaces on both the well joint side and face side ring joint surfaces of the two precast members of the adjacent rings, respectively, of the pair of joint members DOO fitted will be, at least one pair of joint members to each other is connected is provided in the circumferential direction intermediate portion of the ring fitting surface of the precast member, said one end face joint surfaces With respect to the fitting hole of the connecting member that is positioned, it is connected so as to allow relative displacement within the range of the clearance by being inserted with a clearance in the circumferential direction of the joint surface. The fitting convex portion as the shear pressure receiving portion provided on one of the material and the end joint member and the fitting concave portion as the shear pressure receiving portion provided on the other are fitted to each other, so that the fitting The shear pressure receiving part surface where the convex part and the fitting concave part contact each other transmits the shearing force in the circumferential direction on the joint surface, and the interval between the shear pressure receiving part surfaces of the connecting material before fitting That is, the interval between the positions where the fitting convex portion and the fitting concave portion abut each other is relatively larger than the interval between the surfaces of the shear pressure receiving portions of the end joint member before fitting between the two adjacent precast members. is set smaller, characterized in that are Wall structure according Rekyasuto member.

One of the joint members fitted on the ring joint surface is a female joint embedded inside the ring joint surface of one precast member and opened to the ring joint surface, and the other is a predetermined amount from the ring joint surface of the other precast member The wall structure by the precast member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wall structure is a male joint protruding and embedded.

The circumferential end portions of the precast members adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction have substantially the same cross-sectional dimensions in the ring axis direction, and at least one convex curved surface as a male knuckle joint surface and concave shape as a female knuckle joint surface The wall structure by the precast member according to claim 1, 2 or 3, which is engaged by a curved surface.

In the knuckle joint on the circumferential joint surface of the precast member, the height and / or width of the projecting portion gradually decreases from one end portion of the circumferential joint surface to the central portion in the ring axial direction toward the central portion in the ring axial direction. A male knuckle joint surface having at least one convex curved surface is formed, and at least one concave shape in which the depth and / or width of the groove portion gradually decreases from the other end portion to the center portion in the ring axial direction toward the center portion of the ring. The wall structure by the precast member of Claim 4 which has formed the female knuckle joint surface which has a curved surface.

Between the circumferential joint surfaces of the precast members adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, a sealant is interposed between the circumferential joint surfaces of the precast members drawn together in the circumferential direction by fitting of the joint members provided on the ring joint surface. The wall structure of the precast member according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the sealing material is pressed and is in close contact with the circumferential joint surface of the precast member.

A joint of precast members that forms a wall structure by staggered assembly, and is at least one pair embedded in the longitudinal intermediate portion of the joint surface of the precast members that are disposed across two adjacent precast members The joint member is connected in the longitudinal direction of the joint surface, and each of the pair of joint members is embedded at a predetermined interval from each longitudinal end of the joint surface of the two adjacent precast members. It is adapted to be fitted with a joint member, and the axial center distance between the pair of connected joint members before fitting is greater than the axial center distance between the end joint members of the two adjacent precast members. A joint for precast members, characterized by being set relatively small.

The joint of the precast member according to claim 7, wherein the pair of joint members are connected by a plate-shaped steel material as a connecting material.

The joint of the precast member according to claim 7, wherein the pair of joint members are integrally formed with a connecting material.

The joint member of the pair of joint members and the two adjacent precast members is a female joint in which one is embedded inside the joint surface and opens to the joint surface, and the other is embedded by protruding a predetermined amount from the joint surface. The joint of the precast member according to claim 7, wherein the joint is a male joint.

The joint of the precast member according to claim 7, 8, 9 or 10, wherein at least one end surface of the connecting material is flush with the joint surface.

The joint of the precast member according to claim 7, 8, 9 or 10, wherein the connecting material is buried inside the joint surface of the precast member.

The joint of the precast member according to claim 7, 8, 9, or 10 , wherein a cross-sectional shape of a portion receiving the shearing force of the male joint in a fitted state of the male joint and the female joint is a substantially rectangular shape or a substantially oval shape.

A joint of precast members that forms a wall structure by staggered assembly, and is at least one pair embedded in the longitudinal intermediate portion of the joint surface of the precast members that are disposed across two adjacent precast members The joint member is connected in the longitudinal direction of the joint surface, and each of the pair of joint members is embedded at a predetermined interval from each longitudinal end of the joint surface of the two adjacent precast members. The pair of joint members that are connected to the joint member are free to play in the longitudinal direction of the joint surface with respect to the fitting hole of the connection member whose one end surface is located on the joint surface. As a shear pressure receiving part formed in either one of the connecting member and the end joint member, it is connected in a state allowing relative displacement within the range of the clearance by being inserted with a gap. Mating And a fitting concave portion as a shear pressure receiving portion formed on the other are fitted to each other so that the fitting convex portion and the fitting concave portion are in contact with each other on the surface of the shear pressure receiving portion in the circumferential direction. The shear force is transmitted, and the interval between the shear pressure receiving surface of the connecting material before fitting, that is, the interval between the positions where the fitting convex part and the fitting concave part abut, A joint for precast members, wherein the joint is set to be relatively smaller than the interval between the surfaces of the shear pressure receiving portions of the end joint members before the two adjacent precast members are fitted.

The joint member of the pair of joint members and the two adjacent precast members is a female joint in which one is embedded inside the joint surface and opens to the joint surface, and the other is embedded by protruding a predetermined amount from the joint surface. This is a male joint that is set so that the axial center distance between the pair of joint members before fitting is substantially equal to the axial center distance between the end joint members of the two adjacent precast members. The joint of the precast member of Claim 14 .

Claim 7-15 in said end coupling member that anchors the oblique direction is provided with respect to the circumferential direction or the circumferential surface for causing resistance in the circumferential direction of the shearing force received from the coupling member of the pair The joint of the precast member as described in 2.

The precast member is made of concrete, reinforced concrete, or steel filled with concrete or ductile cast iron, and the pair of joint members and / or the surface of the portion embedded in the concrete of the connecting material is distorted. The joint of the precast member according to any one of claims 7 to 16, which is coated with a coating material having an absorbing function.

The precast member is made of concrete, reinforced concrete, or steel filled with concrete, or made of ductile cast iron. The joint of the precast member according to any one of claims 7 to 17 , wherein a displacement absorbing material is interposed at a position where the pressing force acts on the concrete by contacting with the concrete.