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JP4622227B2 - Centrifuge - Google Patents

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JP4622227B2
JP4622227B2 JP2003351379A JP2003351379A JP4622227B2 JP 4622227 B2 JP4622227 B2 JP 4622227B2 JP 2003351379 A JP2003351379 A JP 2003351379A JP 2003351379 A JP2003351379 A JP 2003351379A JP 4622227 B2 JP4622227 B2 JP 4622227B2
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Prior art keywords
rotor
pin
centrifuge
coupling
side pin
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JP2005111417A (en
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佳能 二井内
隆寛 清水
昭二 楠元
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Koki Holdings Co Ltd
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Hitachi Koki Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は医学、薬学、農学などで使われる遠心機のように、複数用意されたロータから目的にあったロータを選択、交換して使用できる機器のトルク伝達部に関するもので11ある。   The present invention relates to a torque transmission unit 11 of a device that can be used by selecting and exchanging a desired rotor from a plurality of prepared rotors, such as a centrifuge used in medicine, pharmacy, agriculture, and the like.

従来の遠心機は、駆動装置の一部である動力発生部(一般的には電気モータ)で得られる回転トルクを回転軸を介してロータ(回転体)に伝達し、ロータを回転させる。この種の遠心機に用いられるロータには試料を挿入する試験管穴の角度が一定のアングルロータや、試験管を装着する容器(バケットと称す)が回転と共に揺動するスイングロータ、試験管を水平にした状態でロータに装着するホリゾンタルロータなど、処理するサンプルの性質や量等によって使い分けできるよう、いくつかの種類が用意されている。また、遠心破壊を避けるため許容回転速度が高いロータは外観、形状が小さく、低いロータは外観、形状が大きいのが一般的で、特に前記したスイングロータは強度の制限から高速に回転させることが難しく、一度に多数の試料(例えば病院で採血された真空採血管など)を遠心できるといった処理能力で特徴を持たせてある。   A conventional centrifuge transmits rotational torque obtained by a power generation unit (generally an electric motor) that is a part of a drive device to a rotor (rotary body) via a rotating shaft, and rotates the rotor. The rotor used in this type of centrifuge includes an angle rotor in which the angle of the test tube hole into which the sample is inserted, a swing rotor in which a container (called a bucket) in which the test tube is mounted, and a test tube are swung with rotation. Several types, such as a horizontal rotor that is mounted on the rotor in a horizontal state, can be used depending on the nature and amount of the sample to be processed. In addition, in order to avoid centrifugal breakage, a rotor with a high permissible rotational speed is generally small in appearance and shape, and a low rotor is generally large in appearance and shape. In particular, the above-described swing rotor can be rotated at a high speed due to strength limitations. It is difficult, and is characterized by its processing capability such that a large number of samples (for example, vacuum blood collection tubes collected at a hospital, etc.) can be centrifuged at a time.

一方、使用者が自分の試料に合ったロータを選択して遠心機の回転軸に取り付ける場合、ロータと回転軸をネジやボルトで固定することなく、装着して回転させることができれば、その分手間が省け、便利である。しかし、そのままではロータと回転軸の間で滑りが生じ、動力発生部の回転トルクが正しく伝達されなかったり、ロータと回転軸の嵌合部にかじりが生じたりするため、一般的にロータと回転軸を固定せずに使用できる遠心機では図2に示すように回転軸のカップリング部にピンを設け、ロータ側の嵌合穴側部にもピンを設けてピンとピンとをかみ合わせて(当接させて)トルクを伝えたり、ロータに設けた溝と軸側に設けた横ピンを嵌合させてトルクを伝えたりしている。   On the other hand, when the user selects a rotor that matches his sample and attaches it to the rotating shaft of the centrifuge, if the rotor and the rotating shaft can be mounted and rotated without being fixed with screws or bolts, that amount is sufficient. It saves time and is convenient. However, slipping occurs between the rotor and the rotating shaft as it is, and the rotational torque of the power generating unit is not transmitted correctly, or the fitting portion between the rotor and the rotating shaft is galled. In a centrifuge that can be used without fixing the shaft, a pin is provided in the coupling portion of the rotating shaft, as shown in FIG. 2, and a pin is also provided in the fitting hole side portion on the rotor side to engage the pin and pin (contact) Torque) or torque is transmitted by fitting a groove provided in the rotor and a lateral pin provided on the shaft side.

中でもピンとピンをかみ合わせる方式は、ピン先端を図2に示すように円錐形状にすることで、万一ピンとピンとが重なって装着されてもテーパ面で滑り、ロータが最終位置に着座するため、この種の遠心機に広く用いられている。ただし、ロータを加速させるときと減速させるときとでトルクが逆に加わるため、図6に矢印で示すように、ピン間の隙間で周方向に相対滑りを起こし、ロータと回転軸の嵌合部の接触面がかじり付く場合がある。   Above all, the pin-to-pin engagement method is that the tip of the pin has a conical shape as shown in FIG. 2, so that even if the pin and pin are overlapped, they slide on the tapered surface and the rotor sits at the final position. Widely used in this type of centrifuge. However, since torque is applied reversely when accelerating and decelerating the rotor, relative slip occurs in the circumferential direction in the gap between the pins as shown by arrows in FIG. The contact surface may be gnawed.

また、図7に示すよう、最初から回転軸のカップリング部とロータ側のピン数を増やしておき、周方向の移動量Wを小さくしている遠心機もある。しかし、相対滑りによるかじりの程度は接触面の状態はもちろんのこと、ロータの慣性モーメントの大小、ロータ質量の重、軽もしくはロータが受ける回転中の空気抵抗などによっても異なり一律ではない。したがって、最初は問題なかった場合でも、後から開発したロータがかじり易い場合、移動量Wを小さくすれば改善されるが、今まではピンの本数、ピッチ円が一律に決まっていたためそれもできず、そのロータのみ、例えば特開2002−248379号公報にあるように、ロータとカップリング部をボルト等で固定するといったことが必要となり、使い勝手を悪くする問題があった。 Further, there is as shown in FIG. 7, from the beginning keep increasing the number of pins of the coupling portion and the rotor side of the rotary shaft, also a centrifuge that reduces the movement amount W 4 in the circumferential direction. However, the degree of galling due to relative slip varies depending on the state of the contact surface as well as the magnitude of the moment of inertia of the rotor, the weight of the rotor, the light weight, or the air resistance during rotation received by the rotor, and is not uniform. Therefore, if the first, even if no problem, easy rotor galling which was developed later, but is improved by reducing the amount of movement W 4, pin number of until now, also it because the pitch circle had decided to uniformly However, only the rotor, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-248379, requires fixing the rotor and the coupling portion with a bolt or the like.

特開2002−248379号公報JP 2002-248379 A

特開平9−141136号公報JP 9-141136 A

上記した従来の遠心機では、ロータを回転軸に固定せずに使えるようにするために、回転軸のカップリング部およびロータにピンを設け、ピンとピンとのかみ合いでトルクを伝達していたが、前記したようにピン間の隙間による相対滑りで、カップリング部とロータの接触部にかじりを生じるといった状態が発生した場合、このような一部のロータについては使い勝手を犠牲にして、ロータを回転軸にボルト等で固定せねばならないという欠点があった。   In the conventional centrifuge described above, in order to be able to use the rotor without being fixed to the rotating shaft, a pin is provided on the coupling portion of the rotating shaft and the rotor, and torque is transmitted by engagement between the pin and the pin. As described above, when the relative sliding due to the gap between the pins causes galling at the contact portion between the coupling portion and the rotor, the rotor is rotated at the expense of convenience for some of these rotors. There was a drawback that the shaft had to be fixed with bolts.

本発明の目的は、上記従来の欠点を解消し、全てのロータをネジやボルトで固定する必要のない遠心機を提供することである。   An object of the present invention is to provide a centrifuge that eliminates the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks and does not require fixing all rotors with screws or bolts.

上記目的は、前記カップリング嵌合部のピンの隣り合うピンの外表面間の距離を、前記カップリング部のピンの外径と同等でかつ該ピン外径より大きくしたことにより達成することができる。
The above object can be achieved by making the distance between the outer surfaces of adjacent pins of the coupling fitting portion equal to and larger than the outer diameter of the pin of the coupling portion. it can.

本発明の遠心機は、一部のロータで回転軸のカップリング部とロータの接触部がかじりやすいといった状態が生じても、ロータ側のピンを工夫することで、回転軸とロータの周方向の移動量を調整することが可能となり、かじりを防止できるため、ロータをネジやボルトで固定する必要のない遠心機およびロータを提供とすることができる。   Even if the centrifuge of the present invention has a state in which the coupling portion of the rotating shaft and the contact portion of the rotor are easily gnawed by some rotors, the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft and the rotor can be improved by devising the pin on the rotor side. Therefore, it is possible to provide a centrifuge and a rotor that do not require the rotor to be fixed with screws or bolts.

本発明遠心機の一実施形態を図1〜図5を用いて、従来例を図6、7を用いて説明する。
図1は本発明の形態による遠心機の一部構成を示しており、駆動装置1には誘導モータ2が組み込んであり、この誘導モータ2の回転子3上端に回転軸4が結合され、さらに回転軸4の先端にカップリング5が設けてある。このカップリング5にはピン6が設けてあり、同じくロータに設けたピン7とかみ合うことでモータ2で発生するトルクをロータに伝達する。また、回転子3は軸受8、8’で両端を支持されており、スラスト荷重を軸受8’で受ける構造となっている。また、ロータ9はカップリング5と嵌合するよう作られており、ロータ9のスラスト、ラジアル荷重をテーパ部12で受けて回転軸4で駆動される。
One embodiment of the centrifuge of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 shows a partial configuration of a centrifuge according to an embodiment of the present invention. An induction motor 2 is incorporated in a drive device 1, and a rotary shaft 4 is coupled to an upper end of a rotor 3 of the induction motor 2. A coupling 5 is provided at the tip of the rotating shaft 4. The coupling 5 is provided with a pin 6, and the torque generated by the motor 2 is transmitted to the rotor by engaging with the pin 7 also provided on the rotor. The rotor 3 is supported at both ends by bearings 8 and 8 ', and has a structure for receiving a thrust load by the bearing 8'. Further, the rotor 9 is designed to be fitted to the coupling 5, and the thrust and radial load of the rotor 9 are received by the tapered portion 12 and driven by the rotating shaft 4.

図2は本発明になるカップリングとロータにそれぞれ設けられたピンの状態を示す立体図で、ロータ側のピンがカップリング側に比べて多く設けてある。
図3、4、5は図1の断面A−Aを示した図で、本発明になるピンの配置等を説明する図である。
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional view showing the state of the pins provided on the coupling and the rotor according to the present invention, respectively, and more pins on the rotor side are provided than on the coupling side.
3, 4, and 5 are views showing a cross section AA of FIG. 1 and explaining the arrangement of pins according to the present invention.

図6、7は従来技術を説明する図であり、カップリングのピンとロータのピンは同数となっている。また、ピン数の少ないほど製造にかかるコストが少なくて済むこともあり、かじりの問題が生じない場合は図6に示すように同一径φdのピンを各2本、180°間隔で設けてある。 6 and 7 are diagrams for explaining the prior art, and the number of coupling pins and the number of rotor pins are the same. Also, sometimes fewer cost for manufacturing the smaller pin-count, if the problem of galling does not occur each two pins of same diameter .phi.d 4 as shown in FIG. 6, is provided at 180 ° intervals is there.

今、ロータ9の加速、減速で、ロータ9とカップリング5の間に逆のトルクが加わり、カップリング5に固定されていないロータ9は図6に示すようにピン17とピン18の隙間分、周方向に滑り、ピン18が周方向に移動するとした場合、ピン18は実線と二点鎖線の間を滑ることになり、場合によっては接触部であるテーパ部12にかじりを生じ、傷を付けたり、最悪は凝着し、ロータ9が取り外しできないという事態が発生する。   Now, as the rotor 9 is accelerated and decelerated, a reverse torque is applied between the rotor 9 and the coupling 5, and the rotor 9 not fixed to the coupling 5 has a clearance between the pin 17 and the pin 18 as shown in FIG. When the pin 18 moves in the circumferential direction and the pin 18 moves in the circumferential direction, the pin 18 slides between the solid line and the two-dot chain line, and in some cases, the taper portion 12 that is the contact portion is galled and scratched. In the worst case, the rotor 9 adheres and the rotor 9 cannot be removed.

そこで、図2および図3に示すようにロータ9のピン14の本数を増やすことにより、移動代をW1に低減でき、かじりにくくすることが可能となる。それでも、かじりを防止できない場合はさらにピン数を増やしたいところではあるが、ロータ側のピン間隔がカップリング5のピン13の外径φd1より小さくできないため、増やせない場合がある。 Therefore, by increasing the number of pins 14 of the rotor 9 as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the movement allowance can be reduced to W 1 and it becomes possible to make it difficult to bite. Still, if it is not possible to prevent galling, the number of pins is desired to be increased. However, since the pin interval on the rotor side cannot be made smaller than the outer diameter φd 1 of the pin 13 of the coupling 5, it cannot be increased.

このような場合は、図4に示すようにロータ9のピン15の外径φdを細くすることで、ロータ側のピン間隔を広くすることができることから、ピン数を増やすことが可能となり、移動代をより狭く、Wに低減できる。また、図5に示すようにカップリング5のピン13’の第1のピッチ円21に対してロータ9側のピン16の第2のピッチ円22を小さくすれば、移動代をさらにWに低減できる。また、第2のピッチ円22を第1のピッチ円21より大きくしても同様な効果が得られる。 In such a case, by reducing the outer diameter φd 3 of the pin 15 of the rotor 9 as shown in FIG. 4, the pin interval on the rotor side can be increased, so that the number of pins can be increased. more narrow the movement cost, it can be reduced to W 2. Further, if the second pitch circle 22 of the pin 16 on the rotor 9 side is made smaller than the first pitch circle 21 of the pin 13 ′ of the coupling 5 as shown in FIG. 5, the movement allowance is further increased to W 3 . Can be reduced. Further, even if the second pitch circle 22 is made larger than the first pitch circle 21, the same effect can be obtained.

以上述べたように、ロータ側のピンの数だけでなく、ピンの径、ピンのピッチ円直径を変えることで、従来できなかった移動量の調整が可能となり、この種の遠心機のロータのかじりを防止することができるようになる。   As described above, by changing not only the number of pins on the rotor side, but also the pin diameter and pin pitch circle diameter, it becomes possible to adjust the amount of movement that could not be achieved before, and this kind of centrifuge rotor It becomes possible to prevent galling.

なお、本発明は既に遠心機が発売され、ユーザに使われている場合で、新たな市場ニーズで開発したロータがかじりやすいと言う問題が発生した場合、遠心機側のカップリングを交換することなく、新たなロータのピンを上記したように配することで対策できるため、より有効である。   In the present invention, when a centrifuge has already been released and is used by a user, and there is a problem that the rotor developed for new market needs is easily gnawed, the coupling on the centrifuge side should be replaced. This is more effective because the countermeasure can be taken by arranging the pins of the new rotor as described above.

本発明遠心機の一実施形態で一部構成を示す正面断面図。1 is a front sectional view showing a partial configuration in an embodiment of the centrifuge of the present invention. 本発明遠心機のカップリングとロータにそれぞれ設けられたピンの状態を示す立体図。The solid diagram which shows the state of the pin each provided in the coupling and rotor of this invention centrifuge. 本発明遠心機の第1の実施例を実施した図1の断面A−Aを示した、ピンの配置等を説明する図。The figure explaining the arrangement | positioning etc. of the pin which showed the cross section AA of FIG. 1 which implemented the 1st Example of this invention centrifuge. 本発明遠心機の第2の実施例を実施した図1の断面A−Aを示した、ピンの配置等を説明する図。The figure explaining the arrangement | positioning etc. of the pin which showed the cross section AA of FIG. 1 which implemented the 2nd Example of this invention centrifuge. 本発明遠心機の第3の実施例を実施した図1の断面A−Aを示した、ピンの配置等を説明する図。The figure explaining the arrangement | positioning etc. of the pin which showed the cross section AA of FIG. 1 which implemented the 3rd Example of this invention centrifuge. 図1の断面A−A図で、従来の遠心機のカップリングピンとロータピンの一例を示す図。The figure which shows an example of the coupling pin and rotor pin of the conventional centrifuge in the cross-section AA figure of FIG. 図1の断面A−A図で、従来の遠心機のカップリングピンとロータピンの他の一例を示す図。It is the section AA figure of Drawing 1, and is a figure showing other examples of the coupling pin and rotor pin of the conventional centrifuge.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1は駆動装置、2は誘導モータ、3は回転子、4は回転軸、5はカップリング、6はピン、7はピン、8、8’は軸受、9はロータ、10はダンパ、11は試料、12はテーパ部、13、13’、14、15、16、17、18、19、20はピン、21は第1のピッチ円、22は第2のピッチ円である。
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 is a drive device, 2 is an induction motor, 3 is a rotor, 4 is a rotating shaft, 5 is a coupling, 6 is a pin, 7 is a pin, 8, 8 'is a bearing, 9 is a rotor, 10 is a damper, 11 is Sample, 12 is a tapered portion, 13, 13 ′, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 are pins, 21 is a first pitch circle, and 22 is a second pitch circle.

Claims (1)

底部中央にカップリング嵌合穴を有し、嵌合穴の底から下方に突出するロータ側ピンを有するロータと、動力を発生する動力発生部と、前記ロータと前記動力発生部を結合する回転軸と、前記ロータと前記動力発生部を回転支承するための軸受けと、前記回転軸の上部に設けられて前記ロータのカップリング嵌合穴に嵌合し、少なくとも本の回転軸側ピンを有するカップリング部とを備え複数個有する前記ロータを選択的に使用し、前記回転軸側ピンをロータ側ピンにかみ合わせて前記動力発生部の回転トルクをロータに伝達する遠心機であって、
記ロータピンの直径を小さくし、ロータ側ピンの間隔を回転軸側ピンの外径より大きくすると共にロータ側ピンの個数を多く設けられるようにすることを特徴とした遠心機。

A rotor having a coupling fitting hole in the center of the bottom and having a rotor side pin protruding downward from the bottom of the fitting hole, a power generating unit for generating power, and a rotation for coupling the rotor and the power generating unit A shaft, a bearing for rotationally supporting the rotor and the power generation unit, and provided at an upper portion of the rotational shaft and fitted in a coupling fitting hole of the rotor , and at least two rotational shaft side pins and a coupling portion having, using the rotor having a plurality selectively, the rotary shaft side pin meet centrifuge for transmitting rotational torque of the power generator portion engaged to the rotor-side pin to the rotor,
Before reducing the diameter of kilometers over data-side pin, the centrifuge was characterized by so provided increasing the number of rotor-side pin with the spacing of the rotor-side pin larger than the outer diameter of the rotary shaft side pin .

JP2003351379A 2003-10-09 2003-10-09 Centrifuge Expired - Fee Related JP4622227B2 (en)

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE60236265D1 (en) * 2001-04-20 2010-06-17 Hitachi Koki Kk centrifugal machine
JP4613905B2 (en) * 2006-11-20 2011-01-19 日立工機株式会社 Centrifuge rotor and centrifuge with the same
JP6186733B2 (en) * 2013-01-31 2017-08-30 日立工機株式会社 Centrifuge and centrifuge rotor

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4531111Y1 (en) * 1967-05-20 1970-11-28
JPS59171759U (en) * 1983-03-25 1984-11-16 株式会社久保田製作所 Bucket for centrifuge
JP2002086017A (en) * 2000-09-20 2002-03-26 Kubota Seisakusho:Kk Attaching structure for rotor centrifuge
WO2002085526A1 (en) * 2001-04-20 2002-10-31 Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd. Centrifugal machine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4531111Y1 (en) * 1967-05-20 1970-11-28
JPS59171759U (en) * 1983-03-25 1984-11-16 株式会社久保田製作所 Bucket for centrifuge
JP2002086017A (en) * 2000-09-20 2002-03-26 Kubota Seisakusho:Kk Attaching structure for rotor centrifuge
WO2002085526A1 (en) * 2001-04-20 2002-10-31 Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd. Centrifugal machine

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