JP4643533B2 - 熱特性に優れた燃料電池用改質器 - Google Patents
熱特性に優れた燃料電池用改質器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4643533B2 JP4643533B2 JP2006261841A JP2006261841A JP4643533B2 JP 4643533 B2 JP4643533 B2 JP 4643533B2 JP 2006261841 A JP2006261841 A JP 2006261841A JP 2006261841 A JP2006261841 A JP 2006261841A JP 4643533 B2 JP4643533 B2 JP 4643533B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- reformer
- fuel cell
- base member
- reforming
- fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 93
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 13
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
カソード(Cathode):O2+2H++2e−――>H2O
電解質(Overall):H2+O2――>H2O+電流+熱
上記蒸発部及び改質部に対応して上記ベース部材の他側に密着具備される加熱手段と、
上記ベース部材改質部に具備される触媒手段と、
上記ベース部材の蒸発部において加熱手段側に一体で形成され熱効率を高める多孔部と、を含み熱的特性が優れるよう構成された燃料電池用改質器を提供する。
先ず、本発明の燃料電池用の超小型改質器1は、既存の改質器から発生される熱特性維持の困難さを解消しつつ、さらに触媒面積を増大させ触媒性も高め最終的にはCOも除去して、より高純度の水素ガスを発生させることを可能とし、これによって水素ガスの供給を受ける燃料電池自体の出力密度も向上させることを可能とする。
この際、図4bの40aは外部連結端子である。
即ち、図5aに図示した通り、ウェーハであるシリコン基板のベース部材10の一側面を加工して絶縁層と加熱手段が搭載できるようにする凹空間10aが蒸発部と改質部に対応して湿式エッチング(Wet Etching)を通じて各々形成される。
この際、図6に図示した通り、上記蓋部材90の内面にはCO除去を通じた高純度水素の精製排出を可能とするCO除去手段96即ち、白金及びパラジウム(Pd)等がコーティングされ得る。
10 ベース部材(基板)
20 蒸発部
22 流路
30 改質部
32 流路
40 加熱手段
50 触媒手段
50a 第1触媒層
50b 第2触媒層
60 加熱手段側多孔部
70 触媒手段側多孔部
80,82 絶縁層
90 蓋部材
96 CO除去手段
Claims (11)
- 蒸発部及び改質部が一側に分離具備され、前記蒸発部と改質部を連通し、燃料が流れる流路を各々具備するベース部材と、
前記蒸発部及び改質部に対応して前記ベース部材の他側に密着具備され、前記蒸発部及び改質部の各流路に熱を提供する加熱手段と、
前記改質部の流路に具備され、前記流路に沿って流れる燃料を改質させる触媒手段と、
前記蒸発部と対応するベース部材に一体で形成され、前記加熱手段により提供される熱を収容及び保存する第1多孔部とを含み、
前記触媒手段は、蒸発部で気体化された燃料を水素ガスに改質させるCuOの第1触媒層と、前記第1触媒層の安定された触媒機能を維持させるよう前記第1触媒層の支持層となるAlまたはAl 2 O 3 の第2触媒層とを具備し、
熱的特性が優れるよう構成されたことを特徴とする燃料電池用改質器。 - 前記ベース部材は、ウェーハであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の燃料電池用改質器。
- 前記加熱手段は、ベース部材に蒸着される熱線であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の燃料電池用改質器。
- 前記第2触媒層が前記ベース部材の改質部流路表面に形成され、その上に前記第1触媒層が形成されることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の燃料電池用改質器。
- 前記第1多孔部は、陽極酸化を通じて前記ベース部材に一体で形成されたナノメートルサイズの気孔を含むことを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の燃料電池用改質器。
- 前記改質部と対応するベース部材には触媒面積の増大を可能とする第2多孔部がさらに具備されることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の燃料電池用改質器。
- 前記第2多孔部は、陽極酸化を通じて前記ベース部材に一体され形成されたナノメートルサイズの気孔を含むことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の燃料電池用改質器。
- 前記ベース部材において、前記流路が形成された側の反対側には絶縁層が形成され、前記絶縁層の間に加熱手段が配置されることを特徴とする請求項5または請求項6に記載の燃料電池用改質器。
- 前記ベース部材の上下を覆い、燃料供給口及び水素排出口を具備する蓋部材を含むことを特徴とする請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の燃料電池用改質器。
- 前記上側蓋部材の内面で少なくとも改質された水素が排出される排出流路に対応する部位には、CO除去を通じた高純度水素ガス排出を可能とするCO除去手段が具備されることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の燃料電池用改質器。
- 前記CO除去手段は、白金及びパラジウムで構成されることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の燃料電池用改質器。
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KR100674864B1 (ko) | 2007-01-29 |
DE102006042661B4 (de) | 2013-08-29 |
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