JP4611366B2 - Water-saving type leakage prevention structure for paddy fields - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a water-saving type water leakage prevention structure for paddy fields configured to be able to suppress leakage of stored water in paddy fields and to control the supply of water to the paddy fields at a constant level.

  In paddy fields, fertilization and pesticide spraying are performed at the time of paddy cutting and rice planting, so the stored water in the paddy field is in a muddy water state containing fertilizers and pesticides. In addition, fertilizer application and pesticide spraying are performed as appropriate from rice planting to autumn harvest. Therefore, abundant fertilizer components such as nitrogen and phosphorus and pesticides are present in the stored water of the paddy field.

  And since the paddle surrounding the paddy field is a soil structure, the water stored in the paddy field easily leaked through the paddle into the drainage channel provided along the paddle. In addition, such a soil structure has a problem that a hole is opened by small animals such as moles and crayfish, and there is a problem that water leaks from the hole to a drainage channel. Further, since the drainage channel has almost no water level except during rainfall, the stored water in the paddy field may leak into the drainage channel or the like through the bottom of the paddy field.

  When such water leakage occurs, fertilizer components such as nitrogen and phosphorus contained in the stored water and agricultural chemicals flow into the drainage channel and flow downstream, so water pollution in the lakes and the like at the end of the drainage channel The problem was getting worse. In addition, leakage of the stored water in the paddy field to the drainage channel or the like through the bottom of the paddy or paddy field not only wastes agricultural water, but also eliminates the need for a water pump to compensate for such wasteful water leakage. There is also a problem that the power consumption required to operate the water pump increases and the economic burden increases.

  Therefore, in order to prevent outflow of pollutants to the downstream side of the drainage channel to prevent environmental pollution and ecosystem destruction by paddy fields, it is possible to reduce waste of agricultural water and to operate water pumps In order to reduce power consumption, an effective means for preventing water leakage has been desired.

  In view of this, as a means for preventing water leakage in such paddy fields, for example, a water leakage prevention structure using a water leakage prevention frame plate disclosed in Utility Model Registration No. 3006539 has been proposed. As shown in FIG. 23, the water leakage prevention structure is intended to prevent the water stored in the paddy field from leaking by fixing the water leakage prevention frame plate b so as to cover the inner side of the ridge a. . When this type of water leakage prevention structure is used, water leakage through the heel portion c, such as leakage of water from small holes such as moles and crayfish, can be prevented by the water stopping action of the water leakage prevention frame plate b. However, it was difficult to prevent water leaking through the bottom portion d of the paddy field.

Utility Model Registration No. 3006539

  The present invention was developed in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and not only can prevent leakage through the paddy paddy, but can also suppress leakage through the bottom of the paddy field and is included in the stored water of the paddy field. It can reduce the problems of environmental pollution and ecosystem destruction of lakes and marshes caused by drainage of fertilizer components and agricultural chemicals such as Chisso and phosphorus downstream, and effective use of water resources by reducing waste of agricultural water It is an object of the present invention to provide a water-saving type leakage prevention structure for paddy fields.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
That is, the water-saving water leakage prevention structure for paddy fields according to the present invention is a water leakage prevention structure for paddy fields partitioned by a first ridge extending in the left-right direction and a second ridge extending in the front-rear direction. A unit paddy field in which the front, rear, left, and right edges are partitioned by a buttock by dividing the first ridge between the first and second ridges arranged in the front and rear directions by the second ridge at every required distance in the left-right direction. It is arranged side by side in the direction. Each unit paddy field is provided with a water supply control device at the rear thereof for supplying water to the unit paddy field at a predetermined water level. In addition, a drainage channel is provided along the outer side of the first paddle located in front, so that the water of the unit paddy field is discharged from the drainage unit provided in the previous paddle to the drainage channel. Has been made. In addition, on the inner side of the previous paddle in the unit paddy field, the lower end portion is embedded in the paddle layer made of clay layer, which exists under the soil layer of the unit paddy field so as to extend over its entire length. The water stop surface portion is provided from the upper end side of the front heel portion to the inside of the heel bed layer, and a weir plate is provided in the drainage channel at a required interval. The water inside is dammed up by the damming plate so that the water surface becomes the lower end of the soil formation layer . Further, the drainage channel is opened to the ground at a portion below the surface of the weired water, and the unit paddy field and the drainage channel are water permeable that forms the lower part of the lower end of the bed layer. It is characterized by being in a water-permeable state through the layer.

  The lower end of the bed layer is set, for example, at an end 30 to 35 cm below the upper end of the bed layer.

  In the water-saving type water leakage prevention structure of the paddy field, the water stop surface portion may be configured by a plate-shaped water stop panel that can be driven so that a lower end portion is buried in the bed layer.

  Further, in the water-saving type water leakage prevention structure of the paddy field, the water supply control device is connected to an agricultural water pipeline for supplying water to the paddy field, and includes a water supply amount integrating device capable of integrating the amount of supplied water, It is configured to have a semi-automatic water faucet valve that can supply the set amount of water when the valve is opened after the necessary amount of water supply to the unit paddy field is manually input and set, and then the valve automatically closes. Is good. The semi-automatic faucet valve is configured to function even when the water pressure of the agricultural water pipeline is low.

(1) In the water-saving type water leakage prevention structure for paddy fields according to the present invention, the water stop surface portion is disposed from the upper end side of the previous paddle portion to the inside of the paddle bed layer, The water in the drainage channel provided along the outer side of the dredge is dammed up by a damming plate so that the water surface is above the lower end of the dredged bed layer, It is opened to the ground at the lower part of the water surface of the weired water, and the unit paddy field and the drainage channel are in a state of water flow through a water permeable layer that forms the lower part of the lower end of the paddy bed layer. It is said that.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the water stored in the unit paddy from flowing through the previous buttock and leaking water by the water-stopping surface portion, and the small animal leaks from the hole opened in the buttock to the drainage channel or the like. In addition to being able to prevent water from leaking into the drainage channel by passing through the boundary between the previous saddle and the unit paddy, the pressure of the water stored between the adjacent weir plates in the drainage channel By the head, it is possible to suppress the stored water in the unit paddy field from passing through the bed layer and leaking into the drainage channel or the like. According to the present invention, these water leakage prevention actions combine to prevent leakage of stored water in paddy fields, prevent waste of agricultural water, and reduce power consumption associated with operation of the water pump. This can reduce the cost of rice cultivation.

  In addition, since the leakage of the stored water in the paddy field can be suppressed in this way, the amount of fertilizer components such as nitrogen and phosphorus and agricultural chemicals flowing into the drainage channel due to the leakage can be reduced. Moreover, since the drainage channels are provided with the weir boards at the required intervals as described above, many parts such as fertilizer components and agricultural chemicals that have flowed into the drainage channels can be precipitated at the bottom between the weir boards. . Therefore, by periodically removing this sediment, clean water with a low content can be flowed downstream, and environmental problems such as water pollution such as lakes and marshes on the downstream side of the drainage can be reduced. It becomes.

(2) In addition, since the water supply control device for supplying water to the predetermined water level is provided in the unit paddy field, economical rice cultivation can be performed while preventing unnecessary water supply to the paddy field. In particular, when a device equipped with a supply water amount integrating device and a semi-automatic water faucet valve is adopted as the water supply control device, the necessary water supply amount to the unit paddy field is manually input (manually turning the dial to set the scale) If the valve is opened after being set manually, the valve can be automatically closed after supplying the set amount of water, and the total amount of water supplied from the beginning of the rice cultivation season can be integrated. Since it can be confirmed, water supply control to paddy fields can be performed more efficiently and accurately.

(3) When the water stop surface portion is configured by using a plate-shaped water stop panel in which the lower end portion can be driven into the floor layer, the water stop surface portion is formed using a flexible sheet or a resin plate. Compared to the case of configuring the water surface portion, there is an advantage that the water stop surface portion can be efficiently constructed by driving in the water stop panel.

(4) In particular, when adding a fishway function to the drainage section provided in the front buttock and the drainage channel as described above, the drainage unit should be constructed by moving fish up the drainage channel from rivers and lakes. It is possible to reach the existing location, and further, the drainage part can be run up to the unit paddy field. As a result, the unit paddy field can be used as a place for egg laying, breeding, and breeding of fish, and rice farming in consideration of the ecosystem can be developed.

  1-2, the water-saving type water leakage prevention structure 1 for paddy fields according to the present invention is a water-saving type in a paddy field 5 partitioned by a first ridge 2 extending in the left-right direction and a second ridge 3 extending in the front-rear direction. In the water leakage prevention structure, the paddy field 5 divides the first ridges 2 and 2 arranged at a predetermined interval in the front and rear directions by the second ridges 3 at every required interval in the left-right direction. Thus, the unit paddy fields 11 whose front, rear, left and right edges are partitioned by the flanges 6, 7, 9, 10 are arranged in parallel in the left-right direction. And the water supply control apparatus 12 which supplies water to this unit paddy field 11 to a predetermined water level is provided in the rear part of each unit paddy field 11, ie, the rear collar part 7, as shown in FIG. Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 3-9, while the water stop surface part 8 is provided in the inner part 4 of the front collar part 6 so that the full length may be provided, it is in the outer part 13 of the said 1st collar 2a (FIG. 1). A drainage channel 14 is provided along the drainage channel 14 so that the stored water 15 in the unit paddy field 11 is drained to the drainage channel 14 from the drainage unit 16 provided in the front ridge 6. Hereinafter, this will be described more specifically.

  In the present embodiment, the paddy field 5 has an interval between the first eaves portions 6 and 7 disposed at the front and rear is set to 100 m and between the second eaves portions 9 and 10 disposed on the left and right. Therefore, the unit paddy field 11 has a distance of 100 m between the front and rear eaves 6 and 7 and a distance between the left and right eaves 9 and 10 of 30 m. As shown in FIGS. 5 to 6 and FIGS. 8 to 9, the bottom portion 17 of the paddy field 5 has a dredged bed layer 20 made of a clay layer that is difficult to permeate under a soil layer 19 for growing rice. Is provided. And the lower layer is the natural ground 18, and is often a highly water-permeable formation.

  Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 1-2, the said water supply control apparatus 12 is provided in the rear part of each unit paddy field 11, and the center part of the left-right direction of the said collar part 7 in the present Example. In this embodiment, the water supply control device 12 includes an agricultural water pipeline 21 disposed in a buried state in the length direction on the rear side of the first paddle 2b after the paddy field in order to supply water to the paddy field. A water-saving semi-automatic faucet valve connected to the branch pipe 21a is provided. The semi-automatic water faucet valve is set so that water supply is started when the valve is opened after the necessary amount of water to be supplied to the unit paddy field 11 is set by manually turning the dial or manually inputting the scale. The valve is automatically closed after supplying the set amount of water. The valve is configured to function even when the water pressure of the agricultural water pipeline is low. In addition, it is equipped with a supply water amount accumulator that can accumulate the total water supply from the beginning of the rice cultivation season, thereby preventing wasteful water supply to the paddy field and making the water supply control to the paddy field more efficient and accurate. You can do it.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, 5, and 8, the drainage channel 14 is provided along the outer side portion 13 of the first ridge 2 a located in front of the drainage channel 14. The bottom 23 is open to the ground 26. In this embodiment, a water channel bottom 23a, which is a kind of the water channel bottom 23, is positioned about 90 cm below the upper end 24 of the pad bed 20 of the unit paddy field 11, and the water channel bottom 23a is the ground. 26 is in an open state.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the drainage channel 14 is configured by combining a lower concrete water channel 14 a and a soil water channel 14 b located on the upper side and whose water channel width expands upward. However, if the whole is a soil channel, the bottom of the drainage channel collapses and the cross section of the channel cannot be maintained, so the lower side is the concrete channel 14a. The depth of the concrete water channel 14a is about 60 cm, and the depth of the earth water channel 14b is about 65 cm. Accordingly, the depth of the drainage channel 14 (the upper surface 24 of the front ridge 6 and the water channel of the concrete water channel 14a). The distance between the bottom surface 23) is about 125 cm. The size of the cross section of the drainage channel 14 is designed in consideration of the rainfall state at the time of construction, and the water of the drainage channel 14 normally flows through the concrete channel 14a and into the soil channel 14b during heavy rain. Also designed to flow.

  In this embodiment, the concrete water channel 14a is also configured as a fishway 25 that allows fish such as lakes to go up to the paddy field 5. The concrete structure of the concrete water channel 14a will be described. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 10, on the bottom surface 29 of the excavating part 27, the rising pieces are formed at both ends of a bottom plate member 30 formed in the shape of a square bar long in the water channel width direction. The U-shaped support frames 32 formed by standing 31 and 31 are arranged side by side with a required interval (for example, an interval of about 1 m), and between the rising pieces 31 and 31 adjacent in the length direction of the drainage channel 14. The side plate 33 is configured to be supported in a plurality of stages, for example, in two stages, and the water channel wall 35 is formed by the side plate 33 supported in the plurality of stages. In the drainage channel 14, the channel bottom surface 23 a is open to the ground 26 between the adjacent bottom plate members 30 and 30. In the present embodiment, the horizontal length of the bottom plate member 30 of the U-shaped support frame 32 is 70 cm, and the vertical length of the rising piece 31 is 60 cm. Both end portions protrude outward from the rising piece 31, and the side plates 33 are supported from below by upper surfaces 39, 39 of the projecting portions 37, 37. Further, the upper end width (the upper end width indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 8) of the earth and water channel 14b is set to about 270 cm.

  As shown in FIGS. 11 to 12, a dam plate 41 is attached to the concrete water channel 14 a with a required interval in the length direction of the drain channel 14, and between the adjacent dam plates 41, 41. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 8, the water surface 43 of the water reservoir 42 is dammed up by the damming plate 41 so as to be located above the lower end 45 of the bedbed layer 20. Then, the overflow portion 46 (FIGS. 11 to 12) forming the upper edge of the weir plate 41 causes water to overflow downstream, and the overflow portion 46 is a fish relative to the downstream water level. Is set to a height capable of going up (for example, 50 to 150 mm). In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 11 to 12, the weir lifting plate 41 has side portions 49 on the upstream side of the U-shaped support frame 32 whose edge portions 47, 47 on both sides thereof constitute the concrete water channel 14a. It is arrange | positioned by being fixed to a contact state.

  In addition, the drainage section 16 is provided because it is necessary to drain the stored water 15 in the unit paddy field 11 to the drainage path 14 when the rice is dried before harvesting. In this embodiment, the drainage path 14 is transferred from the drainage path 14 to the unit paddy field 11. It is also configured to serve as a fishway 50 that allows fish to run up.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5 to 7, the fishway 50 excavates the ridge portion 6 before the unit paddy field 11 and the drainage channel 14 in an inclined state, and the excavation portion has an upstream end of the waterway. A weir 52 that communicates with the unit paddy field 11 and has a U-shaped water channel member 55 whose water channel downstream end 53 communicates with the concrete water channel 14a in an inclined state, and that raises water in the water channel 56 of the water channel member 55 A plurality of plates 57 (six in this embodiment) are detachably mounted at required intervals in the vertical direction. The downstream end 53 of the waterway is connected to a connection opening 59 formed by cutting out the waterway wall 35 of the concrete waterway 14a, and the bottom dam plate 57a is attached to the downstream end of the waterway. The overflow portion 60 (FIGS. 5 and 7) forming the upper edge of the weir plate 57a is located on the underside of the upper end 61 of the water channel wall 35 of the concrete water channel 14a. Further, the uppermost dam plate 57b is attached to the upstream end portion of the water channel, and the overflow section 60 (FIGS. 5 and 6) forming the upper edge of the dam plate 57b has a maximum water depth of the unit paddy field 11. Is set at the height of the water surface 63 of the stored water 15.

  For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 3, a set of fitting grooves 67, 67 having an open upper end provided in an opposed state to the inner surfaces 66, 66 of the opposing side wall portions 65, 65 of the water channel member 55 is formed as the length of the water channel 56. Six sets are provided in the vertical direction at intervals of about 30 cm. As shown in FIG. 3B, the fishway 50 is configured by fitting both end edge portions 69 and 69 of the weir plate 57 into the fitting grooves 67 and 67 facing each other. The overflow portion 60 forming the upper edge of the uppermost dam plate 57b and the overflow portion 60 forming the upper edge of the lowermost dam plate 57a are formed horizontally. In addition, the second-stage dam plate 57c, the third-stage dam plate 57d, and the fourth-stage dam plate 57e are provided with an overflow portion 60 that is inclined downward from the upper edge one end 54 toward the upper edge other end 71. Thus, the overflow portion 60 of each weir plate 57 is set to a height that allows fish to run upstream relative to the downstream water surfaces 73a, 73b, 73c, 73d, 73e, and 73f (FIG. 5). .

  FIG. 3 shows a state in which the stored water 15 of the unit paddy field 11 flows down the overflow part 60 in a meandering state during the rain, and the fish passes the overflow part 60 from the drainage channel 14 to the paddy field. Go up to 5.

  When draining the stored water 15 in the unit paddy field 11 before harvesting, the stored water in the paddy field can be drained to the drainage channel 14 through the water channel member 55 as the drainage part 16. The existing one or two weir plates 57 are removed from the water channel member 55.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the water-stop surface portion 8 has a lower end portion 75 of the unit paddy field 11 on the inner side portion 4 of the front eaves part 6 in the unit paddy field 11. For example, an upper portion of the waterstop surface portion 8 is provided in a substantially vertical state from the upper end side 76 of the front heel portion 6 to the inside of the heel bed layer 20 so as to be embedded in the heel bed layer 20 by about 5 cm, for example. 77 covers the inner surface 79 of the front collar 6. In the present embodiment, the upper end side 76 is set to a lower part of the upper end 80 of the front collar part 6 (for example, a lower part of about 5 cm). The upper end 81 of the water stop surface 8 may be matched with the upper end 80 of the previous heel part 6, but in this embodiment, when weeding the upper surface part of the heel part 6 with a mower, In order to prevent the upper portion of the water surface portion 8 from being damaged by the mowing cutter, the upper end 81 is positioned at the lower side of the upper end 80 of the front heel portion 6. The upper portion 77 is provided so as to cover at least a portion above the water surface 63 having the maximum water depth of the stored water 15.

  In this embodiment, the water stop surface 8 uses a plate-like water stop panel 82 and a pile member 83 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 13, and the water stop panel 82 is interposed via the pile member 83. Connected to each other. The water stop panel 82 and the pile member 83 are made of, for example, a high-strength and high-durability cement-based fiber reinforced mortar. The water stop panel 82 has a horizontally long rectangular plate shape, and a lower end portion 85 of the water stop panel 82 is formed in a wedge shape by notching the paddy field side. Taking the dimensions of each part of the water stop panel 82 as an example, the horizontal length is 100 cm, the vertical height is 35 cm, and the thickness is 1 cm. The pile member 83 for connecting the water stop panel 82 having such a configuration is formed to be long in the vertical direction, and fitting groove portions 87 and 87 for fitting the left and right end edge portions 86 and 86 of the water stop panel 82 are formed on both side surfaces. The total length is set to 45 cm.

  However, when the water stop surface portion 8 is configured using the pile member 83 and the water stop panel 82, for example, as shown in FIG. 14, the lower end 89 of the vertical inner surface 79 of the front flange portion 6 is formed. The shore portion (rice surface portion) of the soil is removed at a depth of about 15 cm forming the soil formation layer 19 to form a working recess 90 at the ridge portion. After that, a length portion 88 of, for example, about 15 cm of the lower end side portion 91 of the pile member 83 is driven into the bed layer 20 on the lower end side of the vertical inner surface 79 as shown in FIG. At this time, the pile upper end 92 is positioned at the lower side of the upper end 80 of the previous eaves portion 6. For example, the upper end 80 is positioned at a lower portion of about 5 cm. When doing in this way, this pile upper end 92 is located about 5 cm above the water surface 63 of the said stored water 15 in the maximum water depth of the unit paddy field 11, for example, as shown in FIG.

  The left and right end portions of the lower end portion of the water stop panel 82 at the upper ends of the fitting grooves 87 and 87 (FIGS. 13 and 14) opposed to the left and right of the pile members 83 and 83 erected in this manner at a necessary interval. The water stop panel 82 is dropped with 93 and 93 inserted. Thereafter, by hitting the upper end 95 of the water stop panel 82, a length portion of about 5 to 10 cm (a length portion of about 5 cm in this embodiment) of the lower end portion 75 of the water stop panel 82, As shown in FIG. 15, the bottom layer 20 is driven at the lower end of the vertical inner surface 79. As described above, since the lower end portion 85 of the water stop panel 82 is formed in a wedge shape, driving can be facilitated. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the water stop panel 82 is supported by the pile member 83 in a stable state. In the same manner, the water stop panel 82 is attached between the insertion groove portions 87 and 87 facing left and right while driving the pile members 83 sequentially at a predetermined interval. Thereafter, the removed soil is backfilled in the depression 90. As a result, as shown in FIG. 9, the water-stopping surface portion 8 having excellent water-stopping properties is formed in which about 5 cm of the lower end portion 75 is embedded in the bed layer 20. As shown in FIG. 4, the water blocking surface portion 8 is provided in a discontinuous state so as to form the drainage portion 16. For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 4, the waterstop surface portion 8 is formed on both sides of the upper end of the drainage portion 16. The pile members 83 and 83 are driven.

  When the water-saving type water leakage prevention structure 1 for paddy fields having such a configuration is used, as described above, the water blocking surface portion 8 is difficult to permeate water from the underside portion of the upper end 80 of the front heel portion 6. Since it is disposed over the paddy bed layer 20, it is possible to prevent the stored water 15 in the unit paddy field 11 from passing through the previous paddle portion 6 and leaking into the drainage channel 14 or the like. Moreover, it is possible to effectively prevent small animals such as moles and crayfish from leaking into the drainage channel 14 and the like from the hole opened in the front heel part 6. In addition, since a lower end portion 75 of the water blocking surface portion 8 is embedded in the dredged bed layer 20, a boundary portion 98 (see FIG. 5) between the previous dredged portion 6 and the paddy surface 97 (the upper surface of the soil formation layer 19). It is possible to prevent water from leaking to the drainage channel 14 from 9). On the other hand, the bed layer 20 is difficult to permeate water, but it is inevitable that the stored water 15 penetrates the bed layer 20 and leaks into the drainage channel 14 and its surroundings.

  Therefore, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, the water surface 43 of the water storage 42 of the drainage channel 14 provided along the outer side portion 13 of the front collar portion 6 is formed by the weir lifting plate 41 (FIGS. 11 to 12). The dam is hung so as to exist above the lower end 45 (for example, an end approximately 30 to 35 cm below the upper end 24 of the heel bed 20) 45. The height difference between the water surface 43 and the lower end 45 is indicated by L in FIG. As the distance between the water surface 63 of the stored water 15 at the predetermined water level (maximum water level) of the unit paddy field 11 and the water surface 43 of the water storage 42 of the drainage channel 14 is smaller, water leakage due to water permeability in the dredged bed layer 20 is further reduced. It can be suppressed well. However, even during heavy rain, there must be a room for drainage by the drainage channel 14 without water flowing back from the drainage channel 14 to the unit paddy field 11. Therefore, the height of the water surface 43 is set to be below the water surface 63 of the unit paddy field 11.

  In FIG. 5, it is set at the upper part of the paddle layer 20 at the lower end 45 of the paddy bed layer 20, but it is more preferable to set it to the height of the upper end 24 of the paddy bed layer 20 of the unit paddy field 11. The water channel bottom surface 23 a of the drainage channel 14 is opened to the ground 26, and the unit paddy field 11 and the drainage channel 14 pass water through the water permeable layer 102 that forms the lower side portion 45 of the bottom floor layer 20. In the drainage channel 14, the stored water 15 in the unit paddy field 11 permeates the pad bed 20 by the pressure head of the water storage 42 between the adjacent weir plates 41, 41 in the drainage channel 14. Leakage of water will be suppressed.

  If it adds about this water-leakage suppression effect | action, as mentioned above, the base layer 20 which consists of a clay layer which is hard to permeate | transmits is the natural ground 18 (FIG. 5), and is a formation layer with high water permeability in many cases. And when the water of a paddy field leaks, it does not leak to the drainage channel 14 etc. horizontally through the bedbed layer 20, and it penetrates downward and easily leaks to the natural ground. Therefore, if the water storage 42 is secured in the drainage channel 14 at least to a position higher than the natural ground 18, the stored water 15 can be prevented from passing through the natural mountain 18 and leaking into the drainage channel 14 or the like. That is to say.

  Such a water leakage prevention action by the pressure head in the drainage channel 14, a water leakage prevention action through the front heel part 6 by the water stop surface part 8, a front surface 97 of the front heel part 6 and the unit paddy field 11, In combination with the water leakage preventing action through the boundary portion 98, the water leakage of the stored water 15 in the paddy field 5 is suppressed.

  In this way, leakage of the stored water in the paddy field 5 is suppressed, but it is inevitable that a part of the stored water 15 permeates the bed bed 20 and flows into the drainage channel 14. As a result, fertilizer components such as nitrogen and phosphorus contained in the leaked water and agricultural chemicals are mixed in the water storage 42, and many of these portions are placed between the weir plates 41, 41. It can be made to settle in the bottom part 105 (FIG. 12) of the drainage channel division part 103. FIG.

  If the weir plate 41 is not attached to the drainage channel 14, fertilizer components such as nitrogen and phosphorus and agricultural chemicals contained in the leaked water flowing into the drainage channel 14 will flow into the drainage channel 14. It is transported downstream and causes environmental pollution such as water pollution in the lakes and the like on the downstream side. In the present invention, since fertilizer components such as nitrogen and phosphorus and agricultural chemicals can be precipitated in the bottom portion 105 of the drainage channel section 103 in this way, by periodically removing this precipitate, the content thereof Therefore, it is possible to reduce the amount of clean water downstream and to reduce the problem of environmental pollution.

  In addition, since leakage of stored water can be suppressed in this way, the amount of makeup water supplied to each unit paddy field 11 by the water supply control device 12 can be reduced, thereby effectively utilizing water resources. As shown in FIG. 4, when the water depth scale 107 of the stored water is attached to the inner surface 106 of the water blocking surface portion 8, the difference between the predetermined water depth of the unit paddy field 11 and the water depth of the stored water 15. Since the necessary amount of replenishing water can be easily understood by reading the above, the necessary amount of replenishing water can be set easily and reliably by turning a dial attached to the semi-automatic water faucet valve. In FIG. 4, the predetermined water depth of the unit paddy field 11 is set to 10 cm, and a water depth notation 107 having a water depth of 8 cm, a water depth of 6 cm, and a water depth of 4 cm is given in 2 cm increments.

  By the way, the arrangement interval of the damming plates 41 is set as required according to the gradient of the paddy field 5 seen in the length direction of the front eaves part 6, and at least the unit paddy field 11 is adjacent. The water surface 43 of the water storage 42 between the matching weir plates 41 and 41 is set so as to exist above the lower end 45 of the paddle bed 20 of the unit paddy field 11. Therefore, when the gradient is relatively large, as shown in FIG. 16, weir plates 41 and 41 may be disposed on both ends in the length direction of the front flange portion 6. Is relatively small, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of unit paddy fields 11 juxtaposed along the first first eaves part 2 a, on both ends as viewed in the extending direction of the first eaves 2 a Weiring plates 41, 41 may be provided. Further, depending on the degree of the magnitude of the gradient, as shown in FIG. 17, a weir plate 41 may be disposed at an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the front collar portion 6.

  In this embodiment, since the function as a fishway is added to the drainage channel 14 and the drainage part 16, fish such as corals, corals, corals and the like are allowed to enter the drainage channel 14 from rivers and lakes. The overflow section 46 of the dam plate 41 can be moved up in order to reach the place where the drainage section 16 exists, and then the overflow section 60 of the dam plate 57 can be moved up in order. Unit paddy field 11 can be reached. For this reason, the unit paddy field 11 can be used as a place for spawning and breeding fish, and rice cultivation that coexists with nature can be developed.

  The present invention is not limited to what is shown in the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that various design changes can be made within the scope of the claims. One example is as follows.

(1) The water blocking surface portion 8 is located on the inner side portion 4 of the front ridge portion 6 in the unit paddy field 11 and is located on the lower side of the soil layer 19 of the unit paddy field 11 so as to extend over the entire length. It is only necessary that the lower end portion is provided in an embedded state, and for example, a resin plate or a resin sheet may be used. Further, when the first ridge 2 located in front is made of concrete as shown in FIG. 18, the water blocking surface portion 8 may be configured as an inner surface 109 of the previous ridge portion 6. Further, as shown in FIGS. 19 to 20, the water stop surface portion 8 is a surface portion 113 that covers the inner portion 111 of the heel cover 112 configured to cover the upper surface portion 110 and the inner portion 111 of the front heel portion 6. It may be configured as.

(2) In the present invention, the fact that the water channel bottom 23 of the drainage channel 14 is open to the ground 26 means that the water channel bottom surface 23a of the drainage channel 14 is open to the ground 26 as described above. In addition, as shown in FIG. 21, the opening 115 provided in the lower part of the channel wall 35 of the drainage channel 14 may be opened to the ground. Further, when the drainage channel 14 is entirely made of porous concrete, the bottom surface portion and the side surface portion thereof are opened to the ground. In short, the drainage channel 14 may be open to the ground at a portion below the water surface 43 of the water storage 42.

(3) In addition to the semi-automatic configuration described above, the water supply control device 12 may be configured to open and close the valve completely manually. The water level sensor detects the water level of the unit paddy field, In some cases, the valve is automatically opened and closed by a detection signal.

(4) FIG. 22 shows a case in which the weir plate 41a is detachably provided in the soil channel 14b in addition to the weir plate 41 provided in the concrete channel 14a. Therefore, in the same figure, both side portions of the upper weir plate 41a so that the upper weir plate 41a is placed on the upper surface 116 of the weir plate 41 attached to the concrete water channel 14a. Guide struts 120 and 120, in which guide grooves 119 and 119 for fitting 117 and 117 are provided in the vertical direction, are provided in an upright state by the inner surface cover concrete portion 121 of the soil channel 14b.

It is a top view explaining the water-saving type water leakage prevention structure for paddy fields according to the present invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining the water supply control apparatus provided in the paddy field. It is a perspective view explaining the structure of the drainage channel which has a fishway function, and a drainage part. It is a perspective view explaining the structure of the upper end side of the water stop surface part and drainage part which were provided in the inner part of the front collar part. It is sectional drawing explaining the structure of the drainage channel which has a fishway function, and a drainage part. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the structure of the water channel upstream end side part of a drainage part. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the structure of the water channel downstream end side part of a drainage part. It is sectional drawing explaining the positional relationship of the lower end of the paddy bed layer of a paddy field, and the water surface of a drainage channel. It is sectional drawing explaining the structure and its effect | action of a water stop surface part. It is a partially cutaway perspective view explaining the structure of a drainage channel. It is a perspective view explaining the flow state of the water of the drainage channel dammed up by the damming plate. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the water stop panel and pile member which comprise a water stop surface part. It is sectional drawing explaining the work process which forms a water stop surface part using a water stop panel and a pile member. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which driven in the water stop panel. It is a top view which shows the other aspect of the arrangement | positioning state of the weir board in a drainage channel. It is a top view which shows the other arrangement | positioning state of the weir board in a drainage channel. It is sectional drawing which shows the water stop surface part formed of the 1st cage made from concrete. It is sectional drawing which shows the water stop surface part formed using the eaves cover. It is sectional drawing which shows the other aspect of the water stop surface part formed using the eaves cover. It is sectional drawing which shows the other aspect of a drainage channel. It is a perspective view explaining the Example which provides a weir board also in a soil channel. It is sectional drawing explaining the water-leakage prevention structure of the conventional paddy field.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water-saving type water leakage prevention structure of paddy field 2 1st ridge 3 2nd ridge 6 Front ridge 7 Rear ridge 9 Left ridge 10 Right ridge 11 Unit paddy field 12 Water supply control device 14 Drainage path 15 Storage Water 16 Drainage section 17 Bottom part of paddy field 19 Soil layer 20 Dredging layer 21 Agricultural water pipeline 23 Drainage channel bottom 25 Fishway 26 Ground 35 Drain wall 41 Dam raising plate 42 Reservoir 43 Water storage surface 45 Lower end 46 Overflow section 50 Fishway 57 Dam plate 60 Overflow section 63 Water surface 82 Water stop panel 83 Pile member 107 Water depth scale

Claims (3)

A water-saving type leakage prevention structure for paddy fields partitioned by a first ridge extending in the left-right direction and a second ridge extending in the front-rear direction,
In the paddy field, the front and rear, right and left edges are partitioned by the hooks by partitioning the first paddles arranged at a required interval in the front and rear direction by the second paddles at every required distance in the left and right direction. Unit paddy fields are juxtaposed in the left-right direction,
Each unit paddy field is provided at its rear part with a water supply control device for supplying water to the unit paddy field at a predetermined water level, and a drainage channel is provided along the outer side of the first paddle located in front. The water of the unit paddy field is discharged to the drainage channel from the drainage part provided in the previous saddle.
In addition, on the inner side of the previous paddle in the unit paddy field, the lower end portion is embedded in the paddy bed layer made of clay layer, which exists under the soil layer of the unit paddy field so as to extend over its entire length. The water stop surface portion is provided from the upper end side of the previous heel portion to the inside of the heel bed layer, and a weir plate is provided in the drainage channel at a required interval. The water in the water is dammed up by the damming plate so that the water surface becomes the lower end of the soil formation layer , and the drainage channel is more than the water surface of the dammed water. The lower part is open to the ground, and the unit paddy field and the drainage channel are in a water-permeable state through a water permeable layer that forms a lower part of the lower end of the paddy bed layer. Water-saving type leakage prevention structure for paddy fields.   The water-saving surface of a paddy field according to claim 1, wherein the water-stop surface portion is formed as a plate-shaped water-stop panel that can be driven in such a manner that a lower end portion is buried in the bed layer. Mold water leakage prevention structure.   The water supply control device is connected to an agricultural water pipeline for supplying water to the paddy field, and includes a water supply amount integrating device capable of integrating the water supply amount, and manually supplies the necessary water supply amount to the unit paddy field. 2. A water-saving water leakage prevention structure for paddy fields according to claim 1, further comprising a semi-automatic water faucet valve that can supply the set amount of water when the valve is opened after being input and set, and thereafter the valve automatically closes. .

Images