JP4580375B2 - Greenhouse horticulture heating system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a greenhouse horticulture heating system for facility horticulture such as a vinyl house and a glass greenhouse.

  Conventionally, facility horticulture has been performed in which greenhouses for facility horticulture are heated to produce crops in a desired temperature environment. When performing this facility horticulture, an enormous amount of heat of, for example, about 100,000 kcal is required for each area 10a.

Fossil fuels such as kerosene and gasoline are used as the fuel for the heating device. Moreover, in order to operate a heating apparatus, electric power may be required. Here, a technique is known in which solid waste is combusted and gasified for power supply, and electric power is generated based on the gas (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-298783

  By the way, in the greenhouse heating system for facility horticulture, it is conceivable to operate the heating device by generating power using solid waste as in Patent Document 1, but the greenhouse for facility horticulture is heated as described above. Requires a huge amount of heat. Therefore, in order to obtain the fossil fuel used for a heating apparatus, cost increased and became a big burden on the producer. Moreover, since waste produces toxic gas when burned, it promotes environmental destruction.

  In recent years, there has been a remarkable depletion of fossil fuels, and the reduction of fossil fuels has become a social problem. In addition, since the heating device needs to burn fuel, carbon dioxide is generated in association with it, and thus the progress of global warming is accelerated. Since global warming causes various harmful effects such as sea level rise and ecosystem destruction, it is necessary to take immediate measures along with the reduction of fossil fuels.

  The subject of this invention is providing the greenhouse heating system for horticultural horticulture which can heat a greenhouse for horticultural horticulture at low cost while preventing environmental destruction in view of the said conventional situation.

  In order to solve the above problems, a greenhouse heating system for facility horticulture according to the present invention is a gas generation that generates carbon monoxide gas by carbonizing wood fuel in a facility horticulture greenhouse heating system for heating a greenhouse for facility horticulture. It is set as the structure provided with an apparatus and the heating means which heats the said greenhouse for gardening using the carbon monoxide gas which generate | occur | produced by this gas generator.

  The heating means is configured to generate a power generator based on the carbon monoxide gas generated by the gas generator, and to operate the greenhouse for horticultural use using wood fuel while operating with the electric power generated by the generator. It is good to set it as the structure containing the heating apparatus which heats.

  Further, the generator is a water-cooled gas engine generator, and at least one of engine cooling water of the water-cooled gas engine generator and hot water heat-exchanged with the exhaust gas of the water-cooled gas engine generator is used. It is good to set it as the structure further equipped with the hot water pipe which heats the said greenhouse for greenhouses by letting it pass.

  Furthermore, the hot water pipe is preferably arranged in the ground in the greenhouse for horticulture.

  Moreover, the said heating means is good to set it as the structure containing the gas combustion apparatus which burns the carbon monoxide gas which generate | occur | produced by the said gas generation apparatus, and heats the said greenhouse for greenhouses.

  A fuel supply path for supplying the wood fuel to the gas generator; a position for closing the fuel supply path to prevent gas flow between the fuel supply path and the gas generator; and the fuel The first and second shutters that can be moved to a position where the supply path is opened and the wood fuel is supplied to the gas generator, and at least one of the first and second shutters is always closed. It may be configured to further include driving means for independently driving the first shutter and the second shutter.

  The gas generator includes an upper furnace and a lower furnace having a diameter smaller than that of the upper furnace, and the upper furnace includes a wood fuel supply port to which the wood fuel is supplied; Preferably, the lower furnace has a gas grate and a combustion air supply unit that supplies combustion air.

  In the present invention, the wood fuel is carbonized to generate carbon monoxide gas. For example, the carbon monoxide gas is burned by obtaining electric power from a generator based on the carbon monoxide gas, or the carbon monoxide described above. The greenhouse is heated by burning the gas. Therefore, depletion of fossil fuel can be suppressed. Moreover, burning woody fuel that absorbs carbon dioxide does not directly increase carbon dioxide, and can suppress the progress of global warming. Furthermore, an increase in cost can be suppressed by using an inexpensive fossil fuel such as thinned wood without requiring an expensive fossil fuel. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the destruction of the environment and to heat the greenhouse for horticulture at a low cost.

  Hereinafter, the greenhouse heating system for facility horticulture according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an overall configuration of a greenhouse greenhouse system for horticulture according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, a greenhouse horticulture heating system 1 includes a gas generator 2, a fuel storage 3, a gas cooler 4, a gas purifier 5, a water-cooled gas engine generator 6 as a generator, a heating device 7, and the like. In a greenhouse for horticultural gardening (not shown). In addition, the heating means in this Embodiment is comprised from the water-cooling type gas engine generator 6 and the heating apparatus 7. FIG.

  As will be described in detail later, the gas generator 2 generates carbon monoxide gas by carbonizing wood fuel (arrow f1) such as thinned wood stored in the fuel storage 3 and supplied by the automatic fuel supply device 8. Yes.

  The gas cooler 4 cools the carbon monoxide gas (arrow g1) generated by the gas generator 2 and supplied through the gas discharge pipe 2a of the gas generator 2. The gas cooler 4 is provided with a heat exchange unit (not shown), and heat exchange is performed with water (arrows w1 and w2) passing through the hot water pipes 9a and 9b in the heat exchange unit. These hot water pipes 9a and 9b are arranged, for example, in the ground in the greenhouse for horticulture in order to heat the greenhouse for horticulture.

  In addition, the strength of the cooling in the gas cooler 4 is such that the carbon monoxide gas can reach the water-cooled gas engine generator 6 described later at a temperature lower than the allowable temperature. The distance may be determined appropriately in consideration of the characteristics of the cooling gas supply path 10 and the clean gas supply path 11.

  The gas cleaner 5 is provided with a filter (not shown) for removing dust. The carbon monoxide gas (arrow g2) cooled in the gas cooler 4 and supplied via the cooling gas supply path 10 passes through the filter to remove ash and the like.

  The water-cooled gas engine generator 6 generates power on the basis of carbon monoxide gas (arrow g3) supplied through the clean gas supply path 11 with ash and the like removed by the gas cleaner 5. This electric power can be used for electric power supply to lighting and other equipment for greenhouses for horticulture in addition to electric power supply to the heating device 7 to be described later. It is also possible to sell to.

  The water-cooled gas engine generator 6 is provided with an engine cooling unit and an exhaust unit (not shown). Engine cooling water (arrows w3 and w4) for cooling the engine in the engine cooling unit heats the greenhouse for horticulture through hot water pipes 12a and 12b disposed in the ground in the greenhouse for horticulture, for example. . In the exhaust section, the hot water (arrows w5 and w6) is warmed by the exhaust gas discharged, and the hot water (arrows w5 and w6) is, for example, a hot water pipe 13a disposed in the ground in the greenhouse for greenhouses. , 13b to heat the greenhouse for horticulture.

  The electric power (arrow e) generated by the water-cooled gas engine generator 6 operates the heating device 7 via the electric wire 14. The heating device 7 combusts wood fuel (arrow f2) supplied from the fuel storage 3 via the automatic fuel supply device 15, and warm air is emitted from the hot air outlets 7a and 7b by heat obtained by the combustion. (Arrows a, a) are ejected to heat the greenhouse for facility horticulture.

  The gas cooler 4 need not be provided when the carbon monoxide gas generated by the gas generator 2 is naturally cooled before reaching the gas engine cooler 6. Further, the gas purifier 5 need not be provided when a filter is disposed in the cooling gas supply path 10 or the like.

2A and 2B are a front view and a plan view, respectively, showing the internal configuration of the gas generator of the facility horticulture heating system.
As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the gas generator 2 includes an upper furnace 2b and a lower furnace 2c connected to the upper furnace 2b and having a smaller diameter than the upper furnace 2b, and is configured in a substantially cylindrical shape here. Has been. In the upper furnace 2b and the lower furnace 2c, plate-like members 2d and 2e each having a communication hole (not shown) formed in a circular shape so as not to prevent the communication between the upper furnace 2b and the lower furnace 2c are connected to the respective connection ends. It is arranged. These plate-like members 2d and 2e are fixed by bolts 2f and 2g at a plurality of locations.

The upper furnace 2b has a wood fuel supply port 2h through which wood fuel is supplied, a gas discharge port 2i that opens to the gas discharge pipe 2a and discharges carbon monoxide gas, and the like. The lower furnace 2c is
It has a grate 2j, an air volume variable fan 2k as a combustion air supply section for supplying combustion air, an ignition / ash take-out port 2l, and the like.

  A fuel supply furnace 16 is provided between the upper furnace 2b (woody fuel supply port 2h) and the automatic fuel supply device 8 described above. A first shutter 17 and a second shutter 18 are built in the fuel supply path 16. The first shutter 17 and the second shutter 18 include a position P1 that closes the fuel supply path 16 and suppresses the gas flow between the fuel supply path 16 (automatic fuel supply apparatus 8) and the gas generator 2, and the fuel supply path. 16 can be moved to a position P2 where the wood fuel is supplied to the gas generator 2.

  The first shutter 17 and the second shutter 18 are driven independently so that at least one of the first shutter 17 and the second shutter 18 is always closed. The drive means not to be connected is connected. For example, the driving unit may drive the first shutter 17 and the second shutter 18 every time determined in consideration of a desired amount of carbon monoxide gas.

  The air volume variable fan 2k of the lower furnace 2c ejects air into the lower furnace 2c through the air passages 2o connected to the plurality of air ejection ports 2n opened in the inner wall surface 2m of the lower furnace 2c. is doing. The ignition and ash take-out port 2l is used to put, for example, a fired cloth under the grate 2j in order to ignite the wood fuel stored on the grate 2j and to take out the burned wood fuel ash. It is open.

  Here, in order to generate carbon monoxide gas in the gas generator 2, it is preferable to store the wood fuel until it reaches the upper furnace 2 b and to carbonize the wood fuel. By doing so, the woody fuel becomes carbon monoxide gas, hydrogen, water vapor, ash and the like.

  There is no problem even if the hydrogen generated thereby is sent to the water-cooled gas engine generator 6 together with the carbon monoxide gas. Further, the ash may be taken out from the ignition / ash take-out port 2l. Then, for example, the water vapor may be discharged by providing a water drain valve in the gas cooler 4 or the cooling gas supply path 10 described above.

  Note that the lower furnace 2c is preferably configured using bricks or the like from the viewpoint of heat resistance, and the upper furnace 2b is configured by a member having heat resistance of about 600 ° C. that can generate carbon monoxide gas satisfactorily. Good. Moreover, in FIG. 2, although the illustration of the lid | cover formed in the upper part of the gas generator 2 is abbreviate | omitted, cleaning in the gas generator 2 etc. can be performed easily by forming a lid | cover.

  In the present embodiment described above, wood fuel is carbonized to generate carbon monoxide gas (arrows g1 to g3), and a water-cooled gas engine generator based on the carbon monoxide gas (arrows g1 to g3). The facility horticulture greenhouse is heated by generating electric power from 6 and operating the heating device 7 using the electric power (arrow e) generated thereby to burn the wood fuel. Therefore, depletion of fossil fuel can be suppressed. Moreover, burning woody fuel that absorbs carbon dioxide does not directly increase carbon dioxide, and can suppress the progress of global warming. Furthermore, an increase in cost can be suppressed by using an inexpensive fossil fuel such as thinned wood without requiring an expensive fossil fuel. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent environmental destruction and to heat the greenhouse for horticulture at a low cost.

  In the present embodiment, the greenhouse horticulture heating system 1 employs a water-cooled gas engine generator 6 as a generator, and engine cooling water (arrow w3) in the engine cooling section of the water-cooled gas engine generator 6 is used. , W4) and at least one of the hot water (arrows w5, w6) exchanged with the exhaust gas in the exhaust section of the water-cooled gas engine generator 6 (both in the present embodiment), the greenhouse for facility horticulture Are equipped with hot water pipes 12a, 12b, 13a, 13b. Therefore, heat loss can be suppressed and the greenhouse for facility horticulture can be effectively heated.

  Moreover, in this Embodiment, the gas cooler 4 has the hot water pipe 9a, 9b which heats the greenhouse for facilities horticulture by letting the water (arrows w1, w2) to exchange heat in the heat exchange part. Yes. Therefore, the hot water pipes 9a and 9b can suppress the heat loss and can effectively heat the greenhouse for facility horticulture as the hot water pipes 12a, 12b, 13a and 13b.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the hot water pipes 9a, 9b, 12a, 12b, 13a, 13b are arranged in the ground in the greenhouse for facility horticulture. Therefore, the crop can be effectively heated in the rhizosphere optimal for heating the crop, and the heating amount of the greenhouse for horticulture can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to effectively heat the greenhouse for facility horticulture with a small amount of heat.

  In the present embodiment, the greenhouse horticulture heating system 1 closes the fuel supply path 16 and suppresses the gas flow between the fuel supply path 16 (automatic fuel supply apparatus 8) and the gas generator 2. P1 and the first shutter 17 and the second shutter 18 that can be moved to a position P2 where the fuel supply passage 16 is opened and the wood fuel is supplied to the gas generator 2, and the first shutter 17 and the second shutter 18 Drive means (not shown) for independently driving the first shutter 17 and the second shutter 18 so that at least one of them is always closed is provided. Therefore, the carbon monoxide gas generated in the gas generator 2 flows back to the fuel supply path 16 and then the automatic fuel supply device 8, and oxygen flows from the automatic fuel supply device 8 side to the gas generator 2. Inhibition of the generation of carbon oxide gas can be prevented, and a predetermined amount of wood fuel can be supplied to the gas generator 2. Therefore, carbon monoxide gas can be generated under favorable conditions, and the greenhouse for horticulture can be effectively heated.

In the present embodiment, the gas generator 2 includes a wood fuel supply port 2h through which wood fuel is supplied, an upper furnace 2b having a gas discharge port 2i through which carbon monoxide gas is discharged, a grate 2j,
And an air volume variable fan 2k for supplying combustion air, and a lower furnace 2c connected to the upper furnace 2b and having a smaller diameter than the upper furnace 2b. Therefore, the gas generator 2 can generate carbon monoxide gas under favorable conditions, and can effectively heat the greenhouse for facility horticulture.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of a greenhouse lighting system for facility horticulture according to another embodiment of the present invention. The greenhouse horticulture heating system 21 shown in the figure does not have the water-cooled gas engine generator 6 (generator) shown in FIG. 1, and mainly uses the above-described facilities in that the carbon monoxide gas itself is burned. Since it is only different from the greenhouse heating system 1 for horticulture, detailed description is omitted.

  In the figure, a facility horticulture greenhouse heating system 21 includes a gas generator 22, a fuel storage 23, a gas purifier 25, a gas combustion device 27 as a heating means, and the like, and is disposed in a facility horticulture greenhouse (not shown). Yes.

  As with the gas generator 2 according to the above embodiment, the gas generator 22 carbonizes wood fuel (arrow f) such as thinned wood stored in the fuel storage 23 and supplied by the automatic fuel supply device 28. Carbon monoxide gas (arrow g1 ′) is generated.

  The gas cleaner 25 is provided with a filter (not shown) for removing dust. The carbon monoxide gas (arrow g1 ′) generated in the gas generator 22 and supplied via the gas discharge pipe 22a passes through the filter to remove ash and the like. The gas cleaner 25 can be omitted by installing a filter in the gas discharge pipe 22a or the like.

  The gas combustion device 27 burns carbon monoxide gas (arrow g2 ′) supplied through the clean gas supply path 31 from which ash or the like is removed by the gas purifier 25, and warm air is generated by the heat obtained by the combustion. Warm air (arrows a ′ and a ′) is ejected from the outlets 27a and 27b to heat the greenhouse for facility horticulture.

  In the present embodiment described above, the wood fuel is carbonized to generate carbon monoxide gas (arrows g1 ′ to g2 ′), and the carbon monoxide gas (arrows g1 ′ to g2 ′) is burned. Heating facility greenhouse for horticulture. Therefore, depletion of fossil fuel can be suppressed. In addition, burning wood fuel that absorbs carbon dioxide does not directly lead to an increase in carbon dioxide, and can suppress the progress of global warming. Furthermore, an increase in cost can be suppressed by using an inexpensive fossil fuel such as thinned wood without using an expensive fossil fuel. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, similarly to the above embodiment, it is possible to prevent environmental destruction and to heat a greenhouse for horticulture at a low cost.

It is the schematic which shows the whole structure of the greenhouse heating system for facilities gardening which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows the internal structure of the gas generator of the said facility horticulture heating system. It is a top view which shows the internal structure of the gas generator of the said facility gardening heating system. It is the schematic which shows the whole structure of the greenhouse heating system for facilities gardening which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Greenhouse heating system for horticultural horticulture 2 Gas generator 2a Gas exhaust pipe 2b Upper furnace 2c Lower furnace 2d, 2e Plate member 2f, 2g Bolt 2h Wood fuel supply port 2i Gas exhaust port 2j Grate 2k Air volume variable fan 2l Ignition Cum ash outlet 2m inner wall surface 2n air outlet 2o air passage 3 fuel storage 4 gas cooler 5 gas cleaner 6 water-cooled gas engine generator 7 heating device 7a, 7b hot air outlet 8 fuel automatic supply device 9a , 9b Hot water pipe 10 Cooling gas supply path 11 Clean gas supply path 12a, 12b Hot water pipes 13a, 13b Hot water pipe 14 Electric wire 15 Automatic fuel supply device 16 Fuel supply furnace 17 First shutter 18 Second shutter 21 Greenhouse heating system for facility horticulture 22 Gas Generator 22a Gas Discharge Pipe 23 Fuel Storage 25 Gas Cleaner 27 Gas Fuel Device 27a, 27b the hot air blowing mouth 31 clean gas supply passage

Claims (5)

In a greenhouse horticulture heating system for heating a greenhouse for horticulture,
A gas generator for carbonizing wood fuel to generate carbon monoxide gas;
Heating means for heating the greenhouse for horticulture using the carbon monoxide gas generated by the gas generator ,
The heating means is a generator that generates electricity based on the carbon monoxide gas generated by the gas generator, and is operated by the electric power generated by the generator and heats the greenhouse for horticulture using woody fuel. A greenhouse heating system for facility horticulture, characterized by comprising a heating device. The generator is a water-cooled gas engine generator;
It further includes a hot water pipe for heating the greenhouse for horticulture by passing at least one of the engine cooling water of the water-cooled gas engine generator and the hot water heat-exchanged with the exhaust gas of the water-cooled gas engine generator. The greenhouse heating system for facility horticulture according to claim 1 . The greenhouse heating system for facility horticulture according to claim 2 , wherein the hot water pipe is disposed in the ground in the greenhouse for facility horticulture. A fuel supply path for supplying the wood fuel to the gas generator;
Move to a position to close the fuel supply path to prevent gas flow between the fuel supply path and the gas generator, and a position to open the fuel supply path to supply the wood fuel to the gas generator Possible first and second shutters;
First shutter and claims 1 to 3, at least one of the second shutter is always driving means for independently driving the first shutter and the second shutter to close further comprising a The greenhouse heating system for facility horticulture according to any one of the above. The gas generator includes an upper furnace and a lower furnace having a diameter smaller than that of the upper furnace connected to the upper furnace,
The upper furnace has a wood fuel supply port to which the wood fuel is supplied, and a gas exhaust port for discharging the carbon monoxide gas,
The greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the lower furnace includes a grate and a combustion air supply unit that supplies combustion air.

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