JP4655356B2 - X-ray equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention performs X-ray imaging of a patient's teeth and bones or surrounding tissues, and in particular, a medical department capable of easily three-dimensionally displaying a wide range of subjects with a three-dimensional curved imaging area such as a panoramic X-ray imaging apparatus. Alternatively, the present invention relates to a dental X-ray imaging apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, this type of X-ray imaging apparatus is generally an X-ray CT imaging apparatus as disclosed in JP-A-11-253433 and JP-A-2000-139902. As shown in FIG. 6, an X-ray source 2 and a two-dimensional X-ray imaging unit 3 are arranged at positions facing each other with the patient 1 therebetween, and an X-ray beam projection image directed from the X-ray source 2 toward the patient 1 is obtained. Images are taken by the two-dimensional X-ray imaging means 3. In addition, while the X-ray source 2 and the two-dimensional X-ray imaging means 3 rotate on the trajectory 5 centered on the axis 4, a number of two-dimensional X-ray cross-sectional images inside the patient 1 are taken from different angles, and later three-dimensional X-rays are obtained. It is synthesized as a line CT image.
[0003]
On the other hand, what is commonly referred to as a panorama photographing apparatus generally has a configuration as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-135829. As shown in FIG. 7, a thin vertically long primary slit 6 is attached to the X-ray source 2 side, and a thin vertically long secondary slit 8 is attached to the one-dimensional X-ray imaging means 7 side. The X-ray beam emitted from the X-ray source 2 enters the one-dimensional X-ray imaging means 7 via the primary slit 6, the patient 1, and the secondary slit 8. Then, for example, curved tomographic imaging is performed only in the vicinity of a predetermined locus (such as a dental arch) indicated by a thick line in FIG. 8, and the captured strip-shaped one-dimensional X-ray image is time delay integrated ( A two-dimensional panoramic X-ray image as shown in FIG. 9 is developed by the TDI method. That is, FIG. 9 shows a one-dimensional tomographic X-ray image along a curved surface as shown in FIG. 10 expanded and displayed on a two-dimensional plane, and this panoramic image is used for diagnosis as it is. Furthermore, this panoramic imaging apparatus can obtain a tomographic image as shown in FIG. 11 in a mode generally called cephalometric imaging.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, among conventional X-ray imaging apparatuses, an apparatus such as X-ray CT repeatedly performs a number of two-dimensional tomographic imagings, so that the amount of exposure to the human body is large, and the apparatus shape is large and very expensive. It is not appropriate to use X-ray CT to obtain a primary finding of a specific curved surface such as a dental arch or a skull surface, in any case where the internal structure of the human body has to be inspected in detail. The handling of such a device requires specialized and qualified radiologists, and is difficult to introduce into small clinics and private clinics where the installation area is limited.
[0005]
On the other hand, a normal panoramic imaging apparatus develops a one-dimensional image for each predetermined tomographic position in a two-dimensional manner, and is widely used in general dental clinics. However, for a general patient, even if the captured panoramic image is displayed on a shaw cassen or a computer display, it is difficult to correspond to the actual affected area, and it is difficult to image intuitively. In other words, there is a problem that it is difficult to use as a tool for patient explanation and informed consent even if it can be used for doctor's diagnosis.
[0006]
In addition, since the subject image changes depending on the subject position, angle, etc., even if the person is the same, each time a photograph is taken, a two-dimensional X-ray image photographed based on a uniform conversion formula is developed in a three-dimensional space. Had the problem of increased error.
[0007]
Also, it is difficult for the patient to see the X-ray image from his own (inside) viewpoint or to move the X-ray image freely as if looking at a mirror and to grasp the state of the affected area in three dimensions.
[0008]
Also, if you want to enlarge the state of the affected area that the patient is interested in or change the viewpoint, you can simply display and convert the X-ray image that has already been taken by manual mouse operation of the computer. The problem was that it was difficult to grasp the response.
[0009]
In addition, the patient has a problem that the positional relationship between a visible image of the affected part viewed from the outside and a photographed X-ray image is difficult to understand.
[0010]
Moreover, the X-ray image of the affected part cannot be enlarged and observed from another angle only by a simple action that is intuitive and easy to understand, such as a patient applying a hand mirror to the actual affected part.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention is based on X-ray imaging means for imaging X-ray images of a patient's teeth and bones, and a human tooth and bone shape database. Is provided with a three-dimensional conversion means for expanding and storing the information in a three-dimensional space, and an X-ray image display means for displaying a three-dimensional X-ray image of the patient.
[0012]
As a result, a 2D image taken by X-ray can be easily developed in a 3D space and converted into an arbitrary viewpoint, an arbitrary magnification, etc., and a 3D X-ray image can be displayed. But you can intuitively associate the affected area with the image. It is possible to accurately understand the diagnostic treatment contents of the doctor while viewing the X-ray image displayed in three dimensions.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention according to claim 1 develops and stores an X-ray image in a three-dimensional space based on an X-ray imaging means for imaging an X-ray image of a patient's teeth and bones and a shape database of human teeth and bones. By providing the three-dimensional conversion means and the X-ray image display means for displaying the three-dimensional X-ray image of the patient, the two-dimensional image taken by X-ray is easily developed in the three-dimensional space, and is a three-dimensional perspective view. Is displayed. Therefore, even a non-specialized patient can easily associate the affected area with the image intuitively while viewing the three-dimensional X-ray image, and can accurately understand the diagnosis and treatment contents of the doctor.
[0014]
The invention according to claim 2 is a video camera that specifically captures a visible image of the body surface of the patient, an extraction means that extracts position information of each part of the patient in a three-dimensional space based on the image output of the video camera, and this extraction By providing a three-dimensional conversion means for developing and storing this X-ray image in a three-dimensional space based on the output of the means, the position of each part in the three-dimensional space such as a tooth or a bone, which differs depending on each patient or imaging position and angle Can be measured more accurately.
[0015]
Since the invention according to claim 3 is provided with X-ray image control means for converting the display of the patient's three-dimensional X-ray image into an arbitrary viewpoint or an arbitrary enlargement ratio, It can be freely processed into easy-to-understand images that match the intuition. For example, the patient can see the X-ray image from his / her own (inside) viewpoint, or can grasp the state of the affected area in three dimensions while freely moving the X-ray image so as to look at a mirror.
[0016]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a second video camera that captures a body surface visible image of a patient, and a position information of each part of the patient in a three-dimensional space based on an image output of the second video camera. 2 extraction means, three-dimensional conversion means and X-ray image control means for controlling a patient's X-ray moving image in real time based on the output of the second extraction means, and a patient converted by the X-ray image control means X-ray image display means for displaying the three-dimensional X-ray image. As a result, the three-dimensional X-ray image of the patient who has completed imaging is temporarily stored in the three-dimensional conversion means, and the three-dimensional X-ray image can be obtained simply by projecting the body surface visible image toward the second video camera later. Following this visible image, the viewpoint and magnification are automatically updated and displayed. In other words, when the patient wants to enlarge the state of the affected area or change the viewpoint, the X-ray image is displayed just by bringing the part closer to the second video camera. It is possible to grasp the correspondence with the actual affected area without performing any computer operation.
[0017]
The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that a visible image display means for displaying in real time a visible image of the body surface of the patient projected on the second video camera is connected. Since the visible image of the affected part viewed from the outside and the photographed X-ray image are displayed simultaneously and in parallel from the same angle, it is possible to clearly show the state of the affected part outside and inside. In particular, even when there are a plurality of affected areas to be noted, the X-ray image follows in real time just by moving the part projected by the second video camera, so handling is very easy.
[0018]
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, in particular, image synthesis for synthesizing the patient's X-ray moving image data output from the X-ray image control means and the patient's body surface visible moving image data output from the second video camera. And a synthetic image display means for displaying a patient moving image synthesized by the image synthesizing means, so that a semitransparent body surface visible image is superimposed on the outside of the X-ray image. An image is displayed as a moving image in accordance with the movement of the patient. Therefore, the state of the affected part can be easily expressed with only one display means.
[0019]
The invention according to claim 7 has a portable shape in which the second video camera can be attached and detached, so that the patient himself can easily grasp the second video camera and apply a hand mirror to the actual affected area. The specific affected area can be magnified and observed from other angles with a simple operation.
[0020]
The invention according to claim 8 is characterized in that a half mirror is interposed between the patient and the second video camera, and the body surface visible image projected on the second video camera is displayed. There is no need to display. For example, if this half mirror is used as a mirror in front of a medical chair and a second video camera is embedded in the wall, the patient does not even need to touch the device, so the lens is damaged or the cable is disconnected. It becomes difficult to place a device failure and does not give the patient a psychological feeling of being monitored.
[0021]
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0022]
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of an X-ray imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
[0023]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 9 denotes an X-ray imaging means for imaging a two-dimensional X-ray image of a patient 1, and like the dental panoramic X-ray imaging apparatus shown in the conventional example, an X-ray source (not shown) across the patient 1 is shown. Z)). The X-ray imaging means 9 obtains a panoramic X-ray image similar to that shown in FIG. 13 by performing X-ray imaging of a predetermined tomographic plane while turning around the stationary patient 1. The panoramic X-ray image does not simply show hard tissues such as crowns, bones, and temporomandibular joints but also soft tissues such as dental pulp, alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, and gingiva.
[0024]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a video camera that captures a plurality of two-dimensional visible images of the body surface of the patient 1 at each turning angle during X-ray imaging. Reference numeral 11 denotes extraction means for extracting position information of each part of the patient 1 in a three-dimensional space in accordance with the image output of the video camera 10. Specifically, the extraction unit 11 derives the contour line of the patient 1 by cutting out the background from each still image constituting the body surface two-dimensional visible moving image of the patient 1, and outlines the patient 1 in the three-dimensional space. Plot.
[0025]
Reference numeral 12 denotes a shape database, in which an average skeleton dimension diagram of the human body, an average irregular shape dimension diagram of the body surface such as the face, nose and ears, and a positional relationship table of both are registered. Furthermore, since the approximate correction means based on the specific data for each human body is provided, a standard internal skeletal structure diagram table corresponding to the body surface external dimensions of the patient 1 is provided. Reference numeral 13 denotes a three-dimensional conversion unit that develops and stores an X-ray image of the patient 1 as a mesh model in a three-dimensional space based on the output of the extraction unit 11 and the shape database 12.
[0026]
Reference numeral 14 denotes an X-ray image control means for determining the position, direction and brightness of each surface voxel of the X-ray image developed by the three-dimensional conversion means 13, and performing surface rendering processing such as hidden surface removal on a two-dimensional plane. A projected three-dimensional display image is generated. The X-ray image control means 14 is provided with an input device such as a mouse and a joystick, and is designated to display at an arbitrary enlargement ratio (distance) from an arbitrary viewpoint to an arbitrary target direction only by an intuitive operation. Can do. Reference numeral 15 denotes X-ray image display means for displaying a three-dimensional X-ray image of the patient 1 generated by the X-ray image control means 14. FIG. 2 shows an example of a three-dimensional X-ray image of the patient 1 displayed by the X-ray image display means 15. 9 and 11 shown in the conventional example, the skull shape of the patient 1 is derived from the body surface image taken by the video camera 10 and the shape database 12, and the dental arch is applied to this curved surface. A two-dimensional panoramic X-ray image formed on the locus is pasted together.
[0027]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the two-dimensional X-ray image of the patient 1 imaged by the X-ray imaging means 9 is three-dimensionalized by the three-dimensional conversion means 13 and the X-ray image control means 14 selects an arbitrary viewpoint and direction. Since a 3D image from a distance can be freely displayed again, even a non-specialized patient can intuitively associate an affected area with an image with a simple operation. It is possible to accurately understand the diagnostic treatment contents of the doctor while viewing the X-ray image displayed in three dimensions.
[0028]
Here, the imaging of the body surface visible image of the patient 1 by the video camera 10 is performed simultaneously with the X-ray imaging by the X-ray imaging apparatus 9, but may be performed separately. Further, in order to more accurately measure the position of the patient 1 in the three-dimensional space, the images may be taken by a plurality of video cameras 10 from different angles. Further, X-ray imaging is performed by performing the normal panoramic imaging shown in FIG. 9 and the cephalometric imaging shown in FIG. 11 individually, and determining a three-dimensional X-ray image of the patient 1 from a plurality of different X-ray images. Good.
[0029]
When a two-dimensional X-ray image captured by the X-ray imaging unit 9 is formed into a three-dimensional X-ray image by the three-dimensional conversion unit 13, the missing information is estimated by the shape database 12 and complemented (extrapolated). May be. However, in this case, the image part complemented by the estimation is made to be translucent so that it can be clearly separated from the actually measured image part, or the color intensity is changed according to the degree of ambiguity. To do. For example, if the measurement information of the ceiling and bottom surfaces is not obtained depending on the shooting conditions, the surface shape viewed from the side is colored, but the ceiling and bottom surfaces are not colored or remain transparent and are three-dimensional. Configure the shape.
[0030]
As a result, when the X-ray image display means 15 observes the three-dimensional X-ray image of the patient 1 from an arbitrary angle, it can be clearly seen that the display accuracy is lacking because the image of the uncolored or transparent region is complemented by estimation.
[0031]
The size of each voxel obtained by coordinate conversion from raw measurement data varies in display size accuracy depending on the viewpoint and the enlargement ratio. Therefore, display dimensional accuracy may be shown by generating a continuous three-dimensional image in which each voxel is expressed in a dark color in a dense (high accuracy) region and a light color in a sparse region. In addition, even if the patient's individual morphological abnormalities, cranial / facial bone fractures due to trauma, bone defects, body tissue defects associated with resection of head and neck malignant tumors, supplementary treatment may be prohibited. Good. The X-ray image control means 14 may continuously rotate the three-dimensional X-ray image of the patient 1 within the display screen when there is no manual operation. Further, the dome image may be displayed so that a three-dimensional X-ray image (inner curved surface) can be seen from the viewpoint (inside the oral cavity) inside the patient 1 toward the outside. The image data of the patient 1 newly imaged by the X-ray imaging means 9 or the first video camera 10 may be fed back to the shape database 12, and the shape database 12 may be automatically updated and expanded. Of course, the output of the three-dimensional conversion means 13 may be linked to an electronic medical record system for each patient, which may be useful for observing secular changes in specific affected areas, confirming effects before and after treatment, and the like.
[0032]
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Blocks having the same functions as those described in the first embodiment of the present invention are given the same numbers, and descriptions thereof are omitted.
[0033]
In FIG. 3, the X-ray imaging unit 9 and the first video camera 10 are in the X-ray room 100 and have the same functions as in the first embodiment. On the other hand, the other components are in the clinic 101. In this clinic 101, a doctor (not shown) observes an X-ray image of the patient 1 and explains the patient 1. X-ray image data and visible image data of the patient 1 captured by the X-ray imaging unit 9 and the first video camera 10 in the X-ray room 100 are transmitted to the first extraction unit 11 and the three-dimensional conversion unit 13, respectively. Is done.
[0034]
Although not clearly shown in FIG. 3, the X-ray room 100 and the clinic 101 are connected by a high-speed communication LAN cable. The patient 1 first performs X-ray imaging in the X-ray room 100, and then moves to the medical chair unit in the medical room 101 and looks at the X-ray image display means 15 while viewing the 3D X-ray image of the patient 1. Listen to the doctor's diagnosis.
[0035]
Reference numeral 16 denotes a portable second video camera capable of projecting a patient 1 who has undergone X-ray imaging by himself / herself from the outside.
[0036]
FIG. 4 shows an external view of the second video camera 16. In FIG. 4, the direction of the arrow is the imaging region, and the entire length is a hand-held portable shape of about 20 cm. It operates by battery drive and wirelessly transmits a video image signal to the second extraction means 17. Zoom-in and up / down / left / right inversion can be controlled by hand operation. Blur-free image shooting can be performed by autofocus from close-up shooting to far-field shooting of each part of patient 1 as a subject.
[0037]
In FIG. 3, a visible image display means 19 is connected to the second video camera 16, and a moving image of the subject (patient 1) photographed by the second video camera 16 is always displayed. The second extraction means 17 extracts position information of each part of the patient 1 in the three-dimensional space in accordance with the moving image output of the second video camera 16 (for example, transferring 30 frames of still images per second). is there. The X-ray image control means 18 generates an X-ray moving image by superimposing the output of the three-dimensional conversion means 13, that is, the three-dimensional X-ray image of the patient 1, on the image from the second extraction means 17 updated in real time. To do.
[0038]
In other words, the X-ray image control means 18 performs control to display an animated X-ray image that has already been taken in synchronization with and following the moving image displayed on the second video camera 16 without manual operation of the display image. ing. When the X-ray image control means 18 cannot take the correspondence between the output of the three-dimensional conversion means 13 and the output of the second extraction means 17, such as when the second video camera is taken away from the patient 1. The display of the X-ray image is stopped. The X-ray image display means 15 synchronizes and follows the display of the visible image display means 18 up to the limit of the viewpoint, direction, and distance that can be displayed using the already captured 3D X-ray image data of the patient 1 in real time. The display contents will be updated.
[0039]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the X-ray image control means 18 updates the three-dimensional X-ray image display corresponding to the imaging of the second video camera 16, for example, “from the front of the patient 1. After the video of the entire dentition is taken, the process of “switching to the upper left front tooth close-up from diagonally below” is linked in both the X-ray image display means 15 and the visible image display means 18. It is done. In fact, it can be understood naturally without any explanation of which tooth corresponds to which X-ray image.
[0040]
The second video camera 16 has already completed photographing and is expanded and stored in a three-dimensional space. With respect to display control of the three-dimensional X-ray image of the patient 1, the display direction and the enlargement ratio are changed by performing complex computer operations. Thus, the input device can designate a desired angle and a desired enlargement ratio without giving any consciousness. Since the second video camera 16 is driven by a low-voltage battery and is insulated from the commercial AC power supply, there is no risk of electric shock even in the event of a failure. Because it is wireless, it can easily narrow and deepen parts, and there is no problem of cable disconnection failure.
[0041]
The operator such as the patient 1 simply takes the second video camera 16 and takes a magnified image of the specific affected area or observes it from another angle by simply performing an intuitive and easy operation such as applying a hand mirror to the actual affected area. can do. Since this operation can be performed while looking at only the X-ray image display means 15 instead of the visible image display means 18, it is possible to change the part to be viewed without exposure (without an X-ray source) in the clinic 101. It is possible to create a dramatic presentation effect that X-ray moving image can be taken freely.
[0042]
Here, the configuration in the X-ray room 100 and the medical room 101 is connected 1: 1 for one patient 1, while a plurality of patients use the common facilities in the X-ray room 100, A 1: N network system may be constructed in which some of the facilities in the medical room 101 are individually provided for each patient for each of a plurality of medical chairs. The functions of the vast human body shape database 12 and the three-dimensional conversion means 13 that require high-speed image processing capability are not completed in the clinic 101 but by accessing a remote information processing center (host computer). Similar effects may be achieved. That is, instead of being independent only within one medical clinic, a plurality of medical clinics may share a database to automatically expand and update the stored contents.
[0043]
(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of the X-ray imaging apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Blocks having the same functions as those described in the second embodiment of the present invention are given the same numbers, and descriptions thereof are omitted. The X-ray imaging means in the third embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that a half mirror 20 is provided instead of the visible image display means, and a stationary second video camera 21 is embedded in the back of the half mirror 20. There is. In addition, an image synthesizing unit 22 that synthesizes the output of the X-ray image control unit 18 and the output of the second video camera 21 into one moving image, and a synthesized image display unit that displays the synthesized moving image generated by the image synthesizing unit 22. 23. The half mirror 20 is incorporated in a medical chair unit on which the patient 1 sits, so that the patient 1 himself can visually observe the state of the affected part reflected on the half mirror 20. It is not necessary to display the patient's body surface visible image projected on the second video camera by the half mirror 20. As a result, the patient 1 does not even need to touch the device, so that failure is less likely to occur, and there is no need to give the patient 1 a concern about machine operation or a psychological feeling of being monitored.
[0044]
The image synthesizing unit 22 outputs the patient 1 output from the second video camera 21 via the second extracting unit 17 to the outer surface of the three-dimensional X-ray image of the patient 1 output from the X-ray image control unit 18. The body surface visible image is made translucent and pasted. The transparency of the body surface visible image can be arbitrarily set between 0% and 100% by a synthesis ratio blending means (not shown) provided in the X-ray image control means 18. When the transparency is 0%, the moving image is displayed on the body surface photographed by the second video camera 16, and when the transparency is 100%, only the three-dimensional X-ray image output from the X-ray image control means 18 is displayed. Become. In this way, the image synthesizing unit 22 that synthesizes the output of the X-ray image control unit 18 and the output of the second video camera 21 into one moving image, and the synthesized image that displays the synthesized moving image generated by the image synthesizing unit 22. By providing the display means 23, a visible image of the body surface and an internal X-ray image can be displayed three-dimensionally in one moving image screen. As a result, which part of the body surface each part of the X-ray image corresponds to becomes clear to the patient 1 who does not have specialized knowledge.
[0045]
Here, the half mirror 20 is incorporated into a medical chair unit on which the patient 1 sits, but may be a flat plate shape like a hand mirror that can be integrated with the second video camera 16 and removed. Alternatively, the half mirror 20 and the composite image display means 23 or the second video camera 21 and the composite image display means 23 may be integrated so that the patient 1 only needs to see one screen. Similarly, the reflectance of the half mirror 20 may be almost eliminated. If the patient 1 simply brings the right face close to the half mirror 20, while the X-ray image of the patient 1 is displayed on the composite image display means 23, the right face part is displayed as it is, or if the jaw is protruded from the half mirror 20, You may make it the display which looked at the face from the lower side. During the moving image display, the screen display may be stopped at an arbitrary pose, and image processing such as enlargement, reduction, contour enhancement, contrast enhancement, actual dimension measurement, and colorization may be performed on the still screen. Although not described in detail in the embodiments, the image may be stored for such a specific still image, and may be X-ray image data in a three-dimensional space or raw data format as it is captured. I do not care.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, even an unspecialized patient can intuitively associate an affected area with an image. It is possible to accurately understand the diagnostic treatment contents of the doctor while viewing the X-ray image displayed in three dimensions.
[0047]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to more accurately measure the position in the three-dimensional space of each part such as a tooth or a bone, which differs depending on the patient or the photographing position and angle.
[0048]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the X-ray image after completion of imaging can be freely processed and corrected into an easy-to-understand image in accordance with the patient's intuition. For example, the patient can see the X-ray image from his / her own (inside) viewpoint, or can grasp the state of the affected area in three dimensions while freely moving the X-ray image so as to look at a mirror.
[0049]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the X-ray image is displayed only by bringing the patient closer to the second video camera, the patient can grasp the correspondence with the actual affected part without performing any computer operation. can do.
[0050]
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the X-ray image follows in real time just by moving the part projected by the second video camera, handling is very easy.
[0051]
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the state of the affected area can be easily expressed with only one display means.
[0052]
According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the patient himself / herself takes the second video camera and takes a magnified image of the specific affected part simply by performing an intuitive and easy operation such as applying a hand mirror to the actual affected part. It can be observed from other angles.
[0053]
According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, there is no need to display the body surface visible image of the patient projected on the video camera. For example, if this half mirror is used as a mirror in front of a medical chair and a second video camera is embedded in the wall, the patient will not even need to touch the device. There is no need to give the patient the psychological pressure of being monitored.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of an X-ray imaging apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a three-dimensional X-ray image captured by the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of an X-ray imaging apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an external view of a second video camera used in the second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of an X-ray imaging apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a conventional CT type X-ray imaging apparatus.
FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a conventional panoramic radiography apparatus.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a tomographic trajectory of panoramic radiography
FIG. 9 is a diagram of a two-dimensional X-ray image displayed in panoramic X-ray photography.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a stereoscopic view of a tomographic trajectory of panoramic X-ray photography.
FIG. 11 is a diagram of a two-dimensional X-ray image displayed by cephalometric imaging.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 patient
2 X-ray source
3 Two-dimensional X-ray imaging means
4 axis
5 orbit
6 Primary slit
7 One-dimensional X-ray imaging means
8 Secondary slit
9 X-ray imaging means
10 Video camera

Claims (8)

X-ray photographing means for photographing a two-dimensional X-ray image of a patient's teeth and bones, and a three-dimensional conversion means for developing and storing the two-dimensional X-ray images in a three-dimensional space based on a shape database of human teeth and bones X-ray image control means for generating a three-dimensional X-ray display image to be projected onto a two-dimensional plane from the two-dimensional X-ray image developed in the three-dimensional space by the three-dimensional conversion means, and the X-ray image control means X-ray imaging apparatus comprising: X-ray image display means for displaying a three-dimensional X-ray display image of the patient. X-ray photographing means for photographing a two-dimensional X-ray image of a patient's teeth and bones, a video camera for photographing a patient's body surface visible image, and the position of each part of the patient in a three-dimensional space based on the image output of the video camera Extraction means for extracting information; three-dimensional conversion means for expanding and storing the two-dimensional X-ray image in a three-dimensional space based on the position information; and two-dimensional X expanded in the three-dimensional space by the three-dimensional conversion means X-ray image control means for generating a three-dimensional X-ray display image projected onto a two-dimensional plane from a line image, and an X-ray image display for displaying a patient's three-dimensional X-ray display image generated by the X-ray image control means And an X-ray imaging apparatus. The X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the X-ray image control means converts a display of a three-dimensional X-ray display image of a patient to an arbitrary viewpoint or an arbitrary magnification. The X-ray imaging apparatus extracts a position information of each part of the patient in a three-dimensional space based on a second video camera that captures a visible image of the body surface of the patient and an image output of the second video camera. The X-ray image control means superimposes the position information extracted by the second extraction means in real time on the three-dimensional X-ray display image generated based on the three-dimensional conversion means and updates it. The X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an X-ray moving image is generated thereby to display the X-ray moving image on the X-ray image display means.  5. An X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said second video camera is connected to a visible image display means for displaying a visible image of the body surface of the patient displayed in real time.   The patient's X-ray moving image data output from the X-ray image control means and the patient's body surface visible moving image data output from the second video camera are combined, and the combined patient's moving image is converted into the X-ray moving image data. 6. The X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the X-ray imaging apparatus is displayed on a line image display means.   The X-ray imaging apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the second video camera has a detachable portable shape and is capable of performing magnified imaging of a specific affected area.   The X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a half mirror is interposed between a patient and the second video camera.

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